-
第一单
Unit 1
礼仪讲话
Ceremonial Speech
I.
阅读材料
Reading Material
Passage 1
Remarks By U.S. Commerce Secretary Don
Evans
Chris:
Tomorrow is another
day. And we hope you enjoy your visit here despite
the rain. Now I would like to invite the
Ambassador
of
the
United
States
to
China,
Clark
Randt
to
come
to
the
podium
to
introduce
our
speaker.
Mr.
Ambassador. (Applause)
Mr.
Randt:
Thank you, Chris.
Mr. Secretary, Minister Zhang, Vice-Mayor Liu,
Distinguished Guests & Visitors,
Thanks
to
the
America
n
Chamber
of
Commerce
in
Beijing
and
U.
S.
Business
Council
for
organizing
today’s
luncheon. In these trying times,
America has been truly blessed by great leadership
in Washington, men and women of
extraordinary
conviction
and
faith,
including
notably
Secretary
Evans.
He
is
the
key
advisor
to
the
President
on
commercial and trade matters, that it
is itself a huge and vitally important portfolio.
However, the secretary is a man of
incredible energy. He also has the
bureau of senses, the U. S. Patent & Trademark
Office, the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration which
includes the Weather Bureau. Moreover, he is also
a key member of the President’s
economic policy team and the
President’s special test expert on energy.
Secretary Evans will
address us today about the state of U.S.-China
Trade relations, opportunities and challenges
created by China’s accession to the
WTO. Ladies and gentlemen, without further ado,
the main event, I’m honored to
be able
to introduce to you Secretary of Commerce, United
States of America, Don Evans.
Mr.
Secretary’s Address:
Thank
you so much, Sandie. You draw quite a crowd,
buddy. I’m delighted to be here. I have been in
China for
just a few short days. It’s
maybe 48 hours and I know it’s one o’clock in the
morning back
home I know that. But it
feels good to me. This is my first trip
to China and after just a couple of days here, I
can feel the energy, I can feel the
excitement and see & feel the
opportunity. I know when I return home I’m going
to encourage many of my col
leagues
to make a trip over here.
It has been twenty-
six years
in my life in the private sector. It’s a lot of
differences in the public sector I can tell
you that. But one thing that I have
learned in the last fifteen months, is that the
core of belief that I have and the core of
belief
that
the
President
of
United
States
has
is
all
governments
can
do
is
to
help
create
the
right
conditions
and
environment for
economies
to grow. Governments don’t
create wealth; governments don’t create
prosperity. You do
that, the
entrepreneurs of the economy, the leaders of the
economy, the workers of the economy. You are the
ones that
create the wealth and create
the prosperity.
When you think about
the dynamic economy here in China, and where it’s
heading and I think bac
k about what
America
has
accomplished
in
the
last
200
years.
I
really
do
think
about
those
in
the
private
sector
who
have
been
responsible for implementing a free
market system, a free enterprise system. I think
about the important responsibilities
that you have of creating the
conditions within your own companies for your
colleagues, and your fellow workers to
achieve their dreams. So when you think
about what you are doing, you ought to be thinking
about the fact that you too
are public
servants. You too are all a part of creating the
environment. So those people that live all across
this country,
all across this world can
achieve their dreams. So think about yourselves as
stewards and think about yourselves as
being responsible for people all around
the world achieving their dreams.
This
trip is about leading a business development
mission to Beijing and then we are going to be on
to Shanghai.
And this trip is also
about sharing a dream, not the American dream, but
the dream of all mankind…to have a world
that lives in peace and prosperity. Six
billion people live on the planet. And three
billion of them live on less than two
dollars a day. That’s not right and
that’s not good. Our responsibility is to do
something about it. What’s our purpose
here in life? Our purpose of highest
calling is to serve other people and make their
lives better. And how can we do that?
I
can tell you in one word how we can do that.
Trade. Expand trade all around this world, the
free market economy. For
you
see
what
trade
does,
what
competitive
free
markets
do,
it
creates
the
conditions
for
economies
to
grow.
1
Competition
leads
to
innovation,
innovation
leads
to
higher
productivity
and
higher
productivity
leads
to
economic
growth which leads to a higher standard
of living, which leads people demanding the kind
of freedoms that all humans
should be
entitled to, leading to a higher quality of life
and a world that lives in peace and prosperity.
Today China is clearly one
of our most important trading partners. In the
last ten years, trade in China has grown
from
$$25
billion
ten
years
ago
to
$$120
billion
last
year,
a
five
times’
increase
in
the
last
ten
years.
We
have
more
foreign Commercial Service personnel in
China than in any other country in the world. One
hundred…including many
Ch
inese…
we
have
50
right
here
in
Beijing.
And
the
latest
signs
of
the
significance
of
our
relationship
and
the
importance of this country to our
future trade are the trade missions. I’ve brought
along with me 15 of America’s finest
companies,
leaders
from
1
5
of
America’s
finest
companies.
Will
they
please
stand?
As
a
matter
of
fact,
I’d
like
to
recognize them. I see some of them
together to my right and off to the left
(Applause). Thank you very much. They are
the lucky ones. 85 other companies
applied, so there are many that are eager to come
to this country and they will be
coming.
This
group
represents
a
broad
spectrum
of
industries.
They
have
considerable
global
experience,
including
right here in China. And they all
represent the best of the American entrepreneurial
spirit. Tony Beyer (the CEO at Tek
Pak
which makes special packaging materials for high-
tech components) is here somewhere, I had a chance
to go to
Tony’s
plant
a
couple
of
weeks
ago
in
Chicago,
Illinois.
It
was
a
real
thrill
to
walk
through
t
hat
plant
and
see
55
employees working on highly technical
kind of products and thinking they are exporting
to 27 countries around the
world
——
55
employees working in a firm in Chicago exporting
to 27 countries around the world! But in China we
know there is a big gap between experts
from China to the United States and from the
United States to China. In fact
the
trade deficit last year was about $$83 billion,
however the U.S. exports to China have been
growing dramatically in
the last couple
of years. In fact exports to China have been
growing at three times a rate as exports from
China to the
United States. Many
sectors are opening up. The companies with us this
week are in sectors with great potential in
China
—
information
technology,
telecommunication,
engineering,
construction,
medical
technology,
energy,
covering
many sectors that are growing here in
this great country.
2001
was
a
banner
year
for
China.
