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中英文翻译
英文原文
Research on Voltage Space-vector
Control System of Synchronous Motor
Vector
control
of
field
oriented
control,
the
basic
idea
is:
through
coordinate
transformation control method for
simulation of DC motor to control the
permanent magnet
synchronous
motor.
Three-phase
symmetrical
windings
in
three-phase
AC
can
produce
a
rotating
magnetic
motive
force,
two
phase
symmetrical
windings
into
two
symmetric
alternating
current
can
produce
the
same
rotating
magnet
ometive
force;
therefore
the
three-phase
symmetric
winding
can
be
replaced
with
two
phase
symmetrical
windings
equivalent
independent of each other, equivalent principle is
the constant magnetomotive force
produced before and after
transformation, transformation and total power
constant.
In
oil
field,
the
power
factor
was
reduced
and
the
reactive
power
consumption
was
increased because of the usage of the
large number of asynchronous motor, and resulting
in a
huge
waste
of
energy,
which
reduced
the
integrated
cost-effective
of
field.
The
permanent
magnet synchronous
motor possess all the advantages of synchronous
motor and it has high
efficiency and
higher power factor. For
the advantages of permanent magnet synchronous,it
will bring good energy saving results
if it is used in pumping unit. As a result,the
study on
permanent magnet synchronous
motor control system is important.
In
this paper the theory of vector control system on
PMSM is first deeply studied,and the
idea
of
coordinate
transformation
is
used
to
build
the
mathematical
model
of
PMSM.
An
in-depth
theoretical
analysis
of
voltage
space
vector
control
algorithm
is
done.
Secondly,based
on
the
mathematical
model
of
permanent
magnet
synchronous
motor
and
SVPWM
theory,the
model
of
PMSM
vector
control
system
is
established
by
of
Matlab/Simulink. The simulation result
shows the possibility of using the control system.
In
the
paper,
the
software
and
hardware
of
PMSM
vector
control
system
is
designed
core-based TI
Company’s motor control DSP chip
TMS320LF2407A. Hardware ncludes the
main circuit,control circuit and its
peripheral circuits;software contains the main
program and
SVPWM interrupt
subroutine,it achieves the implementation of the
dual closed-loop current.
At
last,the
motor
experiments
are
carried
on
under
the
laboratory,the
experimental
results
verify the correctness of the hardware
and control program.
Permanent
magnet
synchronous
motor
with
the
advantages
of
simple
structure,high
efficiency,wide
speed
range,widely
used
in
machining,aerospace
and
electric
traction
fields,this
paper
introduces
the
structure,control
strategy
of
permanent
magnet
synchronous
motor and its
vector torque control research present situation
and direction.
Based
on
space
vector
principle,the
three
kind
of
coordinate
systems
as
well
as
the
transformation
of
them
which
usually
used
in
motor’s
speed
control
system
are
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中英文翻译
introduced,then,the mathematic models
on different coordinate systems are derived,be
based
on
that,the
principle
of
traditional
direct
torque
control
system
as
well
as
the
direct
torque
control system based
on SVPWM are analyzed detailed,meanwhile,the
realization process of
SVPWM
algorithm
is
y,the
simulation
model
of
convientional
DTC
Control
system are
established in MATLAB/Simulink.
Control
of permanent magnet synchronous motor
mainly in the following
1.1
vector control
The core idea of
vector control of three-phase
current,voltage,the flux of the motor by
coordinate
transformation
into
the
rotor
flux
oriented
phase
reference
coordinate
system,
control idea according to DC motor,
control motor advantages of the field
oriented
vector
control
is
good
torque
response,precise
speed
control,zero
speed
can
achieve
full
r,the
vector
control
system
needs
to
determine
the
rotor
flux,to
coordinate
transformation,a
large amount of calculation,but also consider the
effect of changes in the rotor
of
the
motor
parameters,which
makes
the
system
more
complex,this
is
the
vector
control
deficiencies.
