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英文句子的组合(使你的句子更优美,简洁)

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2021-02-10 04:22
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-

2021年2月10日发(作者:男佣)


英文句子的組合


(


使你的句子更优美

< p>
,


简洁


)


句子組合


(sentence combining)


的目的,


就是把一些短句或


「支離破碎」


的句子


(short and choppy sentence)


連接起來,使句子更好,更有連貫性。



以下把一般常用的句子組合方法,舉例說明。







(1)


把簡單型


(simple f orm)


的主詞、


動詞、


受詞或補助語 連接起來,


成為結合型


(compound form)









1











Mr. Wang is applying for this position. (


王先生申請這個職位。


)









Mr. Lee is also applying for this position. (


李先生也申請這個職位。


)





上面兩句可組成:









Mr. Wang and Mr. Lee are both applying for this position.









(



Mr. Wang



Mr. Lee



and


連接,成為結合主詞。


)






2








My wife read the book for an hour last night. (


昨晚內人看了一小時的書。


)








She also wrote a letter. (


她也寫了一封信。


)








In addition, she cooked a nice dinner. (


還有,她燒了一頓好晚餐。


)




上面三句可組成:









Last night my wife read the book for an hour wrote a letter and cooked a nice dinner.







(


由於主詞相同,


所以可把三個動詞


read , wrote



cooked



加逗號,



and


連接,


成結合動詞。


)






3







The school gave Mr. Chang extra credits for field work. (


學校給張先生實地考察的額外學分。


)







Mr. Lee was given extra credits as well. (


李先生也有額外的學分。


)







上面兩句可組成:








The school gave Mr. Chang and Mr. Lee extra credits for field work.







(


先把第二句的被動


was given


改為主動後,再把間接受詞


Mr. Chang



Mr. Lee


連接起來。


)






4







The old man sat at a roadside stand. (


老人坐在路邊的攤位。


)







He sold vegetables to passing drivers. (


他賣蔬菜給路過的駕駛。


)







可組成:








The old man sat at a roadside stand and sold vegetables to passing drivers.









(


把動詞


sat



sold


and


連接,成為結合動詞。


)






5







I painted the house. (


我油漆房子。


)







My wife painted the back fence. (


我內人油漆後院的籬笆。


)







可組成:








My wife and I painted the house and the back fence.







(


把直接 受詞


house



fence



and


連接,成為結合受詞。


)(


為了禮貌,要把別人放在前面,不


說:

< p>
I and my wife…)







6







Mr. A called Mr. B a scholar. (A


先生稱


B


先生 是位學者。


)







He also called Mr. B a philanthropist. (


他也 稱


B


先生是位慈善家。


)







Finally, Mr. A called Mr. B a wonderful man. (


最後


A


先生稱


B


先生是位出色的人。


)







上面三句可組成:








Mr. A called Mr. B a scholar, a philanthropist and a wonderful man.







(


把受詞補助語


scholar, < /p>


philanthropist



won derful


man



comma


分開,再用


and


連成一個簡


單句。在


and


的前面,通常不加


comma



)







7



- 1 -








The college library cost five million dollars. (


大學圖書館花了五百萬元。


)








It took five years to compl ete.


(它費了五年的時間去完工。










可組成:









The college library cost five million dollars and took five years to complete.








(因為


it


也指圖書館,所以可把直接受詞


dollars



years


連接起來。









8








Mr. Chen will bring a camcorder for the party.


(陳先生要為宴會帶個錄像機。










One of his friends will also bring a camcorder for the party.


(他的一位朋友也要為宴會帶個錄像


機。










可組成:









Both Mr. Chen and one of his friends will bring camcorders for the party.








(上面兩句不同的主詞,可用


bot h…and


連接,成為結合式主詞。





9


The faculty members elected John



as the< /p>



chairperson.


(教師們選


John


當主席。


< br>


They also named Bob



as the



secretary.


(他們也指定


Bob


當祕書。




可組成:



The faculty members elected John chairperson and Bob secretary.


(動詞


elected



named


意義相似,故可省去一個。把受詞補助語


chairperson



secre tary



and


< br>接起來。如把「


as the


」省去,就表示主席和祕書 只是一種「


office


」的工作而已。









10








In the fitting room, Mary tried on the swimsuit.


(在試衣間裡,


Mary


試穿泳衣。










She looked in the full-length mirror.


(她在長鏡前照著。










She then smiled.


(然後她笑了。










上面三句可組成:









In the fitting room, Mary tried on the swimsuit, looked in the full-length mirror and smiled.


(由於主詞都是一樣,所以可省去其他的


she










11








Mr. Wang's article stressed the terrible working condition in some of the Chinese factories.



















(王先生的文章強調一些中國工廠 不良的工作環境。










It also described the cramped housing in Chinatown.