China
chaired
the
APEC
meetings.
It
joined
the
World
Trade Organization
(WTO).
And
it
was
selected
to
host
the
2008
Summer
Olympics.
Congratulations
to
them.
As
the
country
that
just
finished hosting the
2002 Winter Olympics, of course we wish them the
very best. To stage this world’s largest and
most
spectacular
event,
China
government
plans
to
spend
some
$$23
billion
on
operations
and
infrastructure
development.
That means new business opportunities for American
companies. For example, there will be an Olympic
optical Internet that will provide
broadband, multimedia teleconferencing and other
services in all Olympic locations.
You
know, American companies excel in
telecommunication and information technology, so I
hope that China will take
advantage
of
this.
But
trade,
whether
it’s
a
part
of
the
upcoming
Olympics
or
whether
it’s
a
part
of
this
growing
economy here in
China, it would have been a lot tougher had China
not joined the WTO.
We
are glad
to have
China as
the
full
partner
in
the
WTO.
It’s
significant.
144
WTO
members
account
for 95
percent of global trade and China is
the 7th largest trading partner in the world. And
they ought to be a part of the WTO
organization and play by the same rules
as all the other large trading countries do. Some
say that China could be the 4th
largest
trading partner within the decade. The way the
economy is growing, who knows? They may even be
higher.
New foreign capital is
continuing to come into China in the year 2000,
$$40 billion of foreign direct investment coming
into China. To make a comparison, Japan
is 2/3 of the Asian economy, but its foreign
direct investment in the year 2000
was
only $$8 billion.
Macroeconomics is very important but
also microeconomics. A transparent tax system, a
transparent and effective
judicial
system,
honoring
the
sanctity
of
contracts,
nondiscriminatory
regulations,
nondiscriminatory
standards,
nondiscriminatory
customs
laws
are
all
part
of
making
sure
a
free
market
economy
works.
WTO
requires
legal
consistency and fairness and this will
help, this will help develop the rule of law in
China and it will help give investors
the confidence and the certainty they
need to help and keep investing in China.
课文词语
Words and Expressions from the Text
podium
讲台
luncheon
午餐会
trying
艰难的
2
conviction
坚定的信仰
vitally
必不可少的
portfolio
部长职位；重要职位
bureau
（政府机构等的）局、司、处、署
without further ado
不再罗嗦地
dynamic
有活力的
steward
服务员，管理员
entrepreneurial
企业家的
a top
priority
应予以优先考虑的事情
calling
职业，
（做某事的）强烈冲动
spectrum
范围
deficit
赤字
banner
特别好的
;
标志性的
spectacular
引人注目的
infrastructure
基础设施
optical
光学的；光的
broadband
宽频带
excel
胜过
macroeconomics
宏观经济学
microeconomics
微观经济学
transparent
透明的
judicial
司法的
sanctity
神圣
nondiscriminatory
非歧视的
第二篇
Passage 2
Here is the
World Organization Created to Serve All People
Ladies and gentlemen, dear friends,
Today,
the
peoples
of
the
United
Nations
mark
the
50
th
anniversary
of
the
only
truly
universal
organization
in
humanity’s history. 50
years is a tiny drop in the stream of the
centuries.
But no other institution in
history has gathered
together so many
political communities, no other has survived so
many storms, no other has built such a promising
foundation for the future, as has the
United Nations.
In the United Nations
was born the concept of peacekeeping, a permanent
contribution to the all and to the age-old
search for peaceful solutions. In the
United Nations was heard proudly and clearly the
voices of the poorest of the poor.
Here
the difficult issues of development have received
the most productive attention. In the United
Nations, the new
nations of the world
came to take their rightful place as member
states. Here sovereignty and statute come together
as
the foundation stones of an emerging
international community.
The
peoples
of
the
United
Nations
stand
at
the
turning
point
in
world
affairs.
On
this
anniversary,
we
commemorate
and
assess
realistically
a
half-
century
of
the
United
Nations’
existence.
And
on
this
day,
we
are
duty-bound
to
deliberate
on
the
cause
to
be
taken
by
the
world
organization
in
its
second
half-century.
Peace
is
an
immediate
concern, but the cause of development is essential
to enduring success. It calls us to look beyond
peace to
organize and take action in
the fields of economy, environment, social justice
and democratization.
Let
us
learn
from
our
setbacks.
More
importantly,
let
us
build
upon
our
successes,
for
there
have
been
many
successes in situation too complex or
undramatic to gain wide attention, successes in
slow and diligent effort to achieve
progress visible only of the long term,
and successes in major operations for peace,
development and democracy which
have
not been given the recognition they merit.
We
are
gaining
momentum.
The
United
Nations
provides
the
focus
for
the
common
global
issues.
Here
is
the
machinery we can
transform into a responsive instrument essential
to the realization of humanity’s finest hopes.
课文词语
Words and Expressions from the Text
universal organization
全球性组织
the stream of the centuries
世纪的长河
age-old
长期的
member states
成员国
take one’s rightful place
取得合法席位
duty-bound
肩负重任的
foundation stones
基石
commemorate and assess
纪念并评价
build upon
依靠，以??为基础
learn
from setbacks
前事不忘，后事之师
merit
应该得到
momentum
动力
responsive
灵敏的
II.
口译实践
Interpretation Practice
听译下列课文
Listen to
the Following Passage and Interpret Them:
第一篇（英译汉）
Passage
I (E
—
C)
相关词语
Related Words and Expressions
pay tribute to
称赞，赞颂
gracious and
eloquent remarks
热情而雄辩的讲话
toast
祝酒；祝酒词
common ground
共同点；共同之处
at the
outset
开始；开端
at times
有时；间或
transcend
超过；超越
make
compromise
妥协；做出让步
close the gulf between…
弥合
……
之间的鸿沟
in lockstep
紧密步伐；步伐完全一致
outside interference or
domination
外来的干涉或统治
legacy
遗产；遗赠物
plague
使人痛苦，难受
cry out to be done
需要去做
be destined to
注定的，预定的
raise glasses to
为??而干杯
Mr. Prime
Minister and all of your distinguished guests this
evening
，
3
On
behalf
of
all
of
your
American
guests,
I
wish
to
thank
you
for
the
incomparable
hospitality
for
which
the
Chinese
people
are
justly
famous
throughout
the
world.
