-
国
际
音
标
< br>发
音
规
则
大
全
标准化管理处编码
[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ
668-MM9N]
国际音标发音规则大全
一、
26
个英文字母及发音音标如下
:
A a [ei] B b [bi:] C c
[si:] D d [di:] E e [i:] F f [ef] G g [d?i:]
H h
[eit]
I i
[ai] J j [d?ei] K k [kei] L l [el] M m [em] N
n [en] O o [
] P p [pi:]
Q q [kju:] R r
[
ɑ:
] S s [es] T t [ti:] U
u [ju:] V v [vi:]
W w
[′dblju:]
X x [eks] Y y
[wai] Z z [zi:] / [zed]
二、以
上我们可以看出
,
英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素
.
如
:
1)
含元音音素
[ei]
字母
: Aa Hh Jj Kk
音标
: [ei] [eit]
[d?ei] [kei]
2)
含元音音素
[i:]
字母
: Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp
Tt Vv
音标
: [bi:] [si:]
[di:] [i:] [d?i:] [pi:] [ti:] [vi:]
3)
含元音音素
[e]
字母
: Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx
Zz
音标
: [ef] [el] [em] [en]
[es] [eks] [zed]
4)
含元音字母
Uu
或元音音素
[u:]
字母
: Uu Qq Ww
音标: [ju:] [kju:] [′dblju:]
5)
含元音音素
[ai]
字母
: Ii Yy
音标
: [ai] [wai]
6) Don’t forget Oo
//
and
Rr
/
ɑ:/
三、区别元音字母
Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu
与元音二十
个音素。
不定冠词
a
放在辅音开头的词前；
an
放在元音开头的词前。大多
数元音字母开头的
词，一般发元音，但有些就不是，如字母
Uu
,
单词
useful, university, Euro
pean
等。
一般辅音字母开头的词发辅音，但有些就不是，如
hour, honest
这两个单词中
h
都不发
音。如：
1) an Aa
/ Ee / Ii / Oo, an Ll / Ss / Xx / Rr
an orange/apple/egg/ English teacher/
eraser / ID card/ 11-year-old
boy
；
an
hour [′a]
一小时，
an honest ma
n
一个诚实的人（这儿的
h
不发音）<
/p>
an 8-year-old boy
一位八岁的男孩
an egg
an eraser
2) a Uu/ Bb / Pp
a
useful [′jU:sful]book
一本有用的
书（这儿
u
第一个音发
/
j/
）
a
university[ju:
:n′v:st] 一座大学
a
European[′
ju:rpn] man
一位欧州人如：
There is an
“r” and
a
“u”in
the word “ruler”.
He is an
English teacher. He’ll be back in half
an hour.
I eat
an apple and a pear every day.
< br>四、英语国际音标表（
48
个）
[i:
]
[
]
[u:
]
[
a:
]
[
]
[
]
长元音
元音
单元
音
(12
个
)
(20
个
)
双元音
(8
个
)
[ai
]
[ei
]
短元音
[
]
[i]
[
]
[
]
[
]
[u]
[e]
[
]
[
i]
[i
]
[u
]
[au
]
辅音
(28
10
对
(20
清辅音
< br>
[p]
[t]
[k]
[f]
[s]
[
]
[
∫
[
]
[tr
]
[ts
]
个
)
个
)
]
[
]
[
d
?]
