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常见英语缩略式
(Contraction)
缩略式
(Contraction)
和缩写
(Abbreviation)
是两个不同的概念。
Abbreviation
是指单词
或片语缩短后的形式，主要用于在书面语中替代完整形式，如用
Mass.
替代
Massachusetts
（马萨诸塞州），
用
USA
替代
United States of
Ameirica
（美利坚合众国）
,
用
RMB
替
代
Renminbi
（人民币）等。
Contraction
又称缩约词
或收缩词，是指通过省略或结合一个较
长短语中的某些音素而形成的词，如从
of the clock
收缩而来的
o'clock
，从
I am
收缩而<
/p>
来的
I’m
等，在书写时，需要用’(<
/p>
apostrophe)
来代替省略掉的部分。
< br>
使用中必须要注意缩略式的使用场合，
缩略式的最大问
题是被用于不该用的地方。
一般来
说，
缩略式在小说体重是完全正常的，
特别是在对话中，
作者想要传
达一种听上去像实际口头
语言的信息。然而，在正式的非小说体写作中，缩略式几乎是不
被接受的。也就是说，在更加
正式的写作中，最好避免使用缩略式。
A List of Standard Contractions in
English
aren't
can't
couldn't
didn't
doesn't
don't
hadn't
hasn't
haven't
he'd
he'll
he's
I'd
I'll
I'm
I've
isn't
it's
let's
mightn't
mustn't
are
not
can not
could not
did
not
does not
do not
had
not
has not
have not
he had;
he would
he will; he
shall
he is; he
has
I had; I
would
I will; I
shall
I am
I have
is
not
it is; it has
let us
might
not
must not
there's
they'd
they'll
they're
they've
wasn’t
we'd
we’ll
we're
we've
weren't
what'll
what're
what's
what've
where's
who'd
who'll
who're
who's
who've
there is;
there has
they had; they
would
they will; they
shall
they are
they have
was
not
we had; we
would
we will
we are
we
have
were not
what will; what shall
what are
what is;
what has; what does
what
have
where is; where
has
who had; who
would
who will; who
shall
who are
who is; who has
who have
shan't
she'd
she'll
she's
that's
shall
not
she had; she
would
she will; she
shall
she is; she
has
that is; that
has
won't
you'd
you'll
you're
you've
will not
wouldn't
would not
you had; you would
you will; you shall
you are
you
have
shouldn't
should not
should
没有缩写为’d
的，
were
没有缩写为’re
的，
was
< br>没有缩写为’s
的。
Full
form
not
Contrac
ted
-n't
Notes
Irregular
forms:
only
be
attached
to
an
auxiliary
verb
which
is
itself
not
contracted.
let
us
let's
I am
are
is
does
has
have
had
did
would
will
of
of
it
them
-'ll
o'-
o'
't-
'em
-'d
-'ve
-'s
I'm
-'re
we're
/w
?
r/ is
pronounced differently from
were
/w
?
r/ in some
dialects.
informal, as in
informal, as in
used mostly in
o'clock
, where it is
mandatory in contemporary use
as in
Archaic,
except in stock uses such as
'T was the
night before
Christmas
Perceived
as
informal,
yet
old.
Actually
from
hem
,
which
is
not
the
same word as
them
, a Norse
loan.
isn't,
is
not
or
ain't
Contraction
ain't
aren't
can't
could've
couldn't
couldn't've
didn't
doesn't
don't
hadn't
hadn't've
hasn't
haven't
he'd
he'd've
he'll
he's
how'd
how'll
how's
I'd
I'd've
Meaning
am not /
are not / is not / has not / have not
are not / am not
cannot
could
have
could not
could not have
did not
does
not
do not
had not
had not
have
has not
have not
he had /
he would
he would
have
he shall / he
will
he has / he
is
how did / how
would
how will
how has / how is / how does
I had / I would
I
would have
ain't
is contracted from
am
not
and more recently
is not
; it is
generally considered a colloquial
contraction.
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