数字电路常见术语表

PICmicro? 单片机上的一种定时器，

在选定时间段之后将处理器复位。

用配 置位将

WDT

使能或禁止，或进行设置。

ASIC: Application Specific Integrated Circuit.

专用

IC

CPLD:

Complex Programmable Logic Device.

复杂可编程逻辑器件

EDA:

Electronic Design Automation.

电子设计自动化

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FPGA:

Field Programmable Gate Array.

现场可编程

门阵列

GAL:

Generic Array Logic.

通用阵列逻辑

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HDL:

Hardware Description Language.

硬件描述语言

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IP:

Intelligent Property.

智能模块

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PAL:

Programmable Array Logic.

可编程阵列逻辑

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RTL:

Register Transfer Level.

寄存器传输级描述）

SOC:

System On a Chip.

片上系统

SLIC:

System Level IC.

系统级

IC

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VHDL:

Very

high

speed

integrated

circuit

Hardware

Description

Language.

超高速集成电路硬件描述语言

A

ASIC

（专用集成电路）

Application-Specific

Integrated

Circuit.

A

piece

of

custom-designed

hardwain

a chip.

专用集成电路。一个在一个芯片上定制设计的硬 件。

address bus

（地址总线）

A set of electrical lines connected to the processor and all of the peripher

als withwhich itcommunicates. The address bus is used by the processor to

select

aspecific

memory

location

or

register

within

a

particular

peripheral.

If the address bus contains n electrical lines, the processor can uniquely

address up to 2^n such locations.

一个连接处理器与所有外设的，用来通讯的电

子线路集。地址总线被处理器用 来选择在特定外设中的存储器地址或寄存器。如果地

址总线有

n

条电子线路，处理器能唯一寻址高达

2^n

的地址空间。

application software

（应用软件）

Describes software modules specific to a particular embedded project. The

application software is unlikely to be reusable across embedded platforms,

simply because each embedded system has a different application.

用来描述一个特定的嵌入式项目 中的某一软件模块。

应用软件不象可重用的交叉嵌入

式平台，只 是因为每一个嵌入式系统有不同的应用软件。

4 ^

assembler

（汇编编译器）

:

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software development tool that

translates human- readable assembly language programs into machine- language

instructions that the processor can understandand execute.

一个 能把人可读的汇编语言程序转换到处理器可理解和运行的机器指令的软件开发

工具。

assembly language

（汇编语言）

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A

human-readable

form

of

a

processor

instruction

set.

Most

processor-specific functions must be written in assembly language.

一种人可读的处理器 指令集的形式。

大多数处理器相关的功能必须用汇编语言编写。

!

B

BSP

（板卡支持包）

See board support package.

见

board support package

。

binary semaphore(

二元信号

)

A type of semaphore with just two states. Also called a mutex.

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j

一种只有两种状态的信号。也叫互斥信号。

board support package

（板卡支持包）

Part of a software package

that is processor or platform- dependent. Typicall

y,sample

source

code

for

the

board

support

package

is

provided

by

the

package

developer.

The

sample

code

must

be

modified

as

necessary,

compiled,

and

linked

with the remainder of the software package.

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软件包的具有平台依赖性的那一部分。典型地 ，板卡支持包的样例源程序由包开发者

提供。样例源程序必须能在需要时被修改、编译并 与软件包的剩下的部分连接起来。

bond-out processor

（外合处理器）

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A

special

version

of

a

processor

that

has

some

of

the

internal

signals

brought

out to external pins. A bond-out processor is most often found within an

emulator and is never intended to be used in a production system.

一种特殊版本的处理器 ，它有一些，内部的信号能传达到外置的针脚上。一个外合处

理器绝大多数情况下只用在 模拟器上，从来不会被特意用在产品系统上。

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g

Breakpoint

（断点）

A location in a program at which execution is to be stopped and control of

the processor switched to

the debugger. Mechanisms for creating and removing

breakpoints are provided by most debugging tools.

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一个在程序中的地址，

< br>在那里程序的执行被停止，

并且处理器的控制转换到了除错程

;

序。大多数除错工具提供增加与删除一个断点的机制。

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C

C ISC

（复杂指令集计算机）

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Complex Instruction Set Computer. Describes the architecture of a processor

family.

CISC

processors

generally

feature

variable-length

instructions,

multiple

addressing

formats,

and

contain

only

a

small

number

of

general-purpose

registers. Intel

example of CISC. Contrast with RISC.

复杂指令集计算机。

对一种处理器架构的描述。< /p>

CISC

处理器一般产生变长的指令，

多

种地址格式，并且仅仅有少量的通用寄存器。

Intel

的

80x86

家族是是典型的

CISC

处理器。相对于

RISC

而言。

CPU

（中央处理器）

Central

Processing

Unit.

The

part

of

a

processor

that

executes

instructions.

)

中央处理器。处理器中执行指令的那一部分。

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Compiler

（编译器）

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A

software

development

tool

that

translates

high-level

language

programs

into

the

machine-language

instructions

that

a

particular

processor

can

understand

and execute.

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把高级编程语言程序转换到只有特定的处理器能了解和执行的 机器指令的一种软件

开发包。

context

（上下文）

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The current state of the processor

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处理器当前的状态和标志。

context switch

（上下文切换）

The

process

of

switching

from

one

task

to

another

in

a

multitasking

operating

system. A context switch involves saving the context of the running ask and

restoring the previously-saved context of the other. The piece of code that

does this is necessarily processor- specific.

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在多任务操作系统中我一个任务切换到另一个的过程。

上 下文切换包括保存正在运行

的任务的上下文和恢复早先保存的另一个任务的上下文。

做这个工作的一段代码必须

具有处理器特权。

counting semaphore

（计数信号）

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A

type

of

semaphore

that

is

used

to

track

multiple

resources

of

the

same

typ

(

e.

An

attempt

to

take

a

counting

semaphore

is

blocked

only

if

all

of

the

ava

ilable

resources are in use. Contrast with binary semaphore.

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一种用来跟

踪多个相同类型资源的信号灯。仅仅在所有可用的资源都被用完了时才阻塞。 相对二

元信号而言。

critical section

（临界段）

A block of code that must be executed in sequence and without interruption