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2021-02-10 03:38
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2021年2月10日发(作者:肿胀)


第一单



Unit 1









礼仪讲话








Ceremonial Speech



I.


阅读材料



Reading Material


Passage 1


Remarks By U.S. Commerce Secretary Don Evans









Chris:


Tomorrow is another day. And we hope you enjoy your visit here despite the rain. Now I would like to invite the


Ambassador


of


the


United


States


to


China,


Clark


Randt


to


come


to


the


podium


to


introduce


our


speaker.


Mr.


Ambassador. (Applause)


Mr. Randt:



Thank you, Chris. Mr. Secretary, Minister Zhang, Vice-Mayor Liu, Distinguished Guests & Visitors,


Thanks


to


the


America


n


Chamber


of


Commerce


in


Beijing


and


U.


S.


Business


Council


for


organizing


today’s


luncheon. In these trying times, America has been truly blessed by great leadership in Washington, men and women of


extraordinary


conviction


and


faith,


including


notably


Secretary


Evans.


He


is


the


key


advisor


to


the


President


on


commercial and trade matters, that it is itself a huge and vitally important portfolio. However, the secretary is a man of


incredible energy. He also has the bureau of senses, the U. S. Patent & Trademark Office, the National Oceanic and


Atmospheric Administration which includes the Weather Bureau. Moreover, he is also a key member of the President’s


economic policy team and the President’s special test expert on energy.



Secretary Evans will address us today about the state of U.S.-China Trade relations, opportunities and challenges


created by China’s accession to the WTO. Ladies and gentlemen, without further ado, the main event, I’m honored to


be able to introduce to you Secretary of Commerce, United States of America, Don Evans.


Mr. Secretary’s Address:



Thank you so much, Sandie. You draw quite a crowd, buddy. I’m delighted to be here. I have been in China for


just a few short days. It’s maybe 48 hours and I know it’s one o’clock in the morning back


home I know that. But it


feels good to me. This is my first trip to China and after just a couple of days here, I can feel the energy, I can feel the


excitement and see & feel the opportunity. I know when I return home I’m going to encourage many of my col


leagues


to make a trip over here.



It has been twenty-


six years in my life in the private sector. It’s a lot of differences in the public sector I can tell


you that. But one thing that I have learned in the last fifteen months, is that the core of belief that I have and the core of


belief


that


the


President


of


United


States


has


is


all


governments


can


do


is


to


help


create


the


right


conditions


and


environment for economies


to grow. Governments don’t create wealth; governments don’t create prosperity. You do


that, the entrepreneurs of the economy, the leaders of the economy, the workers of the economy. You are the ones that


create the wealth and create the prosperity.


When you think about the dynamic economy here in China, and where it’s heading and I think bac


k about what


America


has


accomplished


in


the


last


200


years.


I


really


do


think


about


those


in


the


private


sector


who


have


been


responsible for implementing a free market system, a free enterprise system. I think about the important responsibilities


that you have of creating the conditions within your own companies for your colleagues, and your fellow workers to


achieve their dreams. So when you think about what you are doing, you ought to be thinking about the fact that you too


are public servants. You too are all a part of creating the environment. So those people that live all across this country,


all across this world can achieve their dreams. So think about yourselves as stewards and think about yourselves as


being responsible for people all around the world achieving their dreams.


This trip is about leading a business development mission to Beijing and then we are going to be on to Shanghai.


And this trip is also about sharing a dream, not the American dream, but the dream of all mankind…to have a world


that lives in peace and prosperity. Six billion people live on the planet. And three billion of them live on less than two


dollars a day. That’s not right and that’s not good. Our responsibility is to do something about it. What’s our purpose


here in life? Our purpose of highest calling is to serve other people and make their lives better. And how can we do that?


I can tell you in one word how we can do that. Trade. Expand trade all around this world, the free market economy. For


you


see


what


trade


does,


what


competitive


free


markets


do,


it


creates


the


conditions


for


economies


to


grow.



1


Competition


leads


to


innovation,


innovation


leads


to


higher


productivity


and


higher


productivity


leads


to


economic


growth which leads to a higher standard of living, which leads people demanding the kind of freedoms that all humans


should be entitled to, leading to a higher quality of life and a world that lives in peace and prosperity.



Today China is clearly one of our most important trading partners. In the last ten years, trade in China has grown


from


$$25


billion


ten


years


ago


to


$$120


billion


last


year,


a


five


times’


increase


in


the


last


ten


years.


We


have


more


foreign Commercial Service personnel in China than in any other country in the world. One hundred…including many


Ch


inese…


we


have


50


right


here


in


Beijing.


And


the


latest


signs


of


the


significance


of


our


relationship


and


the


importance of this country to our future trade are the trade missions. I’ve brought along with me 15 of America’s finest


companies,


leaders


from


1


5


of


America’s


finest


companies.


Will


they


please


stand?


As


a


matter


of


fact,


I’d


like


to


recognize them. I see some of them together to my right and off to the left (Applause). Thank you very much. They are


the lucky ones. 85 other companies applied, so there are many that are eager to come to this country and they will be


coming.


This


group


represents


a


broad


spectrum


of


industries.


They


have


considerable


global


experience,


including


right here in China. And they all represent the best of the American entrepreneurial spirit. Tony Beyer (the CEO at Tek


Pak which makes special packaging materials for high- tech components) is here somewhere, I had a chance to go to


Tony’s


plant


a


couple


of


weeks


ago


in


Chicago,


Illinois.


It


was


a


real


thrill


to


walk


through


t


hat


plant


and


see


55


employees working on highly technical kind of products and thinking they are exporting to 27 countries around the


world


——


55 employees working in a firm in Chicago exporting to 27 countries around the world! But in China we


know there is a big gap between experts from China to the United States and from the United States to China. In fact


the trade deficit last year was about $$83 billion, however the U.S. exports to China have been growing dramatically in


the last couple of years. In fact exports to China have been growing at three times a rate as exports from China to the


United States. Many sectors are opening up. The companies with us this week are in sectors with great potential in


China



information


technology,


telecommunication,


engineering,


construction,


medical


technology,


energy,


covering


many sectors that are growing here in this great country.