I
particularly
want
to
pay
tribute,
not
only
to
those
who
prepared the magnificent dinner, but
also to those who have provided the splendid
music. Never have I heard American
music played better in a foreign land.
Mr. Prime Minister, I wish to thank you
for your very gracious and eloquent remarks. At
this very moment through
the wonder of
telecommunications, more people are seeing and
hearing what we say than on any other such
occasion in
the whole history of the
world. Yet, what we say here will not be long
remembered. What we do here can change the
world.
As you said in
your toast, the Chinese people are a great people;
the American people are a great people. If our
two people are enemies the future of
this world we share together is dark indeed. But
if we can find common ground to
work
together, the chance for world peace is
immeasurably increased.
In the spirit
of frankness which I hope will characterized our
talks this week, let us recognize at the outset
these
points: we have at times in the
past been enemies. We have great differences
today. What brings us together is that we
have
common
interests,
which
transcend
those
differences.
As
we
discuss
our
differences,
neither
of
us
will
compromise our principles. But while we
cannot close the gulf between us, we can try to
bridge it so that we may be
able to
talk across it.
So, let us, in
these next five days, start a long march together,
not in lockstep, but on different roads leading to
the
same goal, the goal of building a
world structure of peace and justice in which all
may stand together with equal dignity
and
in
which
each
nation,
large
or
small,
has
a
right
to
determine
its
own
form
of
government,
free
of
outside
interference or domination. The world
watches. The world listens. The world waits to see
what we will do. What is the
world? In
a personal sense, I think of my eldest daughter
whose birthday is today. As I think of her, I
think of all the
children in the world,
in Asia, in Africa, in Europe, in the Americas,
most of whom were born since the date of the
foundation of the People’s Republic of
China.
What
legacy
shall
we
leave
our
children? Are
they
destined
to
die
for
the
hatreds
which
have
plagued
the
old
world, or are they destined to live
because we had the vision to build a new world?
There
is
no
reason
for
us
to
be
enemies.
Neither
of
us
seeks
the
territory
of
the
other;
neither
of
us
seeks
domination over the other, neither of
us seeks to stretch out our hands and rule the
world.
Chairman
Mao
has
written,
―So
many
deeds
cry
out
to
be
done,
and
always
urgently;
the
world
rolls
on,
time
presses. Ten thousand
years are too long, seize the day, seize the
hour!‖
This is the hour. This is the day for
our two peoples to rise to the heights of
greatness, which can build a new and
a
better world.
In that spirit, I ask all
of you present to join me in raising your glasses
to Chairman Mao, to Prime Minister Zhou,
and to the friendship of the Chinese
and American people, which can lead to friendship
and peace for all people in the
world.
第二篇（英译汉）
Passage 2
（
E
—
C
）
相关词语
Related Words and Expressions
vice-chancellor
副校长
present one’s heartfelt congratulations
to
向??表示衷心的祝贺
intellectual community
知识界
storehouse of
knowledge
知识宝库
inheritance specific to
对·
·特有的遗产
personal and civic conduct
个人行为和社会行为
underwrite
赞同；同意
free
fearless enquiry
自由无畏的探究
a beacon of light
一座灯塔
fashion its
tradition
形成自己的传统
elaborate
and consolidate
发挥和巩固
a keystone
拱顶石；基础
Ladies and gentlemen,
Dear colleagues:
Because
I
am
the
Vice-Chancellor
of
the
oldest
of
the
foreign
universities
represented
here
today,
I
have
been
chosen
to
speak
on
their
behalf.
I
am
pleased
to
be
their
voice
in
presenting
our
heartfelt
congratulations
to
the
professors, teachers, researchers and
students of Peking University on the
100
th
anniversary of its
foundation.
Our
universities
form
a
great
intellectual
community
round
the
world.
Science
has
no
nationality;
knowledge
4
belongs to
everyone.
Our universities create new
knowledge. They teach this knowledge, together
with that of other universities and
also
the
best
of
the
great
storehouse
of
knowledge,
which
those
who
came
before
us
have
uncovered,
tested
and
accumulated.
All
universities
contribute
to
the
prosperity
and
success
of
their
country.
They
also
conserve
the
culture
and
inheritance specific to their country’s
civilization. But, they do more. Knowledge is
secure only when it is hard won by
the
independent tests of accuracy, rational
explanation and truth. So, when we teach our
students skills, we also give
them
values.
On
the
one
side,
these
are
values
for
personal
and
civic
conduct.
On
the
other
side,
these
values
underwrite the personal need for
independent understanding, which is the source of
human creativity.
These
duties give universities a high responsibility.
They are rooted in a great and fine tradition of
honesty, free
fearless enquiry and
independence. Each university is a beacon of light
in its own society and, by its association with
its
sisters; its knowledge and its
values are spread wide.
A
tradition
is
not
built
easily
or
quickly.
During
one
hundred
years,
Peking
University
has
been
fashioning
its
tradition. Present and
future members of the University! We hope to see
you elaborate and consolidate your tradition.
We
hope
to
see
you
become
a
keystone
of
the
intellectual
community.
In
your
next
century,
we
hope
to
see
you
contribute to the international
academic movement as a whole, as more and more of
your numbers come to participate
in the
activities of your sister universities.
Congratulations, Peking University on
your first century of achievement!
