-
长篇阅读
10
题，总分值：
20
分
Directions
：
You
are
going
to
read
a
passage
with
10
statements
attached to it.
Each statement contains information given in one
of the
paragraphs.
Identify
the
paragraph
from
which
the
information
is
derived. You may choose a paragraph
more than once. Each paragraph
is
marked with a letter.
Teens Give up
Traditional Summer Jobs to Build
Careers
(A)
Pikesville
Josh
Borris
is
working
this
summer,
but
he
won’t
be
paid.
Completing a second
summer as an intern (
实习生
) at
Correct Rx Pharmacy
Services
Inc.,
he
said,
is
more
valuable
than
earning
money
at
a
traditional
summer job. “I
want to one day be a pharmacist
(
药剂师
) researcher figuring
out how drugs interact with the human
body,” he said of his summer work at
the institutional pharmacy company.
“This internship is an exper
ience for
the
future.”
Even
as
fewer
teens
seek
to
work
during
the
summer,
some
like
Borris
are
pursuing
internships
or
other
experiences.
They
hope
such
experiences
will
give
them
a
leg
up
on
their
intended
careers.
“Right
now,
there
is
pressure
on findin
g
a
career,”
said
John
A.
Challenger, CEO
of
the
employment-
consulting firm.
“People worry that there won’t be something for
them
coming
out
of
school.”
(B) But not everyone. Many
teenagers simply don’t want to work. Only about a
million
of
the
11
million
youths
between
16
and
19
who
were
neither
employed nor
actively seeking work last year wanted a job,
according to the
US
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics
(BLS).
The
rest,
according
to
surveys
conducted by the
bureau, said they did not want to work. The
percentage of
youths
in
the
workforce
has
declined
steadily
since
1994,
according
to
the
BLS. It hit an all-time low record last
year and may be headed even lower this
summer.
(C)
Still, there are jobs for teens
–
and teens who want to take
them. Nearly
1.1 million teens found
work last summer, up from 960,000 in 2010,
according
to
the
BLS.
In
a
report
issued
in
late
April,
John
A.
Challenger, CEO
of
the
firm
Challenger,
Gray
&
Christmas
employment
consulting
projected
more
would
find
jobs
this
summer,
even
though
they
face
increased
competition
from older, more experienced
applicants, including people in their 20s looking
for any
kind of
work and
“retirees
who are
seeking
low
-skilled,
low-
pressure
jobs to supplement their
retirement income”. Not counted in the
dat
a are the
teens who win
internships. While most internships go to college
and graduate
school
students,
some
high-schoolers
also
are
in
the
hunt.
(D) “There
may be as many as two million interns employed
each year,” wrote
Ross
Eisenbrey,
vice
president
of
the
Economic
Policy
Institute,
in
a
report
issued May 23.
“Experts agree that the internship phenomenon was
growing
even
before
the
Great
Recession
and
has
accelerated
since.
Yet,
few
can
provide
any
information
on
the
impact of
internships,
paid
or unpaid,
on the
labor market or the wages and
employment prospects of young people.” More
and
more
teenagers
are
keen
on
filling
their
resumé
s
with
work
experience
beyond
the
traditional
summer
jobs
of
scooping
(
用勺舀
)
ice
cream
and
waiting
tables,
Challenger
said.
(E)
Riley
Drake,
a
senior,
got
an
unpaid
internship
last
June
at
the
Johns
Hopkins
University
School
of
Medicine
through
family
connections.
She
still
works there on an
immunology (
免疫学
) project,
developing and testing tumor-
targeted
antibodies (
抗体
). “I was
excited to just be a lab monkey,” Drake said,
“but I ended up getting to work on my
own project. This is valuable because
not
only
am
I
finding
something
no
one
has
found
before,
but
I’m
learning
interpersonal skills, lab skills and
how to interact wit
h people older than
I am.”
(F)
Yvette Schein, a senior at Baltimore’s Bryn Mawr
School, also has used
her
summers
as
an
opportunity
to
pursue
what
interests
her:
global
health.
“For the past three summers I’ve gone
to Tanzania for five weeks,” she said.
“I help with a public health research
project called ‘Partnership for the Rapid
Elimination
of
Trachoma’.”
Schein’s
father, Dr.
Oliver
Schein,
a
professor
at
the
Hopkins medical school, connected her with the
project but doesn’t go on
the trips
with her. Her first summer, she mostly handed out
forms to patients.