2001


was


a


banner


year


for


China.


China


chaired


the


APEC


meetings.


It


joined


the


World


Trade Organization


(WTO). And


it


was


selected


to


host


the


2008


Summer


Olympics.


Congratulations


to


them.


As


the


country


that


just


finished hosting the 2002 Winter Olympics, of course we wish them the very best. To stage this world’s largest and


most


spectacular


event,


China


government


plans


to


spend


some


$$23


billion


on


operations


and


infrastructure


development. That means new business opportunities for American companies. For example, there will be an Olympic


optical Internet that will provide broadband, multimedia teleconferencing and other services in all Olympic locations.


You know, American companies excel in telecommunication and information technology, so I hope that China will take


advantage


of


this.


But


trade,


whether


it’s


a


part


of


the


upcoming


Olympics


or


whether


it’s


a


part


of


this


growing


economy here in China, it would have been a lot tougher had China not joined the WTO.



We


are glad


to have


China as


the


full


partner


in


the


WTO.


It’s


significant.


144


WTO


members


account


for 95


percent of global trade and China is the 7th largest trading partner in the world. And they ought to be a part of the WTO


organization and play by the same rules as all the other large trading countries do. Some say that China could be the 4th


largest trading partner within the decade. The way the economy is growing, who knows? They may even be higher.


New foreign capital is continuing to come into China in the year 2000, $$40 billion of foreign direct investment coming


into China. To make a comparison, Japan is 2/3 of the Asian economy, but its foreign direct investment in the year 2000


was only $$8 billion.



Macroeconomics is very important but also microeconomics. A transparent tax system, a transparent and effective


judicial


system,


honoring


the


sanctity


of


contracts,


nondiscriminatory


regulations,


nondiscriminatory


standards,


nondiscriminatory


customs


laws


are


all


part


of


making


sure


a


free


market


economy


works.


WTO


requires


legal


consistency and fairness and this will help, this will help develop the rule of law in China and it will help give investors


the confidence and the certainty they need to help and keep investing in China.



课文词语



Words and Expressions from the Text



podium





讲台


















luncheon




午餐会














trying







艰难的




2



conviction




坚定的信仰










vitally






必不可少的










portfolio




部长职位;重要职位



bureau





(政府机构等的)局、司、处、署




















without further ado




不再罗嗦地



dynamic




有活力的













steward





服务员,管理员






entrepreneurial



企业家的



a top priority




应予以优先考虑的事情







calling




职业,


(做某事的)强烈冲动



spectrum




范围


















deficit




赤字


















banner



特别好的


;


标志性的



spectacular




引人注目的










infrastructure



基础设施










optical



光学的;光的



broadband




宽频带














excel




胜过




















macroeconomics



宏观经济学



microeconomics




微观经济学





transparent




透明的













judicial



司法的



sanctity



神圣




















nondiscriminatory



非歧视的



第二篇



Passage 2




Here is the World Organization Created to Serve All People


Ladies and gentlemen, dear friends,


Today,


the


peoples


of


the


United


Nations


mark


the


50


th



anniversary


of


the


only


truly


universal


organization


in


humanity’s history. 50 years is a tiny drop in the stream of the centuries.


But no other institution in history has gathered


together so many political communities, no other has survived so many storms, no other has built such a promising


foundation for the future, as has the United Nations.


In the United Nations was born the concept of peacekeeping, a permanent contribution to the all and to the age-old


search for peaceful solutions. In the United Nations was heard proudly and clearly the voices of the poorest of the poor.


Here the difficult issues of development have received the most productive attention. In the United Nations, the new


nations of the world came to take their rightful place as member states. Here sovereignty and statute come together as


the foundation stones of an emerging international community.


The


peoples


of


the


United


Nations


stand


at


the


turning


point


in


world


affairs.


On


this


anniversary,


we


commemorate


and


assess


realistically


a


half-


century


of


the


United


Nations’


existence.


And


on


this


day,


we


are


duty-bound


to


deliberate


on


the


cause


to


be


taken


by


the


world


organization


in


its


second


half-century.


Peace


is


an


immediate concern, but the cause of development is essential to enduring success. It calls us to look beyond peace to


organize and take action in the fields of economy, environment, social justice and democratization.


Let


us


learn


from


our


setbacks.


More


importantly,


let


us


build


upon


our


successes,


for


there


have


been


many


successes in situation too complex or undramatic to gain wide attention, successes in slow and diligent effort to achieve


progress visible only of the long term, and successes in major operations for peace, development and democracy which


have not been given the recognition they merit.


We


are


gaining


momentum.


The


United


Nations


provides


the


focus


for


the


common


global


issues.


Here


is


the


machinery we can transform into a responsive instrument essential to the realization of humanity’s finest hopes.



课文词语




Words and Expressions from the Text


universal organization


全球性组织





the stream of the centuries


世纪的长河








age-old


长期的



member states


成员国








take one’s rightful place


取得合法席位












duty-bound


肩负重任的



foundation stones


基石






commemorate and assess


纪念并评价










build upon


依靠,以??为基础



learn from setbacks


前事不忘,后事之师





merit


应该得到






momentum


动力







responsive


灵敏的



II.


口译实践



Interpretation Practice


听译下列课文



Listen to the Following Passage and Interpret Them:


第一篇(英译汉)



Passage I (E



C)


相关词语




Related Words and Expressions


pay tribute to


称赞,赞颂






gracious and eloquent remarks



热情而雄辩的讲话






toast



祝酒;祝酒词



common ground


共同点;共同之处






at the outset


开始;开端






at times


有时;间或



transcend



超过;超越





make compromise


妥协;做出让步




close the gulf between…


弥合


……


之间的鸿沟



in lockstep


紧密步伐;步伐完全一致





outside interference or domination



外来的干涉或统治



legacy


遗产;遗赠物





plague


使人痛苦,难受









cry out to be done



需要去做




be destined to



注定的,预定的





raise glasses to






为??而干杯



Mr. Prime Minister and all of your distinguished guests this evening





3


On


behalf


of


all


of


your


American


guests,


I


wish


to


thank


you


for


the


incomparable


hospitality


for


which


the


Chinese


people


are


justly


famous


throughout


the


world.


