介绍北京的英文导游词

liaoning, hebei, shanxi, shaanxi, and gansu and

two autonomous regions

——

ningxia and inner mongolia,

binding the northern china together.

historical records trace the construction of the origin of the

wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 b.c. during

the reign of king cheng of the states of chu. its construction

continued throughout the warring states period in the fifth

century b.c. walls, then, was built separately by these ducal

states to ward off such harassments. later in 221 b.c. the most

extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in

the ming dynasty (1368

——

1644) when altogether 18 lengthy

stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly

the ming dynasty wall that visitors see today.

the great wall is divided into two sections, the east and west,

with shanxi province as the dividing line. the west part is a

rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average.

in the eastern part, the core of the wall is rammed earth as well,

but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. the

most imposing and best preserved sections of the great wall

are at badaling and mutianyu, not far from beijing and both are

open to visitors.

the wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters

wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide

enough for five horses to gallop abreast. two-storied watch-

towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. the top

stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy

movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder,

military

equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison

soldiers. the

highest watch-tower at badaling standing on a hill-top, is

reached only after a steep climb, like climbing a ladder to

heaven.

there stand 14 major passes (guan, in chinese) at places of

strategic

importance along the great wall, the most important being

shanghaiguan and jiayuguan. yet the most impressive one is

juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing.

known as tian xia di yi guan (the first pass under heaven),

shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs

forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast. it

had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists

and many famous battles were fought here. it was the gate of

shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the

manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by li

zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to the

manchus, leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty. (1644-

1911)

as a cultural heritage, the wall belongs not only to china but

to the world. the venice charter says: historical and cultural

architecture not only includes the individual architectural

works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed

certain civilizations, significant social developments or

historical

events. the great wall is the largest of such historical and

cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so

attractive to people all over the world. in 1987, the wall was

listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site.

【篇三：北京景点英语导游词】

the great wall

the great wall, like the pyramids of egypt, the taj mahal in india

and the hanging garden of babylon, is one of the great

wonders of the world.

starting out in the east on the banks of the yalu river in

liaoning province, the wall stretches westwards for 12,700

kilometers to jiayuguan in the gobi desert, thus known as the

ten-thousand- li great wall in china. the wall climbs up and

down, twists and turns along the ridges of the yanshan and

yinshan mountain chains through five provinces--liaoning,

hebei, shanxi, shanxi, and gansu and two autonomous regions

ningxia and inner mongolia, binding the northern china

together. historical records trace the construction of the origin

of the wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 b.c.

during the reign of king cheng of the states of chu. its

construction continued throughout the warring states period in

the fifth century b.c. when ducal states yan, zhao, wei, and qin

were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north

of the yinshan and yanshan mountain ranges. walls, then, were

built separately by these ducal states to ward off such

harassments. later in 221 b.c, when qin conquered the other

states and unified china,emperor qinshihuang ordered the

connection of these individual walls and further extensions to

form the basis of the present great wall. as a matter of fact, a

separate outer wall was constructed north of the yinshan

range in the han dynasty, which went to ruin through years of

neglect. in the many intervening centuries, succeeding

dynasties rebuilt parts of the wall. the most extensive

reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the ming

dynasty when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced

with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the ming dynasty wall that

visitors see today.

the great wall is divided into two sections, the east and west,

with shanxi province as the dividing line. the west part is a

rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average.

in the eastern part, the core of the wall is rammed earth as well,

but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. the

most imposing and best preserved sections of the great wall

are at badaling and mutianyu, not far from beijing and both are

open to visitors. the wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high

and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the

ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. there

are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for

archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain

rain-water off the parapet walk. two- storied watch-towers are

built at approximately 400-meters internals. the top stories of

the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy

movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder,

military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering

garrison soldiers. the highest watch- tower at badaling

standing on a hill- top, is reached only after a steep climb, like

climbing a ladder to heaven. the view from the top is rewarding,

hoverer. the wall follows the contour of mountains that rise

one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with

distant haze.

a signal system formerly existed that served to communicate

military information to the dynastic capital. this consisted of

beacon towers on the wall itself and on mountain tops within

sight of the wall. at the approac

h of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the

beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.

emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant

places within a few hour long before the invention of anything

like modern communications. there stand 14 major passes at

places of strategic importance along the great wall, the most

important being shanhaiguan and jiayuguan. yet the most