-
Unit 13
We
’
re trying to save the
earth!
知识导航
语言目标
谈论污染和环境保护。
Section A
重点单词
1. litter
v.
乱扔
n.
垃圾
2. bottom
n.
底部
3. coal
n.
煤
4. ugly
adj.
丑陋的
5. cost
v.
花费
n.
花费
6. wooden
adj.
木制的
(wood
n.
木材
)
7. plastic
adj.
塑料的
n.
塑料
8.
method
n.
方法
9.
cruel
adj.
残酷的
10. harmful
adj.
有害的
(harm
n.
害处
)
11. industry
n.
工业
12. law
n.
法律
13. afford
v.
承担得起
重点短语
a difference
起作用；有影响
2. take part in
参加
3.
turn off
关掉
4. pay for
付费；付出代价
5. cut down
减少
6. lead to
导致
7.
hear of
听说
8. cut off
切除
重点句型
’
re trying to
save the earth.
我们在努力拯救地球。
2. The rive used to be so clean.
这河流过去是如此的清澈。
3.
The air is badly polluted.
空气被严重污染。
4. The
method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the
environment.
这种方法不仅残酷，而且对环境也
有害。
Section B
重点单词
1. recycle
v.
回收利用
2. gate
n.
大门
3.
bottle
n.
瓶子
4.
president
n
.
负责人
5. work
n.
作品
6.
metal
n.
金属
重点短语
1. throw away
扔掉
2. put sth. to good use
好好利用
3. put
…
down
拆下
4.
upside down
上下颠倒
5. bring back
恢复
重点句型
1. And the gate in front of
her house is made of rocks and old glass bottles.
她房子的前门是由岩石和旧
玻璃瓶子制成的。
< br>
2. Not only can the art bring
happiness to others, but it also shows that even
cold, hard iron can be brought
back to
life with a little creativity.
不仅艺术品能给人
们带来快乐，而且冰冷坚硬的钢铁在艺术创作下
也恢复了生命。
核心语法
1.
复习现在进行时、
used
to
句型、被动语态、现在完成时和情态动词。
Section A (1a-2d)
【基础预习】
I.
写出下面单词的意思。
1.
littler ______
2. bottom ________
3. fisherman _____ 3. coal __________
5. ugly ________
6.
advantage ______
7. cost ________
8. wooden ________
9.
plastic _______
II.
把下面的短语与汉语意思搭配。
1.
make a difference
A.
参与
2. cut down
B.
充满
3. lead to
C.
减少
4. be full of
D.
起作用
5. play a
part in
E.
导致
【重点讲练】
1. The air
has become really polluted around here.
这儿的空气已经被污染了。
辨析：
turn, get
与
become
⑴
become
多指身份、职位等的变化，它强调变化的过程已经完成，后面可接名词或形容词。
He becomes a teacher.
他成了一名老师。
⑵
get
多
用于口语，表示一种变化过程，强调的是“渐渐变得”，后常接形容词的比较级形式。
In winter the days get shorter.
冬季白天变得较短。
⑶
turn
指在颜色和性质等方面与以前的完全不同，强调变化的结果。
Leaves turned brown in the mountains.
山里的树叶已变成了棕色。
【小试牛刀】用
turn, get
和
become
填空。
①
Her mother ____
angry when she heard the news.
②
It’s
_____ darker and darker
outside.
③
The milk has _____ bad.
2.
To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus
or subway instead of driving.
为了减少空气污
染，我们应该乘坐公共汽车或者地铁，而不是开车。
cut down
意为“减少”；是“动词
< br>+
副词”结构的短语，所带的宾语为名词时，宾语可位于
down
的
前面或后面；为代词时，只能位于
< br>down
前面。
You
’
d better cut
the article down to about 2,000 words.
你最好能把这篇文章压到两千字左右。
【拓展】
cut down
还可表示“砍倒”的意思。
They
cut down the big tree.
他们砍倒了这棵大树。
cut
off
切断；切除
cut into
把……切成……
切碎
cut up
插队
cut in
【小试牛刀】单项选择
—
Did you tell it to Jack?
—
Yes, but we
were ____ in the middle of our telephone
conversation.
A. cut down
B.
cut off
C. cut up
D. cut into
3. It
’
s good for
health and it doesn
’
t cost
anything!
它对身体有好处并且不会花费任何东西。
辨析：
spend, cost, take, pay
花费
spend
cost
take
pay
主语
人
物或事
事或人
人
表示的内容
宾语可以是钱、精力、时间等。
后接
life, money, health, time<
/p>
等，侧重于
“
花费
”
的代价。
它说明事情完成“花费了……”。
意
思是“支付”，作为及物动词，宾语可以是
“
人
”
、
“
钱
”
人
宾语为
“
物
”
、
“
事
”
，<
/p>
for
表示支付的原因
pay for
【小试牛刀】单项选择
1.
—
Do you take exercise every
day?
—
Yes. I always
___thirty minutes after supper.
A
.
spend
B. cost
C. take
D. pay
2. I _________ $$300
for the bike.
A. took
B.
spent
C. cost
D
. paid
【达标训练】
Ⅰ
.