第三篇（汉译英）
Passage
3 (C
—
E)
相关词语
Related Words and Expressions
向??转达诚挚的问候和良好的祝愿
convey to…the cordial greetings and
best wishes
扩大共识
broaden common ground
重大问题
major issues
有识之
persons of
insight
恪守
abide by
战略眼光
a strategic
perspective
联合公报
joint communiqué
携起手来
join hands together
总统先生，克林顿夫人，女士们，先生们：
< br>我感谢克林顿总统的邀请，怀着愉快的心情对美国进行国事访问。我要借此机会，向伟大的美国人民转达< /p>
十二亿中国人民的诚挚问候和良好祝愿。
十八年前，邓小平先生在这里郑重宣告：中美关系史上的一个新时代开始了。今天，我受中国人民的重托
访问贵国，是为了增进了解，扩大共识，发展合作，共创未来，推动中美关系进入新的发展阶段
。
二十一世纪即将来临，世界各国人民都期待着新世纪成为一
个充满希望的世纪，我们这个星球成为人类和
平、安宁、繁荣的家园。
< br>
中美两国都是世界上具有重要影响的国家。在新的国际形势下，中美之间的共同
利益，不是在减少，而是
在增加；合作潜力，不是在缩小，而是在扩大。在事关全人类生
存与发展的重大问题上，两国有着广泛的共同
利益，肩负着共同的责任。世界各国人民和
有识之士，都在关注着中美关系发展的进程。
我们要站在历史
的高度，用战略的眼光，审视和处理两国关系。在过去的四分之一世纪里，中美双方制定
的三个联合公报，使我们得以扩大众多领域的交流与合作，妥善地处理两国之间的分歧。我相信，只要继续恪
守三个联合公报确立的原则，中美关系就会稳定、健康地向前发展。
我希望，中美两国关系的发展，能够对世界上不同历史文化、不同社会制度、不同发展水
平的国家相互尊
重、和平共处、共同发展，起到积极的推动作用。
让我们两国人民携起手来，同世界各国人民一道，为开创一个和平、稳定和繁荣的新
世纪而共同努力。请
允许我再次衷心感谢总统先生对我们的热情欢迎。
< br>
第四篇（汉译英）
Passage 4
(C
—
E)
相关词语
Related Words and Expressions
会议议题
agenda items
部长级会议
Ministerial
Meeting
对·表示热情欢迎
extend warm welcome to…
缩影
epitome
东方明珠
Oriental Pearl
实现贸易投资自由化
achieve
trade and investment liberalization
多边贸易体制
multilateral regime
前沿问题
frontier issue
经济可持续增长
sustainable economic growth
三方合作
tripartite
cooperation
高峰
high level meeting
注入活力
inject fresh vigor
结出丰硕成果
produce rich deliverables
配合；协作
collaboration
5
各位同事，女士们，先生们：
金秋
10
月，很高兴能与大家聚会上海，共同审议本届亚太经合组织（
APEC
）部长级会议的各项议题。我谨
代表中国政府对各位部长的到来表示热烈的欢迎
。
正如你们所见到的，作为中
国经济社会快速发展的一个缩影，上海这一充满生机与活力的城市经过开发与
建设，现代
化建设日新月异，古老的“东方明珠”在新世纪正绽放出璀璨的光芒。
过去的
10
年，
同样是亚太区域合作快速发展的
10
年，
在此期间
APEC
取得了辉煌的成就。
它制定了发达成
员于
2010
年、发展中成员于
2020
年实现贸易投资自由化的茂物目标；创造了单边行动与集体行动相结合的合
作方式；有力地推动了全球多边贸易体制的发展；开展了多种形式的经济技术合作活动。毋庸置疑，
APEC
已经
成为亚太地区乃至世界上最重要的经
济合作组织之一。它为亚太地区各成员领导人进行对话和交流提供了难得
的场所，
同时就全球和地区经济的前沿性问题进行讨论，
在许多问题的政策框架
制定上起到了引导方向的作用。
因此，
APEC
对于保持亚太地区的和平与稳定，促进地区经济繁荣与发展，做出了积极的贡献。
APEC
的成功发展，
源
于各成员希望通过合作实现经济持续增长的普遍愿望，
也源于我们根据亚太地区的特
点，遵循自主自愿、协商一致、灵活渐进的“
APEC
合作方式”
，更源于
APEC
本身能够顺应全球和地区经济的最
新发展，始终站在时代的前沿，与时俱进。
本次会议是<
/p>
APEC
步入新世纪后的第一次部长级会议。
我们面临着许多新的机遇与挑战。
全球及亚太地区总
体经济
增长速度减缓，
“
9.11
”恐怖主义
袭击事件对经济的冲击已显现出来。如何促进增长，重振市场信心，是
我们需要解决的头
等大事。与此同时，经济全球化与新经济不断发展，为我们的地区和人民带来更多的利益与
商机，但能否使各个群体都能获益，避免造成新的发展差距，也是我们必须面对的重要挑战。此外，多边贸易<
/p>
体制处在一个关键时刻，
11
月
WTO
多哈会议为世人所瞩目。
APEC
如何发挥它的独特作用，
深化合作，
保持地区
经济的持续增长，这些都是我们需要加以探讨和解决的问题。
为此，我们将今年
APEC<
/p>
会议的主题确定为“新世纪、新挑战：参与、合作，促进共同繁荣。
”在今后的两
天内，我们将围绕这一主题，就以下几个方面的问题进行讨论。
第一，推动贸
易与投资。我们将在
APEC
范围内就如何为
< br>WTO
第四届部长级会议做出贡献进一步交换意见，
提出
有关加强能力建设方面的具体建议；
APEC
为实现贸易投资自
由化的目标而制定的单边行动计划、
贸易便利
化原则及其它新倡
议将成为我们讨论的主要议题。
第二，
使亚太地区从全球化和新经济中受益。
我们将在
APEC
人力资源能力建设高峰会所取得的成果基础上
探讨如何加强政府、
学术界和工商界的三方合作；
A
PEC
在开展经济技术合作过程中应建立更为有效的参与机制；
我们将同时就如何在新经济时代实现“数字
APEC
蓝图”提出
设想与实施方案。
第三，促
进亚太经济的可持续增长。我们希望通过我们的讨论，在应对目前宏观经济形势所面临的挑战方
< br>面扩大共识，采取切实的财政金融措施，稳定市场，恢复信心，促进增长，使
AP
EC
各成员的经济尽快走出经济
放缓及“
9.11
事件”造成的阴影，重新走上持续稳定增长的道路。为此，我们将同财政部长
们进一步合作，加
强
APEC
成员间的
宏观经济政策对话，
并在金融领域的能力建设方面取得进展，
为
本地区经济的未来发展奠定坚
实的基础。
同时，我们要进一步联系更广泛的社会群体，扩大与各
界的交流与合作，使工商界、青年、妇女等真正体
会到
APEC
开展的经济合作活动给他们所带来的益处。
各位同事，
秋天是收获的季节。
经过我们
的官员们在过去数月的努力工作，
今年
APEC
的各项工作已基本就绪，
我相信
此次部长级会议的讨论
必然能够在以上各个领域结出丰硕的果实，提交给今年的领导人会议。我希望我们的努
力
不仅能取得切实的成果，而且为
APEC
第二个
10
年的发展注入新的活力并规划出其未来前进的蓝图。
我期待着各位部长对中国作为会议主席的工作给予
支持，在未来两天的会议里，充分发扬务实、灵活与合
作的精神。我相信，在你们的积极
配合下，本次会议一定能够取得成功。
谢谢大家。
第
2
单元
Unit 2
现代教育
Modern Education
I.
