-
北京市中考英语英语阅读理解专题练习
(
及答案
)
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1
．
阅读理解
At some
point in life, many people develop a mental
(
精神
) problem.
While most people get over it, for
others it doesn't go away easily.
The WHO says that about 20 percent
of teenagers worldwide suffer from mental illness.
It's
thought that the number of
teenagers with mental illness around the world
will increase by half
by 2020. It will
become one of the main causes of illness, and even
death.
In China, the
picture isn't bright, either. About one tenth of
teenagers under the age of 17 have
a
mental health challenge.
The world is changing fast. Study and
relationships have always caused stress, but today
the
stress is much higher than before,
the WHO said.
A
research centre in Oxford University says that
young people today have big stresses at school.
For example, they experience bullying
(
欺凌
). In a 2017 report, the
centre noted that the Internet
was
a
special
source
(
渠道
)
of
stress.
Online,
young
people
often
see
about
perfection
Also, according to
China
Daily
, Chinese people don't ask for
help with their mental problems.
They
fear that others will think less of them if they
say that they are in mental trouble. Elaine
Peng, a US mental health educator,
makes a similar point. And in the UK, over three
quarters of
young people believe their
mental problems have a social
stigma.
It is reported in 2017 that a
quarter
of young UK people wouldn't ask for help if they
developed a mental problem.
Young
people
who
don't
ask
for
help
for
their
condition
may
be
creating
problems
for
themselves in the future. Elaine Peng
warned that,
problem
forever.
—
ask for
help,
told
China
Daily
.
（
< br>1
）
Which of the following
is NOT the cause of stress according to the
passage?
A.
Heavy schoolwork
B. Being bullied at school.
C. Some information from the Internet.
D. Certainty about the
future.
（
2
）
Why
don't Chinese people ask for help with their
mental problems?
A. They don't think them serious.
B. They can get over them in
time.
C. They can keep their
mental health secret. D. They are afraid of
being looked down upon.
（
3
）
What does the
underlined word
A.
羞耻
B.
印象
C.
援助
D.
危害
（
4
）
Elaine Peng advised the
teenagers with mental illness to ______.
A. think less of themselves
B. avoid being bullied
C.
ask for help as soon as possible
D. stay away from the Internet.
（
5
）
The
main purpose of the passage is to ______.
A. ask research centers for
help
B. tell about
teenagers' stresses
C. call
public attention on teenagers with mental
illness
D. show some
different opinions from different
countries
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
D
（
3
< br>）
A
（
4
）
C
（
5
）
C
【解析】
【分析】大意：本文讲述世
界上许多人有精神疾病，到
2020
年世界上有一半的青
少年患精神方面的疾病。精神疾病将成为主要的疾病甚至导致死亡，研究表明引起精神异
常的原因是压力过大而没有及时找医生疏导导致的。
（
1
）细节
题。根据
young
people
today
have
big
stresses
at
school.
they
experience
bullying
(
欺凌
). the
Internet was a special source
(
渠道
) of stress.
可知
，研究表明压力的原因来自于过
重的学业，学校的欺凌，已经互联网上一些不良信息导致
的，
D
描述与原文不一致，故选
D
。
（
2
）细节题。根据
They
fear
that
others
will
think
less
of
them
if
they
say
that
they
are
in
mental trouble.
可知，他们害怕其他人瞧不起他们，故选
D
。
（
3
）词义猜测题。根据
And
in
the
UK,
over
three
quarters
of
young
people
believe
their
mental problems have a social stigma.
可知，在英国，超过
4
分之三的年轻人认为
他们的精神
疾病是社会的耻辱，推出
stigma
的意思是
“
羞耻
”
，故选
A
。
（
4
）推断
题。根据
If we hide our mental health, it
may remain a problem forever.
可知，如果
躲避我们的精神健康，它可能拥有是一个问题，推出
Elaine
Peng
建议患有精神疾病的青少
年应尽快就
医，故选
C
。
（
5
）推断
题。通过分析可知，作者讲述世界上越来越多的青少年患有精神疾病目的是唤
起全社会对
患有精神异常的青少年关注，故选
C
。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和词义猜测题是阅读
理解题中常考题型。细节题
需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的
信息；词句猜测题需要联系
上下文，推出词句的意思。
2
．
阅读下
列短文
,
从每题所给的四个选项（
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
）中选出最佳选项。
< br>
There were three
big fish in the lake. One of them, Demo, was wise;
another one, Jimmy, was
half-wise;
Martin, the third one, was stupid.
