-
Part I Vocabulary and Grammar
1.
By now John was _______with
indignation
（愤怒）
and we gathered round trying to
pacify
（使平静）
him.
A.
pouncing
（
扑过去抓住）
B.
convulsing
（
震撼）
C.
harking
（
听）
D.
seething
（沸腾）
2.
If you are ________to something, you
feel strongly that you?re not willing
to do it or that
you don?t like
it.
A.
averse
（厌恶）
B.
avid
（狂热）
C. awesome
（可怕的）
D.
azure
（天蓝色的）
3.
Are you going to hang the ______of the Declaration
of Independence in the classroom or
in
the auditorium
（大礼堂）
?
A.
goddess
（
女神）
B.
replica
（
复制品）
C.
typhoid
（伤寒）
D.
typhus
（斑疹伤寒）
4. If early humans hadn?t moved and
________as much as they did, they probably would
have continued to evolve into different
species.
A. inhabited
B.
interchanged
C.
intermingled
（交织）
D. migrated
5._________ and environmental groups,
including Greenpeace, say that many parts of the
Andes will suffer if they become over-
developed.
A.
Indigenous
（本地的）
B.
Indigent
（贫困）
C. Indignant
D. Indiscreet
(
轻率
)
6. Much of what he said was beyond her
comprehension but she understood the _______of
his remarks.
A. tack
(
钉子
)
B.
tact
（机智的）
C.
tanner
（皮匠）
D.
tenor
(
大意
)
7.
Most
banks
offer
________facilities
to
students,
to
help
them
when
they
run
short
of
money.
A.
oversight
监督
B.
overdraft
透支
C.
overdose
过量
D.
overseeing
8. The problem of
tracing the disease in such formidable country was
_______further by the
continuous
warfare in the area.
A. accelerated
B. consolidated
C.
exacerbated
加剧
D. reinforced
9. To trap animals a hunter fixes a
_______, usually made of cord, across the path
they are
likely to take.
A.
lotion
洗涤剂
B.
lotus
莲花
C.
snarl
咆哮
D.
snare
套圈
10. Equally, the large group of texts,
called the _______, gives us reasonable grounds
for
omitting many uses and word forms
that do not occur in it.
A. works
B.
corpus
文集
C. body
D.
collection
11.
Caroling
Moore,
the
first
woman
fellow
of
Porterhouse,
Cambridge,
points
out
that
gentleman is now used only with
irony
（讽刺）
or___________.
A.
derogation
名誉受损
B.
derivation
诱导
C.
derision
嘲笑
D.
duration
时间
12.
People
who
love
in
crowded
cities
often
experience
breathing
problems
during
the
summer
when high temperature combines with
_______polluted air.
A.
drab
褐黄色的、单调的
B.
stagnant
不流动的
C.
lurid
可怕的
D.
hoary
灰白
13. In the suburbs the spacious house
stand in _______contrast to the slums of the
city?s
poor
A.
foolhardy
有勇无谋
B.
furtive
鬼鬼祟祟
C. insidious
阴险的
D.
stark
鲜明的
14. The machine allows segments of the
film to be viewed repeatedly and at a number of
speeds, so the editor can cut
and_______ the film.
A.
amble
缓行
B.
tinker
修改
C.
splice
剪接
D.
adulate
奉承
15. Three men were feared dead last
night after a helicopter _______off course into an
oil
platform and ditched into the North
Sea.
A.
veered
偏离
B.
instigated
煽动
C.
falsified
伪造
D.
blandished
劝诱
16. Tony seems to know a lot about
music, but sometimes I think he?s
only_
______.
A.
slurring
含糊地发音
B.
s
mearing
把
...
擦模糊
C.
bluffing
唬人
D.
blurring
模糊
17.
The
American
dream
is
most
_______during
the
periods
of
productivity
and
wealth
generated by American
capitalism.
A.
plausible
貌似有理的
B.
patriotic
爱国的
C.
primitive
原始的
D.
partial
部分
18. I?m very concerned that today?s
children may be heading for social ills because
they
_______lots of chances for
laughter.
A. lose out to
B. lose to
C.
lose on
D.
lose out
on
失
去
19. Part of Doraem
on?s
particular appeal is that he is ready to
_______every situation—
and
likely, somehow, to get it wrong.