I


particularly


want


to


pay


tribute,


not


only


to


those


who


prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music. Never have I heard American


music played better in a foreign land.


Mr. Prime Minister, I wish to thank you for your very gracious and eloquent remarks. At this very moment through


the wonder of telecommunications, more people are seeing and hearing what we say than on any other such occasion in


the whole history of the world. Yet, what we say here will not be long remembered. What we do here can change the


world.






As you said in your toast, the Chinese people are a great people; the American people are a great people. If our


two people are enemies the future of this world we share together is dark indeed. But if we can find common ground to


work together, the chance for world peace is immeasurably increased.


In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterized our talks this week, let us recognize at the outset these


points: we have at times in the past been enemies. We have great differences today. What brings us together is that we


have


common


interests,


which


transcend


those


differences.


As


we


discuss


our


differences,


neither


of


us


will


compromise our principles. But while we cannot close the gulf between us, we can try to bridge it so that we may be


able to talk across it.






So, let us, in these next five days, start a long march together, not in lockstep, but on different roads leading to the


same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peace and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity


and


in


which


each


nation,


large


or


small,


has


a


right


to


determine


its


own


form


of


government,


free


of


outside


interference or domination. The world watches. The world listens. The world waits to see what we will do. What is the


world? In a personal sense, I think of my eldest daughter whose birthday is today. As I think of her, I think of all the


children in the world, in Asia, in Africa, in Europe, in the Americas, most of whom were born since the date of the


foundation of the People’s Republic of China.







What


legacy


shall


we


leave


our


children? Are


they


destined


to


die


for


the


hatreds


which


have


plagued


the


old


world, or are they destined to live because we had the vision to build a new world?






There


is


no


reason


for


us


to


be


enemies.


Neither


of


us


seeks


the


territory


of


the


other;


neither


of


us


seeks


domination over the other, neither of us seeks to stretch out our hands and rule the world.






Chairman


Mao


has


written,


―So


many


deeds


cry


out


to


be


done,


and


always


urgently;


the


world


rolls


on,


time


presses. Ten thousand years are too long, seize the day, seize the hour!‖








This is the hour. This is the day for our two peoples to rise to the heights of greatness, which can build a new and


a better world.






In that spirit, I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to Chairman Mao, to Prime Minister Zhou,


and to the friendship of the Chinese and American people, which can lead to friendship and peace for all people in the


world.


第二篇(英译汉)


Passage 2



E



C




相关词语



Related Words and Expressions


vice-chancellor


副校长
















present one’s heartfelt congratulations to




向??表示衷心的祝贺



intellectual community


知识界



storehouse of knowledge


知识宝库




inheritance specific to


对·


·特有的遗产



personal and civic conduct



个人行为和社会行为









underwrite



赞同;同意



free fearless enquiry



自由无畏的探究




a beacon of light



一座灯塔



fashion its tradition



形成自己的传统



elaborate and consolidate


发挥和巩固









a keystone



拱顶石;基础



Ladies and gentlemen,



Dear colleagues:


Because


I


am


the


Vice-Chancellor


of


the


oldest


of


the


foreign


universities


represented


here


today,


I


have


been


chosen


to


speak


on


their


behalf.


I


am


pleased


to


be


their


voice


in


presenting


our


heartfelt


congratulations


to


the


professors, teachers, researchers and students of Peking University on the 100


th


anniversary of its foundation.


Our


universities


form


a


great


intellectual


community


round


the


world.


Science


has


no


nationality;


knowledge



4


belongs to everyone.


Our universities create new knowledge. They teach this knowledge, together with that of other universities and


also


the


best


of


the


great


storehouse


of


knowledge,


which


those


who


came


before


us


have


uncovered,


tested


and


accumulated.


All


universities


contribute


to


the


prosperity


and


success


of


their


country.


They


also


conserve


the


culture


and


inheritance specific to their country’s civilization. But, they do more. Knowledge is secure only when it is hard won by


the independent tests of accuracy, rational explanation and truth. So, when we teach our students skills, we also give


them


values.


On


the


one


side,


these


are


values


for


personal


and


civic


conduct.


On


the


other


side,


these


values


underwrite the personal need for independent understanding, which is the source of human creativity.



These duties give universities a high responsibility. They are rooted in a great and fine tradition of honesty, free


fearless enquiry and independence. Each university is a beacon of light in its own society and, by its association with its


sisters; its knowledge and its values are spread wide.



A


tradition


is


not


built


easily


or


quickly.


During


one


hundred


years,


Peking


University


has


been


fashioning


its


tradition. Present and future members of the University! We hope to see you elaborate and consolidate your tradition.


We


hope


to


see


you


become


a


keystone


of


the


intellectual


community.


In


your


next


century,


we


hope


to


see


you


contribute to the international academic movement as a whole, as more and more of your numbers come to participate


in the activities of your sister universities.


Congratulations, Peking University on your first century of achievement!


第三篇(汉译英)



Passage 3 (C



E)


相关词语




Related Words and Expressions


向??转达诚挚的问候和良好的祝愿



convey to…the cordial greetings and best wishes



扩大共识



broaden common ground


重大问题




major issues




有识之



persons of insight



恪守




abide by


战略眼光



a strategic perspective




联合公报




joint communiqué






携起手来



join hands together


总统先生,克林顿夫人,女士们,先生们:


