-
北京林业大学
2017
—
2018
学年第
1
学期学位考试试卷
D.
Leave this room quickly.
4.
A. Supportive.
B. Pleased.
C. Hesitant.
D. Opposed.
5.
A. She should
go to see a doctor at once.
B.
She deserves his sympathy.
C. She was
allowed to give her presentation.
D. She can ask
the professor for an apology.
6.
A. It is perfect in each possible way.
B. It can bring many good neighbors.
C. It is nearer to her
p
arents? home.
D.
It has advantages and disadvantages.
7.
A. They are of the same
opinion.
B. They are reading the same book.
C. They are reading in the same room.
D.
They are writing about the same topic.
8.
A. She has no school
assignment.
B. She can?t go to the
concert.
C. She?d like
to go to the concert.
D.
She will attend a concert next week.
9.
A. Read grammar books.
B.
Learn grammar from reading.
C. Talk to
native speakers.
D. Do grammar
exercises.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will
hear two mini-talks. At the end of each talk,
there will be some
questions. Both the
talks and the questions will be read to you only
once. After each question, there
will
be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the
best answer from the four choices given by
1
试卷名称：
硕士英语一外
班级
学号
姓名
成绩
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1.
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2.
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5.
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Part I
Listening
(20 points, 1 point each)
Section A
Directions: In this
section, you will hear nine short conversations
between two speakers. At the end
of
each
conversation
a
question
will
be
asked
about
what
was
said.
The
conversations
and
the
questions
will be read only once. Choose the best answer
from the four choices given by marking
the corresponding letter with a single
bar across the square brackets on your Answer
Sheet.
1.
A. She
had a drink with her elder brother.
B.
She has already given up drinking.
C.
She used to look like her elder brother.
D. She didn?t drink with her elder
brother.
2.
A. 68511688.
B. 68156608.
C. 86150608.
D. 68156688.
3.
A. Listen to some soft
music.
B. Switch off the light.
C. Help the woman out.
marking
the
corresponding
letter
with
a
single
bar
across
the
square
brackets
on
your
machine-
scored Answer Sheet.
Mini-talk One
10. A. Those with a
three-
year bachelor?s
degree.
B. Those with a master?s
degree or its equivalents.
C. Those with a
potential to excel academically.
D. Those who
are new to academic research.
11. A. By
September 1 of each year.
B. By December 15 of each
year.
C. In the fall of each year.
D.
By early March each year.
12. A. The
work of fellow researchers.
B. Requirements
for PhD oral defense.
C. The school?s
intellectual environment.
D. Individual
research interests of students.
Mini-talk Two
13. A. Purple
and pink.
B. Black and white.
C. Red and
yellow.
D. Orange and blue.
14. A.
Calm.
B. Excited.
C. Creative.
D. Alert.
15. A.
Curiosity.
B. Creativity.
C.
Tranquility.
D. Affection.
Section C
Directions: In
this section, you will hear a short lecture.
Listen to the recording and complete the
notes
about
the
lecture.
You
will
hear
the
recording
twice.
After
the
recording
you
are
asked
to
write
down your answers on the Answer Sheet. You now
have 25 seconds to read the notes below.
16.
Tourism
can
be
sustainable
……
so
that
potential
_______
_____
(two
words)
on
the
host
community do not
surpass the financial benefits.
2
17.
The
tourism
industry
also
provides
opportunities
for
small-scale
businesses,
which
is
especially important in _______________
(two words).
18. Tourism encourages the
preservation of traditional customs, folk music
and festivals that
________________
(two words) have been lost.
19.
Tourism,
particularly
ecotourism,
helps
promote
________________
(three
words)
and
natural resources.
20. It
also helps generate funding for maintaining animal
preserves and marine parks through
________________ (two words) and guide
fees.
Part II Paraphrase (10 points, 2
points each)
Directions: Read the
following sentences and then paraphrase them.
1.
Unless you
seem sincere when you give compliments during a
conversation, you are not
going to get
a good response.
2.
It has long been known that Cairo is
the most populous city on earth, but no-one knew
exactly how populous it was until last
month.
3.
This
is
likely
to
be
an
underestimate
as
the
screening
was
voluntary
and
a
number
of
clients
declined the screening altogether.