阅读材料
Reading Material
6
第一篇
Passage 1
Dropping the
Line
College sophomore Dana
Boulter had time to kill one sunny afternoon. So
she spread out a blanket under a maple
tree, turned on laptop computer and
started surfing the Web. No messy wiring is
required.
Here at Greenville College, as at a
growing number of campuses, students can log on
from almost anywhere -----
outdoors, in
classrooms, in the basketball stands.
―It’s so nice
here,‖ said Boulter, of Lincoln, Neb., checking
stock quotes for an economics assignment. ―I’m not
confined in my campus.‖
Laptop computers connected to wireless
networks give students ultimate mobility: They can
check e-mail, chat with
friends and
otherwise stay on the Net while they roam about
campus.
―Students
are
the
only
group
of
people
on
college
campuses
who
don’t
have
their
own
office,‖
said
Richard
Rid
geway,
communications
director
at
Buena
Vista
University
in
Storm
Lake,
Iowa.
―Notebook
computers
make
anywhere they are their
office.‖
Buena Vista, Drexel and
Wake Forest are among the universities that began
campus-wide wireless service this fall.
Greenville started its program a year
ago, as did Carnegie Mellon University. Mount St.
Mary College in Newburgh, N.
Y
., introduced a slower form
of wireless service in 1996.
Sure, the
technology has drawbacks: the potential for
greater security risks and congestion. Plus,
laptop batteries
last only a few hours,
and students can goof off more easily in class.
But
wireless networks also let students collaborate
more naturally. And schools do not have to install
access ports
anywhere a student might
conceivably want to work.
The technology is still
cutting-edge at colleges and universities, which
already tend to be leaders in Internet usage.
No
one keeps figures. But Tony Mordosky, past
president of the Association of Telecommunications
Professionals
in Higher Education,
estimates that less than 5 percent of campuses are
fully wireless.
Mordosky expects a wireless
explosion in the next two to five years, similar
to the growth of high-speed wiring in
dormitories during the mid-1990s.
Scores
of
schools
are
already
testing
wireless
technology
or
equipping
specific
buildings
to
supplement
their
traditional wired networks. The
University of Nebraska-Lincoln recently equipped
its student union. Business schools
at
Purdue and Vanderbilt went wireless
ove
r the past year, and the University
of Kansas’s law school will do so soon.
The
impetus: improvements in wireless speeds and
reductions in prices in the past year or so.
A
small
college
can
now
set
up
an
entire
campus
for
a
few
hundred
thousand
dollars
—
far
less
than
the
cost
of
upgrading
older
buildings
or
extending
wiring
to
every
classroom
desk.
Larger
schools
can do
so
for
a
few
million
dollars.
At
Mount
St.
Mary,
computer
modems
had
been
swamping
the
college’s
phone
network,
but
wiring
dormito
ries
with dedicated
Net connections would have cost
$$150,000. The wireless route cost
$$30,000.
Greenville also found going
wireless cheaper than extending wires to dormitory
rooms located blocks away from
campus.
To
cover
the
entire
26-acre
campus
except
for
one
parking
lot
and
some
remote
athletic
fields,
technicians
installed 60
access boxes along the walls or ceilings. Those
boxes are slightly bigger than a smoke detector,
with one or
two antennae the size of a
pen.
A laptop-toting student who wants to
connect can buy a wireless card for about $$450 a
semester.
When a student is within range, the
laptop automatically connects with a nearby access
point, sending and receiving
Internet
traffic at up to 11 megabits per second, or 200
times faster than speediest telephone modem.
Traffic moves
from that access point to
central servers through regular wiring.
About half of Greenville’s 940
undergraduates have signed up. Though only a
handful of schools across the country
now issue or require laptops,
Greenville will begin requiring them for incoming
freshmen next year.
Greenville College
President James Mannoia routinely listens to
Brazilian newscasts through the Web as he strolls
to his office carrying his laptop.
Some evenings, laptops light the main
quad outdoors like giant fireflies.
7
Eric
Weidmann,
a
freshman
from
Fridley,
Minn.,
brought
his
laptop
to
the
cafeteria
one
afternoon
to
download
music files.
―What you do on the computer doesn’t
always require a lot of thinking,‖ he said.
―Now
, I can talk to people without
being in my room by myself.‖
Michael Dixon’s classes are scattered
throughout the day. During breaks, the sophomore
is often in the snack bar,
chatting
online with his parents in Stockton, Calif., or
even doing Web-aided homework.
During
a
class
on
computer
basics,
eight
of
32
students
surfed
along
on
their
laptops.
One
of
them,
senior
B.J.
Schneck liked the ability to go beyond
the instructor’s demonstrations.
―It
enhances the leaning experience,‖ Schneck said.
―We w
ere able to check on the same
things he was working on
as well as
explore on our own.‖
At
Buena
Vista,
communications
professor
Paul
Bowers
had
students
collaborate
in
small
groups
to
find
online
resources on political campaigns. Once
professors tap int
o technology’s
potential, he said, there ―will be less lecturing
and more students doing things on their
own with teachers assisting them.‖
But
some students catch up on personal e-mail instead
of paying attention.
Craig Boyd, a philosophy
professor at Greenville, banned laptops last fall
when he learned a student was checking
baseball scores during class.
And
unless
all
students
have
laptops,
instructors
cannot
fully
incorporate
them
into
the
curriculum.
Buena
Vista
raised
tuition
about
$$1,000
a
year,
offset
partly
by
financial
aid,
to
buy
wireless
laptops
for
its1,
250
students.
But
where laptops are optional, are poorer
students getting an equal education?
Wireless
networks use frequencies separate from cell
phones. They share an unregulated 2.4 Gigahertz
frequency
with microwave ovens, newer
cordless phones and devices using an emerging
Bluetooth standard. As wireless products
get popular, interference could become
a problem.
In the next few years, wireless
networks will likely become commonplace at hotels,
airport and some businesses,
analysts
say.
Wireless
networking
will
become
a
$$2.2
billion
industry
by
2003,
nearly
three
times
the
$$800
million
this
year,
projects Stan Schatt,
a vice president at Giga Information Group. This
figure is on top of the business for cell phones.
