-
羈
2016
年
6
月大学英语四级真题（第
2
套
)
肅
PartIWriting
蚂
Directions:
Forthis
part,youareallowed30minutestowritealetterto
expressyourthankstooneofyourschoolteachersupon
ente
ringcollege
.?Youshouldwr
iteatleast
120
wordsbutnomoret
han
180
words.
膁
Par
t
Ⅱ
ListeningComprehension
SectionA
葿
标准时间
蚇
25minutes
肃
蝿
膅
自测用时
minutes
膅
Directions:
Inthissection,ndofeachne
wsreport,
ouhearaquestion,youmustchooset
hebestanswerfromthefourcho
icesmarkedA),
B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron
AnswerSheet1
withasinglelinethrought
hecentre.
蒃
Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhave justheard.
1.A)Howcollegestudentscanimp
rovetheirsleephabits.
蒈
B)Whysufficientsleepisimportantforcollegest
udents.
芅
C)Whyco
llegestudentsaremorelikelytohavestressproblems.
袄
D)Howcollegestu
dentscanhandletheirpsychologicalproblems.
< br>2.A)Itisnoteasytoimproveone
’
< br>ssleephabits.
B)Itisnotgoodforstuden
tstoplayvideogames.
C)Studentswhoarebet
terpreparedgenerallygethigherscoresinexaminations.
D)Makinglast-minutepreparationsfortests
maybelesseffectivethansleeping.
蕿
芁
芇
莅
羁
蝿
Que
stions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard
.
3.A)Whethermoreairportsshouldbebuilta
roundLondon.
蒄
B)
Whetheradequateinvestmentisbeingmadetoimproveairpo
rtfacilities.
肆
C)WhethertheBri
tishAirportsAuthorityshouldselloffsomeofitsassets.
蒁
D)WhethertheSpa
nishcompanycouldofferbetterservice.
莂
聿
4.A)Inefficientmanagement.
薄
C)Lackofinnovationandcompetit
ion.
B)Poorownershipstructure.
D)Lackofrunwayandterminalcapacity.
螃
Questions5to7ar
ebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
5.A)Reportthenicotinecontentoftheircigarettes.
袈
B)Setalimittoth
eproductionoftheircigarettes.
< br>蚄
C)Takestepstoreducenicotineintheirp
roducts.
膄
D)Stud
ytheeffectsofnicotineonyoungsmokers.
6.
A)Thebiggestincreaseinnicotinecontenttendedtobeinb
randsyoungsmokerslike.
薇
B)Bigtobaccocompanieswerefrankwiththeircus
tomersaboutthehazardsofsmoking.
螄
C)Brandswhichcontainhighernicotin
econtentwerefoundtobemuchmorepopular.
薅
D)Tobaccocompaniesrefusedto
discussthedetailednicotinecontentoftheirproducts.
7.A)Theypromisedtoreducethenicotinecont
entincigarettes.
蚀
B)Theyhavenotfullyrealizedtheharmfuleffectofnico tine.
螄
C)Theywer
enotpreparedtocommentonthecigarettestudy.
螁
D)Theywillpaymo
reattentiontothequalityoftheirproducts.
罿
蚁
肈
袀
SectionB
蒈
Directions:
Inthissecti
on,ndofeachconversation,
ouhearaquestion
,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourch
oicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorresponding
letteron
AnswerSheet1
withasin
glelinethroughthecentre.
袄
Questions8to11arebasedontheco
nversationyouhavejustheard.
8.A)Indonesia.
B)Holland.
C)Sweden.
D)England.
膂
薂
9.A)Gettingacoachwhocanofferrealhelp.
B)TalkingwithherboyfriendinDutch.
膇
C)Learningalang
uagewhereitisnotspoken.
D)Acquiringthen
ecessaryabilitytosocialize.
10.A)Listen
inglanguageprogramsontheradio.
薃
C)Makingfriendswithnativespeakers.
B)Tryingtospeakitasmuchasonecan.
D)Practicingreadingaloudasoftenaspossible.
