-
amid
the middle of, among
在
…
之中
* disastrous
a. extremely
bad; terrible
灾难性的，糟透的
lord
n. (in Britain) title
of some officials of very high
rank
（英）大臣；大人，阁下
admiralty
n. (the
A
～
)(in Britain) government
department in charge of the navy
（英）海军部
campaign
n. 1. a series of planned military
actions
战役
2. a
planned series of activities, esp. in politics and
business
运动
bloody
a. 1. very violent,
with a lot of wounding and killing
血腥的
2. covered
with blood
血污的
mission
n. 1. (usu.
military) duty or purpose for which people are
sent somewhere
［常指军事］任务
2.
天职，使命
privately
ad. 1. not
publicly
非公开地
2.
personally; secretly
在涉及私（个）人方面；秘密地
private
a. 1. personal;
secret
私（个）人的；秘密的
2. not public
非公开的
disaster
n. (a)sudden great misfortune
灾难，天灾；祸患
* grief
n. a feeling of extreme sadness
悲哀
* grieve
v. suffer from grief or great sadness <
/p>
（为
…
而）悲伤；伤心
< br>
retreat
n. 1. a place
into which one can go for peace and safety
隐居处
2.
撤退；避难
vi. move
back or leave a center of fighting or other
activity
撤退；退避
muse, Muse
n. 1. (in Greek
mythology) one of the nine goddesses of poetry,
music, etc.
缪斯（希腊神话中司
文艺的九位女神
之一）
2. a force or person
that inspires sb. to write, paint, etc.
创作灵感
rescue
n. help which gets sb. out of a
dangerous or unpleasant situation
救助；救援
vt.
救助；救援
sister-in-
law
n. sister of one's husband or wife
姑子；姨子；嫂子；弟媳
sketch
v. make a quick,
rough drawing (of sth.)
素描，速写
n.
素描，速写
watercolo(u)r
n.
水彩（颜料）；水彩画
magic
n.
魔法，法术
a.
有魔力的
* distract
vt. (from) take
(one's mind, sb.) off sth.
转移（注意力）
;
使转移注意力
* canvas
n. 1. a piece of strong heavy cloth
used for an oil painting
帆布画布
2. a
completed oil painting
油画
* contemplate
vt. look at in
a serious or quiet way, often for some time
（默默地）注视，凝视
blank
a. 1. without writing, print or other
marks
空白的
2.
expressionless
；
without
understanding
无表情的；茫然的
unaccustomed
a. not used (to
sth.); not usual
（对某物）不习惯的；不寻常的
accustomed
a. regular; usual
惯常的，通常的
hesitantly
ad. not doing
sth. quickly or immediately for one's uncertainty
or worry about it
犹豫不决地
infinite
a. extremely great
in degree or amount; without limits or end
无限的；极大的
precaution
n. 1. carefulness
防备，预防
2. an
action taken to avoid sth. dangerous or unpleasant
预防措施
bean
n.
豆；蚕豆
motorcar
n. a car
汽车
alarm
vt. excite with sudden fear or anxiety
使惊恐；使忧虑
n. 1. a
sudden feeling of fear or anxiety
惊恐；忧虑
2. a
warning of danger
警报
plunge
vi. (into, in) 1.
rush suddenly and deeply into sth.
投身于
2. suddenly
fall in a particular direction
纵身投入；一头扎入
fierce
a. 1. angry, violent and cruel
暴怒的；凶猛的；残酷的
2.
(of heat, strong feelings) very great
强烈的
* slash
n. a long sweeping cut or blow
砍；挥击
vt. cut with
long sweeping forceful
strokes
；
move or force with
this kind of cutting movement
砍，
砍击；猛挥
absolutely
ad.
completely
；
without
conditions
完全地；绝对地
* terrify
vt. fill with
terror or fear
恐吓，使惊吓
* wretched
a. very unhappy
or unfortunate
不幸的；可怜的
victim
n. sb. or sth. hurt
or killed as a result of other people's actions,
or of illness, bad luck, etc.