Some fishermen came to the bank of the
lake with their nets. The three fish saw
them.
Demo decided at
once to leave, to make the long and difficult trip
to the ocean. He thought,
won't discuss
with these two about this. They love this place so
much that they call it home and
will
stay
on.
How
silly
they
are!
They
still
haven't
realized
we
are
in
great
danger
now.
Their
ignorance will cost
them their lives.
Seeing the wise fish had left, Jimmy thought,
to escape.
and their nets?
Perhaps I should
pretend
（假装）
to be already
dead, giving myself totally to the
water.
fishermen.
threw him up on the
ground. He rolled
（滚动）
over
and over and moved secretly toward the
water, and then, back in.
The third fish was aimlessly
jumping about, trying to escape with his speed and
cleverness.
The net, of course, finally
closed around him, and as he lay in the hot
frying-pan bed, he thought,
my home.
< br>（
1
）
Demo
thought that he could escape from the fishermen by
_______.
A.
staying in the lake
B. pretending to be dead
C. jumping here and there
D. traveling to the ocean
（
2
）
The
underlined sentence “Their ignorance will cost
them their lives.” in the passage means
_______.
A. They will get away from the danger
because of their carefulness.
B. Some bad things will happen to their
daily lives.
C. They will
die if they aren't intelligent and smart
enough.
D. Because of their
ignorance, they will have happy lives.
（
3
）
Who
was caught by the fishermen at last?
A. Demo
B. Jimmy
C. Martin
D. Mario
（
4
）
We
can read this passage in ______
A. a letter
B. a story book C. a science
book D. a poster
（
5
）
Wha
t can we learn from the passage?
A. It is important to make
proper changes in time.
B.
Good chances are always given to the
honest.
C. The stupid can
also succeed with great efforts.
D. Where there is a will, there is a
way.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
D
（
3
）<
/p>
C
（
4
）
B
（
5
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文讲述三条鱼的
故事：
Demo
，
Jimmy
和
Martin
。
⑴细节理解。根据第三段
Demo
decided at once to leave, to make the long and
difficult trip to
the ocean.
可知渔夫来到湖边的时候
Demo
转移到海洋里去了。故选
D
。
⑵句意理解
。根据前两句
“
他们爱这个地方，把它叫做家而不愿离开，他们
仍然还没有意识
到巨大的危险。
”
可知
本句意思是
“
他们的无知会让他们丢掉性命的。
”
故选
C
。
< br>
⑶细节理解。根据最后一段可知第三条鱼
Martin
被抓住了，故选
C
。
< br>
⑷推理判断。本文是一个童话故事，所以会在故事书中看到此文，故选
B
。
⑸主旨大意。本
文通过三条鱼的故事告诉人们及时改变是非常重要的，固守老习惯是会丢
掉性命的。故选
A
。
【点评
】本文是故事类阅读，故事浅显易懂，题目的设计意图很清晰，能从文章中找到答
案。<
/p>
3
．
阅读理解
Last weekend, I took
Lucy to a park, where she discovered a track with
large bumps(
凸块
)and
sharp
tums.
At
first,
I
thought
Lucy
was
able
to
ride
her
bike
along
the
track,
but
she
quickly
found that her bike
was too low to the ground and kept getting stuck
on top of the bump.
Lucy
looked at me with fear because she was still a
biking newbie. I tried to encourage her too,
but really, I was
thinking
﹣
this is going to be
a disaster. Not because I thought she would get
hurt.
More because I thought she
wouldn't be able to pick up enough speed to
balance, then get really
discouraged,
and
give
up
quickly.
I
imagined
her
throwing
her
bicycle
to
the
ground
and
then
crying all the way home.
But I was only half right. Lucy did
have a lot of trouble riding the bike. She
couldn't find her
balance. She fell
many times. At one point, she almost started
crying because younger kids were
getting angry that she was slowing
everyone else down. But she did not give up. She
kept picking
herself
up
and
trying
again.
She
even
took
the
bike
off
the
track
and
into
the
main
park
to
practice
pushing off and picking up speed on a flat ground.