课文词语
Words and Expressions from
the Text
laptop
膝上电脑
quotes
报价
congestion
拥塞
ports
端口
goof off
打发时间
cutting-edge
创新；革新
impetus
推动力
antennae
天线
laptop-toting
背着手提电脑的学生
megabit
兆位
strolls
漫步
quad
院子
fireflies
萤火虫
offset
弥补，抵消
frequencies
频率
hertz
千兆赫
ovens
微波炉
第二篇
Passage 2
Beijing University
The first
university run by the Central Government of
China was founded in 1898, named
originally
Imperial
University.
It
was
a
product
of
the Reform
Movement
of
1898,
which
ushered
in
China's
modern
higher
education.
Since then it has
been closely tied to the fate of the country.
In February 1898, under the vigorous
impetus of such noble-minded patriots of the
Reform Movement as Kang
Youwei,
Liang
Qichao,
Emperor
Guang
Xu
ordered
the
preparations
to
found
a
university.
After
its
founding,
the
Imperial University inherited some of
the duties of the Imperial College, the highest
educational institution in feudal
China, and it exercised control over
the universities of the various provinces of the
country. It therefore was not only
the
highest seat of learning, but the highest
executive organ of education in the whole country
as well. In 1912, the
second year after
the 1911 Revolution, the Imperial University
changed its name to Beijing University, and the
then
well-known bourgeois reformist,
enlightenment thinker and translator Yan Fu was
appointed as the first president of
Beijing University.
Over the past
hundred years, the group of China's contemporary
universities, with Beijing University as its
stellar
representative,
has
played
a
pioneering
role
in
China's
historical
course
towards
modernization,
forming
a
glorious
8
revolutionary as well as an exemplary
academic tradition.
In 1916, Cai
Yuanpei, our country's well known democratic
revolutionary, educator and thinker, was appointed
president of Beijing University. He
advanced this guiding principle for running a
school:
freedom of thought and to adopt
an all-embracing doctrine.
which
promoted ideological liberation and academic
prosperity. In 1917, Chen Duxiu, the initiator of
a new cultural
movement,
was
appointed
head
of
Beijing
liberal
arts
section.
He
moved
New
Youth
magazine
from
Shanghai
to
Beijing, carrying out a vigorous attack
on feudal thoughts. As a result, Beijing
University became China's center of the
new cultural movement in opposing old
thinking and old culture of
feudalism and advocating
new thinking and a
new culture.
In the great May fourth
Patriotic Movement, it was Beijing University
which first lighted the revolutionary torch
of
anti-imperialism
and
anti-feudalism.
As
a
new
ideology
and
culture,
Marxism
was
the
first
to
achieve
in
Beijing
University
its
primary
stage
of
propagation
in
China.
Professor
Li
Dazhao
of
Beida
was
the
first
Chinese
who
embraced and propagated Marxism. In the
course of the founding of the Chinese Communist
Party, the first members
of
Peking’s
Party
group
consisted
enti
rely
of
Beida
people.
Mao
Zedong
also
received
his
enlightenment
through
Marxist education in Peking University.
As China's first earliest center of
education and scientific research, Beijing
University has gathered China's most
brilliant specialists and scholars,
continuously opened up, blazed new trails, engaged
itself in reform and development
for
training high-quality talent and achieving high-
level scientific fruits that deeply influenced and
advanced the range
of China's higher
education. In 1903, the Imperial University sent
its first group of 46 students to study abroad, an
act
which marked the beginning of
China's higher institutions sending students to
study abroad. In 1920, a contingent of
three
young
women
students
were
enrolled
in
Beijing
University,
an
act
which
ushered
in
coeducation
in
China's
institutions of
higher learning. In addition, it was Beijing
University which first taught Marxist theory,
started aesthetic
education and
introduced Einstein's theory of relativity, which
produced far-reaching influence in China's
institutions of
higher learning.
After the founding of New China,
Beijing University became a university able to
boast of its rich resources of the
teaching staff and a most complete
faculty of liberal arts, sciences and foreign
languages. The teachers and students of
the
university
have
continued
to
bring
creative
initiative
into
full
play
and
founded
China's
first
atomic
energy
department.
In
the
60's,
the university
joined
hands
with
other
fraternal
units
and
successfully
developed
artificially
synthesized
bovine
insulin,
which
was
the
first
instance
in
the
world
of
using
artificial
means
in
the
synthesis
of
a
protein with
biological energy. It produced profound theoretic
and academic significance in the study of life
sciences.
In the eighties, Beijing
University developed a computer-laser Chinese
character editing and typesetting system, which
enabled China's printing industry to
end its history of lead and fire and step into a
period of light and electricity. In the
nineties,
Beida
Fangzheng
has
become
an
enterprise
group,
one
producing
the
highest
benefits
among
all
China's
institutions of higher learning.
For a hundred years, Beijing University
and China's many other universities together have
trained and raised generation
after
generation
of
high-quality
talent.
This
university
is
closely
linked
with
the
fate
of
our
country.
Its
centenary
history serves almost as a history of
rejuvenation that concentrated the ideology,
culture, science and education of the
nation. It is the glory of Beijing
University as well as the pride of the Chinese
nation.
课文词语
Words and Expressions from the Text
usher in…
以
……
为开端
Imperial
University
京师大学堂
Imperial College
国子监（封建社会中
国的最高学府）
The highest
executive organ of education
最高教育行政管理机构
stellar representative
杰出代表
exemplary academic tradition
优良的学术传统
―to abide by the pr
inciple
of freedom of thought
and
to adopt an all-
embracing doctrine.‖
“循思想自由原则、取兼容并包主义”
The initiator of a new cultural
movement
新文化运动的倡导者
blaze new
trails
开拓精神
artificially synthesized bovine insulin
人工合成牛胰岛素
Chinese character editing and
typesetting system
汉字编辑排版系统
9
a history of rejuvenation
一部振兴历史
II
．口译实践
Interpretation Practice
听译下列课文
Listen to
the Following Passages and Interpret Them:
第一篇（英译汉）
Passage 1 (E---C)
相关词语
Related Words and Expressions:
college
学院
nurse numbers of great
people
培养大批伟人
get world wide admiration
誉满全球
endowment
资助
crimson
绯红的
lampoon
讽刺文学
award…degree
授予
…
学位
Finnish- American architect
芬兰籍美国建筑师
manuscript
手稿
biographer
传记作家
Among all American universities,
Harvard and Yale University are the two oldest and
most prestigious ones. In
their long
history, they have nursed numbers of great people
and thus got world wild admiration
Harvard University began in 1636 in
Cambridge, Massachusetts, when a college was set
up by the Massachusetts
General Court
with a sum of 400 English pounds
1639
after
an
English
clergyman,
John
Harvard,
became
one
of
the
early
financial
supporters.
