-
Unit3 the Earth
一
.
要点短语
:
1
.
be covered
by
…
由……覆盖
2
.
protect the
Earth
保护地球
3
.
many different
plants
许多不同的植物
4
.
som
e
…
some
…
一些…一些
…
5
.
on
Earth
在地球上
6
.
on the
land
在陆地上
7
.
in the
sky
在空中
8
.
under the water
在水下面
9
.
provide sb with
sth=provide sth for sb
给某人提供某物
10
.
make energy
制造能源
11
.
put
…
into
把……放进
12
.
under the
ground
在地下
13
.
stop doing
sth
停止做某事
14
.
It is + sb to
sth
对某人来说做某事很…
15
.
let sb do
sth
让某人做某事
16
.
one quarter
四分之一,一刻钟
17
.
ask sb to do
sth
让某人做某事
18
.
catch
fish
抓鱼
19
.
fewer and
fewer
越来越少
20
.
each
year
每年
21
.
throw away
扔掉
22
.
need sth to do
sth
需要某物来做某事
23
.
keep sb alive
保持某人存活
24
.
find out
查清楚
,
弄明白
25
.
a long time
ago = long , long ago
很久以前
26
.
in the end
最后,终于
二
.
要点解释
:
1. Read a poster about the
Earth.
阅读有关地球的宣传海报。
Earth n.
意为“地球”
,其前
面需要定冠词
the
。
eg
:
The moon goes
round the Earth.
还有“陆地,地面;泥,土”的意
思,此时不需要大写。
eg
:
The
balloon fell to earth.
on Earth= on (the) earth,
意为“在地球上”
。
eg
:
We live on
Earth.
我们生活在地球上。
about what we can do to protect the Earth.
讨论为保护地球我们能做些什么。
protect v.
保护
protection
n.
保护
protect sb./sth.
from/against sth
保护某人
/
某物免受…伤害
We must protect the forest
from fire.
我们必须保护森林免受火灾。
3.
About 70% of the Earth is covered by
water.
百分之七十的地球是被水所覆盖
.
百分数做主语时,谓语动词要与它所指代的名词相一致
.
About 60% of the students in our class
are girls.
我们班
60%
的学生是女孩。
be
covered by
被…覆盖着,表动作;
The road is covered by leaves in
autumn.
秋天这条路盖满了树叶。
4.
There are also many people like you and
me on Earth.
地球上还有很多像你我一样的人。
(1)
区分
also; too;
either
also
常用于肯定句中,位于实义动词前,或用于
be
动词、情态动词之后;
He also enjoys reading.
他也喜欢阅读
He is also
clever.
他也很聪明.
too
通常用于肯定句末
,
其前有逗号
.I really like this
song, and I like the first one ,too.
either
用于否定句末
,
其前有逗号
I
don
’
t like singing. She
doesn
’
t like singing,
either.
(2)like v.
喜欢
like doing
sth
喜欢做某事
本句中
like
是介词,意为"像??一样"
That
’
s not right.
Do it like this.
那样不对,像这样做才对。
Earth provides us with
air, water and
food.
地球为我们提供了空气、水少食物。
provide
及物动词,意为“提供”
,
provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. for sb.
为某人提供某物
.
The sun provides us with light and
heat.= The sun provides light and heat for us.
太阳给我们提供光和热。
6.
Today, there is a lot of pollution.
今天,有很多污染。
pollution
不可数名词,意为“污染”
。<
/p>
air pollution
空气污染
noise pollution
噪声污染
There is a lot
of pollution in the air here.
这里的空气有大量的污染。
pollute
< br>及物动词,意为“污染;弄脏”
The
dirty water from the factory pollutes the river.
来自工厂的脏水污染了这条河。
7.
We
burn things to make
energy.
我们燃烧一些东西来制造能量
.
burn
及物动词,
= set
.....on fire
意为“燃烧;点燃”
.
p>
energy
不可数名词,意为“能量;能源”
make
energy
“制造能量;获取能量”
She burns all
her books.
