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跟北外老师学外语
考研英语新题型历年真题分析及技巧总结
一、考研英语一新题型真题分析及技巧总结
1.
七选五题型
2015
年真题：
How does your reading
proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the
sense of
identifying
meanings
for
individual
words
and
working
out
relationships
between
them
drawing
on
your
implicit
knowledge
of
English
grammar.(41)________You
begin to
infer a context
for the text,
for instance,
by
making decisions about
what
kind of speech event is
involved. Who is making the utterance, to whom,
when and
where.
The ways of reading indicated here are
without
doubt
kinds of
comprehension.
But they show
comprehension to consist not just of passive
assimilation but of active
engagement
in
inference
and
problem-solving.
You
infer
information
you
feel
the
writer has invited
you to
grasp by presenting
you with
specific evidence and clues.
42._____________.
Conceived in this way,
comprehension will not follow exactly the same
track for
each
reader.
What
is
in
question
is
not
the
retrieval
of
an
absolute,
fixed
or
“true”
meaning that can be read off and
checked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of
text to the world. (43)_________
Such background material
inevitably reflects who we are. (44)_______
This
doesn`t,
however,
make
interpretation
merely
relative
or
even
pointless.
Precisely
because
readers
from
different
historical
periods,
places
and
social
experiences
produce
different
but
overlapping
readings
of
the
same
words
on
the
page--including
for
texts
that
engage
with
fundamental
human
concerns--debates
about texts can play an important role
in social discussion of beliefs and values.
How we read a
given text also depends to some extent on our
particular interest in
reading
it,(45)________Such dimensions of reading suggest-
as others introduced later
in
the
book
will
also
do-that
we
bring
an
implicit(often
unacknowledged)agenda
to
any act of reading. It doesn`t then
necessarily follow that one kind of reading is
fuller,
more advanced or more
worthwhile than another. Ideally, different minds
of reading
inform each other, and act
as useful reference points for and counterbalances
to one
another.
Together,
they
make
up
the
reading
component
of
your
overall
literacy,
or
relationship to your
surrounding textual environment.
[A]
Are
we
studying
that
text
and
trying
to
respond
in
a
way
that
fulfills
the
requirement
of
a
given
course?
Reading
it
simply
for
pleasure?
Skimming
it
for
information?
Ways
of
reading
on
a
train
or
in
bed
are
likely
to
differ
considerably
from reading in
a seminar room.
[B] Factors such as the
place and period in which we are reading ,our
gender, ethnicity,
age and social class
will encourage us towards certain interpretations
but at the same
time obscure or even
close off others.
[C] If you unfamiliar
with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning,
using clues
presented in the context.
On the assumption that they will become relevant
later, you
跟北外老师学外语
make a mental note of discourse
entities as well as possible links between them.
[D]
In
effect,
you
try
to
reconstruct
the
likely
meanings
or
effects
that
any
given
sentence,
image
or
reference
might
have
had:
These
might
be
the
ones
the
author
intended.
[E] You make further inferences that
form the basis of a personal response for which
the author will inevitably be far less
responsible.
[F] In plays, novels and
narrative poems, characters speak as constructs
created by the
author, not necessarily
as mouthpieces for the authors own thoughts.
[G] Rather, we ascribe meanings to
texts on the basis of interaction between what we
might
call
textual
and
contextual
material:
between
kinds
of
organization
or
patterning
we
perceive
in
a
texts
formal
structures(so
especially
its
language
structures) and various kinds of
background, social knowledge, belief and attitude
that
we bring to the text.
技巧总结：
①
寻找信号词
②
寻找逻辑顺序
2.
排序题
2014
年真题
[A] Some archaeological sites have
always been easily
observable
—
for example, the
Parthenon
in
Athens,
Greece,
the
pyramids
of
Giza
in
Egypt;
and
the
megaliths
of
Stonehenge
in
southern
England.
But
these
sites
are
exceptions
to
the
norm.
Most
archaeological
sites
have
been
located
by
means
of
careful
searching,
while
many
others
have
been
discovered
by
accident.
