环境科学专业词汇英语 (2)

combustible

易燃的

flammable

可燃的

explosive

易爆的

radioactive

放射性的

Landfi lling

土地填埋

incineration:

焚烧

composting:

堆肥

compaction:

压实，紧凑

sanitary landfill

卫生填埋

balance

剩下的，余额，结余

batch-fed

分批投料

refus

e

垃圾

municipal waste

城市垃圾

perform:

执行

shut down:

关闭

energy recovery

能量回收

incomplete combustion

不完全燃烧

combustion

燃烧

volume reduction

体积缩小

a naerobic

厌氧硝化

中英互译短语

Biological degradation

生化降解

equalization basin

调节池

aeration basin

曝气池

sludge blocs

污泥絮体

settling tank

沉淀池

dissolved oxygen

溶解氧

suspended- growth

悬浮生长

pulverized refuse

垃圾破碎

biofilm

生物膜

well-compacted landfill

压实填埋场

nutrient source

营养源

mass-burning

大量燃烧

fluidized fed incarceration

硫化床燃烧法

soil conditioners

土壤改良剂

温室效应

greenhouse effect

由

CO2

引起的

caust by CO2

世界碳预算

the world carbon budget

天气自然波动

natural fluctuations

全球变暖

global warming

厌氧的

anaerobic

腐烂

Putrefied

甲烷

methane

臭氧层

ozone layer

气候模型

climatic model

正常浓度

：

normal concentration

严重污染物

：

heavily polluted

决定因素

：

determining factor

光化学氧化物

：

p hotochemical oxidants

液体微滴

：

liquid particulates

含硫的

：

sulfur- containing

放射性物质：

radioactiue substance

汽车尾气

：

automobile exhaust wet oxidation

湿式氧化

1

、

Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us; that which we can see, hear,

touch, smell, and taste

.

环境是我们周围的物理和生物环境，我们 可以看到、听到、接触到、闻到和品尝到的。

2

、

Pollution can be

defined as an undesirable change in the physical, chemical, or

biological

characteristics of the air, water, or land that can harmfully affect the health, survival, or

activities of humans or other living organisms

污染可以定义为大气、水或者土壤在物 理、化学或者生物方面

的特征所产生的不愉快的变化，它对人类的健康、生存和活动或者 其他的有机体都产生了有害的影响

。

3

、

Two

examples of

interaction

between

systems that cause

major environmental disturbances are

presented-the

buildup

of

atmospheric

carbon

dioxide,

a

global

problem,

and

the

acid

rain

problem,

normally of regional nature

目 前大气中二氧化碳的增多，是一个全球性的问题，还有酸雨问题，一般来说它都具有一

定 的区域特性，这就是两个关于系统之间的相互联系而产生重大环境问题的例子。

4

、

With these improvements, however, have come disturbing side effects, such as lost arable land,

disappearing forests, environmental pollution, and new organisms resistant to controls.

经过这些进步，尽管还是有一些破坏 性的影响，例如耕地、森林的消失，环境的污染和新的生物反抗的控制

5

、

Both phenomena, urbanization and industrialization, were and are fundamental causes of water and

air pollution which the cities of that time were unable to handle.

< br>城市化和工业化两者的现象，是

过去和现在水污染和大气污染的根本原因，在过去 这些城市是处理不了的

6

、

Rapid advances in technology for the treatment of water and the partial treatment of wastewater

took place in the developed countries over the next few decades.

在接下 来的几十年理发达国家，在水治

理和部分废水治理技术方面都取得了快速的进展

。

1

、

What

Is

Air

Pollution

Air

pollution

is

normally

defined

as

air

that

contains

one

or

more

chemicals

in

high

enough

concentrations

to

harm

humans,

other

animals, vegetation

or materials.

There are

two major types of air pollutants .A primary air pollutant is a chemical added directly to the

air

that

occurs

in

a

harmful

concentration.

It

can

be

a

natural

air

component,

such

as

carbon

dioxide,

that rises above its normal concentration, or something not usually found in the air, such as a

lead compound emitted by cars burning leaded gasoline. A secondary air pollutant is a harmful

chemical formed in the atmosphere through a chemical reaction among air components. Serious air

pollution usually results over a city or other area that is emitting high levels of pollutants

during a

period of air stagnation. The geographic location of some heavily populated cities, such

as Los Angeles and Mexico City, makes them particularly susceptible to frequent air stagnation

and pollution b uildup

什么是大气污染？大气污染一般定义为含有一种或多种浓度足够高得而且对 人类、其他动物、植

物或者物质产生有害影响的物质，

有两种主 要类型的大气污染，

一次大气污染是一种化学物质直接排放到大气中并达到一定的