A.
take
down
B.
take
on
承担
C.
take
out
D.
take
away
20.
The
sun
began
to
_______the
morning
mist,
and
accompanied
by
the
sounds
of
the
waking villages, the
pilot switched on the engines and moved upstream.
A.
burst
out
B.
burst
upon
C.
burn
off
燃烧
D.
burn
into
21. When people are physically__ a
drug, they suffer ill physical effects if they
stop taking
the drug.
A.
absorbed in
B.
accepted by
C.
addicted to
上瘾
D.
attracted to
22. He became severely
____ when his wife died.
A.
impressed
印象
B.
embarrassed
尴尬
C.
depressed
消沉的
D.
stressed
23. The curiosity to know what
was in the letter was so strong that the boy could
not _____
himself from opening it.
A.
restrain
阻止
B.
distract
分散
C.
engage
从事
D. subject
24.
When
a
psychologist
does
a
general
experiment
about
the
human
mind,
he
selects
people
_______and ask them questions.
A. at
length
B.
at random
随机的
C. in essence
D. in bulk
25. I tried very hard to
restrain my laugh, but tears started flowing down
my cheeks and I
began____.
A. proffering
提供
B.
defrauding
诈骗
C.
guffawing
捧腹大笑
D.
deflecting
转移
26. No set of texts can be fully relied
on; the information from the texts has been
analyzed
and ____by a team of
lexicographers.
A.
appraised
评价
B.
apprised
告知
C.
appreciated
欣赏
D.
apprehended
逮捕
27.
A
____statement
is
a
false
and
malicious
恶意的
one
meant
to
harm
a
person?s
reputation.
A.
slanderous
诽谤
B.
flattering
奉承
C. ill-
natured
虐待脾气
D. critical
28. This famous
businessmen___ most of the profits from his
business to various charities
after his
success.
A.
donated
B. distributed
C. discharged
出院
D.
designated
指定
29.
The announcement will_____the
rumors
谣言
of a
takeover that have plagued
困扰
the
company for the past 18
months.
A.
append
附加
B.
scotch
镇压
C.
exhort
告戒
D.
exhale
散发出
30.
Many
animals
display
_____instincts
only
while
their
offspring
后代
are
young
and
helpless.
A.
cerebral
理智的
B.
imperious
专横的
C.
rueful
怜悯的
D.
maternal
母性的
31. As a
politician, she has to have the_____ of inspiring
confidence in her listeners.
A.
fluke
侥幸成功
B.
knack
诀窍
C.
frenzy
疯狂
D.
venison
鹿肉
32. Even though he was guilty, the
______ judge did not send him to prison.
A.
merciful
仁慈的
B.
impartial
公正的
C.
conscientious
良心
D.
conspicuous
明显的
33. The education ____ for the coming
year is about $$4 billion, which is much more than
what people expected.
A.
allowance
B.
reservation
C.
budget
预算
D. finance
34. They tossed your thoughts back and
forth over an hour, but still could not make ____
of
them.
A. impression
B.
comprehension
C. meaning
D. make
sense of
35.
As
a
____
actor,
he
can
perform,
sing,
dance,
and
play
several
kinds
of
musical
instruments.
A. flexible
B.
versatile
多才多艺的
C.
sophisticated
尖端
D. productive
36.
Sons of
high-
ranking
females
may
remain
at the
center of
the troop
while others
are
driven to the__________.
A.
periphery
周边
B.
perverse
走上邪路的
C.
rewarding
D.
salutary
有益的
37. I
t?s
very
difficult to ____ the exact meaning of an idiom in
a foreign language.
A.
exchange
B.
transfer
C.
convey
传达
D. convert
38. When we are reading,
the important thing is to ___ the essential
meaning, not to learn
every single
word.
A.
clasp
紧握
B.
grab
抓取
C.
grasp
把握
D.
grapple
抓住
39. The rope bridge over the river was
so ____that only one person at a time could use
it.
A.
precarious
岌岌可危
B.
stiff
僵硬的
C. broad
D.
tenuous
脆弱
的
40.
You
had
the
______situation
in
which
Luxembourg
had
more
listed
public
bathing
beaches than the whole of the United
Kingdom.