用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。
cost, wood, coal, bottom, litter
1. Don
’
t throw
_____ (
垃圾
) everywhere.
2. In winter, many people
burn ____ (
煤
) to keep warm.
3. The police found a body
at the ____ (
底部
) of the
lake.
4. The _____
(
费用
) of living in big cities
is very high.
5. He keeps a
rabbit in a big ____ (
木制的
)
box.
II.
单项选择。
1. He ____
go out with his parents, but now he ____ staying
at home alone.
A.
used to; is used to
B. is used to; used to
C.
use to; is used to
D. is used to; is
used to
2. The interesting book _____
me 10 yuan.
A.
spent
B. took
C. paid
D
. cost
3. We must do something
useful to ____ pollution.
A. cut off
B.
cut up
C. cut down
D. cut in
4. Smoking can _____ lung cancer.
You
’
d better give it up.
A. work on
B. lead to
C. take away
D. put out
5.
—
What are the _____ of bike
riding?
—
It can
help cut down air pollution.
A. advantages
B. reasons
C. results
D.
ideas
III.
根据汉语提示完成下面的句子。
1.
多一个人少一个人无所谓。
One person
wouldn
’
t ____ ____ ____.
2.
这个木箱时装满了书。
The ____ box ____ ____ ____
books.
3.
不健康的饮食对这种疾病的传播起一定的作用。
Unhealthy foods ___ ___ ___ ___ the
spread of the disease.
4.
这条小路通向公园。
The path ____
____ the park.
5.
我错拿了你的包。
I took your bag
____ ____ mine by mistake.
Section A (3a-4c)
【基础预习】
I.
根据汉语提示写出下面句中所缺的单词。
1. I have a simple and easy ____
(
方法
) to solve the problem.
2. We
shouldn
’
t be ____
(
残忍的
) to animals.
3.
It
’
s ____
(
有害的
) to your health to
drink to much.
4. The city
is the _____ (
工业
) center of
the country.
5. The car is
too expensive, I can
’
t ___
(
买得起
) it.
II.
写出下面短语的意思。
1. take part in __________
2. turn off ____________
3.
pay for ____________
4. hear of
_____________
5. be harmful to
___________
【重点讲练】
1. The method is not only cruel, but
also harmful to the environment.
这种方法不仅
残酷，而且对环
境也有害。
harmful
形容词，意为“有害的”。常构成短语
be harmful
to
“对……有害的”。
Staying up often is harmful to your
health.
经常熬夜对你的健康有害。
【拓展】
harm
名词，意为“害处”。常用构成短语
do harm to
“对……有害”，相当于
be harmful to.
Too much smoking does harm
to his health. = Too much smoking is harmful to
his health.
吸烟过多对他
的健康有害。
【小试牛刀】改为同义句。
Reading in the sun does harm to our
eyes.
Reading in the sun
___ ___ ___ our eyes.
2.
Have you ever taken part in an environmental
project?
你曾经参加过环境保护活动吗？
辨析：
join, join in
和
take part in
加入组织，团体，党派等，有作
为其中的一个成员的含义。
后面也可以加表示人的名词，表
join
示和某人一起参加某活动。
加入一种具体活动。
join in
指参加会议或群众性活动等，着
take part in
重说明
句子主语参加该项活动并
在活动中发挥作用。
Will you join us in the discussion?
你参加我们的讨论吗？
She
joined the Young Pioneers.
她加入了少先队。
Why
didn't you join in the talk last night?
昨晚你为什么没参加座谈？
Did
you take part in the sports meet?
你参加运动会了吗？
【小试牛刀】单项选择。
1.
—
Have you _____ a club?
—
Yes,
I’
m in a swimming club and I
often _____ the swimming training.
A.
joined; take
part in
B. joined; join
C. taken part in; join
D. taken part in; join in
2.
—
We
’
re
going for a picnic. Would you like to____ us?
—
Why not?
Let
’
s go!
A. attend
B
. join
C. join in
D. take part in
3. We can
’
t
afford to wait any longer to take action!
我们不能再等了，要采取行动了。
⑴
afford
是动词，意为
“
买得起
,
担负得起
”
，通常与
c
an, could, be able to
连用
,
多用于否定句中。
They
couldn’t
afford $$50 for a
ticket.
他们拿不出
50
美元
买一张票。
⑵
afford
后面常跟带
to
的动
词不定式。
We
can’t
afford to go abroad
this summer.
今年夏天我们没有足够的钱出国。
【小试牛刀】单项选择。
Miss
Taylor never wastes money on anything too
expensive, even though she can _____to. She has
donated
much of the money she saved to
charities.
A.
afford B. allow
C. remind
D.
pay
【达标训练】
I.
用方框中词的适当形式完成下面的句子。
method, cruel, harmful, afford, law
1. I think it
’
s
____ to make such a young boy work all day.
2. The poor fisherman
can
’
t _____ his
children
’
s education.
3. I think the government
must develop _____ to protect environment.
4. Eating too much junk
food is ____ your health.
5. He can use different _____ to work
out the problem.
II.
单项选择。
1.
—
Are you going to _____ any
of the events?
—
Yes. Maybe long jump and
high jump.
A.
take part in
B. join