1.2 direct torque control
It
is based on stator flux orientation,implementation
of direct control of stator
flux and
torque
.The control is based
on the idea of amplitude real-time detection of
motor torque and
flux are given,and the
torque and flux linkage value comparison,the
torque and flux adjusting
the
appropriate stator voltage space vector selection
table switch calculated directly from an
offline,power switch and control of
inverter torque control does not need the vector
coordinate transformation complex,the
motor model is simplified,no pulse width
modulation
signal generator,control has
the advantages of simple structure,motor parameter
changes,can
obtain good dynamic there
are also some shortcomings,such as the inverter
switching frequency is not fixed,large
torque ripple current to realize digital control
requires
high sampling frequency.
1.3
direct torque
control based on space
vector
modulation
(SVM-DTC)
The SVM-DTC
control is the vector control and direct torque
control together,its theory
foundation
and DTC control theory,is based on torque angle
ing to the change of
torque angle and
flux vector position,get the flux of the next
cycle position,which can be the
reference voltage vector is
required,then the reference voltage vector
modulation,PWM wave
inverter SVM-DTC
control,the flux changes to determine the next
position,so the
accurate
estimation
of
flux
has
great
effect
on
the
control
system,and
the
flux
estimation
depends on motor
parameters are addition,the electromagnetic
torque and torque angle
is
a
nonlinear
relationship,but
in
the
practical
application
is
approximately
linear,using
PI
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中英文翻译
regulation,performance so that the PI
parameters can also affect the system.
1.4 The model reference adaptive
control(MRAS)
The
model
system
requirements
of
the
control
system
with
a
model
for
the
adaptive
control,the output
response model is ideal,this model is called the
reference system
always tries to make
dynamic consistency can bedynamic reference model
and the adjustable
model in comparing
the output of reference model and actual
process,and through
the
adaptive
controller
to
adjust
some
parameters
of
the
adjustable
model
or
generate
anauxiliary
input,so
that
the
output
error
between
actual
output
and
the reference
model
as
small as practical
application,usually used for speed estimation,to
realize the speed
sensor less ore,the
model reference adaptive depends mainly on the
accuracy
of
the
adjustable
model,the
stable
operation
of
the
system
plays
a
decisive
role
addition,the adaptive control law
parameters tuning is a difficult problem,the
control accuracy
of the control system
has a great impact.
1.5The state
observer based control
Control based on state observer is
developed based on the modern control
theory,observer
based
on
the
mathematical
model
of
permanent
magnet
synchronous
motor,used
for
each
observation control system and the
state,thus extracting speed is also dependent on
the
accuracy
of
the
motor
model,the
appearance
of
large
error
will
run
at
low
speed
or
increasing temperature leads to the
variation of motor parameters,so as to bring large
deviation
to control.
1.6
intelligent control
The use
of intelligent algorithms,intelligent control of
the control system, such as fuzzy
control,neural network control,self-
tuning parameters and so on,through one or several
times
after
the
trial
operation,
automatic
parameter
tuning
out,to
realize
the
optimization
igent
control
has
many
advantages,especially
in
the
motor
is
multi
variable,nonlinear
control system,however,control and its performance
depends on the control
object,that
is
to
say
not
every
control
system
can
achieve
good
control,which
require
the
same
time,the
large
amount
of
computation,but
also
has
certain
requirements for the controller.
Synchronous Motor because of having
power factor higher run
–
time efficiency higher ,
stability
good,
the
revolving
speed
settles
to
wait
a
merit,
is
extensively
been
applied
to
industrial
production
amid.
The
starting
fault
that
acquaints
with
synchronous
motor,
and
debugging in time, all have important
meaning to the motor and the production systems .
By
way
of
energy
in
time,
accurate
debugging
and
transaction
fault,
have
the
familiar
fault
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中英文翻译
progress of
the synchronous motor in detail analytical!
2 Familiar fault
2.1 The
synchro motor after switching on electricity the
incapability starts
The synchro motor
after starting the incapability run - time
generally has the reason of
severals as
follows:
(1)Power supply voltage over e
at the square of voltage, the starting torque
direct proportion of synchro motor's
the voltage of power supply over make low the
starting
torque of synchro motor
significantly the droop is lower than load troque,
can not start thus and
want to raise vs
this power supply voltage to enlarge the starting
torque of dynamo.
