-
promotion of empl
oyment, form a
reasonabl
e and orderly pattern of
income
distribution, build a
m
ore fair and sustainable
social se
curity systems,
me
dical a
nd
health system reform. The
ple
nary, i
nnovation of
social gover
nance, must focus
on the maintena
nce of
fundamental interest
s of the
over
whelming majority of the
pe
opl
e, maximize factors,
e
nha
nce
social
devel
opme
nt,
improvi
ng social gover
nance,
the interests
of national security,
ensure that the
pe
ople live a
nd
w
ork, social sta
bility and
order.
o improve soci
al
governa
nce, stimulati
ng
social orga
nization, innovative
a
nd effective system of
preventi
ng and resolvi
ng
social
confli
cts,
improvi
ng the
public
security system, set up the
Nati
ona
l Security
Council, nati
onal
security systems and
nati
onal security strategy to ensure
nati
onal security. Plenary
sessi
on, t
he
constr
ucti
on of
ecologi
cal civ
ilization, you
must esta
blish
systems of
ecol
ogical sy
stem,
usi
ng the system to
protect
the ecologi
cal envir
onment.
o improve natural
re
sour
ces asset
pr
operty right system a
nd
use control
red line of delimitation
of ecol
ogical
protecti
on,
re
sources
paid
use system a
nd
e
col
ogical
compe
nsati
on system in
ecological environment
pr
otecti
on
manag
ement system reform.
Ple
nary session, ce
ntering
on buil
ding a
liste
ning party command, ca
n
win a
nd
having a fine
style of the people's army, a strong
army under the
new sit
uation
of the party Goals,
re
stricting t
he
devel
opme
nt of national
defe
nse a
nd army
buildi
ng is solved outstanding
contra
dicti
ons
a
nd
problems,
innovati
on a
nd development
of military the
ory,
e
nha
nce military
strategi
c guidance, improve
t
he military strategy in t
he
new
period, buil
ding a
modern military force system with
Chine
se characteristi
cs.
o deepe
n the
a
djustment of personnel system reform
in the arm
y, military poli
cy
and system reform, promote t
he
devel
opme
nt of military and
civilia
n integration
de
pth.
Plenary
sessi
on stre
ssed
t
hat
com
prehe
nsive reform must be
to strengt
hen a
nd
impr
ove the party's
leader
shi
p, give full play
to the core r
ole of the
party commands t
he overall
sit
uation and
coor
dinati
ng all
parties, improvi
ng the party's
lea
ding water ... Margi
n.
Challenge
d the lea
dership
of the Communist Party of China,
Marxism-Le
nini
sm and
M
ao Zedong thoug
ht by
De
ng Xia
o-ping'
s
flag, repla
ced by t
hree
repre
sentatives a
nd the
harmonic society.
The former Communist
Par
ty spirit and
social
cohe
sion poi
nt of almost all
political makeover.
Chara
cteristics of socialism
publi
c ow
nership
i
s shifting to
private
ow
nership,
planned
reg
ulation and market regulation, the
pr
oletarian regime
controlled
by the elite. Of
univer
sal equality, fairness
a
nd basic
principle
s of
distri
buti
on system is
socialist soci
ety, however after
economic monopolize
d by
powerful
, vested
intere
sts grow, employer
s do
not hav
e the same
stat
us, hardly se
ems fair
soci
al
distri
buti
on.
State key protection of capital
i
nterests rather t
han the
interests
of citizens, ha
d
bee
n hits t
he bottom of the
proletariat
粗饲料的微生物处理
姓名：王红杨
班级
：动科系
08
级动营
3
班
学号：
3188
摘要：粗饲料是指在饲料中天然水分含量在
60%
以下，干物质中粗纤维含量等于或
高于
18%
，并以风干物形式饲喂的饲料。如牧草、农作物秸秆、酒糟等。
这类饲料
的营养价值一般较其他饲料低，消化能含量一般不超过
10.5MJ/kgDM
，有机物质消
化率在
65%
以下。
而地球上最丰富的多糖物质是
纤维素，
世界上
50%
的生物量来自天
然纤维素，
估计年产量在
100
亿吨～
500
亿吨。
作物秸秆等粗饲料是我国尚未充分利
用的一大饲料资源，其中进作物秸秆每年就有
5
亿多吨。但由于直接饲喂这类饲料
难以被动
物消化吸收，因此只有其中很少一部分在草食动物中得以利用，且大都仅
作填充料使用；
在猪禽等单胃动物中因纤维含量过高而基本未以利用。如何有效地
开发利用作物秸秆等粗
饲料资源，是国内外畜牧专家长期以来研究的重要课题。而
饲料微生物是做为畜、禽和鱼
类的饲料以及适用于加工或改善饲料质量的微生物。
在日益发展的基础上，
人们逐渐认识并利用微生物增加饲料新品种或改进饲料质量。
关键词：粗饲料
微生物处理
利用率
一．
粗饲料微生物处理的原理
利用某些有
益微生物，在适宜培养的条件下，分解秸秆中难以被家畜利用的纤
维素或木质素，并增加
菌体蛋白，维生素等有益物质，软化秸秆，改善味道，从而
提高粗饲料的营养价值。
二．
微生物的选择
微生物的种类很多，<
/p>
但用于饲料生产真正有价值的是乳酸菌，纤维分解菌和某
些真菌。
在粗饲料微生物的处理方面，国外筛选出一批优良菌种用于发酵秸秆，如
层孔菌属，裂褶
菌属，多孔菌属，担子菌，酵母菌，木霉等。我国已经培育出一些
可供生产应用的优良菌
株，并有了成型的固体培养技术，已有一定的优势。
三．
菌种的要求
最初多采用单菌种发酵，
后来有研究者发现多菌种混合发酵效率更高，
但对相
应的菌种提出了更高的要求。
1.
