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考研英语:翻译真题精讲
(
)
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作者:
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日期:
考研英语
:
翻译真题精讲
(1)
一、全真试题
Th
e
s
t
a
nda
rdized
e
ducation
a
l
or
psyc
< br>h
ol
o
gical
tests
that
a
r
e
wid
e
ly
u
s
e
d
t
o
aid
in
selectin
g,
classifyi
n
g
,
assig
n
ing,or
p>
pr
om
oti
n
g
s
t
ud
e
n
ts
,e
mployee
s,
a
nd
m
i
l
itary
pe
rson
n
e
l
h
av
e
b
e
en the
t
a
r
get
of
rec
e
nt
att
ac
ks
in
boo
k
s
,
ma
g
azine
s
,t
h
< br>e
da
i
ly
press
,
a
n
d
ev
e
n
i
n
Co
n
gress.
(
7
1)
The t
a
rget is wro
n
g,f
o
r
i
n
a
tt
ack
i
ng
t
he
tes
t
s
,
c
r
it
i
cs
dive
r
t
a
tte
nt
ion
f
r
om
t
h
e
fau
l
t
t
ha
t lies
wit
h
il
l
-info
r
med
o
r
i
n
c
o
mp
et
e
nt
u
sers.
T
h
e
t
e
sts
thems
el
ve
s
ar
e
mer
e
l
y to
< br>ol
s
,
wi
< br>t
h
c
haracter
p>
i
stics that
c
an be mea
s
ure
d
w
ith reasonable
p
r
e
c
i
p>
sion
under
specified
c
onditi
o
n
s.
W
het
he
r
the
res
u
lts
wil
l
b
e
v
al
ua
ble
,
m
ea
ningle
s
s
,o
r even
mi
s
l
ead
i
ng depends
p
a
r
tly
u
p
on
th
e
to
ol
itse
lf
but
largely
u
pon
th
e
use
r
.
Al
l
in
for
med
pred
i
ctions
of
f
u
t
u
re
perf
orm
ance
are
b
a
sed
u
p
o
n
so
me
know
led
ge
of
relevant
past
perfor
m
ance
:
sc
ho
o
l
g
r
a
d
p>
e
s,research produ
c<
/p>
t
i
vity,s
al
e
s
rec
< br>o
rd
s
,or wha
t
e
v
er
i
s
app
ropr
i
ate.
(
7
2)How
wel
l
t
he p
re
d
ic
tion
s
< br> wi
l
l be
valid
a
te
d
by late
r
< br>perfo
r
m
a
n
c
e
de
p
ends upon the
am
o
u
n
t
,reliabi
li
ty,an
d<
/p>
a
p
p
ropriatene
s
s
< br> o
f
t
h
e inf
or
< br>m
a
ti
o
n us
e
d
a
n
d
on
th
e
sk
i
l
l
and
wi
s
d
om
w
it
h
w
h
ic
h
i
t
i
s
in
te
rpret
ed.
An
yon
e
who
keeps ca
r
eful
s
core
kn
o
w
s
th
a
t
the info
r
ma
t
i
on
a
vaila
b
le
is
a
l
w
a
ys
i
nc
omplet
< br>e
an
d
th
a
t the
pred
i
c
ti
o
ns are
al
way
s
s
ub
j
ec
t
t
o
error
.
S
tandardized tests
s
hou
ld
be consider
ed
in
th
is
conte
xt
. They
p
p>
r
o
vid
e
p>
a
quick
o
b
je
ct
iv
< br>e
me
th
od
o
f
g
et
t
i
ng
some
k
in
d
s
o
f
in<
/p>
formati
o
n
abou
t
wha
t
a
pers
o
n
learne
d,
the skills
he ha
s
de
v
e
l
op
e
d,
o
r
t
h
e
kind
of
pe
rson
he
is. The info
rm
at
i
on so
< br>obt
ai
ne
d
has
,q
uali
t<
/p>
at
i
vely
,
t
he
s
a
me
a
d
vantages and shortcomings
a
s
o
ther
kin
ds
of
infor
m
< br>ati
on
.(
7
3
)
W
h
< br>e
ther
to
us
e
tes
ts
,
o
t
he
r
kinds
of
i
nfor
m
atio
n,or
both
i
n
a
p
ar
ti
cula
r
situati
o
n depen
p>
ds,
th
e
r<
/p>
e
f
or
e,u
p
on
th
e
e
v
iden
ce
fro
m
e
xp
e
ri
e
nce
con
cernin
g
compa
r
a<
/p>
t
ive
valid
i
ty
a
n
d
upo
n
s
u
ch f
a
cto
rs
as
c
o
st
a
nd avai
l
< br>abili
t
y.
(
74)I
n
general
,
t
h
e tests work
m
ost
ef
f
e
c
t
i
vely when
t
h
e
qu
a
li
t
i<
/p>
es
to
be
mea
s
u
r
ed
can
be
m
ost
precisely
d
ef
ined
a
nd
least
e
f
f
e
ctivel
y
when
wha
t
i
s
t
o
b
e
m
p>
e
asu
red or predica<
/p>
t
e
d
c
a
n
n
ot b
e
well
d
ef
i
n
e
d
.
