考研管理类联考英语二真题

绝密★启用前

2016

年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试

管理类专业硕士联考

2016

年管理类专硕联考英语

(

二

< br>)

试题及详解

考生注意事项

1.

考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则

2.

选择题的答案须用

2B

铅笔填涂在答题 卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或

其它类型答题卡上的答案无效。

3.

其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按 规定要求作答，凡

做在试卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。

4 .

交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相 应位置签字

（作为考生交卷的凭据）。否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。

Section

Ⅰ

Use of English

Directions

：

Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for

each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on

ANSWER SHEET

1. (10

points)

Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more

creative,

and

willing

to

take

greater

risks.

And

new

research

suggest that happiness might influence___1___firms work, too.

Companies

located

in

places

with

happier

people

invest

more,

according to a recent research , firms in happy places spend more

on R&D ( research and development )

. That’s because happiness is

linked

to

the

kind

of

longer-term

thinking

___3___

for

making

investments for the future.

The researchers wanted to know if the ___4___ and inclination

for

risk-taking

that

come

with

happiness

would

___5___the

way

companies in

vested. So they compared . cities’ average happiness

___6___by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly

traded firms in those areas.

___7___

enough,

firms’

investment

and

R&D

intensity

were

correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were is it

really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something

else about happier cities ___9___why firms there spend more on R&D?

To

find

out,

the

researchers

controlled

for

various

___10___that

might make firms more likely to invest

–

like size, industry, and

sales

–

and for indicators that a place was ___11___to live in,

like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and

investment generally ___12___even after accounting for these things.

The

correlation

between

happiness

and

investment

was

particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors ___13___to

“less codified decision making process” and the possible presence

of “younger and less

___14___managers who are more likely

to be

influenced by sentiment.” The relatio

nship was ___15___stronger in

places

where

happiness

was

spread

more

seem

to

invest

more

in

places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places

with happiness inequality.

___17___

this

doesn’t

prove

that

happiness

causes

firms

to

invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it

at least ___18___

at that possibility. It’s not hard to imagine that

local culture and sentiment would help ___19___how executives think

about

the

future.

“It

surely

seems

plausible

that

happy

people

would

be

more

forward-thinking

and

creative

and

___20___R&D

more

than the average,” said one researcher.

1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when

2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D]

In conclusion

3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D]

necessary

4. [A] individualism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D]

realism

5. [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D]

change

6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D]

assumed

7. [A] Sure [B] Odd [C] Unfortunate [D] Often

8. [A] advertised [B] divided [C] overtaxed [D]

headquartered

9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D]

emphasize

10. [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D]

methods

11. [A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D]

reliable

12. [A] resumed [B] held [C]emerged [D] broke

13. [A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer

[D]compare

14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious

[D]experienced

15. [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D]

never

16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly

[D] equally

17. [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D]

Since

18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D]

strikes

19. [A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D]

share

20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away

[D] send out

Section

Ⅱ

Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each

text by choosing A

，

B, C, or D. Mark your answers on

ANSWER SHEET

1. (40 points)

Text 1

It's true that high-school coding classes aren't essential for

learning computer science in college. Students without experience

can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina,

the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon's School of Computer

Science.

However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When

younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it's not just

a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers - but a tool to

build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. It's not as

hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for

older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and

using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this

training could increase the number of people interested in the

field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.

Students also benefit from learning something about coding

before they get to college, where introductory computer-science

classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-

experienced or-determined students away.

The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming,

started as one of the many coding bootcamps that's become popular

for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the

same curriculum, but

interested in,

instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests

movies based on your mood.

The students in the Flatiron class probably won't drop out of

high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages

have a quick turnover, so the

learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job

market. But the skills they learn - how to think logically through

a problem and organize the results - apply to any coding language,

said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of

North Carolina.

Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But

creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the

classes. These kids are going to be surrounded by computers-in

their pockets ,in their offices, in their homes -for the rest of

their lives, The younger they learn how computers think, how to

coax the machine into producing what they want -the earlier they

learn that they have the power to do that -the better.

holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to

_______

[A] complete future job training

[B] remodel the way of thinking

[C] formulate logical hypotheses

[D] perfect artwork production

delivering lessons for high - schoolers , Flatiron has

considered their________

[A] experience

[B] interest

[C] career prospects

[D] academic backgrounds

Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will

________

[A] help students learn other computer languages

[B] have to be upgraded when new technologies come

[C] need improving when students look for jobs

[D] enable students to make big quick money

to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to

______

[A] bring forth innovative computer technologies

[B] stay longer in the information technology industry

[C] become better prepared for the digitalized world

[D] compete with a future army of programmers

word

[A] persuade

[B] frighten

[C] misguide

[D] challenge

Text 2

Biologists

estimate

that

as

many

as

2

million

lesser

prairie

chickens---a kind of bird living on stretching grasslands-once lent

red to the often grey landscape of the midwestern and southwestern

United States. But just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying

about 16% of the species 'historic range.

The crash was a major reason the . Fish and Wildlife Service

(USFWS)decided to formally list the bird as threatened .

prairie chicken is in a desperate situation ,

Daniel

Ashe.

Some

environmentalists,

however,

were

disappointed.

They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as

status

that

gives

federal

officials

greater

regulatory

power

to

crack

down

on

threats

.But

Ashe

and

others

argued

that

the

threatened

new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. In

particular,

they

called

for

forging

closer

collaborations

with

western

state

governments,

which

are

often

uneasy

with

federal

action. and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95%

of the prairie chicken's habitat.

Under

the

plan,

for

example,

the

agency

said

it

would

not

prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm,

or

disturb

the

bird,

as

long

as

they

had

signed

a

range-wide

management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. Negotiated by

USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses

that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund

to

replace

every

acre

destroyed

with

2

new

acres

of

suitable

habitat .The fund

will also

be used to

compensate landowners who

set

aside

habitat

,

USFWS

also

set

an

interim

goal

of

restoring

prairie

chicken

populations

to

an

annual

average

of

67,000

birds

over the next 10 years .And it gives the Western Association of Fish

and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the

job of monitoring

progress. Overall, the idea is to

let

remain in the driver 's seat for managing the species,

Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric. Some Congress members

are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups,

four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in

federal court. Not surprisingly, doesn't go far enough.

government

is

giving

responsibility

for

managing

the

bird

to

the

same industries that are pushing it to extinction,

Jay Lininger.

major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened

is____.

[A]its drastically decreased population

[B]the underestimate of the grassland acreage

[C]a desperate appeal from some biologists

[D]the insistence of private landowners

it_____.

[A]was a give- in to governmental pressure

[B]would involve fewer agencies in action

[C]granted less federal regulatory power

[D]went against conservation policies

can be learned from Paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers

will not be prosecuted if they_____.

[A]agree to pay a sum for compensation

[B]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat

[C]offer to support the WAFWA monitoring job

[D]promise to raise funds for USFWS operations

to Ashe, the leading role in managing the species is______.

[A]the federal government

[B]the wildlife agencies

[C]the landowners

[D]the states