(2)The fault of
motor. Check motor settle, the rotor winding had
no short circuit, open
circtui, open
soldering and link bad etc. fault, these the
faults will make the dynamo can not
start to create starting of rating of
intensity of magnetic field, make thus the dynamo
can not
start;Checking the motor
bearing has already had no failure, the port cap
has have no loose, if
bearing failure
port shroud loose, result in bearing's down
sinking, mutually rub with stator iron
core, result in thus dynamo's canning
not start, vs settle the rotor fault can be shaken
table with
the
low
tension,
gradually
click
to
check
to
seek
a
fault
condition
and
adopt
homologous
treatment;The
countersgaft accepts and carries to shroud a loose
condition and all wants a pan
car
before driving each time and sees motor rotor
whether slewing is vivid, if bearing or shaft
kiowatt damage and replace in time.
(3)The control device breaks kind of
faults are mostly the d.c. output voltage of
the windings of Li magnetic belt to
adjust not appropriate or don't output, result in
the stator
current of motor over big,
cause the motor conduct electricity the run make
or the losing of
dynamo
magnetic
belt
run
-
check
whether
output
voltage
current
and
its
waveform
that the Li magnetic belt equips is normal at this
time, the Rong breaks whether the
machine
Rong
breaks,
the
contact
is
bad;Whether
circuit
board
plug-in
puts
prison
or
alignment;Check
loop
resistance,
put
out
whether
crystal
gate
tube
of
magnet
burns
out
or
brokes
through.
(4)Mechanical trouble. Such as
be dragged along a dynamic machinery to block,
result in
motor incapability's
starting, the rotor that moves motor in response
to the pan at this time sees
whether
the slewing is vivid, machinery burden whether
existence fault
2.2The synchro motor
incapability leads long into synchronization.
Synchro motor in common use law of
nonsynchronous starting,throw in Li magnetic belt
when the motor rotor revolving speed
hits synchronous revolving speed of 95%, make it
leads
long into synchronization. The
synchro motor incapability leads long into
synchronous reason
as follows:
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中英文翻译
(1)The Li
magnetic belt winding short e the winding of Li
magnetic belt,
existence short circuit
breaks down, as a result makes motor able to
stabilize run - time but
incapability
and lead long into synchronization while being
lower than synchronous revolving
speed.
Check
to
seek
the
Li
magnetic
belt
winding
short
circuit,
can
open
into
low
-
tension(about the 30 Vs) in the rotor
derivation on - line, put on the magnetic poles
surface with
a hand work steel saw,
pursue inspection magnetic poles, if vibrating is
violent, explain the
magnetic
poles
to
have
no
short
circuit
on
steel
saw
of
the
magnetic
poles'
surface,
if
the
vibrating
of
saw
blade
micro
or
don't
flap,
explain
the
magnetic
poles
short
circuit.
After
unloading the magnetic
poles, check the fault to
click,is
short-circuit
degree, adopt
local
to
mend or re- round to make.
(2) Power supply voltage over low.
Power supply voltage over low, result in the
strong Li
link of the device of Li
magnetic belt incapability working, make the motor
incapability lead
long into
synchronization thus, the concrete way is to raise
power supply voltage appropriately.
(3)
The fault of Li magnetic belt device. Such as
throw Li over speedy(namely throw in Li
magnetic belt, motor rotor revolving
speed over low), will make the motor can not lead
long
into synchronization, should check
to throw if the Li link exists fault at this time.
If Li magnetic
belt device fault, the
output's current is lower than a rating value,
cause the electricity magnetic
troque
of dynamo over small but can not lead long into
synchronization, at this time in response
to scrutiny Li magnetic belt device of
throw Li link and phase - shifting link, waveform
use
oscillo graph to check to throw Li
link and phase - shifting link, should also check
and put out
magnetic belt link and put
out crystal gate of magnetic belt whether tube
discovers a question as
usual, handle
in time, if the incapability handles in time, by
way of the energy quickly restore
capacity, should replace to provide for
use circuit board.