(該文也描述中國城的 狹窄房子。










Finally, it pointed out the filthy environment there.


(最後該文指出那裡不衛生的環 境。










以上三句可組成:









Mr.


Wang's


article


stressed


the


terrible


working


condition


in


some


of


the


Chinese


factories


and


described the cramped housing and filthy environment in Chinatown.






(動詞


described



pointed


out


意義相似,但與動詞


stres sed


意思不同。為了保持原意,仍然要


用兩個不同的動詞。< /p>









2



利用對等連接詞



coordinating conjunction


)和帶有連接詞作用的副詞(< /p>


conjunctive adverb




把意義相近的獨立句,連接起來,成為


com-pound sentence








常用的對等連接詞如:


but , or , so , for , therefore , because , nor , either…or , neither…nor , yet


等。







帶有連接詞作用的副詞如:


besides


,


furthermore


,


otherwise


,


consequently


,


accordingly


,


thus


,


notwithstanding , still , whereas


等。








1








John will go to a piano lesson.



John

< br>要去上鋼琴課。









Mary will stay home to baby sit her bro ther.



Mary


要在家照顧弟弟 。









上面兩句可組成:








John will go to a piano lesson and Mary will stay home to baby sit her sister.



- 2 -












(把這兩個獨立句,用


and


< p>
but


連接,成為結合句。








2








Rain had soaked the football field.


(下雨使足球場濕透了。










The game was re scheduled.


(比賽的日期重新安排。










可組成:




Rain had soaked the football field; therefore, the game was rescheduled.










(把上 面兩句獨立句,用


therefore



so


連接,成為


compound sentence










3








They were the last to leave the house.< /p>


(他們是最後離開房子的。










No one remembered to lock the door.


(沒有人記得鎖上門。










可組成:



They were the last to leave the house, but no one remembered to lock the door.










(把上面兩句獨立句,用


but


連接,成為


compound sentence









4








Unlike his friends, Mr. Lee enjoys his sideline job.


(不像他的朋友,李先生喜歡他的兼職。

< br>)









He likes to work seven days a week.


(他喜歡一星期工作七天。










可組成:









Unlike his friends, Mr. Lee enjoys his sideline job; be-cause he likes to work seven days a week.


(上面 兩句用


because



theref ore


連接,成為


com-pound sentence


。當然,用不同的連詞,就有不同


的意思。








5








John will not attend the meeting.



John


不去參加開會。










Bill will not go to the movie.


Bill


不去看電影。










可組成:





John will not attend the meeting, nor will Bill go to the movie.








(用


nor


連接時,要把主詞


Bill


放在助動詞


will


的後面。不說:


nor Bill will go…








6







Bob lost his history notes.



Bob


遺失歷史筆記。









He had to spend the entire Sunday copying his girl-friend's work..


(他要花整個星期天抄他女友的


功課。









可組成:





Bob lost his history notes; consequently, he had to spend the entire Sunday copying his


girlfriend's work.














(以上兩句,用


consequen tly


連接,成為結合句。








7






My wife felt strongly about the need for a trip to California.< /p>


(內人認為有必要到加州一趟。








We held one two years ago.


(我們兩年前到加州一行。








可組成:







My wife felt strongly about the need for a trip to California; accordingly, we held one two years ago.












(以上兩句,用

< br>accordingly


連接成為


compound sentence








8






I made other plans for tonight.

< br>(今晚我有其他事情。








I have already seen that movie.


(我已經看過那部電影 。








可組成:






I made other plans for tonight; besides, I have already seen that movie.













(這兩句用


besides


連接,意思更能連貫。




3


)在獨立句中,加上附屬字眼(


subordinating


words


)或關係代名詞(


relative


pronoun



,使其變


成附屬子句;再與主要子句連接,成為複合句(


complex sentence









最常用的附屬字眼如:


if , as if , as though , because ,since , as , so that , unless , although , while ,


whenever , after , before


等。







主要關係代名詞如:


which , who , whose , whom , that


等。




- 3 -





1






My wife served the dishes.


(內人在端菜。








I entertained the guests.


(我在招待客人。








可組成:






My wife served the dishes, while I entertained the guests.






while I entertained the guests


成為附屬子句,全句就是複合句,


served




entertained


兩個動作,


幾乎同時發生。


< br>





2






John received a package in the mail.



John


收到一個包裹。








He opened it quickly.


(他馬上打開。








可組成:






When John received a package in the mail, he opened it quickly.










When John……


是附屬子句;


he opened……


是獨立子句。








3






The room was very quiet.


(房間很安靜。








I still could not concentrate on my wor k.


(我仍然不能聚精會神的工作。








可組成:






Although the room was very quiet, I still could not concentrate on my work.