她把书全烧了。
It is important
to save energy.
节省能源十分重要。
Now, people use water, the wind and the
sun to make energy.
如今,人们利用水、风和太阳来获取能量。
put our rubbish into the
sea and under the ground.
我们把垃圾倒入海洋、埋入地下。
put
…
into
把…放入…;把…倒入…
They put the
waste water into the river.
他们把废水倒入河中。
Please put all your toys into the box.
请把你所有的玩具都放入这个箱子里。
拓展】和
put
有关的短语:
put up
举起;张贴
put off
推迟;推延
put away
把??收拾好
put down
放下;写下;记下
put on
穿上
put
out
熄灭;扑灭
must stop doing these things.
我们必须停止做这件事。
stop doing sth
意为“停止做某事”
,即停下手头正在做的事情。
It
’
s time for
talking.
到上课时间了,不要说话了。
区分:
stop doing sth
停止手头正在做的事情
stop to do sth
停
下手头的事情,去做另一件事情(停下来去做
.......
)
We
stopped to talk when we met in the street.
当我们在街上碰见时,我们停下来说话。
We are all
tired. Let
’
s stop to have a
rest.
我们都累了,停下来休息一会儿吧。
is important for us to
protect the Earth for our future.
对我们来说,为未来而保护地球是重要的。
It is+
形容词
adj.+for sb.
+
动词不定式短语
to do sth
对某人来说做某事是…
It is important
for us to learn
English.
对我们来说学英语很重要。
It
’
s very useful
for us to learn English
well.
对我们来说学好英语很有用。
It is good for me to eat more
vegetables.
多吃蔬菜对我而言是有好处的。
以上句型中,有时也可将
for
sb.
省去,即
It is
+adj.+ to do sth.
做某事是…样的
Unit 3
The Earth
1.
There are forests and
rivers, mountains and fields.
有森林、河流、高山和田野。
fie
ld
此处是可数名词,意为“田野;田地”
work in the
fields
在田里干活
a
football field
一个足球场
the field of
science
科学领域
2.
Some places are very hot,
and some are very cold.
some
…
some
一些……另一些……,
some
…
others
一些……另一些(不是全部)……
some
…
the others
一些……其它的(剩下的全部)……
区分:
one
…
the other
一个……另一个……
3. large
意为
“
大的,巨大的
”
,常指面
积,范围,可表示数和量(可表示身体的大)
,
其反义词为
small
。
a large number of
大量的
big“
大的
”
,常指容积,重量等(还可表示
“
伟大,重要
”
之意)
。用于具体事物
其反义词多为
< br>little
)
。
great“
极大的,伟大的,重大的
”
,常指数量,体积大(或指抽象的事物或精神方面的东西,如知识,
能力
,人格等)
,用来指人时,表示
“
伟大
的,杰出的
”
。
Mao Zedong is a great leader of
China.
毛泽东是中国的伟大领袖。
区分:
China is a large country.
强调面积
China a big
country.
强调实力
China is a great country.
强调伟大
a large
box
一个大箱子(强调体积大,不一定重)
a big
box
一个大箱子(强调不仅大,而且重)
4.
Some live on the land. Some fly in the
sky. Some live under the water.
有些生活在陆地上,有些飞翔在天空中,
还有些住在水底下。注意介词搭配
on the farmon the playground
区分:
on the wall
<
/p>
贴在、挂在墙上用
on
挂在墙上
in the wall
门、窗在墙上用
in
穿过墙
区分:
on the tree
p>
是指树上本来就有的东西,
,比如果实,花等
The apples are on the tree.
in the
tree
是指本身不属于树的东西藏在树里面了
The
bird is in the tree.
5.
like
可以是介词,意为"像……一样"
That
’
s not right.
Do it like this.
那样不对,像这样做才对。
6
. The Earth provides us
with air, water and food.
地球为我们提供了空气、水少食物。
provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. for
sb.
辨析:
provide
offer
指“准备好必需品来供应”
指“主动地提供帮助、支撑等”
They provide food for the hungry
children.