The
past
two
years,
she
performed
tests
on
patients
with
trachoma,
an
eye
disease. This summer she is going to
help map how the disease spreads by
marking
infected
homes
with
a
Global-Positioning
Sys
tem.
“I
get
to
see
an
entirely
different
perspective
on
the
world,”
she
said.
“This
has
changed
my
life.”
(G)
Not
everyone
is
fortunate
enough
to
have
connections
like
those.
Baltimore has
developed a program to find real-world work
experience for city
te
enagers
called
‘Baltimore
City
Youth
Works’,
which
finds
paying
summer
jobs
for
young
people
between
14
and
21
in
the
public
and
private
sectors.
The
program,
which
runs
from
June
25
to
August
3,
aims
to
give
young
people “the chance to put a stamp on
what
our future workforce
will look like,”
said
Brice
Freeman,
spokesman
for
the
mayor’s
office
of
employment
development.
“We’ve
secured
jobs
for
around
5,000
people
this
summer.”
(H)
Jasmine
Lane,
a
senior
at
the
Academy
for
College
and
Career
Exploration
in
Baltimore,
got
a
job
through
the
program
at
Veolia
Transportation, which
provides taxi and other public transportation
services in
the city. She’s worked at
the front desk for the company, answering phones,
assisting
customers,
filling
out
paperwork
and
taking
inventory.
“It’s
a
great
program,”
Lane
said.
“It
really
boosts
teens’
skills
and
gives
teens
more
experience
to
put
on
their
resumés.
When
you
don’t
have
experience,
you
can’t
get
certain
jobs.”
(I)
Of
course,
not
every
teen
focuses
exclusively
on
career-oriented
experience.
Danielle
Moses,
a
junior
at
Du
Bois
High
School
in
Baltimore,
who
has obtained positions through Youth Works in the
past, wants a paying
job
at
McDonald’s
or
at
a
hairstyling
school
this
summer.
“I
like
having
my
own
money,
and
a
job
gives
me
something
to
do
during
the
summer,”
she
said. Still, Moses said, in the future
she hopes to pursue a summer job or an
internship related to her intended
career: nursing. If she does, Moses would
be
joining
what
Challenger
said
is
a
growing
number
of
teens
choosing
a
career-
oriented
internship
or
job.
“Jobs
right
now,”
he
said,
“are
trials
for
future roles.”
1)
An increasing
number of teenagers are more aware of the
importance of real-
work experience than
traditional summer jobs.
(D)
2)
Some teens hope to get a summer job
with some payment because they want
to
have money of their own.
I
3)
According
to
Challenger,
some
retired
people
are
also
hunting
for
jobs
in
order to earn some extra money for
their better retirement life.
(C)
4)
Internship
is
very
important
for
it
helps
young
people
master
a
lot
of
skills
such
as
how
to
communicate
with
other
people
and
how
to
work
in
the
lab.
E
5)
The number of
the young people who don’t want to work is on the
rise since
1990s.
B
6)
The
experi
ence
of
internship
has
a
big
impact
on
interns’
life,
which
helps
them
see the world from a completely different
perspective.
F
7)
Quite
a
few
students
work
as
interns
in
order
to
gain
experience
for
their
future
work.
A
8)
According to
experts internship first appeared before the Great
Recession and
since then it has been
developing at a faster rate.
D
9)
Some city government has offered a
program intended to help young people
gain some work experience.
G
10)
Internships are popular among college
graduates but there is also a chance
for high school students.
C
参考答案：
1) D 2) I 3) C 4) E
5) B 6) F 7) A 8) D 9) G
10) C
阅读理解<
/p>
15
题，总分值：
30
< br>分
Directions
：
Read
the
following
passages
carefully.
Each
passage
is
followed by some questions or
unfinished sentences. For each of them
there are four choices marked A, B, C,
and D. Choose the best answer to
each
question.
As the world becomes
increasingly populated, it is also becoming
alarmingly
polluted.
We
use
more
resources,
produce
more
waste,
and
cause
more
environmental
distress
than
ever
before.
Fortunately,
there
are
many
ways
that
you
can
help
to
counter
the
negative
effects
that
we
force
on
the
environment. One of these is driving an
electric car. This benefits not only the
environment
but
also
individual
drivers.
Electric
cars
produce
about
80
percent
less
pollution
than
cars
with
gas-
powered
motors.