< br>我感谢克林顿总统的邀请,怀着愉快的心情对美国进行国事访问。我要借此机会,向伟大的美国人民转达< /p>


十二亿中国人民的诚挚问候和良好祝愿。



十八年前,邓小平先生在这里郑重宣告:中美关系史上的一个新时代开始了。今天,我受中国人民的重托


访问贵国,是为了增进了解,扩大共识,发展合作,共创未来,推动中美关系进入新的发展阶段 。



二十一世纪即将来临,世界各国人民都期待着新世纪成为一 个充满希望的世纪,我们这个星球成为人类和


平、安宁、繁荣的家园。

< br>


中美两国都是世界上具有重要影响的国家。在新的国际形势下,中美之间的共同 利益,不是在减少,而是


在增加;合作潜力,不是在缩小,而是在扩大。在事关全人类生 存与发展的重大问题上,两国有着广泛的共同


利益,肩负着共同的责任。世界各国人民和 有识之士,都在关注着中美关系发展的进程。



我们要站在历史 的高度,用战略的眼光,审视和处理两国关系。在过去的四分之一世纪里,中美双方制定


的三个联合公报,使我们得以扩大众多领域的交流与合作,妥善地处理两国之间的分歧。我相信,只要继续恪


守三个联合公报确立的原则,中美关系就会稳定、健康地向前发展。



我希望,中美两国关系的发展,能够对世界上不同历史文化、不同社会制度、不同发展水 平的国家相互尊


重、和平共处、共同发展,起到积极的推动作用。



让我们两国人民携起手来,同世界各国人民一道,为开创一个和平、稳定和繁荣的新 世纪而共同努力。请


允许我再次衷心感谢总统先生对我们的热情欢迎。

< br>


第四篇(汉译英)


Passage 4 (C



E)



相关词语




Related Words and Expressions


会议议题





agenda items




部长级会议



Ministerial Meeting


对·表示热情欢迎



extend warm welcome to…



缩影



epitome




东方明珠



Oriental Pearl



实现贸易投资自由化



achieve trade and investment liberalization


多边贸易体制



multilateral regime



前沿问题




frontier issue


经济可持续增长



sustainable economic growth


三方合作



tripartite cooperation



高峰


high level meeting





注入活力




inject fresh vigor



结出丰硕成果




produce rich deliverables






配合;协作




collaboration




5


各位同事,女士们,先生们:




金秋


10


月,很高兴能与大家聚会上海,共同审议本届亚太经合组织(


APEC


)部长级会议的各项议题。我谨


代表中国政府对各位部长的到来表示热烈的欢迎 。




正如你们所见到的,作为中 国经济社会快速发展的一个缩影,上海这一充满生机与活力的城市经过开发与


建设,现代 化建设日新月异,古老的“东方明珠”在新世纪正绽放出璀璨的光芒。





过去的


10


年,


同样是亚太区域合作快速发展的


10


年,


在此期间


APEC


取得了辉煌的成就。


它制定了发达成


员于


2010


年、发展中成员于


2020


年实现贸易投资自由化的茂物目标;创造了单边行动与集体行动相结合的合


作方式;有力地推动了全球多边贸易体制的发展;开展了多种形式的经济技术合作活动。毋庸置疑,

< p>
APEC


已经


成为亚太地区乃至世界上最重要的经 济合作组织之一。它为亚太地区各成员领导人进行对话和交流提供了难得


的场所,


同时就全球和地区经济的前沿性问题进行讨论,


在许多问题的政策框架 制定上起到了引导方向的作用。


因此,


APEC


对于保持亚太地区的和平与稳定,促进地区经济繁荣与发展,做出了积极的贡献。



APEC


的成功发展,


源 于各成员希望通过合作实现经济持续增长的普遍愿望,


也源于我们根据亚太地区的特


点,遵循自主自愿、协商一致、灵活渐进的“


APEC


合作方式”


,更源于


APEC


本身能够顺应全球和地区经济的最


新发展,始终站在时代的前沿,与时俱进。





本次会议是< /p>


APEC


步入新世纪后的第一次部长级会议。

我们面临着许多新的机遇与挑战。


全球及亚太地区总


体经济 增长速度减缓,



9.11


”恐怖主义 袭击事件对经济的冲击已显现出来。如何促进增长,重振市场信心,是


我们需要解决的头 等大事。与此同时,经济全球化与新经济不断发展,为我们的地区和人民带来更多的利益与


商机,但能否使各个群体都能获益,避免造成新的发展差距,也是我们必须面对的重要挑战。此外,多边贸易< /p>


体制处在一个关键时刻,


11



WTO


多哈会议为世人所瞩目。


APEC


如何发挥它的独特作用,


深化合作,


保持地区


经济的持续增长,这些都是我们需要加以探讨和解决的问题。




为此,我们将今年


APEC< /p>


会议的主题确定为“新世纪、新挑战:参与、合作,促进共同繁荣。


”在今后的两


天内,我们将围绕这一主题,就以下几个方面的问题进行讨论。





第一,推动贸 易与投资。我们将在


APEC


范围内就如何为

< br>WTO


第四届部长级会议做出贡献进一步交换意见,


提出 有关加强能力建设方面的具体建议;


APEC


为实现贸易投资自 由化的目标而制定的单边行动计划、


贸易便利


化原则及其它新倡 议将成为我们讨论的主要议题。



第二,


使亚太地区从全球化和新经济中受益。


我们将在


APEC


人力资源能力建设高峰会所取得的成果基础上


探讨如何加强政府、


学术界和工商界的三方合作;


A PEC


在开展经济技术合作过程中应建立更为有效的参与机制;


我们将同时就如何在新经济时代实现“数字


APEC


蓝图”提出 设想与实施方案。




第三,促 进亚太经济的可持续增长。我们希望通过我们的讨论,在应对目前宏观经济形势所面临的挑战方

< br>面扩大共识,采取切实的财政金融措施,稳定市场,恢复信心,促进增长,使


AP EC


各成员的经济尽快走出经济


放缓及“


9.11


事件”造成的阴影,重新走上持续稳定增长的道路。为此,我们将同财政部长 们进一步合作,加



APEC


成员间的 宏观经济政策对话,


并在金融领域的能力建设方面取得进展,


为 本地区经济的未来发展奠定坚


实的基础。




同时,我们要进一步联系更广泛的社会群体,扩大与各 界的交流与合作,使工商界、青年、妇女等真正体


会到


APEC


开展的经济合作活动给他们所带来的益处。




各位同事,




秋天是收获的季节。


经过我们 的官员们在过去数月的努力工作,


今年


APEC


的各项工作已基本就绪,


我相信


此次部长级会议的讨论 必然能够在以上各个领域结出丰硕的果实,提交给今年的领导人会议。我希望我们的努


力 不仅能取得切实的成果,而且为


APEC


第二个


10


年的发展注入新的活力并规划出其未来前进的蓝图。




我期待着各位部长对中国作为会议主席的工作给予 支持,在未来两天的会议里,充分发扬务实、灵活与合


作的精神。我相信,在你们的积极 配合下,本次会议一定能够取得成功。




谢谢大家。




2


单元



Unit 2



现代教育


Modern Education


I.


