8个国际音标表及发音规则

/m/--/m/

是

m

的发音。双唇鼻辅音。发音时软颚下垂，双唇紧闭，气流从鼻腔

送出。

/n/--/n/

是

n

的发音。舌尖齿龈鼻辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，软颚下垂，气

流从鼻腔送出。

/ /--/ /

是

ng

的发音。舌后软颚鼻辅音。发音时软颚下 垂，堵住口腔通道，气

流从鼻腔送出。声带振动。

是

w

的 发音。舌后软颚半元音。发音时舌后部向软颚抬起，舌位高。

双唇收小并向前突出，声带 振动。发音短促，立刻滑向其后的元音。

/l/--/l/< /p>

是

l

的发音。舌端齿龈边辅音。发音时舌 尖及舌端紧贴上齿龈，舌前向

硬颚抬起，气流从舌的旁边送出。当此音为尾音时，将舌端 抵住上齿龈，舌

前下限，舌后上抬，舌面形成凹形。浊辅音、声带振动。

/r/--/r/

是

r

的发音。舌尖齿龈

(

后部

< br>)

摩擦辅音。发音时舌尖卷起，靠近上齿龈

后部。舌两侧 稍收扰。双唇略突出。气流通过舌尖和齿龈形成轻微摩擦。浊

辅音，声带振动。

/j/--/j/

传统的国际音标的读音符号

该音是国音字母

< br>y

在词首的读音，是舌

前硬颚半元音。发音时舌前部向硬 颚尽量抬起，舌位较高，双唇伸展成扁平

状。它是个浊辅音，声带振动。

/ /--/ /

是

ch< /p>

的发音，

/ /

是

dge

的发音。舌端齿龈破擦辅音。发音时舌身抬高，

舌端抵 上齿龈后部，气流通过时发出破擦音。

/ /

是清辅音，声带不振动；

/ /

是浊辅音，声带振动。

/ts/ /dz/

传统的国际音标读音符号，新课本中美式、英式读音都没将其包括在

/ts/

、

/ dz/

分别是字母组合

ts

和

ds

的读音。舌端齿龈破擦辅音。舌

端先贴住齿 龈，堵住气流，然后略下降，气流送出口腔。

/ts/

是清辅音 ，

/dz/

是浊辅音。

/tr/ /dr/

传统的国际音标读音符号。新课本中美式、 英式读音都没将其包括在

内。

/tr/

、

/dr/

分别是

tr

、

dr

的发音。齿龈后部破擦辅音。发音时舌身与

/r/

相

似，舌尖贴齿龈后部，气流冲破阻 碍发出短促的

/t/

后立即发

/r/< /p>

。

/tr/

是清辅

音，

/dr/

是浊辅音。

[i:]

字母组合

ee ea e ie --three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat

leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece

[]

发音字母

a--bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall

man

[e]

字母组合

ea e a--head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell

lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any

[ ]

字母组合

ir ur ear er or--girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder

nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard

[ε]

字母组合

er or ou ar o a e u--teacher leader remember player speaker farmer

powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar

collar dollar together tomorrow today lesson control around account ago elephant

manta banana Canada

[a:]

字母组合

ar a--car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm

[ ]

发音字母

u o ou oo--up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose

brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood

[ ]

字母组合

al or au our ar--small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord

horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court

bought warm quarrel quarter

[ ]

发音字母

o a--hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watch

[u:]

字母组合

oo o u--food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do

two true truth blue full prude

[u]

字母组合

oo ou u o--look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull

push woman wolf

[ei]

发音字母

a ay ea ai ey--name cake late gate plane April play say may way

great break rain paint plain they grey

[ai]

发音字母

i y--bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye

[au]

字母组合

ou ow--house out flour ground account count sound loud around

mouse flower down now cow how town

[ ]

发音字母

o ow oa-- home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow

blow show flow boat coat goal

[i ]

字母组合

eer ear--beer deerear near here fierce idea

[ ]

字母组合

ear air ere--pear bear chair air fair there where care

[u ]

字母组合

our ower --hour tour flower shower

[t] tree two ten ton town twenty city

[d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary

[k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky

[g] girl good goal goat grade long language

[m] man make moon morning move come comb

[n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean

[ ] uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning

[l] long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul

[r] read red right run room write

[f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough

[v] very evening even every voice vest of

[s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf

[z] zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those

[ ] that this those these though

[∫] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention

[h] hot hop home house horse how who

[w] when what where window wind wood

[j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow

[ ] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach

[ ] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk

[tr] tree country try treat track trunk

[dr] dry dream drop drive drink

[ts] students boots boats goats nuts

[dz] goods woods moods hoods

26

个英文字母及发音音标如下

:

A a

D d

[ei]

[di:]

B b

E e

[bi:]

[i:]

C c

F f

[si:]

[ef]

G g

J j

[d3i:]

[d3ei]

H h

K k

N n

Q q

T t

W w

Z z

[eit∫]

[kei]

[en]

[kju:]

[ti:]

I i

L l

O o

R r

U u

[ai]

[el]

[

?

u]

[

ɑ

:]

[ju:]

[eks]

M m

[em]

P p

S s

V v

Y y

[pi:]

[es]

[vi:]

[wai]

英语发音规则

[′d

∧

blju:]

X x

[zi:][zed]

he these me Chinese

在闭音节中

[e]

bed let pen desk yes egg

i

在开音节中

[ai]

bike fly drive time nice kite

在闭音节中

[i]

fish big drink sit milk swim

o

在开音节中

[Eu]

those close go hoe home no

一

,

元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母

读

音

例

词

a

在开音节中

[ei]

name plane Jane baby cake

在闭音节中

[ ]

bag dad hat map black back

e

在开音节中

[i:]

在闭音节中

[C]

clock not box shop sock

u

在开音节中

[ju:]

student excuse duty Tuesday

在闭音节中

[Q]

bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节中

,

元音字母

u

在辅音字母

j l r s

后面时读

[u:]

< br>音

,

例如

:June blue

ruler super

二

,

元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母< /p>

读

音

例

词

a

[E]

China another woman breakfast

[i]

orange comrade village cabbage

e

[E]

hundred student open weekend

[i]

chicken pocket begin children

i

[E]/[i]

holiday beautiful family animal

[ai]

exercise satellite

o

[E]

second tonight somebody welcome

[Eu]

also

zero

photo

u

[E]

autumn diffcult

[ju:]

popular congratulation January

动词中的

a

如果处在开音节位置

,a

[ei]

音

,

例如

:operate