羄
羀
11.A)Itcreatesanenvironmentforsocializing
.
芀
B
)Itoffersvariouscourseswithcreditpoints.
莈
C)Ittrainsyoung
people
’
sleadershipabilities.
膈
D)Itprovidesopp
ortunitiesforlanguagepractice.
羆
Questions12to15arebasedontheconver
sationyouhavejustheard.
12.A)Theimpacto
fenginedesignonrodesafety.B)Therolepolicemenplayin
trafficsafety.
莇
C)Asenseoffreedomdrivinggives.
D)Rulesandregulationsfordriving.
13.A)Makecarswithautomaticcontrol.
蒄
C)M
akecarsthatarelesspowerful.
14.A)Theytendtodriveresponsibly.
蒇
C)Theykeepwithi
nspeedlimits.
B)Makecarsthathavebetterbrakes.
D)Makecarswithhigherstandards.
B)Theyliketogoathighspeed.
芃
莅
肂
D)Theyfollowtrafficrulesclose
ly.
螆
15.A)Itisabadidea.
B)Itisnotuseful.
膆
C)Itisaseffectiveasspeedbumps.
D)Itshouldbecombinedwitheducation.
螁
SectionC
蚃
Directions:
Inthissection,ndofeachpassage,epas
ouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromth efourchoicesmark
edA),B),C)andD).Thenmar
kthecorrespondingletter
on
Ans
werSheet1
withasinglelinethroughthecentr
e.
罿
Q
uestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard
.
莅
16.A)Thecardgotdamaged.
B)Thecardwasfoundinvalid.
<
/p>
蚆
C)Thecardreaderfailedtodothe
scanning.
D)Thecardreaderbrokedownunexpectedly. <
/p>
17.A)Byconvertingthecreditcardwithalayer
ofplastic.
莀
B)By
callingthecreditcardcompanyforconfirmation.
膇
C)Byseekinghelp
fromthecardreadermakerVerifone.
莄
D)Bytypingthecreditcardnumberinto
thecashregister.
18.A)Affectthesalesofhigh-
techappliances.
螀
B)ChangethelifestyleofmanyAmericans.
薅
C)Givebirthtomanynewtechnol
ogicalinventions.
膃
D)Producemanylow-
techfixesforhigh-techfailures.
螃
袃
羃
Questions19to21arebasedonthep
assageyouhavejustheard.
19.A)Theyareset
bythedeanofthegraduateschool.
< br>芇
B)Theyaredeterminedbytheadvisingboa
rd.
羂
C)Theyleave
muchroomforimprovement.
羃
D)Theyvaryamongdifferentdepartments.
20.A)Byconsultingtheexaminingcommittee.
B)ByreadingtheBulletinofInformation.
螅
C)Bycontactingt
hedepartmentaloffice.
D)Byvisitingtheun
iversity
’
swebsite.
21.A)Theyspecifythenumberofcreditsstudentsmustea rn.
肂
B)Theyareha
rdertomeetthanthoseforundergraduates.
虿
C)Theyhavetobeapprovedbythe
examiningcommittee.
蒇
D)Theyarethesameamongvariousdivisionsoftheuni
versity.
袇
芈
羅
螄
Questions22to25arebasedonthep
assageyouhavejustheard.
22.A)Studentsmajoringinnutrition.
B)Studentsinhealthclasses.
膂
肀
C)atesindieting.
羅
D)Middleandhighschoolteachers.
< br>23.A)Itsoverestimateoftheeffectofdieting.
B)Itsmistakenconceptionofnutrition.
薃
C)Itschangingcr
iteriaforbeauty.
D)Itsoveremphasisonthinness.
24.A)Toillustrateherpointthatbeautyisbutskindeep.
芇
B)Todemonstrate
themagiceffectofdietingonwomen.
蚇
C)Toexplainhowcomputerimagescanbe
misleading.
节
D)T
oprovethattechnologyhasimpactedourculture.
25.A)Topersuadegirlstostopdieting.
蚈
B)Topromoteherownconceptofbea
uty.