他们为饥饿的孩子们提供食物。
The boys offered to help the
old.
男孩们主动帮助老年人。
offer to do sth.
主动做某事
7.
Today, there is a lot of
pollution.
今天,有很多污染。
polluti
on
不可数名词,意为“污染”
。
ai
r pollution
空气污染
noise
pollution
噪声污染
8.
We burn
things to make energy.
burn
及
物动词,意为“燃烧;点燃”
.
e
nergy
不可数名词,意为“能量;能源”
She burns all her
books.
她把书全烧了。
It
is important to save
energy.
节省能源十分重要。
9.
We put our
rubbish into the sea and under the ground.
我们把垃圾倒入海洋、埋入地下。
p
ut
…
into
把……放入……;把……倒入……
拓展:和
put
有关的短语:
put up
举起;张贴
put off
推迟;推延
put away
把……收拾好
put
down
放下;写下;记下
put
on
穿上
put out
熄灭;扑灭
10. We must
stop doing these things.
我们必须停止做这件事。
stop
doing sth.
意为“停止做某事”
,即停下手头正在做
的事情。
区分:
stop
doing sth.
和
stop to do
sth.
。
11. It is
important for us to protect the Earth for our
future.
It is+
形容词
adj.+for sb.
+
动词不定式短语
to do sth
对某人来说做某事是……
It is
+adj.+ to do sth.
做某事是……样的
12. protect sb./sth. from
保护
某人
/
某物免受……伤害
We must protect the forest from fire.
我们必须保护森林免受火灾。
te
a report on protecting the
Earth.
完成有关保护地球的报告。
report
此处用作可数名词,意为“报告,报道”
give/have a report
作
/
听报告
a weather
report
天气预报
It is reported
that
据报道……
14. Why
do we call it the
“
Earth
”
then?
那么我们为什么叫它“地球”?
call
称呼,叫做
We call him Lao Wang.
我们称它老王。
表示“喊叫,打招呼”
Will you call me a
taxi?
请你给我叫辆出租车好吗?
意为“打电话给……”
Call
me (up) this afternoon.
今天下午打电话给我。
15.
fact
可数名词,意为“事实”
Few people
know the fact.
很少的人知道这个事实。
in
fact
事实上,实际上
In fact, I think
you are right.
事实上,我认为你是对的。
16. one
quarter
四分之一
quarter
可数名词,意为“四分之一;一刻钟”
< br>
It
’
s a
quarter past five.
现在是
5:15.
拓展:
a quarter to
two
一点四十五
a quarter past
two
两点十五几分之几的表示
17. any
“一些”常用于否定句或疑问句中,肯定句中常
用
some
。
但是表示委婉请求的疑问句或希望得到肯定回答的问句中时,用
some
不用
any.
Would you like
some drinks?
你想来点喝的吗?
Any
“任何”
;
Any colour is
OK.
任何颜色都行。
18. We
can take our own shopoing bags to the supermarket.
own
形容词,意为“自己的”
。
p>
one
’
s
own
某人自己的
her own clotheson
one
’
own=by oneself
own
动词,表示“拥有”
,相当于
have
I own a new
bike.= I have a new
bike.
我有一辆新自行车。
19. fewer and
fewer
越来越少
比较级
+
比较级
“越来越…
…”
,
常表示事物本身程度逐渐变化。
less and
less
越来越少
stronger
and stronger
越来越强大
20. What problems do we have?
我们有什么问题?
Problem
指有一些麻烦或困难的问题。
p>
常与
solve
搭配。
question
指比较容易解决或回答的问题。常与<
/p>
answer
搭配。
21. It keeps us
alive.
它让我们活着。
p>
“
keep+sb./sth.+
形容词<
/p>
”
意为“保持某人
/
某物……”
keep our school clean and t
idy
保持学校干净、整洁
alive
活着的,在世的
22. We can find out
about different types of
fish.