[dr
]
[dz
]
浊辅音
[b]
[d]
[g]
[v]
[z]
[
]
鼻音
(3
个
)
似拼音
(
3
个
)
半元
音
(2
个
)
[m]
[n]
[
]
[h]
[r]
[l]
[w]
[j]
前元音
后元音
中元音
双元音
爆破音
摩擦音
破擦音
鼻辅音
舌侧音
半元音
/i:/
/
ɑ:/
/
/
/e/
/p/
/f/
/ts/
/m/
/
/
/ j/
//
//
/:/
/a/
/b/
/v/
/dz/
/n/
/e/
/:/
//
//
/
t/
/θ/
/tr/
//
//
//
五、国
际音标
/U:/
和英语
字母在
书写方
面的联
系
从音标
到字母
//
/d/
/e/
/dr/
/a/
/
k/
/s/
/t/
//
/g/
/z/
/d/
/e/
//
//
//
/ r/
/ h/
和字母
组合
１、单
元音：
[i:]:
⑴e:he
/ w/
she me
we
these
Chinese Japanese
⑵ea:tea eat meat
sea
⑶ee:see tree
meet green teen
⑷ei:receive
⑸ey:key
⑹i:police policeman policewoman
machine
⑺eo:people
⑻ie:piece field believe
thief
[]: ⑴a:orange
cabbage
⑵ay:Sunday
holiday
⑶e:begin English
pretty cinema
⑷ey:monkey
volleyball
⑸i:it
is in big
this
⑹y:city very sorry
⑺u:busy
⑻ui:build
building
⑼ai:captain
mountain certainly
[e
]: ⑴a:any many anyone
anything anybody anywhere
⑵ai:said
paid
⑶ay:says
⑷e:pen
bed yes egg desk
⑸ea:bread
head breakfast
⑹u:bury
[]:a:bag
am and at sad happy handsome
[
ɑ:
]:
⑴a:class
banana father after
⑵al:half
palm
calm
⑶ar:car
far park arm star
party
⑷au:aunt laugh
⑸ear:heart
[
]: ⑴o: come none love other
mother another some money honey
⑵oo:blood flood
⑶ou:touch country enough young
⑷u:bus sun but cut up
us
mutton
[
:]:⑴
ear:learn
earth early heard
⑵er:her
term
⑶ir:first girl bird
skirt sir third
⑷or
在
/
w/
后
:work word world worse
worst
⑸ur:nurse turn hurt
Thursday
⑹yr:myrtle
⑺our:journalist
journal
[]:⑴
a:along about banana
Canada China
⑵e:student open
children different
differently
⑶i:holiday
April
⑷o:today welcome
police
⑸u:minus
autumn
⑹er:father
mother brother sister
player singer
winner meter
⑺or:doctor
forget mirror
color visitor
actor
⑻ar:sugar
grammar
⑼re:metre tired fire
⑽ou:delicious
previous
⑾ur:surprise
Saturday
⑿our:colour
⒀ure:picture pleasure
nature
future temperature
⒁oar:cupboard
⒂yr:martyr satyr
[u
:
]:⑴
ew:flew
grew review blew threw
⑵o:do
to who
whose whom
⑶oo:too zoo food pool boot
school
⑷ou:soup
group
through
⑸u:blue glue June
⑹ui:fruit
juice
⑺oe:shoe
[
]:⑴o:woman wolf
⑵oo:book look good foot
⑶oul:could would should
⑷u:put sugar full push
[]:⑴([w])a:want wash watch
what
⑵o:hot on not
sorry
dog
⑶ou:cough
⑷au:Australia
[
:
]:⑴(w)a:water
⑵al:all ball call fall hall mall small
talk tall wall
walk
⑶([w])ar:warm quarter
war
⑷au:August autumn
daughter
caught taught
⑸aw:draw saw law
⑹oor:door floor
⑺ore:more before
⑻or:or for short sport
⑼ou:bought brought thought
fought
⑽our:four
your
⑾awe:awe awed
aweless
⑿
oar:board blackboard
cupboard keyboard
⒀o:story
２、双元音：
[a?
]:⑴i:time like nice fine
five
write
⑵y:my
by why
⑶i(g):sign
high light right
⑷
ie:die lie tie
(5)ei: height
[e?
]:⑴a:name cake game
face
place
⑵ai:rain train wait
straight
⑶ay:
day
may okay play today yesterday
⑷ei:veil vein
⑸
ei(gh):eight eighteen
eighty
⑹ey:they
⑺ea:great break
[]:⑴e:zero cereal serious
⑵ea:real really idea cereal
⑶ere:here
⑷ear:ear dear hear near
clear
⑸eer:beer deer
pioneer
[]:⑴o:go no nose
home
⑵ow:
show
know yellow window
⑶oa:goat
boat
coat
⑷ou:shoulder
though
although
⑸oe:woe
[]:⑴ure:sure
⑵oor:poor
⑶our:tour
tourist
[a?
]:⑴ou:out about house
blouse
mouse mouth
⑵ow:how now cow
bow
[e?