荿
C)Toestabl
ishanemotionalconnectionwithstudents.
蕿
D)Tohelpstudentsridthemselv
esofbadlivinghabits.
节
莂
螆
PartIIIReadingComprehension
SectionA
蚆
螃
标准时间
芃
40minutes
莈
薈
肀
自测用时
minutes
Directions:
Inthissection,requiredtoselectonewordforeachblan kfromalistofchoicesgi
oiceinthebankisi
markthecorrespondingletterforeachitemon
AnswerSheet2
aynotus
eanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
膆
Contrarytopopul
arbelief,er,mostadultchildren26everybitas
muchcareandsupporttotheiragingparentsaswasthecas einthe“goodolddays”,andmostolderpeopledonotfeel
27.
袆
Abo
ut80%ofpeople65yearsandolderhavelivingchildren,and
about90%75%of
elderlyparentswhodon’tgoto
nursinghomeslivewithin30minutesofatleas
toneoftheirchildren.
膄
However,,someresearchhasfoundthatpeoplewhoar
searchmaybe30,however,asillhealthoftenm
akesolderpeoplemo
morelikelythatpoorheal
th,notjustfamilyinvolvement,32spirits.
芀
Increasingly,re
searchershavebeguntolookatthequalityofrelationship
s,ratherthanatthefrequencyofcontact,betweentheelde
rl
ntsandchildrenshareinterestsandvalues
andagreeonchildrearingpracticesandreligious33,they
arelik
elytoenjoyeachother’eementsonsuch
matterscan
34
ntsareagreedbyth
eirdaughter’sdi
vorce,dislikehernewhusba
nd,anddisapproveofhowsheisraisingtheirgrandchildre
n,35arethattheyarenotgoingtoenjoyhervisi
ts.
?A)abandoned??????????
????????E)commitmentI)frequentM)provide
?B)advanced???????????????????F)dampensJ)fulfillm
entN)understandably
?C)biased??????????
????????????G)dependentK)grantO)unrealistically
?D)chances?????????????????????H)distantL
)merely?????????????????
腿
羆
SectionB
芁
Directions:
Inthissecti
on,atementcontainsinformationgi
chooseap
aragraphmorethano
thequestionsbymarkingt
hecorrespondingletteron
AnswerSheet2
.
羂
CouldFoodShortagesBringDownCivilization?
羈
[A]Formanyyears
Ihavestudiedglobalagricultural,population,
< br>combinedeffectsofthosetrendsandthepoliticalt
,too,haveresistedtheideathatfoodshortagesc
ouldbringdownnotonlyindividualgovernmentsbutalsoou
rglobalcivilization.
肆
[B]tinuingfailuretodealwiththeenvironmentald eclinesthatareunderminingtheworldfo
odec
onomyforcesmetoconcludethatsuchacollapseispossible
.
蚂
[C]Asdemandfo
rfoodrisesfasterthansuppliesaregrowing,theresultin
gfood-priceinflationputsseverestressonthegovernme<
/p>
tobuygrainorgrowtheirown,,evenbeforethes
teepclimbi
ngrainpricesin2008,oodsituati
oncontinuestoworsen,entirenationswillbreak
< br>20thcenturythemainthreattointernationalsecurity wassuperpowerconflict;todayitisfaili
ngs
tates.
蒀
[D]State
sfailwhennationalgovernmentscannolongerprovidepers
onalsecurity,foodsecurityandbasicsocialservicessuc
hase
vernmentslosetheircontrolonpower,po
int,countri
escanbecomesodangerogstatesa
reofinternatio
nalconcernbecausetheyarea
sourceofterrorists,drugs,weaponsand
refu
gees
(
难
民
),threateningpoliticalstabilityeverywhere.
