Planet Earth II《地球脉动》第2季第6集：城市_BBC(中英对照)

Planet Earth II

地球脉

动< /p>

第

2

季第

6

集

:

城市

_BBC

这是地球上最新兴的栖息地

This is the newest habitat on Earth.

在这里

动物们不得不

It's here that animals have to contend

与地球表面

with the greatest change

最剧烈的变革相抗衡

that is happening to the face of our planet.

未来十年内

城市面积预计将

In this decade, the urban environment

扩张约百分之三十

is predicted to grow by nearly 30%.

这也许会对动物的生命造成威胁

It may appear hostile to animal life,

但对于勇者来说

but for the bold,

这是一个充满奇妙机遇的世界

this is a world of surprising opportunity.

印度焦特布尔市

Jodhpur, India.

一群单身的雄性长尾叶猴

A gang of bachelor male langurs

前来挑战这块领地的雄性首领

has

come

to

challenge

the

resident

alpha

male.

他统治着这片珍贵的城市领土

This

alpha

rules

over

a

valuable

urban

territory.

但维护权威是一场长期的斗争

But maintaining dominance here is a constant

struggle.

单身雄猴们联合起来试图推翻猴王

The

bachelors

have

united

to

try

and

overthrow him.

如果他们胜利了

其中一位挑战者

If they win, one of the challengers

将继承猴王的后宫

will take over the alpha's troop of females,

并杀死他的幼崽

and may kill his infants.

这个单身猴群里有十五只公猴

There are 15 males in this bachelor group.

猴王必须把他们全部逐出自己的领地

The alpha must evict every single one of them

from his territory.

他已经赶走了半数挑战者

He has chased half the bachelors away,

但有一支小分队折了回来

but a splinter group has looped back

正在骚扰他的母猴们

and is harassing his females.

他不得不再次加入战斗

Once again, he has to battle.

终于赶走了所有来犯者

Finally, he manages to expel them all.

他凯旋而归

He returns home victorious,

但右腿受了重伤

but with a serious wound on his right leg.

对他而言

城市生活布满荆棘

It's a hard life for him in the city.

每天都上演着入侵驱逐战

Keeping

the

intruders

away

is

a

daily

challenge.

但一切都值得

But it's worth it.

对长尾叶猴来说

For these urban territories

这边城区也许是世上最优良的栖息地

are probably the best langur territories in the

world.

因为遍地都是觅食场

They're filled with rich feeding grounds.

在这些寺院花园中

Here in the temple gardens,

几百年来

长尾叶猴与人类

the langurs have, over centuries,

建立了一种奇妙的关系

developed a surprising relationship.

这层关系为猴群提供了

One that guarantee's them

源源不断的食物

a constantly replenished source of food.

当地人将长尾叶猴视为

The people here associate langurs

印度教中猴神哈奴曼的化身

with the Hindu God, Lord Hanuman,

对他们毕恭毕敬

and revere them.

珍馐佳肴

应有尽有

They're given all the food they can eat.

优质饮食带来了生育高峰

And

this

high- energy

diet

has

led

to

a

baby

boom.

城市里雌性长尾叶猴的生育率

Female langurs in this city

是森林中同类的两倍

give

birth

to

twice

as

many

young

as

their

forest counterparts.

这只母猴伙食很好

奶水充足到

This mother is so well fed that her rich milk

能养育起野外极其罕见的小生命

can

support

something

rarely

seen

in

the

wild.

双胞胎

Twins.

这些幼崽聚集成群

And all these babies can create troops

队伍比周边森林里的要大得多

that

are

far

larger

than

those

found

in

the

forests nearby.

觅食时间缩短

使得他们

With less time spent looking for food,

有更多时间可以玩耍

there is more time for play.

生活在城市中好处良多

The rewards of living in a city can be huge.

难的是如何寻找自己的一席之地

The challenge is to find your niche.

纽约

New York City.

这座高楼林立的城市

This densely built-up landscape

与地球上许多地方一样远离自然

is as unnatural as anywhere on Earth.