能够分解纤维素。
2.
能够利用
有机氮转化为菌体
蛋白，合成和分泌更多的营养物质。
3.
能够改变原料的适口性。
4.
能够产生多种
分解酶。
5.
不产生有毒物质。
6.
具有促生长快的优势特性。
7.
菌体耐性高，不
容易自溶分解。
8.
如果用固体好氧发酵，注意选用耐高温的菌株。
四
.
微生物发酵秸秆饲喂动物情况
bvi
ousl
y,
face China's Socialist system, the Communist Party
is
not the party.
In that
case,
politi
cal
chaos has
been very tig
ht.
Is remodeli
ng or
reconstr
ucti
on,
i
s a corre
ction or a
st
ove. Whether t
o turn
rig
ht or left, is ba
ck to
the
source or
put
forwar
d new
politi
cal idea
s.
This is to determine the road
problems in
Chi
na, is al
so
the key
out of the
dee
p water of the reform of
the e
conomic sy
stem.
After 18, the new
Central
colle
ctive
leader
shi
p
attache
s great importance to
politi
cal
orie
ntation.
First, the
s
ng from the
Ce
ntral Government's
self-
restraint,
whi
ch
prea
ches and pr
o-image,
broug
ht fresh feeling to
t
he communit
y.
Secondly,
before reform and
ope
ning
up
a
nd reform and openi
ng two
periods after non-negative, untying the
tangle of the society a long time on
t
his issue. T
hird, a
new ge
neration
of
party l
eaders on various
occa
sions to Ma
o Ze-Dong and
Mao Ze
-Dong's
t
houg
ht of
evaluati
on has room for
manoe
uvre, through to t
he
ruli
ng ide
ology
of Mao Zedong thoug
ht,
is the call
of the soul to
the Socia
list Revoluti
on
a
nd constructi
on.
Em
pty talks jeopardize
national interest
s and try
again, is a
n affirmation of Deng
Xiao
-pi
ng's
reform idea
s.
These strong
politi
cal sig
nal
showi
ng a new ge
neration of
pol
itical lea
ders is
sti
ll keepi
ng to the
Socialist r
oad.
Four is
revisiti
ng the
o Ze-Dong's
hist
orical
cycle
of
nti-corr
uption
and the im
portance of the
Constituti
on,
re
organizati
on is
bad style
of officialdom,
was to civilize people obey the la
w,
while improvi
ng the
col
or change of the regime
of vigilance.
Five is to
reform into dee
per waters
a
nd stre
ssed t
hat
top
-level design, this is a
revie
w on t
he reform and
openi
ng up i
n the
pa
st, is also looking for a way out.
Si
x foreign and
Russi
a closer, the flexible attitude on
the i
ssue of the Korean
peni
nsula, Sino-
Ja
pane
se fishi
ng
har
dline
Chi
na on
the isla
nd
out of the
sha
dow
began to
gradually plan development. Signs show that
t
he new l
eadership
began t
o make a left turn in
politics.
However, as
of
right now
, not only
i
deol
ogical
confusi
on i
n the
communit
y, the
new
lea
dershi
p's
thi
nking i
s messy. New
lea
ders
both
stresse
d the need to
im
plement the
Constituti
on,
stre
ssed t
he ne
ed
to tur
n off the power in a
cage. Also stresses that Ma
o
Zedong thoug
ht cannot
be
lost,
30 years aft
er the
reform and
ope
ning up 30
years ag
o ca
n not deny
ea
ch
other. Both
adv
ocate
democra
cy and release
en does
not speak
of
itical constraints.
Neither
deny the
hist
ory of the CPC Ce
ntral
Committee on several issue
s
...
Comrades: today
brings
t
ogether member
s, mainly in
order to
provi
de
a platform to Exchange a
nd
lear
n from each
other
i
n order t
o facilitate our
work. Just now, we focus
on taxation,
pla
nni
ng and
stabilit
y, safety,
proje
ct
constr
uction, typi
cal topics
such as
private facts
pr
ese
ntation and
interacti
on, and towns currently exist
in the in
-de
pth
a
nalysis
of the problems to
be solved, to ex
plore
new methods t
o solve
t
he pr
oblem. It
can
be sai
d that
summing
up t
he achievement,
no grandstanding
;
analy
sis