4.
Brown
recommended that older adults structure their days
by maintaining a regular cycle
and
planning activities that give them pleasure,
purpose and a reason for living.
5.
In
developed
countries
there
are
rigorous
standards
for
food
preparation,
whereas
in
poverty-stricken
countries the main issue is the availability of
adequate safe water.
Part III Put the
selected sentences in the correct order (10
points, 2 points
each)
Directions: The following passage is
selected from the Abstract of a research paper.
Please fill
in the blanks with the
appropriate sentences listed below the passage.
1.
_________________________
_________________________________________.
In
this paper we broadly
characterize trends in global forest area by
intensity of management, and
provide an
overview of changes in global carbon stocks
associated with managed forests. 2. __
__________________________________________________
___________________.
The
area of global forests has declined by
3% since 1990 but the area of planted forest has
increased
in all regions of the world
and now accounts for almost 7% of global forest
land. The area of
primary forest, which
is typically defined as lacking direct human
influence, is about 34% of all
forest
land according to country reports, but the area is
declining especially in South America
and
Africa
because
of
human-
caused
habitat
fragmentation
and
degradation.
3.
________________________
__________________________________________. As a
result
of increasing management
intensity, the area of unmanaged forest, typically
defined as land
lacking
protected
status
or
a
management
plan,
dropped
significantly
since
1990
and
now
comprises only 21% of global forests.
There have been significant increases in areas of
forest
used
for
non-wood
forest
products
such
as
protection
of
soil
and
water,
conservation
of
biodiversity, and provision of social
services. Globally, timber production has been
relatively
stable since 1990, but
increasing areas of forest used for non-wood
forest products indicates that
harvesting
is
taking
place
on
a
smaller
proportion
of
the
total
forest
area.
4.
________
__________________________________________________
_____.
Established
forests
currently offset about 30% of global emissions of
CO
2
from fossil fuel use,
and there are
mitigation opportunities
involving forests that could increase the gross
terrestrial C uptake from
roughly 4.0
to 6.2 Pg C annually.
5.
___
__________________________________________
______________________.
In
the
future,
indirect
human
influences
such
as
increasing
atmospheric CO
2
and climate change, along with the direct effects
of land management and
projected
increasing
demand
for
wood
biofuel,
are
likely
to
become
increasingly
important
elements that
influence land management strategies and the role
of forests in the global carbon
cycle.
A.
Concurrently, the area of
naturally regenerated forest that is not
classified as primary forest has
declined.
B.
We
discuss different interpretations of
??management?? and highlight some important
accounting
and analysis issues.
C.
Global
forests
are
increasingly
affected
by
land-use
change,
fragmentation,
changing
management
objectives, and degradation.
D.
However,
our
results
suggest
that
a
diversifying
use
of
forest
land
may
have
significant
consequences for
maintaining or increasing the current rate of
terrestrial carbon sequestration.
E.
Based on trends in the area of managed
forest and regional studies, it is clear that
historical and
3
current forest management has been a
very significant determining factor of current
carbon
stocks.
Part IV Cloze (10 points, 1 point each)
There is no doubt that air pollution is
a global crisis: it causes an annual death
1
of
6.5
million.
That
is
double
the
total
number
of
people
lost
2
HIV/AIDS,
tuberculosis
and
malaria
3
,
and
four
times
the
number
killed
on
the
world?s roads.
Half the
early deaths result from outdoor air pollution
that is far more dispersed and harder
to
4
.
Air pollution has increased the
5
of mental illness, diabetes
and kidney disease.
It
is
even
thought
to
be
prematurely
ageing
the
faces
of
city
dwellers
by
accelerating
wrinkles and age
__6
. What?s worse, almost 90% of the
world?s children live where
outdoor air
pollution
7__
WHO limits.
Increasing efforts
8
global warming by cutting
the fossil fuel consumption will
help
cut
air
pollution.
Some
major
world
cities
are
also
doing
something
9
traffic
smog
by
setting
dates
10
the
worst
polluting
cars will
be
banned. The
huge
cuts
in
health costs that could be achieved
with cleaner air are becoming better understood.
1.
A. amount
B. sector
C.
toll
D. equivalent
2.