Today
Harvard
has
probably the world's biggest university
endowment or private financial support fund.
United States presidents who have
graduated from Harvard include John
F·
Kennedy, Theodore Roosevelt,
Franklin D·
Roosevelt, John Quincy
Adams
and John Adams. The Harvard
University library is also the oldest in the
United States, containing more than 12 million
volumes
in
its
central,
undergraduate
and
departmental
collections.
Harvard
has
had
an
important
role
in
training
Americans
for
national
and
public
office
and
two
important
schools
are
the
Harvard
Law
School
and
the
John
Fitzgerald
Kennedy
School
of
Government.
Notable
publications
produced
by
Harvard
include
the
Harvard
Law
Review and the humor magazine Harvard
Lampoon. Harvard enrolment is just over 18,000.
Yale
University
was
founded
in
1701
as
the
Collegiate
School
in
Branford,
Connecticut.
It
was
moved
to
its
present
site
in New Haven
in
1716.
In
1718
it
was
named
Yale College
after Elihu
Yale,
an
English
merchant who
earned his
money from the East India trade. In 1861 Yale
College awarded the first Doctor of Philosophy
degree in the
United States. The
college officially became Yale University in 1887.
Graduates have included the America presidents
William
Howard
Taft,
Gerald
Ford,
George
Bush
and
George
W.
Bush.
The
school
of
medicine
was
the
first
professional school to be set up at
Yale in 1813. Some of its modern buildings were
designed by the Finnish-American
architect Eero Saarinen who is a
graduate of Yale. Yale library's 7.5 million
volumes include collections of material
relating to the American West, the
manuscripts of the journals kept by 18th-century
biographer James Boswell, and the
papers of American author Gertrude
Stein. Yale enrolment is about
11,000.
?
第二篇（英译汉）
Passage 2 (E---C)
相关词语
Related
words and expressions
alumna
女校友
alumnus
男校友
alumni
校友（复数）
civic origin
城市的起源
Sorbonne
（巴黎）的索本神学院，巴黎大学的前身
teeming city
繁忙的城市
academia
学术界
culmination of an
outstanding career
杰出事业的顶峰
barrister
律师
one-to-one
tutorial
一带一导师制
academically rewarding
学术上受益
breeding ground
温床
cut their professional teeth
开始他们的职业生涯
classical music ensemble
古典乐团
rich,
exalted history
丰富而声誉高的历史
For
centuries, Oxford has been at Britain's
intellectual heart, perhaps the most prestigious
among Europe's many
ancient
universities. It lies only 50 miles from London,
close to the centers of
power
—
Parliament and the Law
Courts.
Oxford has attracted students
and scholars from all over the world. They have
gone on to achieve the highest positions
in
their
own
countries
in
politics,
administration,
science
and
the
arts.
Alumni
include
numerous
eminent
scientists,
literary
figures
and
such
overseas
politicians
as
American
President
Bill
Clinton,
Pakistani
Prime
Minister
Benazir
Bhutto and the Philippines’ President
Gloria Arroyo.
Its civic
origins go back to the Middle Ages. At that time,
Oxford was a small town built on a mound of gravel
between two deep rivers, the Thames and
the Cherwell, at a place where oxen could ford the
waters. As a place of
learning Oxford's
beginnings are equally distant. Legend has it that
Alfred laid its foundations at the end of the
ninth
10
century.
By
the
12th
century
scholars
were
teaching
in
the
town
and
their
renown
had
spread
to
the
Continent,
particularly
to
the
Sorbonne
in
Paris,
then
Europe's
greatest
center
of
learning.
A
group
of English
scholars
left
the
French capital in 1167 to settle in
Oxford and the place became a magnet for students
and teachers from all over Britain.
Today Oxford is a large, teeming city,
but the cluster of ancient university buildings in
the center
—
colleges,
libraries,
museums
and
administrative
blocks
–
has
remained
largely
untouched. While
most
old
universities
have
modernized
radically
to
accommodate
their
growing
populations,
Oxford
has
managed
to
expand
while
still
preserving
its
traditional collegiate
structure. The 36 existing colleges, varying from
the older houses to the newest such as Green, are
independent, self-governing
institutions operating under the umbrella of the
University of Oxford.
Few positions
in academia are grander than being head of an
Oxford college. Usually it is the culmination of
an
outstanding
career
and
a
reward
for
decades
of
public
service.
The
post
requires
the
combined
talents
of
diplomat,
administrator and
academic. As Sir Roger Bannister, former Master of
Pembroke College says:
college was a new
challenge, you should recognize the needs and
aspirations of the students and help to realize
them.
The three-year period students
spend at Oxford is the most important of their
lives; it shapes their future careers; the
friendships they form will last for
ever.
Every year in Oxford, among thousands
of applicants, only a few hundred are chosen by
each college through an
increasingly
competitive process. Once accepted, the
undergraduates benefit from a range of traditional
privileges. The
most notable and the
rarest of these is the one- to-one tutorial, at
which a student presents his or her work to the
tutor.
The relationship of profound
respect and trust that can develop between teacher
and pupil over three years can be as
lasting as it is academically
rewarding. Years after students have left they
return to their tutors for advice and guidance.
Parallel to their academic work,
students can cultivate their particular talents
and interests by joining a vast range
of societies. Many of Britain's finest
actors, actresses and theatre directors started
their careers at the Oxford University
Dramatic Society. The Oxford Union
(short for the Oxford University Debating Society)
has been a breeding ground
for the
country's political leaders and celebrated
barristers. Debate topics there vary from
politics, philosophy, religion
and
ethics to less lofty subjects. The list of famous
politicians who cut their professional teeth here
is endless, such as
the British Prime
Ministers Edward Heath and Margaret Thatcher, and
the Prime Minister of other countries as well.
Another famous institution is the
Oxford University Boat Club, founded in 1839. Each
college has its own team of
rowers, and
the best among them are chosen to form the Oxford
squad. Although boating is not usually a spectator
sport,
millions watch the annual duel
between Oxford and Cambridge on television and
tens of thousands more line the banks
of the Thames.