牺牲
者，受害者；牺牲品
* fury
n. 1. a wildly
excited state (of feeling or activity)
狂热；激烈
2. (a state
of) very great anger
狂怒
artistic
a. 1. of.
concerning art or artists
艺术的；艺术家的
2. made
with inventive skill or imagination
富有艺术性的
companion
n. mate; one who associates with or
accompanies another
同伴；伴侣
beloved
a. much loved;
darling
深爱的；亲爱的
overcome
vt. 1. (often
pass.) (by, with) (of feelings) take control and
influence one's behavior
［常被动］
（感
情等）压倒，使受不了
2.
win a victory over; defeat
克服；战胜
* refuge
n. (a place that provides) protection
or shelter from harm, danger or unhappiness
避难（所）；庇
护（所）
alas
int. a cry expressing
grief, sorrow or fear
唉（表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等）
*
revive
v. 1. regain strength,
consciousness, life,
etc.
；
bring (sb. or sth.)
back to strength, consciousness,
life,
etc.
（使）复苏；（使）重振活力
2. become active, popular, or
successful again
恢复生机；复兴；重新流行
glow
n. a feeling of warmth or pleasure
热烈
vi. emit a
soft light
发光
amateur
a. & n. (a person
who is) not professional
业余（水平）的（运动员、艺术家等）
entry
n. 1. a person or
thing taking part in a competition, race, etc.
参赛一员
2. entrance;
the act of entering or the right to enter
进入；进入权
*
anonymous
a.
(of
a
person)
with
name
unknown
；
(of
a
letter,
painting,
etc.)
written
or
created
by
an
unidentified person
名字不详的；匿名的
disqualify
vt. make or
declare unfit, unsuitable, or unable to do sth.
取消
…
的资格；使不适合；使不能
rely
vi. (on, upon)
1. have trust or confidence (in)
信任；信赖
2. depend
with full trust or confidence
依赖
* historian
n. a person who studies history and/or
writes about it
历史学家
* barren
a. (of land)
unproductive
（土地等）贫瘠的，荒芜的
awaken
vt. 1. (to) cause to
become conscious of
使意识到
2. cause to wake up
唤醒
* menace
n. a threat or danger
威胁
abundant
a. plentiful; more than enough
丰富的；充足的
abundance
n. a great quantity; plenty
丰富；充裕；大量
odd
a. 1. (infml.) (after numbers) a little
more than the stated number
［常用以构成复合词］<
/p>
…
以上
的；
…<
/p>
出头的
2. strange or
unusual
奇特的；古怪的
3.
奇数的，单数的
existence
n. the state of
existing
存在；实有
*
pastime
n.
hobby
；
sth. done to pass time
in a pleasant way
消遣，娱乐
Phrases and Expressions
pay
the price
experience sth. unpleasant
because one has done sth. wrong, made a mistake,
etc.
付出代价
come to
sb.'s rescue
help sb. when he/she is in
danger or difficulty
解救某人，救助某人
chance
upon
meet by chance; find by chance
偶然碰见；偶然发现
try
one's hand
attempt (to do sth.), esp.
for the first time
尝试
plunge into
begin to do sth.
suddenly; enter without hesitation
突然或仓促地开始某事；突然冲入
before one knows it
before
one has time to consider the course of events
转眼之间，瞬息之间
fall
upon
attack fiercely
猛攻，猛扑
take refuge
seek protection from danger or
unhappiness
避难
rely on
trust, or
confidently depend on
依赖，依靠
fall from office
lose a
position of authority to which sb. was elected or
appointed
离位，下台
awaken to
cause to become
conscious of
使意识到
bear fruit
produce
successful results
结果实；有成果
date from
have existed since
始自
keep sb.
company
stay with sb. so that he/she is
not alone
陪伴某人
第二单元
excel
v. (at) be the beat or better others
(at sth.)
胜过他人
savings
n. money saved, esp.
in a bank
积蓄；存款
heartbreaking
a. which
causes great sorrow
令人悲痛的，令人心碎的
costly
a. expensive, costing
a lot of money
代价高昂的；昂贵的
sacrifice
n. loss or giving
up of sth. of value, esp. for what is believed to
be a good purpose
牺牲
vt.