When she felt more confident, she
came
back. Then she did it over and over again until
she finally reached her goal of going around
the whole track without falling once.
Then she didn't want to leave and everyone was
cheering
her on.
This was not a day that ended in a disaster. It
was a day when Lucy learned that perseverance
pays off.
（
1
）
Why
was Lucy taken to the park last
weekend
？
A. TO play other kids.
B. To discover a track for
fun.
C. To find her speed
was too slow.
D.
To ride her bike along the track.
（
2
）
What
does the underlined sentence probably mean in
Paragraph 2
？
A. Lucy would get hurt and
cry all the way home.
B.
Lucy would fear to ride the bike and get
discouraged.
C. Lucy would
lose balance and slow the younger kids
down.
D. Lucy would have
trouble riding the bike and give up
soon.
（
3
）
What did Lucy take the bike into the
main park for ?
A. Being cheered on by
everyone.
B. Getting
practice in an easier way.
C. Feeling more confident and coming
back.
D. Reaching her goal
of riding the bike at once.
（
4
）
Which one is
the right order of the events?
a. Lucy fell and got up lots of
times.
b. Lucy picked up
speed on a flat ground.
C.
Lucy found her bike was too low for the
bumps.
d. Lucy rode her bike
around the whole track without falling
once.
A. a
﹣
b
﹣
c
﹣
< br>d. B. c
﹣
b
﹣
a
﹣
d. C. c
﹣
a
﹣
b
﹣
d.
D. a
﹣
C
﹣
b
﹣
d.
（
5
）
What is the
best title of the passage
？
A. Playing in the Park Is
Fun
B.
Perseverance Pays off
C.
Don't Be Afraid of Fall in
D. Riding Bikes Is Art
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
D
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
C
（
5
）
B
【解析】
【分析】文章大意：上周末
，我带露西去了一个公园，起初，我以为露西能沿着
跑道骑自行车，但她很快发现她的自
行车离地太低，一直卡在颠簸的路面上。因为她还是
个骑自行车的新手，我认为她很快就
放弃了。但我只对了一半。露西骑自行车确实有很多
困难。她找不到平衡。她摔倒了很多
次。有一次，她几乎哭了起来，但她没有放弃。她不
断地振作起来，再试一次。这不是以
灾难告终的一天。有一天，露西知道坚持是有回报
的。
（
1
）细节
理解题。根据
At first, I thought Lucy was able
to ride her bike along the track, but
she quickly found that her bike was too
low to the ground and kept getting stuck on top of
the
bump.
可知，起初，
我以为露西可以沿着赛道骑车，
但她
很快发现她的自行车离地太低，
一直卡在隆起的路面上。可知是去骑自行车，故答案是<
/p>
D
。
（
2
）句意猜测题。根据
I imagined her throwing her bicycle to the ground and then crying all
the way
home.
可知我想象着她把自行车扔到地上，
然后一路哭回家，
可知意思是露西骑
自
行车有困难，很快就放弃了，
故答案是
D
。
（
3
）细节
理解题。根据
She even took the bike off the
track and into the main park to practice
pushing off and picking up speed on a
flat ground.
可知她甚至把自行车从跑道上带到主公园
练习在平坦的地面上推开和加速。可知是为了以更简单的方式进行练习，
故答案是
B
。
（
4
）细节
排序题。根据第一段
but she quickly found that her
bike was too low to the ground
and kept
getting stuck on top of the
bump
但她很快发现她的自行车离地太低，
一直卡在颠簸
的顶部。
第三段第二行
She
fell
many
times
她摔了很多次；第三段中间
She
even
took
the
bike off the track and
into the main park to practice pushing off and
picking up speed on a flat
ground
。
她甚至把自行车从跑道上带到主公园练习在平坦的地面上推开和加速。
第三段最
后
and
over
again
until
she
finally
reached
her
goal
of
going
around
the
whole
track
without
falling
o
nce
，又一次，直到她最终达到了自己的目标，在整个赛道上不摔倒一次，故答案
是
C
。
（
5
）标题
判断题。根据：
It was a day when Lucy learned
that perseverance pays off.
这一天
露西知道坚持是有回报的，
可知答案是
B.
