基础医学英语词汇

.

常见医学单词：

BSL Blood Sugar Level

血糖水平

anti-coagulation

抗凝

CHF Congestive Heart Failure

充血性心力衰竭

constrict / constriction

收缩

RBC Red Blood Cell

dilate / dilation

舒张

WBC White Blood Cell

negative

阴性

Platelet

血小板

positive

阳性

Plasma/serum

血浆

myocardium

心肌

Consciousness

意识

coronary artery

冠状动脉

Hypoxia

缺氧

ventricle

心室

Osmotic pressure

渗透压

atrium

心房

Colloid Osmotic pressure

胶体渗透压

blood supply

血供

Spinal column

脊柱

BT bleeding time

出血时间

Acidosis

酸中毒

Alkalosis

碱中毒

CT clotting time

凝血时间

Pulmonary edema

肺水肿

water-soluble

水溶性

nerve

神经

fat-soluble

脂溶性

Oxygen

氧气

pulmonary arterial / vein

肺动< /p>

/

静脉

Carbon dioxide

二氧化碳

elastic

有弹性的

Stomach

胃

tissue

组织

Gastric contents

胃内容物

aorta

主动脉

Risk factor

危险因素

exchange

交换

Flushed skin

皮肤发红

gallbladder

胆囊

Pallor

苍白

lung

肺

...

.

Dizziness

头晕

kidney

肾

Nausea

恶心

cardiac output

心输出量

Vomit

呕吐

peripheral resistance

外周阻力

Seizure

惊厥

systolic blood pressure

收缩压

Enema

灌肠

diastolic blood pressure

舒张压

Electrolyte

电解质

normal range

正常范围

Fluid and electrolyte imbalance

水电解质紊乱

capillary

毛细血管

BUN blood urea nitrogen

血尿素氮

circulatory system

循环系统

Blood gas

血气

release

释放

Hormone

激素

superficial

表浅的

Protein

蛋白质

blood volume

血容量

Albumin

白蛋白

bradycardia

心动过缓

Glucose

葡萄糖

tachycardia

心动过速

Hemoglobin

血红蛋白

valve

瓣膜

Sternum

胸骨

forearm

前臂

Rib

肋骨

breast

胸部，乳房

Liver

肝

armpit

腋窝

Spleen

脾

groin

腹股沟

Pancreas

胰腺

prevent

预防

Iron

鉄

bloodstream

血流

Calcium

钙

fiber

纤维

Magnesium

镁

acute

急性的

...

.

Sodium

钠

diarrhea

腹泻

Potassium

钾

Antibody-antigen complex

抗原抗体复合物

Bone marrow

骨髓

myocardial infarction

Transplant

移植

low-grade fever

低热

Blurred vision

视力模糊

chill

寒战

Spontaneous

自主的

urticaria

风疹

Dysrhythmia

心律不齐

inhibitor

抑制剂

GI irritation

胃肠刺激

inflammation

炎症

Intake and output

出入量

angioplasty

血管扩张术

Hypokalemia

低血钾

normal saline

生理盐水

Hyperkalemia

高血钾

circulatory overload

循环负担过重

Hypotension

低血压

shortness of breath

气短

Hypertension

高血压

restless

烦躁不安

Antihypertensive

抗高血压药

rapid and thready pulse

脉搏细速

Headache

头痛

orthopnea

端坐呼吸

Urinary retention

尿储留

pallor/ cyanosis

苍白

Angina pectoris

心绞痛

chest pain

central venous pressure

中心静脉压

Sublingual

舌下的

Fowler

’

s position

端座卧位

Oral

口服的

Semi- Fowler

’

s position

半座卧位

Topical

局部的

dyspnea

呼吸困难

Calcium channel blocker

钙离子通道阻滞剂

diuretics

利尿剂

Mucosa

粘膜

impaired

受损的

...

.