阅读材料



Reading Material



6


第一篇



Passage 1


Dropping the Line



College sophomore Dana Boulter had time to kill one sunny afternoon. So she spread out a blanket under a maple


tree, turned on laptop computer and started surfing the Web. No messy wiring is required.





Here at Greenville College, as at a growing number of campuses, students can log on from almost anywhere -----


outdoors, in classrooms, in the basketball stands.





―It’s so nice here,‖ said Boulter, of Lincoln, Neb., checking stock quotes for an economics assignment. ―I’m not


confined in my campus.‖






Laptop computers connected to wireless networks give students ultimate mobility: They can check e-mail, chat with


friends and otherwise stay on the Net while they roam about campus.





―Students


are


the


only


group


of


people


on


college


campuses


who


don’t


have


their


own


office,‖


said


Richard


Rid


geway,


communications


director


at


Buena


Vista


University


in


Storm


Lake,


Iowa.


―Notebook


computers


make


anywhere they are their office.‖






Buena Vista, Drexel and Wake Forest are among the universities that began campus-wide wireless service this fall.


Greenville started its program a year ago, as did Carnegie Mellon University. Mount St. Mary College in Newburgh, N.


Y


., introduced a slower form of wireless service in 1996.





Sure, the technology has drawbacks: the potential for greater security risks and congestion. Plus, laptop batteries


last only a few hours, and students can goof off more easily in class.





But wireless networks also let students collaborate more naturally. And schools do not have to install access ports


anywhere a student might conceivably want to work.





The technology is still cutting-edge at colleges and universities, which already tend to be leaders in Internet usage.





No one keeps figures. But Tony Mordosky, past president of the Association of Telecommunications Professionals


in Higher Education, estimates that less than 5 percent of campuses are fully wireless.





Mordosky expects a wireless explosion in the next two to five years, similar to the growth of high-speed wiring in


dormitories during the mid-1990s.





Scores


of


schools


are


already


testing


wireless


technology


or


equipping


specific


buildings


to


supplement


their


traditional wired networks. The University of Nebraska-Lincoln recently equipped its student union. Business schools


at Purdue and Vanderbilt went wireless ove


r the past year, and the University of Kansas’s law school will do so soon.






The impetus: improvements in wireless speeds and reductions in prices in the past year or so.






A


small


college


can


now


set


up


an


entire


campus


for


a


few


hundred


thousand


dollars



far


less


than


the


cost


of


upgrading


older


buildings


or


extending


wiring


to


every


classroom


desk.


Larger


schools


can do


so


for


a


few


million


dollars.





At


Mount


St.


Mary,


computer


modems


had


been


swamping


the


college’s


phone


network,


but


wiring dormito


ries


with dedicated Net connections would have cost



$$150,000. The wireless route cost $$30,000.






Greenville also found going wireless cheaper than extending wires to dormitory rooms located blocks away from


campus.


To


cover


the


entire


26-acre


campus


except


for one


parking


lot


and


some


remote


athletic


fields,


technicians


installed 60 access boxes along the walls or ceilings. Those boxes are slightly bigger than a smoke detector, with one or


two antennae the size of a pen.





A laptop-toting student who wants to connect can buy a wireless card for about $$450 a semester.





When a student is within range, the laptop automatically connects with a nearby access point, sending and receiving


Internet traffic at up to 11 megabits per second, or 200 times faster than speediest telephone modem. Traffic moves


from that access point to central servers through regular wiring.





About half of Greenville’s 940 undergraduates have signed up. Though only a handful of schools across the country


now issue or require laptops, Greenville will begin requiring them for incoming freshmen next year.





Greenville College President James Mannoia routinely listens to Brazilian newscasts through the Web as he strolls


to his office carrying his laptop.





Some evenings, laptops light the main quad outdoors like giant fireflies.



7





Eric


Weidmann,


a


freshman


from


Fridley,


Minn.,


brought


his


laptop


to


the


cafeteria


one


afternoon


to


download


music files.





―What you do on the computer doesn’t always require a lot of thinking,‖ he said. ―Now


, I can talk to people without


being in my room by myself.‖






Michael Dixon’s classes are scattered throughout the day. During breaks, the sophomore is often in the snack bar,


chatting online with his parents in Stockton, Calif., or even doing Web-aided homework.





During


a


class


on


computer


basics,


eight


of


32


students


surfed


along


on


their


laptops.


One


of


them,


senior


B.J.


Schneck liked the ability to go beyond the instructor’s demonstrations.






―It enhances the leaning experience,‖ Schneck said. ―We w


ere able to check on the same things he was working on


as well as explore on our own.‖






At


Buena


Vista,


communications


professor


Paul


Bowers


had


students


collaborate


in


small


groups


to


find


online


resources on political campaigns. Once professors tap int


o technology’s potential, he said, there ―will be less lecturing


and more students doing things on their own with teachers assisting them.‖






But some students catch up on personal e-mail instead of paying attention.





Craig Boyd, a philosophy professor at Greenville, banned laptops last fall when he learned a student was checking


baseball scores during class.


And


unless


all


students


have


laptops,


instructors


cannot


fully


incorporate


them


into


the


curriculum.


Buena


Vista


raised


tuition


about


$$1,000


a


year,


offset


partly


by


financial


aid,


to


buy


wireless


laptops


for


its1,


250


students.


But


where laptops are optional, are poorer students getting an equal education?





Wireless networks use frequencies separate from cell phones. They share an unregulated 2.4 Gigahertz frequency


with microwave ovens, newer cordless phones and devices using an emerging Bluetooth standard. As wireless products


get popular, interference could become a problem.





In the next few years, wireless networks will likely become commonplace at hotels, airport and some businesses,


analysts say.





Wireless


networking


will


become


a


$$2.2


billion


industry


by


2003,


nearly


three


times


the


$$800


million


this


year,


projects Stan Schatt, a vice president at Giga Information Group. This figure is on top of the business for cell phones.