我们能发现不同类型的鱼。
find
out
“发现,查明”指经过调查的发现
find
“找到,发现”
,指偶然发现。
< br>found
21. The weather was very
hot.
天气很热。
weather
不可数名词,决为“天气”
,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
询问天气常用:
What
’
s the weather like?=
How
’
s the weather?
22. Grow
“生长,发育”
Plants could grow well in this
field.
植物不能生长。
“种植”
She grows
flowers in her
garden.
她在花园里养了花。
“渐渐变得”
He grows
old.
他变老了。
23. In the end, only one sun
remained.
最后,只剩下了一个太阳。
辨析:
in the
end
意为“最后”
,=
finally= at last
They found the lost boy in
the end.
他们最终找到了那个走失的男孩
on the end of
“在……的末尾”
,指某个物品的另一端
There is a red point on the end of the
dress.
at the end of
“在(时间或地
点)的尽头
/
末尾”
They had a picnic at the
end of last
month.
他们上个月末进行了一次野餐。
at the top
of
在……的顶端
at the
bottom of
在……的底部
习题练习
一
.
同义词
(
) 1. The water
in the river is very dirty and it kills lots of
fish in it
.
A.
makes
…
clean B.
makes
…
healthy C.
makes
…
interestingD.
makes
…
die
(
)
2. We should protect the Earth from now on, or
we'll be in danger.
A. keep
…
safe B.
keep
…
dirty C.
keep
…
fresh
D. keep
…
beautiful
(
) cars give out lots of bad gases
(
气体
) and they pollute the
air.
A.
make
…
clean B.
make
…
fresh C.
make
…
new D.
make
…
dirty
(
) 4. Our
school gives us lots of chances to show ourselves.
…
with
B. provides
…
with
C. throws
…
awayD.
puts
…
into
(
) 5. The
garage isn
’
t large enough
for two cars.
二
.
根据句意及首字母提示完成单词
.
all know that the
E___________ is round.
2. Some people are working in the
f___________ by the river.
3. Which one do you like better, the
l___________ one or the small one.
4. The l___________ is used for growing
food.
5. This article has
two p___________.
6. A lion
is the king of the f___________.
peoople still burn wood to make
e________.
often have a q_________ at
the beginning of the class.
't
t_________ away the rubbish in the river.
10. It's i___________ for
us to keepour body healthy.
三
.
用括号
内所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.
France is a
___________ (beauty) seaside
(
海边
) country.
2.
I water the
___________ (plant) twice a week.
3.
My dress is
___________ (difference) from yours.
4.
I
saw many ___________ (animal) in the zoo
yesterday.
5.
There
___________ (be) two books and a pencil on the
desk
6.
We can
get a lot of _________ (energy) from food.
7.
Miss Li, can you help me? I can't solve
these difficult _________ (problem).
little girl is so sad that she just
can
’
t stop__________(cry)
__________(quarter)of teh
world
’
s surface is covered
with water.
’
s
good for us _______(listen)to English often.
四
.
单项选
择
.
(
) 1. There are different animals
_________ Earth.
A. on
B
.
in
C. with
D. to
(
)
2. ---- What do the plants need to live?
---- They need _________
and water.
A. a light
B. lightsC. light
D. many lights
(
) 3.
Where do animals live? ---Some live
___________ the land. Some fly ___________ the
sky.
A. on; in B. to; on C.
in; inD. on; on
(
) 4. Stop _________ around and get on
with the job.
A.
play B. to
playC. plays
D. playing
(
) 5. ----_________ is the weather like
today in Guangzhou?
---- It
is sunny and hot.
A. How B.
Why
C. WhatD. When
(
) 6. We are going to listen to Doctor
Wang's _________ in the school hall.
B. repeat C. problem D.
question
(
) 7. Taiwan is a _________ of China.
A. landB. body
C. part
D.
section
(
) 8. We only have _________
books.
A. littleB. much
C. manyD. few
(
) 9. They
_______ the children _____ food an;d books.
A. give; with B. provide; with C.
provide; for
D.
give; for
(
) 10. Our teacher always
asks us _________ to bed late.