Orthostatic hypotension

体位性低血压

pink and frothy sputum

粉红色泡沫样痰

Hypoglycemia

低血糖

yellow sputum

黄痰

Hyperglycemia

高血糖

blood-streaked sputum

血丝痰

Hypovolemia

低血容量

mucoid sputum

黏液痰

Hypervolemia

高血容量

breathing pattern

呼吸模式

Preload and afterload

（心脏的）前后负荷

sterile

无菌的

Dehydration

脱水

container

容器

Uric acid

尿酸

cool clammy skin

皮肤湿冷

Sign

体征

preventive

预防性的

Symptom

症状

bronchitis

支气管炎

Symptom free/ asymptomatic

无症状

pneumonia

肺炎

Monitor

监测

concentration

浓度

Constipation

便秘

barrel chest

桶状胸

Skin rash

皮疹

distended neck vein

颈静脉怒张

Heparin

肝素

external irritant

外界刺激物

Warfarin

华法林

endocrine system

内分泌系统

Hemorrhage

大出血

insulin

胰岛素

Therapy

疗法

absorption

吸收

Alcohol

酒精

reabsorption

再吸收

Anemia

贫血

shock

休克

Folic acid

叶酸

trauma

外伤

Allergic reaction

过敏反应

complication

并发症

...

.

Bile

胆汁

compensatory

代偿的

Bile acid

胆汁酸

Cholesterol

胆固醇

Obesity

肥胖症

Stuffy nose

鼻塞

collect sputum and blood specimen for culture and sensitivity tests

收

集痰血标本做细菌培养和药敏

COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

慢性阻塞性肺疾病

DM Diabetes Mellitus

糖尿病

Gestational diabetes

妊娠糖尿病

Ketone body

酮体

Ketoacidosis

酮症酸中毒

Insulin resistant

胰岛素耐受

Carbohydrate

碳水化合物

Mechanism

机制，机理

IDDM (Type 1) insulin-dependant diabetes mellitue

胰岛素依赖性糖尿病

NIDDM (Type 2) non-insulin-dependant diabetes mellitue

非胰岛素依赖性

糖尿病

Glucose Tolerance Test

糖耐量试验

Oral anti- diabetic medications

口服降糖药

PVD peripheral vascular disease

外周血管病

Arterioatherosclerosis

动脉粥样硬化

CAD coronary artery disease

冠心病

CVD cerebral vascular disease

脑血管病

Polyuria

多尿

Ulcer

溃疡

Gangrene

坏疽

Fatigue

疲乏

Blurred vision

视力模糊

Fasting blood sugar

空腹血糖

2-hour post-prandial glucose

餐后两小时血糖

Hemoglobin

血红蛋白

Metabolic acidosis

代谢性酸中毒

Respiratory acidosis

呼吸性酸中毒

Ketonuria

酮尿

Sweet breath odor

烂苹果味呼吸

Mental confusion

精神错乱

Slurred speech

说话含糊不清

Wound healing

伤口愈合

Renal function

肾功能

Renal failure

肾衰

Uremia

尿毒症

Creatinine

肌酐

...

.

Urea

尿素

Internal

内部的

External

外部的

Itching

痒

BUN blood urea nitrogen

血尿素氮

Carbon dioxide combining power

二氧化碳结合力

Urine gravity

尿比重

Bleeding tendency

出血倾向

Injury

外伤

Patency

开放，通畅

Bed sore

褥疮

Skin care

皮肤护理

Paraplegia

截瘫

Pacemaker

起搏器

Elevate

抬高

Pitting edema

凹陷型水肿

Sodium- restricted diet

限钠饮食

Interstitial space

组织间隙

Extremity

四肢，肢端

Deficiency

缺乏，不足

Blood transfusion

输血

GI irritation

胃肠刺激

Pleural space

胸膜腔

Fluctuate

波动

Kink

弯曲，折住

Water-seal chamber

水封瓶

Subcutaneous emphysema

皮下气肿

Airtight

密封的

Sharp pain

锐痛

Dull pain

钝痛

Burning pain

灼痛

Radiating pain

放射痛

各科室名称：

medical department; department of internal medicine:

内科

surgical department; department of surgery:

外科

department of obstetrics and gynecology :

妇产科

ophtalmology department:

眼科

dental department:

牙科

ENT(ear-nose- throat)department:

耳鼻喉科

urology department:

泌尿科

dermatology department; skin department:

皮肤科

orthopedic surgery department:

矫形外科

...