Olduvai
Gorge,
an
early
hominid
site
in
Tanzania,
was
found
by
a
butterfly
hunter
who
literally
fell
into
its
deep
valley
in
1911.
Thousands
of
Aztec
artifacts
came
to
light
during
the
digging
of
the
Mexico
City subway in the
1970s.
[B] In another case, American
archaeologists Rene Million and George Cowgill
spent
years systematically mapping the
entire city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico
near what is now Mexico City. At its
peak around AD 600, this city was one of the
largest
human settlements in
the
world.
The
researchers mapped not only the
city’s
vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but
also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes
where common people lived.
[C] How do archaeologists know where to
find what they are looking for when there
is
nothing
visible
on
the
surface
of
the
ground?
Typically,
they
survey
and
sample
(make test
excavations on) large areas of terrain to
determine where excavation will
yield
useful
information.
Surveys
and
test
samples
have
also
become
important
for
understanding the larger
landscapes that contain archaeological sites.
[D]
Surveys
can
cover
a
single
large
settlement
or
entire
landscapes.
In
one
case,
many
researchers
working
around
the
ancient
Maya
city
of
Copan,
Honduras,
have
located
hundreds
of
small
rural
villages
and
individual
dwellings
by
using
aerial
photographs and by making surveys on
foot. The resulting settlement maps show how
跟北外老师学外语
the
distribution
and
density
of
the
rural
population
around
the
city
changed
dramatically between AD 500 and 850,
when Copan collapsed.
[E] To find their
sites, archaeologists today rely heavily on
systematic survey methods
and a variety
of high-technology tools and techniques. Airborne
technologies, such as
different types
of radar and photographic equipment carried by
airplanes or spacecraft,
allow
archaeologists
to
learn
about
what
lies
beneath
the
ground
without
digging.
Aerial
surveys
locate
general
areas
of
interest
or
larger
buried
features,
such
as
ancient buildings or fields.
[F] Most archaeological sites, however,
are discovered by archaeologists who have set
out
to
look
for
them.
Such
searches
can
take
years.
British
archaeologist
Howard
Carter
knew
that
the
tomb
of
the
Egyptian
pharaoh
Tutankhamun
existed
from
information
found
in
other
sites.
Carter
sifted
through
rubble
in
the
Valley
of
the
Kings for seven
years before he located the tomb in
1922. In the late 1800s British
archaeologist Sir Arthur Evan combed
antique dealers’ stores in Athens,
Gre
ece. He
was searching for
tiny engraved seals attributed to the ancient
Mycenaean culture that
dominated
Greece
from
the
1400s
to
1200s
BC.
Evans’s
interpretations
of
these
engravings eventually
led him to find the Minoan palace at Knossos
(Knossó
s) on the
island of
Crete, in 1900.
[G]
Ground
surveys
allow
archaeologists
to
pinpoint
the
places
where
digs
will
be
successful. Most ground surveys involve
a lot of walking, looking for surface clues
such as small fragments of pottery.
They often include a certain amount of digging to
test for buried materials at selected
points across a landscape. Archaeologists also may
locate
buried
remains
by
using
such
technologies
as
ground
radar,
magnetic-field
recording,
and metal detectors. Archaeologists commonly use
computers to map sites
and the
landscapes around sites. Two and three-dimensional
maps are helpful tools in
planning
excavations,
illustrating
how
sites
look,
and
presenting
the
results
of
archaeological research.
技巧总结：
①
读懂第一段
②
根据已给段落确定文章结果
③
根据过渡词和逻辑关系决定顺序
二、考研英语二新题型真题分析及技巧总结
1.
小标题七选五题型
2015
年真题
Unfortunately,
life
is
not
a
bed
of
roses.
We
are
going
through
life
facing
sad
experiences. Moreover, we are grieving
various kinds of loss: a friendship, a romantic
relationship or a house. Hard times may
hold you down at what usually seems like the
most inopportune time, but you should
remember that they won
’
t
last forever.
When
our
time
of
mourning
is
over,
we
press
forward,
stronger
with
a
greater
understanding
and
respect
for
life.
Furthermore,
these
losses
make
us
mature
and
eventually move us toward future
opportunities for growth and happiness. I want to