A. going
B. not goingC. to go
D. not to go
(
) 11.
----Don't throw _________ rubbish on the ground.
---- Oh, I'm sorry.
A. a
B. an
C. /
D. the
(
)
12. There _________ a football match between China
and Korea this afternoon.
A. has B. isC.
had
D. was
(
) 13. ---- You
look sad, Jack.
---- Our
team gets a new job, but ___ is difficult for us
to finish it in a day.
A. that B. this
C. itD. he
(
) 14. Don't
________ your fingers _________ your mouth. It's
bad for your health.
A.
put; into B. throw; into
C.
put; up D. put; aside.
(
) 15. When you
do the listening practice, please _________ the
important information.
A. catch
B. know
C. look D. make
(
) is very
important for us ___________ English well!
A. learn
B. to learn C. learning D.
learned
(
) ____ pencil-box, two books and some
flowers on the desk.
A. is aB. are some C. has a D. have
some
(
)18.I want to be a farmer _________ my
uncle
A as
B likeC likes D looks like
五
.
根据汉
语提示完成句子
1.
一些生活在陆地上。一些飞行在天空中。一些生活在水下。
Some live
__________ __________ __________ .Some fly
______________________________.
Some live __________ __________
__________.
2.
地球为我们提供空气、水和食物。
The Earth _________ us
__________air, water and food.
3.
我们把垃圾倒入海中或地下。
We __________our rubbish __________the
sea and under the ground.
4.
我们必须停止做这些事情。
We must __________
__________ these things
5.
对我们来说,为了未来,保护好地球是很重要的。
It is important __________
us __________ __________the Earth for our future
6.
人们通过燃烧东西来获得能源
.
People ___________ things to _________
__________
Unit 3
The earth
Date:_______
name:__________
【知识要点】
一、
可数名词与不可数名词
1
、可数名词
定义:可数名词是指能以数目来计算,可以分成个体的人或东西;可数名词
分为单数和
复数两种形式
.
2
、不可数名词
定义:指不能用数字计算的词,如物质名词
(
air
,
water)
和抽象
名词
(advice
,
work)
p>
。
通常只有单数形式。
不可数名词表示数量
的时候,
可以用量词来表达,
其结构是:数词
< br>+
量词
+of+
名词。如
: a bottle of water, two cups of
tea
。
3
、判断
(1)
.杯子里有一些水。
There
is some water in the glass.
(2)
< br>.教室里有一些垃圾。
There is some rubbish in
the classroom.
(3)
.我们每天都需要很多
空气。
We need much air every day.
(4)
.我吃了一个苹果。
I eat
an apple.
(5)
.包里有好多书。
There
are a lot of books in the bag.
(6)
.铅笔盒里有许多钢笔。
There are many pens in
the pencil-case.
【结论】
1
.
_________
名词有复数形式,如例句
p>
_________
和
_________
。
p>
2
.
_________
< br>名词前可以用不定冠词
a
/
an
修饰,如例句
_________
。<
/p>
3
.
_________
名词前不能用不定冠词
a
/
an
修饰
,常和表示数量的短语、
_________
、
_________
等连用,
如例句
< br>_________
,
_________
和
_________
。
二、
there be
句型基本认识
1
、
定义:
There be
句型表示“某
处存在某物或某人”
。
2
、结构:
(1) There is
+
单数可数名词
/
不可数名词
+
地点状语
.
(2) There are +
复数名词
+
地点状语
.