而这只游隼正站在高处

And yet, this wild peregrine falcon

俯瞰这座城市

looks out onto an ideal habitat.

奇怪的是

这片变化巨大的土地

Strange

as

it

may

seem,

this

vastly-altered

landscape

竟然重现了游隼进化的生境

replicates

the

conditions

in

which

peregrines

evolved.

高耸的建筑上面有许多平台

The

towering

buildings

have

a

multitude

of

ledges

可供游隼筑巢

on which falcons can nest,

鸟巢高度也足够他们乘风飞翔

and the high perches that they need to catch

the wind.

纽约市的游隼密度

New York City has the highest density

居世界之最

of nesting peregrines anywhere on the planet.

风被摩天大楼阻挡后会向上偏转

Winds striking the sides of the skyscrapers

有利于游隼飞得更高

are deflected upwards and can help the birds

gain height.

烈日下大面积的混凝土散发的热量

And the great areas of concrete

形成上升热气流

roasting in the sun create thermals,

游隼不费吹灰之力

so that, with very little effort,

便可以在城市上空翱翔

the birds can soar over the city.

不计其数的游隼定居于此

And so many peregrines can live here,

是因为城市近地面

because down at street level,

生活着许多猎物

there is a lot of potential prey.

游隼俯冲时的飞行时速

Diving

from

height,

the

falcons

can

reach

speeds

超过时速

322

公里

of over 200 miles an hour.

但猎物躲在低处

离建筑物很近

But their prey stay down low and close to the

buildings.

风险太大了

Too risky.

它停止了俯冲

The peregrine pulls out of his stoop.

但辛苦不会白费

But the effort is not wasted.

游隼需要将猎物驱赶到开阔地带

The

falcons

need

to

flush

their

prey

into

the

open.

曼哈顿四面环水

And Manhattan is surrounded by water.

出城以后可谓胜券在握

Out here the odds change.

正中游隼下怀

And in the peregrine's favour.

一年到头都有着丰富的食物

With abundant prey here all year round,

游隼在此建立栖息地

it has taken only 40 years

仅用了四十年

for these falcons to establish themselves here.

穿梭在摩登大厦中

And

now,

among

skyscrapers,

they're

more

successful

与旷野中的同类相比

它们更胜一筹

than their cousins living in the wilderness.

印度孟买人口超过两千万

Mumbai, in India, is home to over 20 million

people.

也生存着许多猎食者

And there are predators here

尽管难得一见

也着实令人胆战心惊

that, though rarely seen, are rightly feared.

食肉动物们

Carnivores,

正向着毫无戒心的猎物

lured

by

the

prospect

of

plentiful

unsuspecting prey

一步步靠近

are on the prowl.

一只金钱豹

A leopard.

在夜色的掩护下

他们每晚都会出来猎食

Every night, under the cover of darkness they

come out to hunt.

大型食肉动物需要

These are big animals,

寻找大型猎物才能充饥

and

they're

looking

for

large

prey

to

satisfy

their hunger.

为了多捕捉一些画面

To catch more than a glimpse of them

揭示他们的猎食行为

and reveal their hunting behaviour,

我们需要夜视摄像机

you need night-vision cameras.

在过去的二十五年里

Leopards

have

attacked

almost

200

people

here

金钱豹袭击过约两百个人

in the last 25 years.

但人类并不是他们日常的捕食对象

But humans are not their usual prey.

这些金钱豹在寻找其他猎物

These leopards are on the hunt for something

else.

猪

Pigs.

他们更喜欢人类圈养在城市里

These

leopards

prefer

to

hunt

the

domestic

animals

数量可观的家畜

that

people

have

brought

to

the

city

in

considerable numbers.

猪喜欢群居

The pigs keep their family close.

城市里无休止的嘈杂为金钱豹提供了便利

The

ceaseless

noise

of

the

city

plays

to

their

advantage.

掩盖了他们的脚步

It conceals their approach.

金钱豹利用掩护

And the leopards are using this cover

能在全城各地捕猎

to hunt all over the city.

这个种群日益繁荣

This is a thriving population.