牺牲
risk
n. (of) a
danger
；
sth. that might have
undesirable results
危险；风险
vt. place in a dangerous situation
使遭受危险；冒
…
的风险
cope
vi. (with) deal
successfully (with a difficult situation)
（妥善地）应付或处理
succession
n. a series or
the act of following one after the other
（前后相接的）一系列，一连串；连续
successive
a. following each
other closely
接连的，连续的，相继的
*foster
a.
收养孩子的；寄养的
vt.
收养；照料
scholarship
n. 1.
奖学金
2.
学识；学术成就
owe
vt. (to) 1. have sth.
(usually sth. good) because of
把
…
归功于
2. have to pay, for sth. already done
or given
欠
owing
a. (to) still to be paid
未付的，欠着的
motivate
vt. (often pass.) 1. provide (sb.) with
a (strong) need, purpose or reason for doing sth.
[
常被动
]
激
发
…
的积极性
2.
使有动机
*surge
vi. move, esp.
forward, in or like powerful waves
（如浪潮般）
汹涌；奔腾
n.
（感情等的）洋溢或奔放
constitute
vt. 1. form or
make up
形成；构成
2.
formally establish or appoint
组建；选派
constitution
n. 1. the act
of establishing, making, or setting
up
；
constituting
制定；设立；组成
2.
(often cap.) [
常大写
]
宪法；法规；章程
*constitutional
a. allowed
or limited by a political constitution
宪法规定的；合乎宪法的
grind
n. (AmE, often derog.) a student who is
always working
（美）
［常贬义］用功的学生，书呆子
vt.
磨；磨碎
*stereotype
n. a fixed
pattern which is believed to represent a type of
person or event
固定形式，老套
misplace
vt. 1. lose
(sth.),usu. for only a limited time
（暂时）丢弃
2. put in
an unsuitable or wrong place
把
…
放错地方
refugee
n. sb. who has been
forced to leave their country for political reason
or during a war
难民；流亡
者
*resent
vt. feel anger and
dislike about sth.
对
…
表示愤恨
label
vt. 1. describe as
belonging to a particular kind or class
把
…
称为；把
…
列为
2.
加标签于；用标签标明
n.
标签
minority
n. 1. a small part of a population
which is different from others in race, religion,
etc.
少数民族；
少数派
2. the small number or
part
；
less than half
少数
minor
a.
较少的，较小的
*discrimination
n. 1. the
practice of unfairly treating sb. or sth.
区别对待；歧视
2. the
ability to recognize the difference between two
things
识别力；辨别力
reverse discrimination
the
making of distinctions in favour of groups
considered disadvantaged or underprivileged
逆向
歧视，反其道而行之的歧视
*discriminate
v. 1.
(against, in favor of) unfairly treat one person
or group worse or better than others
有差别地
对待
2. see or make a difference between
things or people
区别，辨别，区分
contrast
n. (to, with) a
strong difference between two people, objects or
situations
对比；对照
v. examine (two things) in order to
find or show differences
对比；对照
exclude
vt. keep out from a place or an
activity
阻止
…
进入；把<
/p>
…
排斥在外
exclusion
n. the act of
excluding or fact of being excluded
拒绝；排斥
exclusive
a. (of) not taking into account
< br>；
without
；
exclu
ding
不算；不包括；把
…
排斥在
外
exclusively
ad.
only
；
and nothing/no one else
排斥其他地；专有地；单独地
immigrant
n. a person who
has come to live in a country from abroad
移民；侨民
prejudice
n. unfair and usually unfavorable
feeling or opinion about a
group
—
e.g.a nationality or
race
歧
视；偏见；成见
series
n.
1.
(of)
a
set
or
group
of
things
of
the
same
kind
or
related
in
some
way,
coming
one
after
another or in order
系列；连接
2.