注意事项:
there
是引导词,在
句中不充当任何成分,翻译时也不必译出。句
子的主语是某人或某物,
< br>谓语动词
be
要与主语
(某人或
某物)
的数保持一致。
当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时,根据
就近原则,谓语动词要与跟它最近
的那个名词一致。
①
:变成否定
There
be
句型的否定式的构成
和含有
be
动词的其它句型一样,在
b
e
后加上
not
。
②
:变成一般疑问句
There be
句型的一般疑问句变化是把
< br>be
动词调整到句首,再在句尾加上问号
即可。但同时要
注意:当肯定句中有
some
时,要将其改为
< br>any
(否定变化也
一样)
。<
/p>
注意事项:
there be
句型与
have
句型的区别
< br>
(1) There be
句型和
< br>have
都表示
“
有
”
的含义。区别如下:
There be
表示
“
某处
存在某物或
某人
”
;
have
表示
“
某人拥有某物
/
某人
”
,它表示所有、拥有关系。
(2)
当
have
表示“包括”
、
“存在”的含义时,
There be
句型与其可互换。如:
eg. A week has seven days. =There are
seven days in a week.
一个星期有七天。
【典型例题】
I
.单项选择。
(
) 1. I have
_____ and a cup of orange juice for supper.
A. two breadB. two pieces of breadC.
two breads
D. two pieces of
breads
(
) 2.
Everyone needs _____ and water to live on Earth.
A. airs
B.
airesC. air
D. an air
(
) 3. ---
What's on the table?
--- There are
three _____ on the table.
A. cup of
coffeeB. cups of coffeesC. cups of coffeeD. cup of
coffees
(
) 4.
_____ a table and two chairs in the room.
A. There is B. There beingC. There are
D. There be
(
)
5. The cat catches two _____ on my uncle's farm.
A. miceB. dog C. tiger
D. mouse
Ⅱ
.
将下列句子变成否定句和一般疑问句。
is some water in the bottle.
否定句:
_________________________________
________
一般疑问句:
_____________
____________________________
are many
apples in the box.
否定句:
_____
____________________________________
一般
疑问句:
___________________________________
______
【课堂小测】
p>
I
.根据句意,用
a
,
an, much
或
many
p>
填空,补全句子。
1. I eat
_________apple every day.
2. Mum, I
want to have _________ orange.
3. He
buys _________bananas.
4. In the
morning, I drink _________ milk.
5. He
has _________ map.
6. Carla has
_________ different books.
7. There is
_________water on the road.
8. He knows
_________different languages.
9. I book
_________room for my brother.
10. In
China, there are__________
foreigners(
外国人
).
II
.根据句意,用适当的
be
动词填空,补全句子。
11. There
_________ a book and two pens on the desk.
12. There _________ many apples in the
bag.
13. There _________ much water in
the glass.
14. There _________ an egg
on the table.
15. There _________ many
animals in the zoo.
III.
根据汉语提示补全句子,每空一词。
1
.动物园里有老虎。
_________
_________ tigers in the zoo.
2
.打扰一下,你可以帮我打扫我的房间吗?
Excuse
me, can you _________me _________ my room?
3
.
我在北京海洋馆里看到了鲸鱼。
< br>I _________ _________ in Beijing Aquarium.
4
.我知道许多关于你的事实。
I
know _________ _________ about you.
5
.我家离商店有两公里远。
My
home is _________ _________away from the
shop.
【课后作业】
一、根据汉语提示补全句子,每空一词。
1
.他需要为他的孩子做饭。
He _________ _________ _________ for
his children.
2
.我味觉很好。
I _________ good _________
3
.我想要一个气球。
I _________ _________ have a balloon.
4
.空气使我们活着。
Air _________us _________.
5
.我能感觉到风从我脸上刮过。
I can _________the wind on my face when
it blows.
七年级
Unit 3 The EarthGrammar
语法
名词是表示人,事物,地点或抽
象概念的名称。名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词表示
可以用数字进行计算的名
词,不可数名词表示不能用数字进行计算的。可数名词有单复数形式,若要
表示一本书、
一只鸟、一棵树等概念,需使用名词的单数形式。表示名词的单数时,要在名词前面加
上
冠词
a
或
an.
若要表示两个或两个以上的概念时,要用到名词的复数形式。
My younger sister has a job in a
store.
我妹妹在商店工作。
She has two
jobs.