.

traumatology department:

创伤外科

plastic surgery:

整形外科

anesthesiology department:

麻醉科

pathology department:

病理科

cardiology department:

心脏病科

psychiatry department:

精神病科

orthopedics department:

骨科

department of cardiac surgery:

心脏外科

department of cerebral surgery:

胸外科

neurology department:

神经科

neurosurgery department:

神经外科

thoracic surgery department:

脑外科

department of traditional Chinese medicine:

中医科

registration office:

挂号处

out-patient department:

门诊部

in-patient department:

住院部

nursing department:

护理部

consulting room:

诊室

waiting room:

候诊室

emergency room:

急诊室

admitting office:

住院处

operation room:

手术室

X-ray department:

放射科

blood bank:

血库

dispensary; pharmacy:

药房

ward:

病房

laboratory:

化验室牤

Department of Nephrology

肾内科

Department of Chemotherapy

化疗科

Department of Radiotherapy

放疗科

Department of Endocrinology

内分泌科

Respiratory medicine

呼吸科

Rheumatology

风湿科

Hematology

血液科

Geriatrics

老年科

Neurology

神经科

Oncology

肿瘤科

Thoracic surgery

胸外科

Urology

泌尿外科

Neurosurgery

神经外科

Vascular surgery

周围血管外科

Gastroenterology

肠胃外科

Hepatobiliary surgery

肝胆外科

General surgery

普外科

...

.

Orthopedics

骨科

Cardiovascular surgery

心外科

Burns surgery

烧伤科

Hand surgery

手外科

Plastic surgery

整形外科

Pediatric surgery

儿外科

Obstetrics and gynecology

妇产科

Stomatology

口腔科

Ophthalmology

眼科

Infectious disease

感染科

Dermatology

皮肤科

Otorhinolaryngology (ENT)

耳鼻喉科

Nuclear medicine

核医学科

Psychiatry

精神科

Medical rehabilitation

康复科

Anesthesiology

麻醉科

Radiology

放射科

Ultrasonography

超声科

Pain management

疼痛科

Pharmacology

药理科

Internal Medicine

内科

...

.

常见护理英语

80

< br>句

一．

Receiving the patient

（接待病人）

do you do? / Good morning!

您好！

（初次见面时使用）

/

早上好！

2.

What can I do for you? /Can I help you?

您需要我帮助吗？

3

．

I

’

ll bring you to your bedside, please follow me. This is your bed..

我要领 您到床边去

.

请跟我来

.

这是您的床位

.

toilet is over there.

卫生间在那边

supply hot water.

我们供应热水

wait a moment. I

’

ll let your doctor know. / I

’

ll inform your doctor.

请等一会儿

,

我去 通知医生

.

is the nurse /doctor in charge of you.

玛丽是您的负责护士

/< /p>

医生

8.

Please let us know if you need any help.

您需要帮助时，请告诉我们

.

9.

Smoking is not allowed here.

这里不允许吸烟

二

.information collection (

收集信息

)

you mind if I ask you a few questions?

您介意我问您几个问题吗

?

11. We need some information from you.

我们需要从您这儿收集一些信息

.

12. Is your tummy still sore?

您的肚子还疼吗

?

13. Does your pain come on after or before meals?

您的疼痛是在饭前还是饭后发作？

14. Does it hurt to pass urine? /when I press here?

排尿时痛吗？

/

当我按压这儿时

痛吗？

15. Does your back ache?

您的后背痛吗？

your feet swell?