课文词语




Words and Expressions from the Text



laptop



膝上电脑





quotes


报价






congestion



拥塞






ports



端口







goof off



打发时间



cutting-edge



创新;革新





impetus



推动力





antennae


天线





laptop-toting



背着手提电脑的学生



megabit





兆位










strolls




漫步






quad




院子










fireflies




萤火虫



offset




弥补,抵消







frequencies




频率





hertz




千兆赫






ovens




微波炉



第二篇


Passage 2


Beijing University


The first university run by the Central Government of


China was founded in 1898, named originally


Imperial


University.


It


was


a


product


of


the Reform


Movement


of


1898,


which


ushered


in China's


modern


higher


education.


Since then it has been closely tied to the fate of the country.






In February 1898, under the vigorous impetus of such noble-minded patriots of the Reform Movement as Kang


Youwei,


Liang


Qichao,


Emperor


Guang


Xu


ordered


the


preparations


to


found


a


university.


After


its


founding,


the


Imperial University inherited some of the duties of the Imperial College, the highest educational institution in feudal


China, and it exercised control over the universities of the various provinces of the country. It therefore was not only


the highest seat of learning, but the highest executive organ of education in the whole country as well. In 1912, the


second year after the 1911 Revolution, the Imperial University changed its name to Beijing University, and the then


well-known bourgeois reformist, enlightenment thinker and translator Yan Fu was appointed as the first president of


Beijing University.





Over the past hundred years, the group of China's contemporary universities, with Beijing University as its stellar


representative,


has


played


a


pioneering


role


in


China's


historical


course


towards


modernization,


forming


a


glorious



8


revolutionary as well as an exemplary academic tradition.


In 1916, Cai Yuanpei, our country's well known democratic revolutionary, educator and thinker, was appointed


president of Beijing University. He advanced this guiding principle for running a school:


freedom of thought and to adopt an all-embracing doctrine.


which promoted ideological liberation and academic prosperity. In 1917, Chen Duxiu, the initiator of a new cultural


movement,


was


appointed


head


of


Beijing


liberal


arts


section.


He


moved


New


Youth


magazine


from


Shanghai


to


Beijing, carrying out a vigorous attack on feudal thoughts. As a result, Beijing University became China's center of the


new cultural movement in opposing old thinking and old culture of




feudalism and advocating new thinking and a


new culture.



In the great May fourth Patriotic Movement, it was Beijing University which first lighted the revolutionary torch


of


anti-imperialism


and


anti-feudalism.


As


a


new


ideology


and


culture,


Marxism


was


the


first


to


achieve


in Beijing


University


its


primary


stage


of


propagation


in


China.


Professor


Li


Dazhao


of


Beida


was


the


first


Chinese


who


embraced and propagated Marxism. In the course of the founding of the Chinese Communist Party, the first members


of


Peking’s


Party


group


consisted


enti


rely


of


Beida


people.


Mao


Zedong


also


received


his


enlightenment


through


Marxist education in Peking University.






As China's first earliest center of education and scientific research, Beijing University has gathered China's most


brilliant specialists and scholars, continuously opened up, blazed new trails, engaged itself in reform and development


for training high-quality talent and achieving high- level scientific fruits that deeply influenced and advanced the range


of China's higher education. In 1903, the Imperial University sent its first group of 46 students to study abroad, an act


which marked the beginning of China's higher institutions sending students to study abroad. In 1920, a contingent of


three


young


women


students


were


enrolled


in


Beijing


University,


an


act


which


ushered


in


coeducation


in


China's


institutions of higher learning. In addition, it was Beijing University which first taught Marxist theory, started aesthetic


education and introduced Einstein's theory of relativity, which produced far-reaching influence in China's institutions of


higher learning.






After the founding of New China, Beijing University became a university able to boast of its rich resources of the


teaching staff and a most complete faculty of liberal arts, sciences and foreign languages. The teachers and students of


the


university


have


continued


to


bring


creative


initiative


into


full


play


and


founded


China's


first


atomic


energy


department.


In


the


60's,


the university


joined


hands


with


other


fraternal


units


and


successfully


developed


artificially


synthesized


bovine


insulin,


which


was


the


first


instance


in


the


world


of


using


artificial


means


in


the


synthesis


of


a


protein with biological energy. It produced profound theoretic and academic significance in the study of life sciences.


In the eighties, Beijing University developed a computer-laser Chinese character editing and typesetting system, which


enabled China's printing industry to end its history of lead and fire and step into a period of light and electricity. In the


nineties,


Beida


Fangzheng


has


become


an


enterprise


group,


one


producing


the


highest


benefits


among


all


China's


institutions of higher learning.


For a hundred years, Beijing University and China's many other universities together have trained and raised generation


after


generation


of


high-quality


talent.


This


university


is


closely


linked


with


the


fate


of


our


country.


Its


centenary


history serves almost as a history of rejuvenation that concentrated the ideology, culture, science and education of the


nation. It is the glory of Beijing University as well as the pride of the Chinese nation.



课文词语



Words and Expressions from the Text


usher in…




……


为开端









Imperial University



京师大学堂







Imperial College



国子监(封建社会中


国的最高学府)


The highest executive organ of education



最高教育行政管理机构



stellar representative


杰出代表




exemplary academic tradition



优良的学术传统











―to abide by the pr


inciple of freedom of thought



and to adopt an all-


embracing doctrine.‖






“循思想自由原则、取兼容并包主义”



The initiator of a new cultural movement


新文化运动的倡导者





blaze new trails



开拓精神



artificially synthesized bovine insulin












人工合成牛胰岛素
















































Chinese character editing and typesetting system












汉字编辑排版系统
























9


a history of rejuvenation









一部振兴历史



II


.口译实践




Interpretation Practice


听译下列课文



Listen to the Following Passages and Interpret Them:


第一篇(英译汉)


Passage 1 (E---C)


相关词语




Related Words and Expressions:


college


学院




nurse numbers of great people


培养大批伟人




get world wide admiration



誉满全球



endowment




资助





crimson




绯红的





lampoon




讽刺文学




award…degree


授予



学位



Finnish- American architect


芬兰籍美国建筑师




manuscript



手稿





biographer





传记作家



Among all American universities, Harvard and Yale University are the two oldest and most prestigious ones. In


their long history, they have nursed numbers of great people and thus got world wild admiration


Harvard University began in 1636 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, when a college was set up by the Massachusetts


General Court with a sum of 400 English pounds


1639


after


an


English


clergyman,


John


Harvard,


became


one


of


the


early


financial


supporters.