A. in
B. to
C.
for
D. by
3.
A. combined
B. united
C. integrated
D. connected
4.
A. deal
B. cope
C. cherish
D. tackle
5.
A. incident
B. incidence
C. accident
D. instance
6.
A. spots
B.
areas
C. sections
D. spans
7.
A. recedes
B. succeeds
C.
exceeds
D.
precedes
8.
A.
of fighting
B.
to fighting
C. for fight
D. to fight
9.
A. for
B. with
C. about
D. from
10. A. in which
B.
for which
C. about which
D. by which
Part V Reading
Comprehension (20 points, 1 point each)
Directions: In this part of the test,
there are four short passages. Read each passage
carefully, and
then do the questions
that follow. Choose the best answer from the four
choices given and answer
the questions
on your Answer Sheet.
Passage One
Despite
the
enormous
contribution
of
the
music
industry
to
the
UK
economy
and
the
huge
benefits
to
children,
the
government
remains
quiet
about
its
importance
in
schools,
but
instead
announced plans to
try mental health training for pupils recently. It
has not dawned on politicians
that this
can be achieved through the arts.
Music
education
has
become
harder
to
access
since
2010,
when
new
measures
were
introduced
to
boost
the
number
of
students
studying
science
and
languages,
and
since
then
the
number
of
students
taking
music
at
A-level
has
dropped
by
about
9%
as
teachers
homed
in
on
“academic”
subjects.
Children
are
compelled
to
take
up
private
tuition,
putting
those
who
cannot
afford
such
lessons at a disadvantage. In 2014, the
National Children?s Orchestra of Great Britain
found that
out of its members aged 7 to
13, nearly 70% of those at state school received
private education. In
2012-13, only 10%
of music students at universities came from black,
Asian and minority ethnic
backgrounds.
But that?s not the only problem. For a
creative subject, music has always been taught in
a far
too
academic
way,
meaning
that
theoretical
knowledge is
the
main
route
to
advancement.
While
there are routes into
musical careers for the untrained, there are also
dozens of choirs and amateur
collectives that put a huge focus on
musical notation.
This is an obscure,
tricky language that can only be read by a small
number of people, most of
whom have
benefited from private education. Children who
cannot comprehend it are written off
even when they are capable performers.
The insistence on theoretical
understanding is supported by the Associated Board
of the Royal
Schools of Music, which
sets the most widely-used music exams. To meet its
requirements, pupils
must
work
through
limited
repertoires
of
old,
mostly
classical
music,
focusing
their
efforts
on
mastering musical literacy, above
songwriting, composing or enjoyment.
So
there is not only a wealthy elite presiding over
music, but an academic one, which decides
4
what
sort
of
knowledge
and
ability
make
children
competent
–
even
though,
like
artists,
musicians vary
immensely in their tastes, tools and learning
mechanisms.
Sure, we may not be able to
tell the difference between a low sound and a high
sound,
but we can play our favorite
songs. That is all I wanted from music.
I
worry
that
the
current
state
of
play
means
many
children
are
locked
out.
As
a
discipline, music needs to
attract a bigger crowd. Diversity breeds
diversity, and teaching is
where this
needs to start.
1.
It can be inferred from the first two
paragraphs that ______.
A.
politicians are aware of the importance
of music
B.
music
education is worsening around the country
C.
arts have
little to do with mental health training
D.
students
prefer music to science or languages
2.
Which of the
following is
NOT
one of the
problems with music education?
A.
Children have
to receive private music education.
B.
Excessive
weight is given to theoretical knowledge.
C.
Music tests
focus on knowledge of classical music.
D.
Children are
taught to write songs or compose music.
3.
In Paragraph
Eight, the author expresses the belief that
______.
A.
learners of music should try to be
professional
B.
music can be learned from your favorite
songs
C.
music is
learned mainly for personal enjoyment
D.
many people
actually know little about music
4.
The author
argues in the last paragraph that ______.
A.
current
teaching methods of music lack variety
B.
classical
music should be made more popular
C.
not everyone
can become a great musician
D.
music learning
requires rigorous disciplines
5.
It can be
inferred from this passage that advanced music
education in the UK ______.
A.
has become
much more accessible
B.
will be written off from school
curricula