丛书；广播（或电视）系列节目
fascinating
a. having great
attraction or charm
吸引人的；迷人的
*fascinate
vt. (with) charm
powerfully
；
be very
interesting to
强烈地吸引；迷住
disturbing
a. causing worry
or fright
令人不安的；令人烦恼的
disturb
vt. 1. break the
peace or order of
扰乱；打扰
2. cause to become anxious or upset
使心神不安；使烦恼
*disturbance
n. 1. an act of
disturbing or the state of being disturbed
打扰；扰乱
2. sth.
that disturbs
造成干扰的事物
kindergarten
n. a school or
class for young children, usu. between the ages of
four and six
幼儿园
*counterpart
n. a person or
thing that has the same purpose or does the same
job as another in a different system
对应的人（或物）；对手（方
)
battery
n. 1. (of) a set or
number of things of the same kind occurring in
rapid succession
一组；一系列
2.
电池（组）
*converge
vi. (of two or
more things) come together towards the same point
（在一点上）会合；集中
the
bottom line
the basic point
基本要点
imbue
v. (with)(usu. pass.) to fill with
(sth., often a strong feeling or opinion)
< br>［常被动］灌输（某种强
烈的情感或意见）
*offspring
n. a child or
children from particular parents
子女；后代
critical
a. 1. providing a careful judgment of
the good and bad qualities of sth.
判断（或评价）审慎的
2.
批判的
3.
关键的
criticize
(-cise)
v. 1. make judgments about the
good or bad points of
评论
2. judge with
disapproval
；
point out the
faults of
批评；指责
criticism
n. unfavorable
judgment or expression of disapproval
批评；指责
curriculum
n. the program of study offered in a
school, college, etc.
课程，大纲
factor
n. any of the facts,
conditions, influences, etc. that act with others
to bring about a result
因素，
要
素
outstanding
a. 1. better
than others, very good
杰出的；优秀的
2. easily
seen, important
显要的；重要的
*heritage
n. a tradition,
custom, or quality which is passed down over many
years within a family, social
group, or
nation and which is thought of as belonging to all
its members
继承物，遗产；传统
philosophy
n.
哲学
sage
n. sb., esp. an old man or historical
person, known for his wisdom and long experience
圣贤；哲
人
primary
a. 1. chief, main
主要的
2. earliest
in time or order of development
最初的
ingredient
n. 1. one of the essential parts of a
situation
因素；要素
2.
成分
central
a. 1. chief, main,
of greatest importance
主要的，最重要的
2. being
(at, in, or near) the center
（位居）中心的
*orientation
n. a direction
or position
取向；方位；定位
*repay
vt.
reward
；
pay back
偿还；回报
obligation
n. sth. that one must do out of a duty
or promise
义务；责任
guilt
n. 1. the feelings
produced by knowledge or belief that one has done
wrong
内疚
2. the
fact of having broken a moral rule or official law
罪（行）
bond
n. 1. sth. that unites two or more
people, or groups, such as a shared feeling or
interest
联结；
联系
2.
公债，债券
3.
合约
crawl
vi. & n.
爬（行）
horrify
vt. shock
greatly
；
fill with horror
吓；使感惊骇
unhealthy
a. 1. likely to cause illness or poor
health
有碍健康的
2.
not very strong or well, often ill
体弱多病的，不结实的，不健康的
*naivea. 1. too willing to believe or
trust
轻信的
2.
without experience (as of social rules or
behaviour), esp. because one is young
幼稚的；
天真的
*transplant
vt. move sth.
from one place and plant, settle or establish
elsewhere
移植；移居
recommendation
n. 1.
suggestion, piece of advice
建议
2.
推荐信
vacation
n. (esp. AmE) holiday
假期；休假
vastly
ad. 1. very greatly
非常大地
2.
广阔地
vast
a. 1. very large and wide
广阔的；广大的
2. great
in amount
大量的
positive
a. 1. (of people)
sure, having no doubt about sth.
无疑问的；确定的
2.
certain, beyond any doubt
肯定的
3. (of a
statement) direct
正面的
span
n. 1. the length of
time over which a stated thing continues or works
well
持续时间
2.
跨度；跨距
attention
span
a length of time over which one
can concentrate
注意力的持续时间
Phrases and Expressions
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