tpo句子简化题练习题

例

1

The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land

and

the

tremendous

numbers

of

people

affected,

as

well

as

from

the

great

difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process.

○Desertification is a significant problem because it is so hard to reverse and

affects large areas of land and great numbers of people.

○Slowing down the process of desertification is difficult because of population

growth that has spread over large areas of land.

○The

spread

of

deserts

is

considered

a

very

serious

problem

that

can

be

solved only if large numbers of people in various countries are involved in the

effort.

○Desertification is extremely hard to reverse unless the population is reduced

in the vast areas affected.

例

2

Importing the grain, which would have been expensive and time consuming for

the Dutch to have produced themselves, kept the price of grain low and thus

stimulated individual demand for other foodstuffs and consumer goods.

○ Buy

ing imported grain led to the Dutch demanding that other foodstuffs and

consumer goods be imported.

○ Because the Dutch were able to import inexpensive grain, they had money

available to create a demand for other food products and consumer goods.

○

Keeping

the

price

of

grain

low

was

a

primary

goal of

the

Dutch

at

a

time

when they could not produce enough grain to provide for all their needs.

○ The demand for other foodstuffs and consumer goods forced the Dutch to

import

grain

and

other

products

at

a

time

when

maintaining

low

prices

was

especially important.

例

3

Seagrass beds under the influence of strong currents tend to have many of the

lighter particles, including seagrass debris, moved out, whereas beds in weak

current areas accumulate lighter detrital material.

A. Light particles and debris collect in some seagrass beds, but are washed

out of those affected by strong currents.

B. Seagrass beds under the influence of strong currents tend to accumulate

many of the lighter particles from other beds

C. The strength of the currents determines how quickly accumulated seagrass

debris is moved out of the beds.

D.

Seagrass

debris

and

other

light

particles

are

often

moved

from

areas

of

strong currents to areas of weak currents.

例

4

Hills

and

mountains

are

often

regarded

as

the

epitome

of

permanence,

successfully resisting the destructive forces of nature, but in fact they tend to

be relatively short- lived in geological terms.

○When they are relatively young, hills and mountains successfully resist the

destructive forces of nature.

○Although

they

seem

permanent,

hills

and

mountains

exist

for

a

relatively

short period of geological time.

○Hills and mountains successfully resist the destructive forces of nature, but

only for a short time.

○Hills and mountains resist th

e destructive forces of nature better than other

types of landforms.

例

5

He

refused

to

develop

projection technology,

reasoning

that

if he made and

sold

projectors,

then

exhibitors

would

purchase

only

one

machine-a

projector-from him instead of several.

○Edison

was

more

interested

in

developing

a

variety

of

machines

than

in

developing a technology based on only one.

○Edison

refused

to

work

on

projection

technology

because

he

did

not

think

exhibitors would replace their projectors with newer machines.

○Edi

son did not want to develop projection technology because it limited the

number of machines he could sell.

○Edison would not develop projection technology unless exhibitors agreed to

purchase more than one projector from him.

例

6

In order for the structure to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its

purpose,

architecture

employs

methods

of

support

that,

because

they

are

based

on

physical

laws,

have

changed

little

since

people

first

discovered

them

—

even while building materials have changed dramatically.

○Unchanging physical laws have limited the size and strength of buildings that

can be made with materials discovered long ago.

○Building materials have changed in order to increase architectural size and

strength, but physical laws of structure have not changed.

○When

people

first

started

to

build,

the

structural

methods

used

to

provide

strength and size were inadequate because they were not based on physical

laws.

○Unlike building materials, the methods of support used in architecture have

not changed over time because they are based on physical laws.

例

7

If

the

pores

are

large,

the

water

in

them

will

exist

as

drops

too

heavy

for

surface tension to hold, and it will drain away; but if the pores are small enough,

the

water

in

them

will

exist

as

thin

films,

too

light

to

overcome

the

force

of

surface tension holding them in place; then the water will be firmly held.

○Surface tension is not strong enough to retain drops of water in rocks with

large pores but it strong enough to hold on to thin films of water in rocks with

small pores.

○Water in

rocks

is held

in

place

by

large

pores

and drains away from small

size pores through surface tension.

○Small pores and large pores both interact with surface tension to determine

whether a rock will hold water as heavy drops or as a thin film.

○If

the

force

of

surface

tension

is too

weak to

hold

water in

place

as

heavy

drops, the water will continue to be held firmly in place as a thin film when large

pores exist.

例

7.5

The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land

and

the

tremendous

numbers

of

people

affected,

as

well

as

from

the

great

difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process.

○Desertification is a significant problem because it is so hard to reverse and

affects large areas of land and great numbers of people.

○Slowing down the process of desertification is difficult because of population

growth that has spread over large areas of land.

○The

spread

of

deserts

is

considered

a

very

serious

problem

that

can

be