Today


Harvard


has


probably the world's biggest university endowment or private financial support fund. United States presidents who have


graduated from Harvard include John F·


Kennedy, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin D·


Roosevelt, John Quincy Adams


and John Adams. The Harvard University library is also the oldest in the United States, containing more than 12 million


volumes


in


its


central,


undergraduate


and


departmental


collections.


Harvard


has


had


an


important


role


in


training


Americans


for


national


and


public


office


and


two


important


schools


are


the


Harvard


Law


School


and


the


John


Fitzgerald


Kennedy


School


of


Government.


Notable


publications


produced


by


Harvard


include


the


Harvard


Law


Review and the humor magazine Harvard Lampoon. Harvard enrolment is just over 18,000.


Yale


University


was


founded


in


1701


as


the


Collegiate


School


in


Branford,


Connecticut.


It


was


moved


to


its


present


site


in New Haven


in


1716.


In


1718


it


was


named


Yale College


after Elihu


Yale,


an


English


merchant who


earned his money from the East India trade. In 1861 Yale College awarded the first Doctor of Philosophy degree in the


United States. The college officially became Yale University in 1887. Graduates have included the America presidents


William


Howard


Taft,


Gerald


Ford,


George


Bush


and


George


W.


Bush.


The


school


of


medicine


was


the


first


professional school to be set up at Yale in 1813. Some of its modern buildings were designed by the Finnish-American


architect Eero Saarinen who is a graduate of Yale. Yale library's 7.5 million volumes include collections of material


relating to the American West, the manuscripts of the journals kept by 18th-century biographer James Boswell, and the


papers of American author Gertrude Stein. Yale enrolment is about 11,000.


?



第二篇(英译汉)


Passage 2 (E---C)


相关词语



Related words and expressions


alumna


女校友





alumnus


男校友




alumni



校友(复数)




civic origin



城市的起源



Sorbonne



(巴黎)的索本神学院,巴黎大学的前身





teeming city



繁忙的城市



academia





学术界





culmination of an outstanding career




杰出事业的顶峰




barrister



律师



one-to-one tutorial



一带一导师制



academically rewarding


学术上受益






breeding ground



温床



cut their professional teeth



开始他们的职业生涯






classical music ensemble



古典乐团



rich, exalted history



丰富而声誉高的历史



For centuries, Oxford has been at Britain's intellectual heart, perhaps the most prestigious among Europe's many


ancient universities. It lies only 50 miles from London, close to the centers of power



Parliament and the Law Courts.


Oxford has attracted students and scholars from all over the world. They have gone on to achieve the highest positions


in


their


own


countries


in


politics,


administration,


science


and


the


arts.


Alumni


include


numerous


eminent


scientists,


literary


figures


and


such


overseas


politicians


as


American


President


Bill


Clinton,


Pakistani


Prime


Minister


Benazir


Bhutto and the Philippines’ President Gloria Arroyo.







Its civic origins go back to the Middle Ages. At that time, Oxford was a small town built on a mound of gravel


between two deep rivers, the Thames and the Cherwell, at a place where oxen could ford the waters. As a place of


learning Oxford's beginnings are equally distant. Legend has it that Alfred laid its foundations at the end of the ninth



10


century.


By


the


12th


century


scholars


were


teaching


in


the


town


and


their


renown


had


spread


to


the


Continent,


particularly


to


the


Sorbonne


in Paris,


then


Europe's


greatest


center


of


learning.


A


group


of English


scholars


left


the


French capital in 1167 to settle in Oxford and the place became a magnet for students and teachers from all over Britain.


Today Oxford is a large, teeming city, but the cluster of ancient university buildings in the center



colleges, libraries,


museums


and


administrative


blocks



has


remained


largely


untouched. While


most


old


universities


have


modernized


radically


to


accommodate


their


growing


populations,


Oxford


has


managed


to


expand


while


still


preserving


its


traditional collegiate structure. The 36 existing colleges, varying from the older houses to the newest such as Green, are


independent, self-governing institutions operating under the umbrella of the University of Oxford.






Few positions in academia are grander than being head of an Oxford college. Usually it is the culmination of an


outstanding


career


and


a


reward


for


decades


of


public


service.


The


post


requires


the


combined


talents


of


diplomat,


administrator and academic. As Sir Roger Bannister, former Master of Pembroke College says:


college was a new challenge, you should recognize the needs and aspirations of the students and help to realize them.


The three-year period students spend at Oxford is the most important of their lives; it shapes their future careers; the


friendships they form will last for ever.





Every year in Oxford, among thousands of applicants, only a few hundred are chosen by each college through an


increasingly competitive process. Once accepted, the undergraduates benefit from a range of traditional privileges. The


most notable and the rarest of these is the one- to-one tutorial, at which a student presents his or her work to the tutor.


The relationship of profound respect and trust that can develop between teacher and pupil over three years can be as


lasting as it is academically rewarding. Years after students have left they return to their tutors for advice and guidance.






Parallel to their academic work, students can cultivate their particular talents and interests by joining a vast range


of societies. Many of Britain's finest actors, actresses and theatre directors started their careers at the Oxford University


Dramatic Society. The Oxford Union (short for the Oxford University Debating Society) has been a breeding ground


for the country's political leaders and celebrated barristers. Debate topics there vary from politics, philosophy, religion


and ethics to less lofty subjects. The list of famous politicians who cut their professional teeth here is endless, such as


the British Prime Ministers Edward Heath and Margaret Thatcher, and the Prime Minister of other countries as well.





Another famous institution is the Oxford University Boat Club, founded in 1839. Each college has its own team of


rowers, and the best among them are chosen to form the Oxford squad. Although boating is not usually a spectator sport,


millions watch the annual duel between Oxford and Cambridge on television and tens of thousands more line the banks


of the Thames.