蚇
[E]Thesurgeinwo
rldgrainpricesin2007and2008
—
andthethreattheyposetofoodsecurity
——
hasadifferent,moretroubling
thes
econdhalfofthe20thcentury,197
2,forinsta
nce,theSoviets,recognizingtheirpoorharvestearly,ul
t,wheatprices
elsewheremoret
handoubled,sandotherpriceshockswereevent-driven
——
dr
oughtintheSoviet
Union,riseswereshort-lived:pricestypicallyreturned
tono
rmalwiththenextharvest.
膅
[F]Incontrast,therecentsurg
einworldgrainpricesistrend-driven,makingitunlikely
toreversewithoutareversalinthetrendsth
e
mandside,thosetrendsincludetheongoingadditionofmor
ethan70millionpeopleayear,agrowingnumber
ofpeoplewantingtomoveupthefoodchaintoconsumehighl
ygrain-intensivemeatproducts,andthemassive
< br>diversion
(
转
向
)otheproductionofbio-fuel.
肃
[G]Asincomesriseamonglow-in
comeconsumers,tpotentialpalesbe
sidethen
ever-endingdemandforcrop-
hofthisyear’ar
vestwillgotofuelcars.
膂
[H]Whataboutsupply?Thethreeenvir
onmentaltrends
——
theshortageo
ffreshwater,thelossoftopsoilandtherisingtemperat
ures
——aremakingitincreasinglyh
ardtoexpandtheworld’hosetrends
,however,
gestchallengehereisirrigation,whichconsumes
70%theworld’nsofirrigationwellsinmanycountries
arenowpumpingwateroutofundergroundsourcesfast
ultisfalling
watertables
(
地
下
水
位
)incountrieswithhalftheworld’speople,i<
/p>
ncludingthethreebiggrainproducers
——
China,IndiaandtheU.S.
蚄
[I]Aswatertableshavefallena
ndirrigationwellshavegonedry,China’swheatcrop,thew
orld’slargest,hasdeclinedby8%sinceit
nso
firrigationwellshavesignifica
ntlylowere
dwatertablesinalmosteverystate.
莃
[J]Astheworld’sfoodsecurityfallst
opieces,individualcountriesactingintheirownself
-interestareactuallyworseningthetroub
ndbeganin2007,whenleadingwheat-exportingcoun triessuchasRussiaandArgentinalimitedorbannedthei
rexports,inhopesofincrmbanneditsexportsf<
/p>
vesmayeliminatethefearsofthoselivinginth
eexportingcountries,buttheyarecre
atingp
anicinimportingcountriesthatmustrelyonwhatisthenle
ftforexport.
蚂
[K
]Inresponsetothoserestrictions,grain-
importingcountriesaretryingtonaildownlong-termtrad
eagreementsthatwouldlock
-importanxietyi
sevenleadingtoneweffortsbyfood-importingcountriest
obuyorleasefarmlandi
eofsuchtemporarymea
sures,soaringfoodpricesandspreadinghungerinmanyoth
ercountriesarebegin
ningtobreakdowntheso
cialorder.
螇
[L]S
incethecurrentworldfoodshortageistrend-driven,cutc
arb
onemissionsby80%fromtheir2006levelsb
y2020,stabilizetheworld’spopulationateightbillionb
y2040,completelyremovep
overty,,wehavema
desubstantialprogressins
omepartsofthewo
rldonatleastoneofthese
——
thed
istributionoffamily-planningservicesandtheassociat
edshifttosmallerfa
milies.
蚇
[M]Formanyinthe
developmentcommunity,thefourobjectiveswereseenaspo
sitive,promotingdevelopmentaslongastheydi
irdandfarmoresignificantmotivatio
npre
sentsitself:meeticostweprojectforsavingc
ivilizationwouldamounttolessthan$$200billionayear,
1/ct,ourplanisthenewsecurit
ybudget.
蒃
erecentsteepcli
mbingrainpricespartlyresultsfromthefactthatmoreand
morepeoplewanttoconsumemeatproduct
s.