]:⑴air:air
hair chair
fair unfair
⑵are:care hare parent
careful carefully
⑶ear:pear
wear bear
⑷ere:there
where
⑸
eir:their
theirs
⑹a:Mary
[]:⑴oi:oil toilet boil soil
join
⑵oy:boy toy
employee
３、辅音：
清浊成对辅音：
[p]-[b]
[t]-[d] [k]-[g] [f]-[v] [s]-[z]
[
θ
]-[e] []-[] [ts]-[dz]
[t?]-
[d?] [tr]-[dr]
清音浊化：清辅音
[p] [t] [k] [tr]
等在
[s]
后重读时由送气音变为不送气音，即
发其浊
辅音
[b] [d] [g] [dr]
，但音标仍写成清辅音。如：
sport[sp
:
t]
，
student[
< br>′
stju:d?nt]
，
sky[ska?], street[stri:t]
。但弱读时
[s]
后的清辅音仍读请
辅音，不读相对的浊辅音。如：<
/p>
hostess[
′
hsts]
。
[p
]:⑴p:pen map help cheap
pencil paper
⑵pp:apple happy
appear
[b
]:⑴b:bag
by bed boy bus blue
⑵bb:rabbit cabbage
[t
]:⑴t:ten time not
get
table
⑵tt:bottle bottom little
pretty
⑶ed:watched washed
cooked helped danced
dressed
laughed
[d
]:⑴d:desk door day dog
⑵dd:add daddy
middle
⑶ed:played cleaned
climbed answered
arrived called studied
emptied enjoyed
cried
[k
]:⑴c:cat come cut clock
cry
picture bloc
⑵cc:
occasion according
occupy acclaim
⑶ch:scho
ol Christmas
chemistry technology stomach
⑷k:book bike cake kite Kate
look
⑸ck:black duck clock
jacket cock
⑹q:Iraq coq
⑺que:unique
technique
[g
]:⑴g:go girl big
get
⑵gg:egg bigger
biggest
⑶gu:guess
guest
⑷gue:dialogue
⑸gh:ghyll ghost
[f
]:⑴f:five fish fine family
fifteen
⑵ph:photo phone
elephant photograph
physics
⑶gh:laugh enough
⑷ff:off coffee
[v
]:⑴v:very five
have
⑵f:of
[s
]:⑴c:nice city
cycle
bicycle
⑵s:sit six some bus use us desk
books
⑶ss:miss class glass
grass
⑷sc:science
scientist scene
⑸ps:psalm
psywar
[z
]:⑴s:is
his please music lose husband apples
⑵es:leaves thieves knives
wives
cities countries
⑶z:zoo zero
⑷zz:buzz
[
θ
]:th:three
thank month thin math
[e
]:⑴th:this the with
than
clothes clothing
⑵the:breathe
soythe
[]:⑴sh:she shoe short
shop wash
⑵s:sure
Asia
⑶c:
special
sufficient delicious
⑷t:station national patient
collection
⑸ss:Russia
profession
⑹ch:machine
[]:⑴s:usually television
pleasure
⑵z:seizure
⑶ge:garage
[ts
]:⑴ts:shirts hurts coats
costs goats
its
⑵t’s:Let’s
it
’
s
that
’
s
what
’
s
⑶tes:kites gates dates
⑷zz:pizza
[dz
]:⑴ds:beds birds hands
friends
⑵des:decides
[t?
]:⑴ch:chair much lunch
China
⑵tch:watch
catch match
⑶t:
picture
question future natural nature
[d?
]:⑴g(e):age
page huge orange
⑵g:gentle
gentleman general
⑶dge
:bridge porridge
judge
⑷j:jump jacket just
June Jim
July
⑸ch:sandwich
[tr]:tr:tree trip try true truth
truly
[dr]:dr:dress drive
hundred children
４、单个辅音：
[h]:
⑴h:he her have hand head
hair
⑵(w)h:who whom
whose
whole
[l
]:⑴l:let look please lake
people
until
⑵ll:tell full till bell
⑶(t)l(e):whistle
[r
]:⑴r:red right
three
⑵rr:sorry worry hurry
carry carrot
⑶(w)r:write wrong
[m
]:⑴m:man meat meet
time
⑵mm:common
communicate
⑶m(b):climb lamb
⑷m(n):autumn
[n
]:⑴n:name nice nine near
under
⑵(k)n:know
knife
⑶nn:Ann
⑷(m)n:mnemonics
[]:⑴ng:sing long young
morning
⑵n(k):thank
think
ink pink
⑶n(g):English
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