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常见的字母与字母组合发音规则
(
I
)
元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则
元音字母的发音
(一)
元音字母
a
1.
重读开音节
[ei]
paper late make lake
; face
2.
重读闭音节
[?]
bag fat cat ladder
mass
(
*
例外:
any
一些
[e] many
许多
[e]
)
3.
非重读音节
[
?
]
或
[i]
即:
[<
/p>
?
]
——
ago al
ong among above aloud
[i]
——
comrade
village manager
;
palace private
;
necklace
*
连续相同的辅音(字母)
,一般只发一个音,而且归属后一个音节段。如上的
lad
der,village .
4.
在字母
w
或
wh
后面
,发
[
?
]
was wash what want
(*
例外:
water
水
[
?
:])
5.a
在诸如
-ance
;-ask;-ass;-ast;-ath
组合里
,
重读时均发
[a:]
即:
dance France chance
ask mask task basket
class grass glass pass
—
—
(
*
例外:
mass[?]
)
fast
;cast past last master
father
;path bath
——
(*
例外:
maths[?])
(
二
p>
)
元音字母
e
1.
重读开音节
[i:] me he she these evening
2.
重读闭音节
[e] hen get set tell echo
3.
非重读音节
[i] useless ticket basket pocket
;before below
(三)元音字母
i
或
y
1.
重读开音节
[ai] China try my hi time
guide;
2.
重读闭音节
[i] sit hit ill little system
3.
非重读音节
[i] unit study
(
四
)
元音字母
o
1.
重读开音节
[
?
u] no so go
; home photo
2.
重读闭音节
[
?
] not hot
box fox cock cost
3.
非重读音节
[
?
] purpose
concern
4.o
在字母
m,n
,v
或
th
之前,均发
[
?
]
son month come ton (*
例外:
Tom[
?
])
love dove glove above
; another
mother brother become some
5.
两个单词:
wo
man[‘w
u-m
?
n]
女人(单数)
; wo
men[‘w
i-min]<
/p>
女人(复数)
(五)元音字母
u
1.
重读开音节
[ju:] pupil stud
ent use
; cube
2.
重读闭音节
p>
[
?
]
或
[u]
即:
[
?
p>
]
——
cut luck
umbrella us
[u]
——
put full
pull
4.
非
重读音节
[
?
] autumn
;August support
●
元音字母组合的拼读规则
(一)元音字母
a
的字母组合
< br>
或
ay
在重读音节中
[ei] rain train
brain pain
day may
play stay lay
*ay
在非重读音里
[i]
或
[e
i] Sunday Monday Tuesday Thursday Friday
+
绝大多数辅音字母
[
?
:] small wall
; call talk walk
;
chalk
3.
或
[
?<
/p>
: l] also always
*al
后面是
k
时,只发
[
?
:]
al+f<
/p>
或
m
时,
al<
/p>
发
[a:] half calm
-al
在词尾非重读
[
(
?
)
l]
medal
metal (
例外
canal<
/p>
运河,重音在后
[?l])
3.-ance
在重读时
[a:
ns] chance dance France
在非重读时
[
?
ns]
importance
;
performance
;
ambulance
4.-ant
非重读
[
?
n
t]
assistant important
;
peasant
5.-ange
一般
[eind
?
] change danger strange
;(*
但
orange
[ind
?
])
6.-age
p>
一般
[id
?
]
village carriage marriage
7.-ask
一般重读时
[a:
sk] ask mask task basket
8.-ass
一般重读时
[a: s]
class glass grass pass
(*
但
mass[?])
9.-ast
一般重读时
[a:
st] last past fast cast
-aste
一般
[eist]
waste paste taste
10.-ath
一般
[a: θ]
b
ath path (*
但
math
s[?θ])
或
[a: ?
] father
rather
(*
但
gather[??
])
11.-au
一般
< br>[
?
:] cause autumn
;August (*
但
because[
?
])
-augh(t)
[
?
: (t)]
caught taught daughter
(*
例外:
laugh[l a:
f])
12.-aw
[
?
:]
draw saw law awful
13.
a
在字母
w
或
wh
后面,
a
发
[
?
]
was wash want what (*
但
water[
?