< br>【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、句意猜测题，细节排序题和标题判断题。
< br>细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；句义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合
< br>理想象，确定句子的意思；标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上，总结中心思想，凝
< br>练句式，最终确定答案。
4
．
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
三个选项中选出最佳答案。
Few students like homework, but it
is an important part of middle school life in the
UK.
The UK has these
rules for homework: Grades7and 8 (ages 11 to 13):
45 to 90 minutes per day;
Grade 9 (ages
14 to 15):1 to 2 hours a day.
Today, many homework tasks are done
on a computer. For example, preparing reports,
using
the Internet or doing online
tasks. So schools are usually open before and
after normal hours. In
this way,
students without computers or the Internet at home
can use the schools'
facilities(
设备
).
Sometimes,
students
are
given
extended
learning
tasks.
That
means
they
need
to
do
more
research and
analysis(
分析
).But however big
a task is, teachers always give
feedback
反馈）
to
help students find the areas where they
can improve.
Some
schools send students home with home diaries. They
advise parents to check on their
Children's progress. Sadly, not
every parent takes much interest. In a survey of
1,000 students
aged
11
to
18,
over
10
percent
said
that
they
did
not
have
space
at
home
to
do
homework.
Almost 15 percent said their families
did not support them enough.
（
1
）
In
the UK, which one of the following shouldn't do
homework for more than 90 minutes?
A. A student of 12.
B. A girl of 14.
C. A boy of 15.
（
2
）
If
a
student
doesn't
have
a
computer
or
the
Internet,
how
can
he
finish
his
online
homework?
A. He doesn't have to finish
it.
B. He can ask his
teacher for help.
C. He can
finish it at school.
（
3
）
The
underlined word
A.
扩展的
B.
特别的
C.
困难的
（
4
）
Why
do some schools send students home with home
diaries?
A. To
advise students to do their homework in
time.
B. To advise parents
to learn more about their children's
progress.
C. To advise
parents to help their children with their
homework.
（
5
）
Which part is the passage
probably from in a newspaper?
A. Education.
B. Sports.
C. Amusement.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
B
（
5
）
A
【解析】
【分析】短文大意：本文介
绍了英国学生的家庭作业情况。不同年龄段的学生家
庭作业时间不同。现在大部分的学生
都通过电脑完成作业。学生们还需要做一些扩展作
业。学校也希望家长配合来更好的帮助
学生完成家庭作业。
（
1
）细节理解题。根据
Grade 9
（
ages 14 to
15
）：
1 to 2 hours a day
。可知，
14
到
15
岁
的学生需要做
1
到
2
小时的作业。根据
Grades
7 and 8
（
ages 11 to
13
）：
45 to 90 minutes
perday
可知，
12
岁
的学生只需要做
45
到
90
分钟。故选
A
。
（
2
）细节
理解题。根据
So schools are usually open
before and after normal
hours
。
In this
way
，
students
without computers or the Internet at home can use
the schools' facilities
因此，
学校
通常在正常时间前后开放，这样，没有电脑或家里的互联网的学生就可以使用学校的
设施
。可知，没有电脑的学生可以在学校完成在线作业。故选
C
。<
/p>
（
3
）词义猜测题。结合语境，
Sometimes
，
students are given extended learning
tasks
。
根
据
That means they
need to do more research and
analysis(
分析
).
可知此
处表示有时候，学生
们会做一些扩展的学习任务。故选
A
。
（
4
）细节理解题。根据
They advise
parents to check on their children's
progress
。
可知，学
校让孩子们带家庭日记回家，是为了让家长了解一下孩子们的进展。故选
B
。
（
5
）推理判断题。通读全文
The
UK
has
these
rules
for
homewor
k
英国有这些家庭作业规
则，可知本文主要讲解英国的学生的作
业情况。所以，本文应该出自报纸的教育部分。故
选
A
。
【点评】此题考
查阅读理解。此题涉及到细节理解，词意猜测和推理判断等题型。对于细
节理解题，可直
接从短文的细节中找出问题答案。对于词意猜测题，要根据上下文的联
系，进行推理，确
定词在文章中的意思，对于推理判断题，要根据文章的细节及作者的观
点和对文章的认知
进行推测判断，找出正确答案。
5
．
阅读下
面短文，从下面每小题的
A
、
B
、
C
、
D
四个选项中选出最佳选项。
In many English homes people eat
four meals a day: breakfast, lunch, tea and
dinner.
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