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< br>GRE
阅读题。
1. Armtech, a temporary-
employment agency, previously gave its employees
2.5 paid vacation days after each 700
hours worked. Armtech's new policy is to
give its employees 5.0 paid vacation
days after each 1,200
hours worked. Therefore, this new
policy is more generous to Armtech
employees
in
giving
them
more
vacation
days
per
hour
worked
than
the
old
policy
did. Which of the following is an
assumption on which
the argument depends?
(A) Most current Armtech
employees approve of the company's new vacation
policy.
(B)
A
few
Armtech
employees
leave
the
company
before
having
worked
700
hours.
(C)
Most
Armtech
employees
were
not
aware
that
the
company
planned
to
change
its vacation policy until after it had
already done so.
(D) A significant portion of Armtech
employees stay with the company long
enough to work for 1,200 hours.
(E) Armtech's
new vacation policy
closely
matches the vacation policies
of
competing temporary
employment agencies.
2
The
global
population
of
frogs
has
declined
in
recent
years
while
the
amount
of ultraviolet radiation reaching the
Earth has increased. Since the genetic
material in
frog eggs is harmed when exposed to
ultraviolet radi- ation, and since the
eggs themselves are not protected by
shells or leathery coverings but are
gelatinous, the frog population decline
is probably due, at least in part, to
the ultraviolet radiation increase.
Which of the following, if true, provides
the strongest support for the argument?
(A) Even in
those regions where there has been no significant
increase in
ultraviolet radiation, only
a small proportion of the frog eggs that are laid
ever hatch.
(B) In areas
where there has been the least decline in frog
populations,
populations of species of
insects that frogs eat have decreased.
(C) The eggs of frog
species whose populations are declining tend to
have
higher concentrations of damaging
pesticides than do the eggs of frog species
whose populations have not declined.
(D) In many
places where turtles, which lay eggs with tough,
leathery
coverings, share habitats with
frogs, turtle populations are also in decline.
(E)
Populations
of
frog
species
that
hide
their
eggs
beneath
rocks
or
under
sand
have
declined
considerably
less
than
have
populations
of
frog
species
that
do not cover their eggs.
3 To improve productivity,
manufacturing companies have recently begun
restructuring work
to
produce more
goods
with
fewer assembly-line workers, and
the
companies have laid off many workers as a
consequence.
The workers laid off have been those with the
least
seniority(time on the job),
generally
the
younger statements above, if true, most strongly
support
which of the following as a
conclusion?
(A)
The products manufactured by the companies are not
undergoing design
changes while the
manufacturing jobs are being restructured.
(B) When
assembly-line workers
have made sug-
gestions
for improvements
in
manufacturing
processes,
some
suggestions
have
been
implemented,
but
many
have
not.
(C)
Assembly-line
workers
now
need
increased
reading
and
mathematical
skills
to do their jobs.
(D) Some of the
innovations
in
assembly-line
processes and procedures
that
were
made
to
increase
productivity
have
instead
proved
to
be
counterproductive.
(E) The
manufacturing companies are increasing the average
age of their
assembly-line workforce
while still seeking to increase production.
the
nineteenth
century,
Britain's
urban
popu-
lation
increased
as
its
rural population diminished. A historian theorizes
that, rather than
industrialization's
being the cause, this change resulted
from a series of migrations to urban
areas, each occasioned by a depression
in the agrarian economy. To test this
hypoth-
esis,
the
historian
will
compare
economic
data
with
population
census
data.
The historian's
hypothesis would be most strongly supported if
which of the
following were found to be
true?
(A)
The
periods
of
greatest
growth
in
the
industrial
economy
were
associated
with a relatively
rapid decline in the rural population.
(B)
The
periods
of
greatest
weakness
in
the
agrarian
economy
were
associated
with relatively
slow growth in the population as a whole.
(C) Periods
when the agrarian economy was compar- atively
strong and the
industrial economy com-
paratively weak were associated with a particu-
larly
rapid decline in the rural
population.
(D)
Periods when the agrarian and industrial econo-
mies were both strong
were associated
with particularly rapid growth in the urban
popula- tion.
(E)
The
periods
of
greatest
strength
in
the
agrarian
economy
were
associated
with relatively slow growth in the
urban population.
5 Politician
：
Each
year, small businesses create more jobs than do
large
established businesses.
Therefore, in order
to
reduce unemployment in the long
term,
we should provide incentives for starting small
businesses rather than
for expanding
established large businesses. Which of the
following, if true,
casts the most
doubt on the politician's argument?
(A) In general, people
employed by small businesses report higher job
satisfaction than do people employed by
large businesses.
(B)
Among
the
currently
unemployed
are
many
people
with
sufficient
job
skills
to
perform the jobs that small businesses would
create.
(C)
Providing
an
effective
incentive
for
starting
a
business
generally
costs
significantly less
than providing an
effective
incentive for expanding a
large
business.
(D)
A
high
proportion
of
small
businesses
fail
within
three
years
of
starting
because of their owners' inexperience.
(E) The average large business
contributes more money to politicians’
campaign funds than the average small
business does.
6 In the workplace, influenza is
typically spread by infected individuals
to
others
with
whom
they
work
in
close
quarters.
A
new
medication
that
suppresses
the symptoms of
influenza therefore will actually increase the
number of
influenza cases, because this
medication
will
allow people
who would
otherwise
be
home
in
bed
to
return
to
work
while
infected.
Which
of
the
following,
if
true,
most
seriously chal- lenges the prediction?
(A) Coughing, a symptom of
influenza that the new medication suppresses,
is a primary mechanism in the spread of
this illness.
(B) Some medications that are used to
suppress symptoms of influenza are
also
used by many people to treat
symptoms
that
are caused not
by
influenza but
by other illnesses.
(C) Many
workers who now remain at home when infected with
influenza do so
because the symptoms of
influenza prevent them from per-
forming their jobs
effectively.
(D)
Most
adults
who
are
immunized
against
influ-
enza
in
order
to
avoid
being
infected are over 65 years old and
retired and thus do not work
outside the home.
(E) Symptoms of
an illness are often the body's means of curing
itself of
the illness, and there-
fore
suppression of symptoms can prolong the illness
that causes them.
7
Editorial
：
Critics
of
nuclear
power
complain
about
the
allegedly
serious
harm
that
might
result
from
continued
operation
of
existing
nuclear
power
plants.
But
such
concerns
do
not
justify
closing
these
plants;after
all,
their
operation
has caused no more
harm than that caused by pollution generated by
coal-and
oil-burning power plants, the
most important other sources of energy. Which of
the following is an assumption on which
the argument depends?
(A) Existing nuclear power plants
should be closed only if it can be
conclusively
demonstrated
that
their
continued
operation
is
likely
to
cause
harm
more
serious than the harm their operation has already
caused.