:])
14.-ar
重读音时
[a:]
party car farm army yard hard star
在字母
w
或音
[w]
后面时
[
?
:] war warm
warn towards *quarter
<
/p>
在非重读音时
[-
?
]
beggar dollar solar
15.-are
一般
[-
ε?
] hare bare dare stare
rare care parent
16.-air
一般
[-
ε?
] chair
fair hair pair stair repair
17.-able
一般
[eibl]
able cable tabl
e stable
(
二
)
p>
元音字母
e
的组合
1.-ea
重读音节有四个音,分别是下列:
< br>
-ea[i:] team meat lead
; teach read mean please steal
-ea[e] threat bread meant
read(
过去式和过去分词
) peasant
-ea[i
?
] real
really
-ea[ei] great break
2.-ee[i:] feel week
keep three steel street sweep see
*
但是一个例外:
coffee[i]
3.-eer[i
?
]
deer pioneer engineer
volunteer
4.-er
重读音节
[
?
:] her term service
; Germany
非重读
[
?
]
worker paper western
teacher
特殊读法
[a:] clerk
5.-ere [i
?
]
here mere
-ere
或者发
[ε?
]
there where
6.-ear
有三种音,分别是:
-ear [i
?
]
ear dear near clear
tear (n.) beard
-ear
[
?
:]
early earth learn heard
-ear [a:]
heart
*
te
ar
作为动词时,发
[ε?
]
7.-ei [ei]
eight
; weigh weight
-ei [ai]
height
-ei [i:]
receive
8.-ey
重读
[ei]
they hey survey
-ey
重读
[i:]
key
-ey
非重读
[i] monkey
; donkey valley volleyball
*-et
非重读
[it]
pocket ticket rocket
9.-ew
一般
[ju:]
new few knew
-ew
或者发
[u:] grew threw
-ew
还可以发
[
?
u]
sew
10.-ege
[id
?
]
college
11.-est [i s t]
biggest modest happiest;
12.
词尾的
-ed
在浊音后
p>
[d]
lived studied
-ed
在清音后
[t]
worked
finished
-ed
在
字母
t
或
d
后
[id]
wanted
needed
(三)元音字母
i
或
y
的组合
1.-ie
在重读音节中,或在辅音字母前,发
[i:]
fiel
d piece achieve
-ie
在词尾
[ai]
lie die tie
2.-igh(t)
在重读音节
[ai
(t)]
high night light
bright
3.-ir
在重读音节
[
?
:]
girl firm circle first third
4.-ire
在重读音节
[‘ai?
]
fire tired hire retired wire
5.-il
d [aild]
child wil
d
6.-ind [aind]
find kind mind
; wind
(*
但
window[ind])
7.-
ing
[i?] k
ing wing sing
doing making
8.-(a)tion [(ei)
?
n]
nation pronunciation information
;
composition
-stion
[t
?
n] question
-sion
[
?
n]
或
[
?
n]
mission
使命
; precision
精密
9.-ye
在词尾
[ai]
good-bye bye-bye
10.-ist[i s t] list fist
(
四
)
p>
元音字母
o
的组合
1.-oa
在重音时
[
?
u] boat coat road goat
toad
-oar
在重音时
[
?
:] blackboard aboard
2.-oi
,
-oy
在重音时
[
p>
?
i] boiler point join
oil
boy toy joy loyal
3.-oo
一般
[u:] soon
; too zoo room noon food mood boot
moon
*
单词
< br>room
和其他名词构成合成词时,常发短音。如
cla
ssroo
m[u]…
等等。
p>
在字母
k
或有时在
t
,
d
之前时
[u] cook look book took foot good
;
4.-or
在重音时
[
?
:] for
horse important morning born
-or
在字母
w
后面
[
?
:] work word world worse worth
(*
但是
wore ,worn
例外,均发
[
?
:]
)
-or
在非重音时
[
?
] monitor doctor professor forget
forwards forgive
conductor
5.-oar
一般
[
?
:] board aboard;
blackboard
6.-oor
一般
[
?
:]
或在美式英语里发
[
?
?
]
door floor
-oor
还发
[u
?
]
poor
7.-ore
在重音时
[<
/p>
?
:] snore more before
foreign; forest
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