您的脚肿了吗？

17. Do you have a cough/fever?

您咳嗽吗？

/

您有发热吗？

18. Do you bring up any sputum?

您咳痰吗？

19. Is there any radiation of the pain? (to the shoulder)

有放射（到肩部的）痛吗？

20. How long have you had the pain?

您的痛有多长时间了？

21. When did the pain start? /where is your pain?

疼痛从什么时候开始的

/

什么地方

疼痛？

22. Are your periods regular?

您的月经规则吗？

三．

Physical examination

（查体）

you please undress for medical examination?

请您脱下衣服做体检好吗？

24. Take off your clothes, please.

请把衣服脱下来

down on the couch, please. /Just lie still on the couch and relax.

请躺在治疗床上

./

请安静地躺在治疗床上

,

放松

.

your knees, please.

请屈膝

.

your mouth and say

’

ah

张开口

,

说

:

啊

deeply, please./take a deep breath, please.

请深呼吸

I examine your tummy, please?

我要检查下您的肚子

,

好吗

?

up your sleeves, please.

请卷起袖子

.

...

.

四．

Communication. (

交流

)

31.I

am

going

to

take

your

temperature./Please

put

the

thermometer

under

your

armpit.

我要测一下您的体温

/

请把体温计放在您的腋下

.

me feel your pulse.

让我测一下您的脉搏

.

33. I

’

ll test/take your blood pressure.

我要测量您的血压

.

34. I

’

m afraid I have to prick your finger and take a drop of blood for blood sugar

level.

我要取一滴指血做血糖测定

,

需要刺一下手指

.

35. I

’

ll take some blood from your arm now.

现在我要从您的胳膊抽血

.

36. Don

’

t take any thing by mouth after midnight until the blood is drawn tomorrow

morning.

半夜之后不要吃喝任何东西，明天早上抽血

.

37.

Please

bring

a

specimen

of

your

urine/stool/sputum./

please

collect

your

mid-stream specimen of urine.

请留一份尿

/

便

/

痰的标本

/

请收 集您的中段尿

.

38. Please have your blood and urine tests done.

请做一下您的血和尿试验

.

39. You are going to have a CT-scan of your chest/head today.

今天您要做一个胸部

/

头部

CT.

40. You are going to have a chest X-ray this morning.

今天早上您要拍一个胸片

.

41. You are going to have a B-mode ultrasonic exam. Please keep your bladder full.

您要做

B

超检查

,

请留尿

,

使膀胱充盈

.

42. You are going to have an gastric endoscopy tomorrow morning. Please don

’

t eat

or drink

anything after 12 o

’

clock tonight.

明天上午您要做胃镜检查，今晚

12

点之后，请不要

43. You are going to have urine catheterization now.

现在您需要导尿

.

44. I

’

m going to do an ECG for you.

我要给您做心电图

.

45.

I

’

m

going

to

put

a

gastric

tube

into

your

stomach,

this

is

for

gastrointestinal

decompression.

我要放胃管到您的胃内，这是胃肠减压

.

We can feed you the necessary nutrients through the tube. Please swallow the tube

as I put it down.

我们通过胃管给您必要的 营养

.

当我放管时

,

< br>请做吞咽动作

.

46. I

’

m going to make your bed. / we

’

ll change the bed linen at once.

我要给您整

理床铺

/

我们马上给您换床单

.

47.I

’

ll apply a cold(hot) compress to your ankle.

我要给您的踝 部冷

/

热敷

operation will be done tomorrow/ an emergency operation must be done now.

Will you please sign to give your permission for your operation?

明天将做手术

/

现在马上做急诊手术

.

同意手术请您签字好吗？

49. I

’

m going to shave your skin. / I

’

m going to do skin preparation for you.

我

要给您做备皮

/

我要给您做皮肤准备。

50. You

’

re going to have a local/general/epidural anesthesia.

/

全身

麻醉

/

硬膜外麻醉

.

51. Are you allergic to any medication?/ penicillin?

您对什么药物

/

青霉素过敏吗

?

...