蝿
orderisbreaking
downinmanycountriesbecauseoffoodshortages.
thansuperpowerconflict,countriesunabletocopewi
thfoodshortagesnowconstitutethemainthreattoworldse
curity.
rtsoftheworldhaveseensuccessful
implementationoffamilyplanning.
horhasc
ometoagreethatfoodshortagescouldultimatelyleadtoth
ecollapseofworldcivilization.
singwater
shortagesprovetobethebiggestobstacle
tob
oostingtheworld’sgrainproduction.
tforsavingourcivilizationwouldbeconsiderably lessthantheworld’scurrentmilitaryspending
.
rdomesticfoodprices,somecountriesli
mitedorstoppedtheirgrainexports.
nmenta
lproblemsmustbesolvedtoeasethecurrentglobalfoodsho
rtage.
erofthisyear’sAmericangrainharve
stwillbeusedtoproducebio
-fuelforcars.
SectionC
葿
蒅
薃
腿
羇
芄
蚃
薀
虿
薁
Dir
ections:
hofth
emtherearefourc
hoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebest
choiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteron
An
swe
rSheet2
withasinglelinethr
oughthecentre.
肇
PassageOne
芅
Questions46to50arebasedonthefol
lowingpassage.
莁
Decliningmentalfunctionisoftenseenasaproblemofolda
ge,butcertainaspectsofbrainfunctionactuallybeginth
eirdeclineinyou
ngadulthood,anewstudysug
gests.
芀
Thestudy,whichfollowedmoret
han2,000healthyadultsbetweentheagesof18and60,found
thatcertainmentalfunctions
—
i
nclu
dingmeasuresofabstractreasoning,men
talspeedandpuzzle-solving
—
st
artedtodullasearlyasage27.
肆
Dip
sinmemory,meanwhile,generallybecameapparentarounda
ge37.
蚆
Ontheotherhand,
indicatorsofaperson’saccumulatedknowledge—
< br>likeperformanceontestsofvocabularyandgeneralkno wled
ge
—
keptimprov
ingwithage,accordingtofindingspublishedinthejourna
l
NeurobiologyofAging
.
膃
Theresulople’smindsfunctionatahighlevelev
enintheirlateryears,accordingtoresearch
erTimothySalthouse.
聿
“Th
esepatternssuggestthatsometypesofmentalflexibility
decreaserelativelyearlyinadulthood,butthattheamoun
tofknowledg
eonehas,andtheeffectivenesso
fintegratingitwithone’sabilities,mayincreasethroug
houtallofadulthoodiftherea
renodise
ases,”
Salthousesaidinanewsrelease
.
膆
Thestudyincludedhealthy,educatedadultsw
hotookstandardtestsofmemory,reasoningandperception
attheoutsetandatsomepo
intoverthenextsev
enyears.
螃
Thetestsaredesignedtodetect
subtle(
细
微
的
)changesinmentalfunction,andinvolvesolvingpuzz
les,recallingwordsanddetailsfromstories,andidentif
yingpatternsincoll
ectionsoflettersandsy
mbols.
薁
Ingeneral,Salthouseandhisco
lleaguesfound,certainaspectsofcognition(
认
知
能
力
)
generallystartedtodeclineinthelate20sto30s.
袈
Thefindingsshedlightonnormalage-related
changesinmentalfunction,whichcouldaidinunderstandi
ngtheprocessofdementia(
痴呆
),a
ccordingtotheresearchers.
芆
“By
followingindividualsovertime,”Salthousesaid,“wegai
ninsightincognitionchanges,andmaypossiblydiscoverw
aystoslo
wtherateofdecline.”
膄
Theresearchersarecurrentlyanalyzingthestu
dyparticipants’healthandlifestyletoseewhichfactors
mightinfluenceage
-relatedc
og
nitivechanges.
芃
thecommonviewofmentalfunction?
袁
A)Itvariesfrompersontoperson.
B
)
Itweakensinone’slat
eryears.
莆
C)Itgraduallyexpandswithage.
D)Itindicateson
e’shealthcondition.
羅
esthenewstudyfindaboutmentalfuncti
ons?
肁
A)Somedise
asesinevitablyleadtotheirdecline.
羀
B)Theyreachapeakattheageof20for
mostpeople.
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