In
fact,
the
only
reason
that
electric
cars
produce
any
pollution
at
all
is
that
their
electric
energy
is
generated
by
power
plants
—
electric cars
themselves send out no exhaust. When energy comes
from large
sources such as power
plants, it’s easier to regulate and monitor, so
there’s
less waste than if the energy
is generated by many smaller sources, such as
the
gas
engines
in
individual
cars.
In
addition, electric cars are simply more efficient
than gas-powered cars for
several
reasons. First, electric cars have regenerative
breaking, which means
that
when
you
use
the
brakes
(
刹车
)
in
an
electric
car,
the
battery
has
a
chance to
recharge. Conversely, when you brake in a gas-
powered car, you
actually
use
energy.
Also, during the production of electric
cars, more time and energy are spent
making
the
design
lighter
and
more
powerful
so
that
there
will
be
less
drag
from
the wind. This allows them to travel farther using
less energy than a gas-
powered
car
would
use
to
go
the
same
distance.
Moreover,
electric
cars
can
also
save
people
time.
While
gas-powered
cars
require visits to a
mechanic every few months, the only routine
maintenance
required
by
electric
cars
is
replacing
the
battery
every
four
years.
Overall, there are numerous benefits of
driving an electric car. It may take a
little getting used to, but in the long
run, the use of electric cars can help save
the environment and give people more
time and money to be put to better use.
11)
What way is
discussed to help reduce environmental distress?
A. Using less energy
resources.
B. Making the world less
populated.
D. Driving an electric car.
C. Producing less waste and
pollution.
12)
Why
do electric cars produce much less pollution?
A. They are gas-powered which is easy
to control.
generated
through
large
sources.
smaller
sources.
B. Their energy is
C.
Their
energy
comes
from
different
D. They
themselves send out almost no exhaust.
13)
What’s the
main idea of Paragraph 4
-5?
A. Electric cars are more efficient in
structure and design.
cars
are
faster
than
gas-powered
cars.
save more
energy.
B. Electric
C.
Though
smaller,
electric
cars
D.
The production of electronic cars is more dynamic.
14)
How does
driving an electric car benefit people?
A. Save a lot of money spent on
gas.
money.
B. Save people a
lot of time and
D.
Replace
the
C.
Visit
a
mechanic
only
every
few
months.
battery only every
four years.
15)
What is the main purpose of the reading
passage?
A. Convince readers that cars
use too much energy.
how
to
improve
driving.
B. Show readers
C.
Convince
people
that
electric
cars
are
good.
D. Show how the
environment can be saved.
参考答案：
11) D
12) D 13) A 14) B 15) C
Have you ever flown? Did
you fly to another country to study English? How
do
you feel about flying? People who
have to fly all the time for business usually
find it boring. People who fly only
once in a while are excited. However, some
people feel only terror when they board
an airplane. They suffer from a phobia,
an
illogical
fear.
If
you
are
afraid
of
poisonous
spiders
(
有毒蜘蛛
),
this
is
logical.
If
you
are
afraid of all spiders, even harmless
ones, this is a phobia because it is illogical.
Some
people
have
phobias
about
heights
being
shut
up
in
a
small
or
large
open area. It’s not
logical to be afraid of these things when there is
no danger,
but
a
phobia
is
not
logical.
Fear
of flying is another phobia. We always hear about
a plane crash, but we
don’t hear about
the millions of flights every year that are safe.
Riding in a car
is thirty times more
dangerous than flying, but most of us are not
afraid every
time
we
get
into
a
car.
It
is
not
logical
to
be
afraid
of
flying,
but
research
shows
that
about
12
percent
of
people
have
this
fear.
People
with
a
phobia
about
flying
are
afraid
for
one
or more
reasons.
They
are
afraid
of
heights.
They
avoid
high
places,
and
if
they
are
in
a
high-rise
building,
they
don’t
look
out
the
windows.
They might be afraid of
being in an enclosed place like an elevator or a
tunnel
on a highway. When they get on
an airplane, they can’t get out until the end of
the flight, and the flight might last
several hours or even more. Maybe they are
afraid of the crowds and all the noise
and people rushing around at an airport.
This
especially
bothers
older
people.
Some
people
are
afraid
of
the
unknown.
They
don’t
understand
the
technology of flying and can’t believe
th
at a huge airplane can stay up in the
air.
Though
some
people
are
afraid
of
flying,
for
many
people
it’s
not
important because they
don’t really need to fly.
16)
________
usually think flying is boring.
A.
People who fly once in a
while
trips
B. People who fly
often on business
D.
People
who
feel
C.
People
who
have
a
phobia
about
flying
terror once they board
a plane
17)
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