事实上

世界上金钱豹数量最多的地方

In fact, the highest concentration of leopards

in the world

就是这里

is right here.

充足的食物

It's not only the abundance of food

并不是吸引野生动物迁入城市的唯一要素

that attracts wild animals to cities.

城市的气温通常比郊外略高几度

They're

usually

several

degrees

warmer

than

the surrounding countryside.

十二月的罗马

And here in Rome, in December,

有一种动物充分利用着这丝温暖

one

animal

is

taking

full

advantage

of

this

extra heat.

在城市中留下自己的印记

And it's leaving it's mark.

冬季的每一天

In a single winter's day,

都有十吨粪便雨降临这座城市

ten tonnes of its droppings rain down on the

city.

欧椋鸟

Starlings.

夜晚

它们在郊外摄食后

In the evening, they come back to the warmth

of the city

返回温暖的城市

after feeding in the neighbouring countryside.

它们必须返回栖息地

They must return to their roosting trees.

但第一个回来的最有可能

But the first to do so are at the highest risk

被猛禽袭击

of being caught by birds of prey.

所以它们等候大部队一同抵达

So, they wait for others to arrive.

数量越多就越安全

There's safety in numbers.

天光渐暗

As daylight fades,

城市上空被数百万只欧椋鸟占据

the

sky

fills

with

a

staggering

one

million

starlings.

上演一场蔚然壮观的自然演出

And

then

follows

one

of

nature's

great

spectaculars.

它们是如何

又是为何成群起舞

How,

or

indeed

why,

they

perform

these

marvellous aerobatics,

至今我们还无法完全理解

we still do not fully understand.

最终

它们会成群结队地降落

Eventually, en masse, they brave the descent

挑选最喜欢的树枝落脚

and fill the branches of their favourite trees.

在这样寒冷的冬夜里

On

these

cold

winter

nights,

the

city's

extra

warmth

城市的温暖可能事关生死存亡

can

mean

the

difference

between

life

and

death.

城市不仅能提供大量食物与庇护所

A city, of course, can provide

还有许多宝藏

not

only

shelter

and

abundant

food,

but

glamour.

这些精心挑选的小物件

These

varied

objects

have

been

carefully

chosen

颜色鲜艳

溢彩流光

by a bird for their brightness and their colour.

这只园丁鸟花了十余年时间

This great bowerbird has spent over a decade

收集了这些物品

其中大部分是人造装饰

building

this

collection

of

mostly

man-made

objects.

澳大利亚汤斯维尔市的高尔夫球场上

Out on a golf course in Townsville, Australia,

他正在为这座巨型凉亭做最后的修饰

he's putting the final touches to his enormous

bower,

争取能够博得来访雌鸟的青睐

that he hopes will impress a visiting female.

他每天都会花两小时来调整装饰物的布局

He spends two hours each day rearranging his

prized objects.

放在那边可能更好看一点

that

would

look

a

little

better

over

there.

可似乎还是差了点什么

But it seems that something is missing.

他没有进城去找新装饰

Instead

of

going

into

town

to

collect

new

objects,

而是决定抢劫邻居

he's decided to raid his neighbour's bower.

晾衣夹

太棒了

还有一辆闪亮的玩具车

如果被发现就不好玩了

It's a risky game if you get caught.

主人回来了

The owner is back.

有一座凉亭

值得去冒险

There is one bower where the risk is worth it.

一件特别的物品吸引了他的目光

A particular object has caught his eye.

他需要等主人离开

He'll have to wait for the owner to leave.

机会来了

This is his chance.

这是真正的宝贝

A real treasure.

深红色的心

A scarlet heart.

拿到了

供雌鸟参观的舞台已经准备就绪

The stage is now set for female visitors.

他似乎很走运

His luck may be in.

可以开始尽情引诱了

The seduction can now begin.

他开始炫耀自己的收藏

He's showing off his best goods.

这个塑料管怎么样

我还有鲜艳的红丝线

但这位访客似 乎兴趣缺缺

But his guest doesn't seem to be paying much

attention.