-
2018
年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(二)
英
语
第二部分
阅读理解(共两节,满分<
/p>
40
分)
第一节
(共
15
小题;每小题
2
分,满分
30
分)
阅读下列短
文,从每题所给的四个选项(
A
、
B<
/p>
、
C
和
D
)中,选出最佳选项,
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Zoo Exhibit
Game
Each
animal
exhibit
will
haven
formation about the
animal located
there.
You
will
get
to
learn
about
each
animal's
habitat,
their
conservation status
and some other
quick facts. As you
explore the zoo
check
off
all
the
endangered
animals
you
discover
from
the
list
below.
Find them all and win a free
T-shirt
o Mountain Gorilla
o Chinese
Alligator
o Snow Leopard
o
white-winged Wood Duck
o Red Panda
o Giant Turtle
o Koala
o Tree Kangaroo
o Red wolf
o Tiger Snake
o African Wild
Dog
o Giant Anteater
Zoo
Manners
The
zoo
is
a
smoke
free
area
No
balloons, balls, bikes, or roller
skates
allowed.
Pets
are
not
allowed-
excepting guide dogs for blind
Stay
on
the
pathways
and
do
not
place
children
on
railing.
Do
not
throw
anything
into
the
animal
exhibits.
Please
help
our
conservation
efforts
by
depositing
trash and recyclables properly.
Lost Persons
If separated
from your group ask any
zoo
employee
or
security
guard
for
immediate
assistance,
or
go
directly
to
the
Administration
Building
reception desk
Facilities
and Services
Enjoy a delicious meal at
one of our
two
animal-themed
café
restaurants.
Our
Visitor
Centre
offers
cards,
books
and
toys
so
you
can
always
remember you day at the zoo. There
is also an hourly animal presentation
near
the
Main
Entrance
where
you
can learn more about the
animals, pet
them
and
even
take
a
picture
with
them
Roger
Williams
Park
Zoo
Visitor Guide and Map
1000
Elmwood Avenue
1
21. How can a person get a free t-shirt
at the zoo?
A Follow all the zoo rules
B. Visit all
the zoo's exhibits
C. Bring along
another guest
D Identify
all the animals in danger.
22. Where
should a lost person go for help?
A.
Main Entrance
B. Visitor
Centre
C. Administration Building.D
Nursing Centre.
23. Which of the
following is allowed at the zoo?
A
Riding your bike
B Taking your camera
C.
Feeding the animals D Smoking cigarettes
B
I saw it first, Amy said,
as she ripped the old leather wallet out of
Charlies hands.
Without saying a word,
as if they both understood that this was a secret
they didn’t
want to share with anyone,
they slipped into the alley, where no one could
see them
look inside
pile of hundred- dollar
bills. Amy, the more realistic of the two, did a
quick estimate,
thumbing through the
wad of cash.
ice shaking
in
disbelief.
They'd found the wallet in a
flowerbed by the sidewalk, when Charlie dropped
his
cell phone while he was trying to
talk and eat a slice of pepperoni pizza at the
same
time. Amy stuffed the wallet into
her backpack and pulled Charlie along by his elbow
toward her house. As they rushed toward
Viceroy Avenue, they talked excitedly about
what they could do with the money-buy
gifts for parents and friends, get new clothes,
travel to the rainforest in Costa Rica,
and adopt a whale. It looked like all of their
dreams would come true. For the last
block, however, they didn’t talk. Each began to
suspect that the other one was silently
adding to the list of things they could buy.
They finally reached Amy s
house, but instead of going inside, they walked
around the house to the back porch.
They opened the wallet and counted the money
into piles of ten. The total wasS2400-
more money than either of them had ever seen.
Then they both started talking at once.
sinking from the high of being rich for
fifteen minutes to resigning themselves to what
they must do next. For in the wallet's
clear plastic compartment, there was a driver's
license. They knew what they had to do.
Although they would lose their newly-found
treasure, in a way, they felt relieved.
2
24. Where did
Amy and Charlie find the wallet?
A. In
an alley
B In a backpack
C. Among some flowers
D
On the sidewalk
25. In paragraph 2, why
was Amy’s voice shaking?
A.
She was afraid that they would be seen by others
B. She was disappointed there wasn't a
million dollars
C. She was fearful that
Charlie would tell someone else
D. She
felt nervous because she'd never seen so much
money
26. On their way to Amy’s house,
the chil
dren's mood changed from
A excited to suspicious
B. happy to angry
C relieved
to worried
D. nervous to
disappointed
27. What did the children
decide to do at the end of the story?
A. To keep the money a secret from
others
B. To return the wallet to its
rightful owner
C. To put the wallet
back where they found it.
D. To buy
many different things with the money.