Oxford has a
rich musical life, too. Students who play an
instrument are encouraged to develop their
talents. Some
form pop and rock music
groups, playing at parties and dances, while
others create classical music ensembles. The best
musicians are invited to join the
Oxford University Orchestra.
So generations of students, scholars
and teachers come and go, each adding a layer to
the university's rich, exalted
history
as Oxford shines everlasting.
第三篇（汉译英）
Passage 3
(C
—
E)
相关词语
Related Words and
Expressions
皇家园林
royal garden
滋润着一代代清华学子
inspired and motivated generations of
Tsinghua students
国立清华大学
National Tsinghua University
多科性的大学
a polytechnic institution
工程技术
engineering
蓬勃发展
flourish
惊人的速度
a breath-taking pace
综合性的
comprehensive
独特的魅力
characteristic charm
治学严谨
rigorous scholarship
research
中科院院士
Academician of
the Chinese Academy of Sciences
工程院
the Chinese Academy of Engineering
教育理念
educational doctrine
学术大师、兴业之才和治国之才
outstanding
scholars, eminent entrepreneurs and great
statesmen
世界一流
world-class
自强不息、厚德载物
Self-discipline and Social Commitment <
/p>
清华大学校园地处北京西北郊，是在几处清代皇家园林的遗址上发展而成的。清华校园周围
高等学府和名
园古迹林立。园内林木俊秀，水木清华，滋润着一代代清华学子。
清华大学的前身是清华学堂，
始建于
1911
年。
1912
年，
清华学堂更名为清华学校。
1928
年更名为
国立清
11
华大学
，并于
1929
年秋开办研究院。中华人民共和
国成立后，清华大学成为一所多科性的大学，重点是工程
技术。
1978
年以来，清华大学进入了一个蓬勃发展的新时期，恢复了理科、经济管理和人文
科学等学科。清
华以惊人的速度成为当代中国一所著名的综合性大学。
< br>
水清木华
90
载，清华散发着独特的魅力，这里治学严谨、学风浓郁，有着良好的学术水平和教学质量。清<
/p>
华大学现有教职工约
7100
人，
其中中科院院士
24
名、
中国工程院院士
24
名，
正高级职
务
900
余人，
副高级职
务
1200
余人。清华大学的教育理念是
培养具有为社会服务之健全品格
< br>的人才。建校至今，她共培育了
10
多
< br>万名毕业生，其中包括一批又一批中华民族引以为自豪的学术大师、兴业之才和治国之才。清华大学一直是 全
国最优秀考生一心向往之的所在。
目前，
清华在校学生
20000
多名，
其
中本科生
12000
多名，
硕士生
6200
多名，
博士生
2800
多名。
在国家重点支持
下，清华大学面临着前所未有的机遇。跻身二十一世纪世界一流大学行列已成为今天全体
清华人的努力方向。在
自强不息、厚德载物
的精神的激励下，清华将为我们民族的富强奋斗不止。
第四篇（汉译英）
Passage
4 (C---E)
相关词语
Related Words and Expressions
企业家，事业家
entrepreneur
毕业典礼
graduation ceremony
洗脑子
brain- washing
学校的自助餐厅
cafeteria
盛行
prevail
模拟培训
simulated training
聪明的，知晓的
savvy
工商管理硕士
MBA (master of business
administration)
股东
shareholder
本能，直觉能力
instinct
竞技场，比赛场
arena
去年，北京大学为来自
全国各地的
200
多名企业家创建了一所专门的培训学院。这些
企业家也像其他学生
一样，不是驾驶着豪华的轿车，而是骑着自行车来上课的。
在毕业典礼上，一位企业家说：
“在知识经济
时代，只有那些掌握了科学技术理论的人才能走在前边。
你<
/p>
可能拥有豪华轿车，但这并不意味着你拥有未来社会所需要的知识。重要的是要不断学习。
”
这些企业家每周来上一次课，用他
们的话说是来“洗脑”或“破除旧观念，获得新思路。
”
授课教师是来
自社会各行业的专家，课程内容主要是关于商业计划、
市场营销、资金管理、企业发展策略以及职工培训方面
的实例分析。
邓子强是松本电器公司的总裁，一个百万富翁，但在校期间，他表面上和其他学生
没有什么区别，穿着蓝
色牛仔裤，在学生自助餐厅用餐。虽然他现在事业上很成功，但他
相信深造对于成功是所必不可少的。他说：
“
21
世纪是规则和条例的世纪。如果你连游戏的规则都不懂，你就不可能取胜。
”
在六个月内，邓子强学完了
他所选的九门课程，在参加营销和公共关系课期末考试时，他
非常自信，一个小时就答完了本应三个小时做完
的试题。
北京大学经济学院的副院长郑秀仪教授说：
“企业家是中国市场经济
的中坚，
他们对学院开设的这种实例分
析和模拟训练课程很感兴
趣。
”
郑教授指出，这些企业家们事
业一开始都很成功，但现在都面临着一些进一步
发展的问题。而学校里开设的课程将使他
们对于现代商业的规则更加了解。
北京大学同时开设国际工商
管理硕士课程。
今年
27
岁的何正，<
/p>
是国际工商管理硕士班的一名学员，
七岁时
就跟着父亲学做生意。
在大学四年间，
他赚了第一个一百万。
25
岁时，
他已经成为广州一家广告公
司的大股东。
他说过五十岁时他要成为十亿富翁。
何正具有做生意的天赋。
他也承认他做决定大多依靠本能，
而不是通过对经济指标的分析。
他说，
“我既不
擅长金融事务，也不善于通过数据分析和商业模式进行管理。这些正是我需要改变的弱点。
”
在新世纪里
，企业家们面临着来自知识领域越来越激烈的竞争。要想跟上新观念、掌握新技术，在大学里
进修是他们的最佳选择。
第
2
单元
Unit 2
商贸往来
Business and Trade
阅读材料
Reading
Material
Passage 1
World Trade
Organization (WTO)
The
World
Trade
Organization
(WTO)
established
on
January
1,
1995,
is
an
open,
non-discriminatory
trading
system. As a
successor to the GA
TT, established in
the wake of the Second World War, it is to help
world trade flow
freely, fairly and
predictably. Members of the WTO follow three most
important principles:
—
the
most-favored nation concept, i.e., every
contracting party grants all other parties any
tariff advantages that it
12