她打两份工。
一、可数名词与不可数名词
可数名词
个体名词
集体名词
物质名词
表示物质或不具备形
状和大小的个体的物
质。
表示单个人和事物。
表示一群人或一些事
物的名称。
不可数名词
抽象名词
表示动作、状态、品
质或其他抽象概念。
mother,
flower,
tree,
people, police, family
milk,
rice,
bread
news, weather, love
bag
English,water, money,
注
:
集体名词做主语时
,
谓
语动词可以用单数
,
也可以用复数
,<
/p>
如果强调整体用单数
,
强调个体或成员<
/p>
,
则用
复数
.
The police are searching
for him.
The Chinese people are brave
and hardworking.
二、名词复数形式变化:
(
1
)规则变化
1
)一般变化,
在名词后加
-s
,如:
book<
/p>
—
books;
bag
—
bags
2)
以
s,
x,
ch,
sh
结尾的名面,加
-es
,如:
bus
—
buses;
box
—
boxes;
watch
—
watches;
wish
—
wishes;
glass
—
glasses
3)
以
辅音字母加
-y
结尾的单词,
变
y
为
i
再加
-es
,
如:
city
—
cities;
country
—
countries;
study
—
studies;
family
—
families
4)
以
f
或
fe
结尾
的单词,
有些将
f
或
< br>fe
变为
v,
再加
-es;
有些只加
-s :
wife
—
wives;
knife
—
knives;
wolf
—
wolves;
thief
—
thieves;
shelf
—
shelves;
myself
—
myselves;
life
—
lives;
half
—
halves;
leaf
—
leaves;
roof
—
roofs;
chief
—
chiefs;
belief
—
beliefs;
proof
—
proofs;
handkerchief
—
handkerchiefs/handerchieves(
手帕/
头巾
)
记住下面这首顺口溜,相信你就不会觉得难了。
妻子(
wife
)持刀
(k
nife)
去宰狼
(wolr)
,小偷
(thief)
吓得发了慌;
躲在架后
(shelf)
保己命
(myself)
,
半<
/p>
(half)
片树叶
(leaf)
遮目光。
按:顺
口溜中的红体字是中学阶段学过的九个以—
f(e)
结尾的名词
:
wife(
妻子
)
< br>,
knife(
小刀
)
,
wolf(
狼
)
p>
,
thief(
小偷
)
,
shelf(
架子
)
,
self(
自己
)
,
life(
生命
)
,
half(
一半
)
,
leaf(
树叶
)
。这九个词
变复数时,
都是改
-f(e)
为
ve
再加
-s
。由
self
p>
构成的复合词,其变化与
self
相同
p>
(
如:
myself
→
ourselves
;
yours
elf
→
yourselves
;
p>
himself
,
herselfitse
lf
→
themselves)
。
p>
5)
以
o
p>
结尾的名词,有些加
-s
,有些加
-es
。如:
hero
—
heroes;
Negro
—
Negroes;
potato
—
potatoes;
tomato
—
tomatoes
(
两人两菜
)
photo
—
photos;
radio
—
radios;
piano
—
pianos;
studio
—
studios;
bamboo
—
bamboos; <
/p>
zero
—
zeros/zeroes;
(2)不规则变化
child
—
children;
foot
—
feet;
tooth
—
teeth;
goose
—
geese;
mouse
—
mice;
man
—
men;
woman
—
women
注意:由一个词加
man
或
woman
构成的合成词,其复数形式同上。<
/p>
Englishman
—
English
men;
Frenchman
—
fr
enchmen;
但
German
—
Germans(
不是合成词
)
(3)单复数同形
deer;
sheep; fish; Chinese; Japanese
(4)有些名词只用复数形式:
clothes(
衣服
);
pants(
短裤;裤子
);
jeans(
牛仔裤
);
shorts(
短裤
);
glasses(
眼镜
);
scissors(
剪刀
)
这类词常
与
a pair of
two pairs of
这样的短语连用
(5)某些词虽以
s
结尾,但仍为单数;
a.
maths, politics,
physics
等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数;
b.
news
为不可数名词;
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