C
An article published in the prestigious
scientific journal
Nature
sheds new light
on an important, but
up-to-now little appreciated, aspect of human
evolution. In this
article Professors
Dennis Bramble and Daniel Lieberman suggest that
being able to
run was the necessary
condition for the development of our species which
enabled us
to come down from the trees.
This challenges traditional scientific thinking,
which
claims that the distinctive,
upright body form of modern humans has come about
as a
result of the ability to walk, and
that running is simply a by-product of walking.
Furthermore, humans have usually been
regarded as poor runners compared to such
animals as dogs, horses or deer.
However, this is only true if we consider running
at
high speed, especially over short
distances. But when it comes to long-distance
running, humans do astonishingly well.
They can keep a steady pace for many
kilometres, and their overall speed is
at least the same as that of horses or dogs
Bramble and Lieberman examined 26
physical features found in humans. One of
the most interesting of these is the
nuchal ligament(
项韧带
). When
we run, this
ligament prevents our head
from moving back and forth or from side to side.
Therefore, we are able to run with
steady heads, held high. The nuchal ligament is
not
found in any other surviving
primates, such as apes and monkeys. Then there are
our
3
Achilles
tendons (
跟腱
) at the backs of
our legs, which connect our calf muscles to
our heel bones
—
and which have nothing to do with walking. When we
run, these
tendons behave like springs,
helping to push us forward. Furthermore, we have
low,
wide shoulders virtually
disconnected from our
skulls(
颅骨
), a physical
development
which allows us to run more
efficiently.
But what evolutionary
advantage is gained from being good long-distance
runners?
Perhaps it permitted early
humans to obtain food more effectively.
features and facts appear to be telling
us is that running evolved in order for our direct
ancestors to compete with other meat-
eating animals for access to the protein needed
to grow the big brains that we enjoy
today,
forward the theory that early
humans chased animals for great distances in order
to
exhaust them before killing them.
controversial,
many researchers to reevaluate and
further investigate how humans learned to run and
walk and why we are built the way we
are.
28. In paragraph 1, what do the
two professors suggest about humans' ability to
run?
A. It is an evolutionary by-
product of walking.
B. It helps to form
people's ability to climb trees.
C. It
has played an important role in human evolution.
D. It has not been adequately studied
by scientists before.
29. What is true
about the physical characteristics examined by the
professors?
A. Achilles tendons assist
people to walk long distances.
B. The
human skull helps people to run more efficiently.
C. people's shoulders allow them to
look from side to side.
D. The nuchal
ligament enables people to hold their head steady.
30. According to paragraph 3,
scientists believe that early humans_________.
A. always came across dangerous
situations in life
B. ran after animals
for long distances when hunting
C often
failed to find food because they couldn't run fast
D developed their hunting skills by
running long distances
31. Professor
Lieberman thinks the new theory will _________.
A completely explain how running
developed
B revolutionize the theory of
human evolution
4
C. encourage more in-depth studies on
the topic
D. be widely supported within
the scientific community
D
Scientists have solved the mystery of
why the
overwhelming
majority
of
mammoth
fossils(
化
石
)are male.
Much
like
wild
elephants
today,
young
male
Ice
Age
mammoths
probably
travelled
around
alone
and
more
often
got
themselves
into
risky
situations where they
were swept into rivers, or fell
through
ice or into mud, lakes or sinkholes that preserved
their bones for thousands of
years,
scientists say.
Females, on the other
hand, travelled in groups led by an older
matriarch who
knew the landscape and
directed her group away from danger.
the
benefit
of
living
in
a
herd
led
by
an
experienced
female,
male
mammoths had a much higher risk of
dying in natural traps such as mud holes, rock
cracks
and
lakes,
co-author
Love
Dalen
of
the
Swedish
Museum
of
Natural
History in a report
published on Thursday in the journal
Current Biology
.
The study used genetic data to
determine the sex of 98 woolly mammoth fossils
in
Siberia
Researchers
found
that
69%
of
the
samples
were
male,
a
heavily
unbalanced sex ratio, assuming that the
sexes were fairly even at birth
fossil
record,
said
first
author
Patricia
Pecnerova,
also
of
the
Swedish
Museum
of
Natural
History.
Therefore,
researchers
believe
that
something
about
the
way
they
lived
influenced the way they died.
Most bones, tusks, and teeth from
mammoths and other Ice Age animals haven't
survived,
preserved
because they have been buried, and thus protected
from weathering.
These giant, tusked
plant eaters disappeared about 4,000 years ago.
While there
is
no
scientific
agreement
about
the
causes
of
their
disappearance
from
the
planet,
most
believe
that
climate
change,
excessive
hunting
by
humans
and
the
spread
of
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