P
r<
/p>
o
perl
y
u
se
d
,
t
hey
pro
vide
a
rap
i
d
m
e
a
n
s
of
g
et
ting
compa
ra
ble
information
a
bo
ut many p
e
o
p
le.
S
om
e
time
p>
s
t
hey
identify st
ud
e
nts
w
h
o
se
high
p
otenti
al
has
n
ot
be
e
n
p
r
evio
u
sly
r
e
cogniz
e
d
,
but
t
he
re
are
m
an
y
t
hings they
d
o
not d
o
< br>.
(7
5)
F
< br>or example
,
th
e
y do
no
t
co
m
p
en
s
a
te
for
g
ro
s
s
social
i
nequa
l
it
y
,and
thu
s
do
n
o
t
tell
h
ow
a
ble an u
n
derpri
v
ile
ge<
/p>
d
you
n
g
ste
r
mi
gh
t
ha
ve
be
e
n had
h
e
g
row
n
u
p
u
nder
m
ore
f
a
vora
ble
ci
r
c
u
msta
n
ce
s
.
二、翻译题解
(
71<
/p>
)T
h
e
p>
targetiswrong,fo
r
in
att
a
cking the
tes
t
s,
c
riticsdivertatte
n
t
< br>i
on fro
m
t
he
f
a
u
ltthat
l
ie
s
wi
th
i
ll-
inf
or
med or
in
c
o
m
pet
en
t
u
se
r
s.
句子拆分:
拆分点参考:标点符号
,
从属连词
Th
e
t
arge
t is
w
ron
g,
//fo
r
in
a
t<
/p>
t
acking
t
h
e
te
s
t
s
,
//cri
t
ic
s
< br>
di
vert
at
t
e
nti
on
f
ro
m
the
fault
/
/
t
h
a
t
lies
with
il
l
-i
n
f<
/p>
or
m
ed or
i
n
co
mp
etent
us
e
rs.
解析:
(
1)
句
子的主干为
Th
e
< br>t
a
r
get
< br>
is
wr
o
ng;
后面跟了个
for
引导
的状语从句。
(2)
介词短语
i
n
att
a
cking
th
e
te
s
ts
作时间状语修饰
div
e
r
t,把
f
o
r
引导
的状语从句分
隔开了,
调整下会有助于理解:
f
or
cr
i
t
ic
s
divert
a
t
ten
t
ion
fro
m
t
he
f
a
ult in
atta
c
king the
t
e
s
ts
(
3
)
the
t
ar
ge
t
指前文提到的t
h
e
s
tan
dard
i
z
e
d
edu
c
p>
ati
on
al
o
r
psy
cho
logi
ca
l
t
ests
词的处理:
the
t
arget
“目标”,根据上下文
,
翻译时应将其补充完整为“把
标准化测试作为抨击
的目标”
divert
a
tt
e
ntion fr
o
m
p>
“把注意力从…转移开来”
,
引申为“没有
注意到”
lie
w
ith在于
技巧点拨
:
(
1)
t<
/p>
h
a
t
l
i
e
s <
/p>
w
i
t
h
ill-infor
me
d
or
inco
m
p
e
t
e
n
t
users
是由
t
h
at
引导的定语从句,其
先行词是
th
e
fau
l
t
。根据定语从句的翻译方法
,
可以把这个定语从
句组合到其先行词的后面。
(2
)
ill-i
nfor
me
d
“不甚了解的
,
认识不足的”,译文
中将其转译为动词(反义词
w
el
l<
/p>
-
i
nformed
:熟悉的
,
见识广的
,
灵通的
)
。
(3
)
i
n
c
o
mpe
te
nt user
s字面意思“不适
当的使用者”,根据句意进行词性转换
,
转译为动词“使用不当
”,使译文更通顺。
完整译文:
把标准化测试作为抨击的目标是错误的,因为在抨击这类测试时,批评者没有注意到测
试的弊病在于使用测试的人对测试不甚了解或使用不当。
(
7
2)<
/p>
H
o
ww
e
p>
ll
t
he
<
/p>
p
redi
c
t
ion
s
w
il
l
b
e
va
lidated
b
y
later
pe
rf
or
m
a
n
< br>ced
e
p
e
< br>nds uponth
e
a
m
ount,
r
< br>eli
ab
ility,
and
a
ppr
o
priate
n
e
ss
o
f
t
h
e
info
rm
ation
us
e
d
an
d
o
n
the ski
l
l
an
d
w
i
s
dom
withwhi
c
hi
ti
s in
t
erprete
d
.
句子拆分:
拆分点参考
:
从属连词,过去分词,并列连词
How we
l
l
t
h
e predictions
w
i
l
l
be
validated by
l
a
ter p
e
r
fo
rma
nc
e
/
/d
epends
up
on
the am
o
un
t
, reli
p>
a
b
i
lity,
and a
p
p
r
opriateness o
f
the
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