2.3 Brush and
compress tightly spring and gather to give or get
an electric shock ring fault.
The brush
leads short and compresses tightly spring press
scarcity and make brush and
gather to
give or get an electric shock ring of indirectly
touch badly, thus generate spark or arc
electric, arc electric or spark to on
the other hand and easily spark short circuit,
will make arc
electric burn on the
other hand shorter, spark open circtui thus,
result in Li magnetic belt device
only
the
Li
magnetoelectricity
press
but
have no
Li
magnetoelectricity
streaming;Compress
tightly
spring
ageing
lapse,
make
brush
and
gather
to
give
or
get
an
electric
shock
ring
of
indirectly touch badly, effect the
starting of motor thus;Gather to give or get an
electric shock a
ring surface to there
is grease stain and scar or slot scar, will make
brush and gather to give or
get an
electric shock ring of indirectly touch badly,
generate spark, spark further burn gather to
give or get an electric shock ring,
will also make gnd short-circuit, the spark
effects the starting
of motor gather
to give or get an electric shock ring superficial
grease stain, can wipe
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中英文翻译
to clean
with the acetone; For thin trace, use many fettle
shagging rings of sandpapers surface,
is ring surface roughness to hit R1.6
ums, if the slot scar obviously needs to get on
the car bed
transform, truning, enter
amount of knife to take every time 1 mm as proper,
in the 1-1.5 ms/s,
the
truning
speed
control's
roughness
hits
of
the
ums
of
R1.5-1.8
and
becomes
bad
anti
to
finally
polish with the sandpaper 2-3 times over the 0.05
mms.
2.4 The damper winding breaks
down.
The damper winding of synchro
motor rotor is provided for synchro motor starting
to use
and wipe - out run - time at the
same time amid spark because of loading to change
of out of step
the damper winding in
the process to incise the magnetic field of stator
revolution but
induced very big
starting current in the synchro motor, so the big
current by all means will
result in
damping hair thermal expansion, under the normal
condition because of starting time
short, the damper winding starting is
behind soon will cool off, but block up revolution
in the
motor, lack phase, start the
super - in time to length ways wait a condition
down, if don't shut
down in time, will
result in the damping take off soldering to split
etc. damper
winding is weaker link in
the synchro motor parts, the damper winding
familiar fault has:The
damping takes
off soldering and split, the damping ring
discharges wildfire, damping ring the
strain is faults will effect the
starting of synchro motor. The damping takes off
soldering and chooses silver actinium
welding rod and adopts oxyacetylene welding to
weld,
the dynamo after taking out the
core heats into rotor 200 Celsius degrees set
rotor vertical in the
oven, after
taking out and adopt 750 Celsius degrees to or
soly weld temperature, damping and
the
blind side of of damping ring complete solderings
are full, clear a soldering dirt again, For
split
of
the
damping
,
after
dismantling
original
damping,
choose
the
material
of
material
homology
and
adopt
the
above-mentioned
method
to
weld
after
packing
good
g
ring the wildfire is mainly what damping ring
indirectly touches bad or get
in
touch
with
area
isn't
enough
to
result
in.
Damping
ring
the
strain
seriously
is
mainly
a
damping to fix anticoincidence in the
slot, the damping plugs into damping ring while
welding
hole falsely, appear additional
stress after welding, at plus damping ring
intensity not enough to,
treatment is
loose open all connectivity bolts of damping
rings, vs strain anti big of damping
ring, after oxyacetylene welding
heating adjust with the exclusive use fixture
even, vs strain
serious replace a new
damping of ring.
3 Conclusion
When the synchro motor appears fault,
cautiously analytical possible reason, gradually
expel,
look
into
related
data
when
it's
necessary,
absorb
experience,
propose
corrective
ical
the
dynamo
fault
not
only
need
to
have
firm
theory
knowledge
and
experience
of
prolific
maintenance
repairs,
but
also
need
to
aim
at
concrete
fault,
deep
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