A.
luminous
发光的
B.
luculent
发亮的
C.
lubricant
润滑剂
D.
ludicrous
滑稽的
41. In a world where you can tell the
rich from the poor by their Internet connections,
the
poverty line____ the high-speed-
digital line.
A. trip out
行了
B.
trigger out
触发
C.
trigger of
触发
D.
trip
over
绊
倒
42.
Although
the
members
of
Parliament
wanted
to
go
home,
no
hope
for
an
early____
could be entertained.
A.
postponement
推迟
B.
compromise
C.
adjustment
调整
D.
adjournment
休会
43. They claim
that_____1
，
000 factories
closed down during the economic
crisis
．
A. sufficiently
充分
B.
approximately
大约
C.
considerably
相当的
D.
properly
恰
当的
44. I think she hurt my
feelings _______ rather than by accidents as she
claimed.
A.
virtually
几乎
B.
deliberately
故意地
C.
literally
实在地
D.
appropriately
适当地
45.
They
had
a
fierce
_____
as
to
whether
their
company
should
restore
the
trade
relationship which was broken years
ago.
A.
debate
辩论
B.
clash
冲突
C. disagreement
D. contest
46. During his years in Congress he
has____ with the chemical, drug and power
companies
on behalf of the ordinary
person?s right to breathe clean air.
A.
tussled
争辩
B.
actuated
驱动
C. capsized
倾覆
D.
fidgeted
烦
躁不安
47. Although the resistance groups do
not show great military ____they frequently
penetrate
渗透
deep
into the interior.
A.
prowess
实力
B.
prowl
潜行
C.
psalm
诗篇
D.
psyche
心
灵
48.
In
detective
stories,
the
detective
shares
all
the
_____
with
the
reader
but
usually
withholds their significance until the
end.
A. evidence
B. details
C.
clues
线索
D. information
49. A good painting is, in fact, a
_____ of line, color and composition to express
certain
meanings.
A. accordance
B.
balance
C.
harmony
D.
conformity
符合
50.
His _____should not be confused with
miserliness
吝啬
; she has
always been willing to
assist the poor.
A.
frugality
节俭
B. diffidence
C.
intolerance
D. intemperance
过度
51. She decided to accept his offer of
marriage after he____ her for months with flowers
and expensive presents.
A.
wrung
迫使
B. wiggled
摆动
C. wonted
惯例
D.
wooed
求婚
52.
If
any
of
the
runners
interfere
with
the
others
during
the
competition,
the
race
is
automatically declared null and _____.
A. empty
B.
lacking
C. useless
D.
void
无效
53.
The
debate
centered
on
the
fear
that
a
rapidly
growing
population
would
put
an___
strain
on the finite capacity of the earth to provide
resources.
A.
intolerable
不能容忍
B.
moderate
中度
C.
negotiable
D.
controllable
54. A common argument
claims that in folk art, the artist?s
subordination
退让
of technical
mastery to
intense feeling____ the direct communication of
emotion to the viewer.
A.
facilitates
便利
B.
averts
避免
C.
represses
压制
D.
neutralizes
中和
55. He _____ tonight with his
horrifying fishing stories.
A. lived on my nerves B.
got on my nerves
C. touched
a raw nerve D. lost his nerve
56. In
most cases, robots are now used in
repetitive
重复
, _____ tasks
that most people find
uninteresting.
A.
useful
B. prosperous
C. negative
D.
monotonous
单调
57. China regained her _____
over Hong Kong on July 1, 1997, after
Britain?s more than
150 years of
colonization of the island.
A.
majesty
权威
B.
sovereignty
主权
C. authority
D. administration
58.
In
Victoria,
Australia,
in1850,
miners
矿工
became___
with
the
high
cost
of
mining
licenses and restrictions on their
right to search for gold.
A. amazed
惊讶
B. confused
混淆
C.
irritated
恼火
D.
puzzled
困惑
59.
During times of war or economic___
many
people convert their wealth into precious
stones, which are transplantable and
more easily sold.
A.
distraction
分心
B.
disturbance
干扰
C.
tremor
颤抖
D. vibration
振动
60. People who lose their way in a
desert often suffer from___ thirst and hunger, in
addition
to extreme anger.