Oxford has a rich musical life, too. Students who play an instrument are encouraged to develop their talents. Some


form pop and rock music groups, playing at parties and dances, while others create classical music ensembles. The best


musicians are invited to join the Oxford University Orchestra.



So generations of students, scholars and teachers come and go, each adding a layer to the university's rich, exalted


history as Oxford shines everlasting.


第三篇(汉译英)


Passage 3



(C



E)


相关词语




Related Words and Expressions




皇家园林




royal garden





滋润着一代代清华学子



inspired and motivated generations of Tsinghua students
















国立清华大学




National Tsinghua University






多科性的大学




a polytechnic institution



工程技术



engineering






蓬勃发展




flourish








惊人的速度




a breath-taking pace


综合性的




comprehensive






独特的魅力





characteristic charm



治学严谨





rigorous scholarship research



中科院院士





Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences


工程院





the Chinese Academy of Engineering





教育理念





educational doctrine


学术大师、兴业之才和治国之才


outstanding scholars, eminent entrepreneurs and great statesmen


世界一流




world-class












自强不息、厚德载物




Self-discipline and Social Commitment < /p>


清华大学校园地处北京西北郊,是在几处清代皇家园林的遗址上发展而成的。清华校园周围 高等学府和名


园古迹林立。园内林木俊秀,水木清华,滋润着一代代清华学子。




清华大学的前身是清华学堂,


始建于


1911


年。


1912


年,


清华学堂更名为清华学校。


1928


年更名为



国立清

< p>


11


华大学



,并于


1929


年秋开办研究院。中华人民共和 国成立后,清华大学成为一所多科性的大学,重点是工程


技术。


1978


年以来,清华大学进入了一个蓬勃发展的新时期,恢复了理科、经济管理和人文 科学等学科。清


华以惊人的速度成为当代中国一所著名的综合性大学。

< br>



水清木华


90


载,清华散发着独特的魅力,这里治学严谨、学风浓郁,有着良好的学术水平和教学质量。清< /p>


华大学现有教职工约


7100


人,


其中中科院院士


24


名、

中国工程院院士


24


名,


正高级职 务


900


余人,


副高级职



1200


余人。清华大学的教育理念是

< p>


培养具有为社会服务之健全品格


< br>的人才。建校至今,她共培育了


10


< br>万名毕业生,其中包括一批又一批中华民族引以为自豪的学术大师、兴业之才和治国之才。清华大学一直是 全


国最优秀考生一心向往之的所在。


目前,

清华在校学生


20000


多名,


其 中本科生


12000


多名,


硕士生


6200


多名,


博士生

2800


多名。



在国家重点支持 下,清华大学面临着前所未有的机遇。跻身二十一世纪世界一流大学行列已成为今天全体


清华人的努力方向。在



自强不息、厚德载物


的精神的激励下,清华将为我们民族的富强奋斗不止。



第四篇(汉译英)



Passage 4 (C---E)


相关词语




Related Words and Expressions


企业家,事业家



entrepreneur





毕业典礼




graduation ceremony





洗脑子


brain- washing



学校的自助餐厅




cafeteria







盛行




prevail















模拟培训




simulated training


聪明的,知晓的




savvy


工商管理硕士




MBA (master of business administration)




股东




shareholder


本能,直觉能力



instinct





竞技场,比赛场





arena


去年,北京大学为来自 全国各地的


200


多名企业家创建了一所专门的培训学院。这些 企业家也像其他学生


一样,不是驾驶着豪华的轿车,而是骑着自行车来上课的。



在毕业典礼上,一位企业家说:


“在知识经济 时代,只有那些掌握了科学技术理论的人才能走在前边。



你< /p>


可能拥有豪华轿车,但这并不意味着你拥有未来社会所需要的知识。重要的是要不断学习。




这些企业家每周来上一次课,用他 们的话说是来“洗脑”或“破除旧观念,获得新思路。




授课教师是来


自社会各行业的专家,课程内容主要是关于商业计划、 市场营销、资金管理、企业发展策略以及职工培训方面


的实例分析。


邓子强是松本电器公司的总裁,一个百万富翁,但在校期间,他表面上和其他学生 没有什么区别,穿着蓝


色牛仔裤,在学生自助餐厅用餐。虽然他现在事业上很成功,但他 相信深造对于成功是所必不可少的。他说:



21


世纪是规则和条例的世纪。如果你连游戏的规则都不懂,你就不可能取胜。


” 在六个月内,邓子强学完了


他所选的九门课程,在参加营销和公共关系课期末考试时,他 非常自信,一个小时就答完了本应三个小时做完


的试题。



北京大学经济学院的副院长郑秀仪教授说:


“企业家是中国市场经济 的中坚,


他们对学院开设的这种实例分


析和模拟训练课程很感兴 趣。




郑教授指出,这些企业家们事 业一开始都很成功,但现在都面临着一些进一步


发展的问题。而学校里开设的课程将使他 们对于现代商业的规则更加了解。



北京大学同时开设国际工商 管理硕士课程。


今年


27


岁的何正,< /p>


是国际工商管理硕士班的一名学员,


七岁时


就跟着父亲学做生意。


在大学四年间,


他赚了第一个一百万。


25


岁时,


他已经成为广州一家广告公 司的大股东。


他说过五十岁时他要成为十亿富翁。


< p>
何正具有做生意的天赋。


他也承认他做决定大多依靠本能,


而不是通过对经济指标的分析。


他说,


“我既不


擅长金融事务,也不善于通过数据分析和商业模式进行管理。这些正是我需要改变的弱点。





在新世纪里 ,企业家们面临着来自知识领域越来越激烈的竞争。要想跟上新观念、掌握新技术,在大学里

进修是他们的最佳选择。




2


单元



Unit 2




商贸往来




Business and Trade


阅读材料



Reading Material


Passage 1





World Trade Organization (WTO)


The


World


Trade


Organization


(WTO)


established


on


January


1,


1995,


is


an


open,


non-discriminatory


trading


system. As a successor to the GA


TT, established in the wake of the Second World War, it is to help world trade flow


freely, fairly and predictably. Members of the WTO follow three most important principles:







the most-favored nation concept, i.e., every contracting party grants all other parties any tariff advantages that it



12

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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