(用


although


< br>even though



though


,變成附屬句。通常較不重要的,成為附屬句。





4


You are in doubt about your income tax.


(你對所得稅有疑問。




You may visit the IRS staff for help.


(你可找稅務局人員幫忙。




可組成:



When



you are



in doubt about your income tax ,



you may



visit……



(如果主要子句和附屬句主詞相同,那麼附屬句中的


verb to be


可省去:


When in doubt about……





5


Vitamin C tablets may reduce your chance of getting a cold.< /p>


(維他命


C


丸可能減少感冒機會。




They are taken reg ularly.


(正規地服用。




可組成:


Vitamin C tablets, if



they are



taken regularly, may reduce your chance of getting a cold.


( 在附屬句裡,


they


是指


table ts


,因兩句主詞相同,可省去


they are




雖可放在句


尾,或句首, 但放在句中較好,表示分量較輕。







6


The murderer admitted his guilt.


(兇手認罪了。




The innocent man was killed.


(無辜的男子被殺。




可組成:


After the innocent man killed, the murderer admitted his guilt.


(附屬句


after the innocent……


放在句首,表示分量較重;放在句尾,表示分量輕;放在句中不好。


)< /p>




7


Suppose there are no hamburgers.


(假如沒有漢堡。




Suppose there are no hot dogs.


(假如沒有熱狗。




Can a picnic really be fun


?(野餐會有樂趣嗎?)



The picnic is on this Saturday.

< br>(野餐是在本周六。




上面四句可組成:


In case there are no hamburgers and hot dogs, can this Saturday picnic really be fun?


(在附屬句中,可用


in c ase


,或


if


,或

< br>in the event that


,意思大致相同。





8


More colleges are creating loan plans to aid students from middle-income families.


(更多的大學制訂貸款計畫給中等 收入家庭的學生。




Middle- income families are not rich enough to pay rising college costs.


(中等收入的家庭,無能支付大學的昂貴費用。




Middle-income families are not poor enough to qualify for assistance.



- 4 -

(中等收入家庭,又不是太窮而夠資格申請補助。




以上三句,可組成:



Even though more colleges are creating loan plans to aid students from middle-income families,(yet)they


are either not rich enough to pay rising college costs or not poor enough to qualify for assistance.


(加上


even thou gh


,變成附屬句;主要子句裡用


either……or


連接。句首的


yet


也可省去。





9


Many Chinese officials took bribes from citizens.


(許多中國官員接受百姓的賄賂。




They misused the public trust.


(他們濫用了大眾的信任。




可組成:


Many Chinese officials, who took bribes from citizens, misused the public trust.


(who took bribes from citizens


是附屬句,當形容詞,修飾


officials

。加


comma


表示多數官員。





10


The man will head the trade delegation.


(這位男子將要率領貿易訪問團。




We met him last week.


(我們上周見過他。




可組成:


The man whom we met last week will head the trade delegation.



whom we met last week


就是附屬句,當形容詞,修飾


man


;因為


whom


是動詞


met


的受詞,故用


受格。





11


The idea still catches on.


(這種想法還很流行。




Mr. Wang approved of the idea.

(王先生同意這種想法。




ap proved of=agreed




可組成:


The idea which Mr. Wang approved of still catches on.


(如果只用


approved


,表示有決定的權力,那麼就可以說:



The idea which Mr. Wang approved still


catches on.





12


The project turned out successfully.


(這計畫的結果很成功。




He worked on the project for months.


(他在這計畫上花了幾個月。




可組成:


The project on which he worked for months turned out successfully.



on which he worked for months


是附屬句,


當形容詞,< /p>


修飾


project


< br>on


放在


which


前,


要比放在


worked


後面好。





13


The customer left this morning.


(顧客今早離開。




His coat had been stolen.


(他的大衣被偷了。




可組成:


The customer whose coat had been stolen left this morning.



whose coat had been stolen< /p>


是附屬句,修飾


customer






4


)使用同位語(


appositives



,不但能減少字數,也可使句中的名詞或代名詞,解釋得更清楚。




1




Mr. A used to teach (at the) high schoo l.



A


先生過去在這所高中教書。< /p>


)


He is our new professor.


(他是我們的新教授。




可組成:


Mr. A, our new professor, used to teach (at the) high school. (new professor


就是解釋


Mr. A



)


(teach high school


是指教高中的程度;而


teach at the high school


是指在某一高中教書。


)



2


Many students in the school play basketball.


(學校裡許多學生打 籃球。




Basketball is a popular sport in China.


(籃球在中國是流行的< /p>


?/SPAN>


動。


< br>


可組成:


Many students in the school play basketball, a popular sport in China.


也可用子句:


Many students in the school play basketball which (that) is a popular sport in China.


(



which



that


形成附屬句, 修飾


basketball



)



3



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