A. painful
B.
tormenting
折磨
C.
colossal
巨大的
D.
unperceived
无知
觉的
61. Now a paper in Science argues that
organic
有机
chemicals in the rock come
mostly
from _____on earth
rather than bacteria on Mars.
A.
configuration
配置
B. constitution
组成
C. condemnation
谴责
D.
contamination
污染
62.
T
he newspaper
_______ three whole pages to pictures of the
sandstorms
A.
decorated
装饰
B.
dedicated
奉献
C.
dictated
口述
D directed
63.
N
othing in
the contract says ________ how its terms will be
enforced.
A.
extravagantly
奢侈地
B. empirically
凭经验
C.
exceptionally
例外
D.
explicitly
明确地
64. The board of directors
has decided to ________ any salary increase.
A. forgive
B. forfeit
没收
C.
forgo
放弃
D. formulate
制定
65.
A
lthough
most
dreams
apparently
happen_____
,
dream
activity
may
be
provoked
by
external influences.
A.
simultaneously
同时地
B.
spontaneously
自发地
C.
homogeneously
均匀地
D.
instantaneously
瞬间地
66.
I
t is obvious that we are
going to have a boom in the economy rather than a
______
A.
recess
休会
B.
concession
C. succession
D.
recession
衰退
67.
F
ranklin
D.
Roosevelt
argued
that
the
Great
Depression
stemmed
from
the
American
economy?s
_________flaws.
A. underlining
B. vulnerable
C.
underlying
潜在的
D.
vulgar
庸俗
.
68.
R
umors
are
everywhere,
spreading
fear,
damaging
reputations
,
and
turning
calm
situations into __________ones.
A .tragic
悲惨
B.
turbulent
骚乱
C.
versatile
多才多艺的
D. suspicious
69.
S
nobs are
usually ___________ of people they feel to be
beneath them.
A.
contemptible
可鄙
B.
contemptuous
轻蔑
C
contemporary
当代
D.
contagious
传染性
70.
T
he billionaire is
____________to the displaced people in Iraq and
decides to contribute
a great sum to
the area
A
.passionate
热情的
B.
compassionate
同情的
C. enthusiastic
D.
conscientious
良
心
71.
T
he survivor cried out as
she suddenly saw the clock tower
large in the
fog.
A .appear
B.
loom
隐约地出现
C. boom
D.
look
72.
T
he softening voice
_________
beautifully with the echo of
the music.
A .fit
in
适合
B. cut out
减少
C.
chimed
in
一致
D. cut in
削减
73.
H
e had two appointments with
me , but __________
me
_________on both occasions.
A
.let… out
泄漏
B.
let
…up
让出
C.
let down
使失望
D
.
let …in
74.
N
owadays
many
graduates
are
looking
for
the
perfect
job,
which
in
fact
is
a
_____________.
A
.fancy
花式
B.
fantasy
幻想
C. fantastic
D. fanatic
狂热
75.
T
he
frequent
__________
from
cold
to
warm
weather
this
spring
have
caused
many
infectious diseases.
A
.transactions
交易
B. transmissions
传输
C.
transitions
过度
D.
transformations
变革
76.
I
t?s said
that the tropical islands are an earthly
______________.
A
.
paradise
B.
amusement
C. entertainment
D. disaster
77.
T
hey thought it might snow;
_________they began to climb the mountain.
A . despite
B.
regardless of the fact that
C. therefore
D.
nonetheless
尽管如此
78.
S
trategy is a
required course in military __________.
A
college
B
institute
C
academy
D
school
79.
E
nglish is _________ in the
main from the common Germanic stock.
A
derived
从中得到
B changed
C
adopted
D
formed
80.
T
his loss led to
demise
消亡
of the
business _____________.
A
failure
B
change
C
success
D
prosperity
兴旺
Part II Reading Comprehension
Passage 1
Sport is heading
for an indissoluble marriage with television and
the passive spectator
will enjoy a
private paradise. All of this will be in the
future of sport. The spectator (the
television audience) will be the
priority and professional clubs will have to
readjust their
structures to adapt to
the new reality: sport as a business.
The
new
technologies
will
mean
that
spectators
will
no
longer
have
to
wait
for
broadcasts
by
the
conventional
channels.
They
will
be
the
ones
who
decide
what
to
see.
And they will have to
pay for it. In the United States the system of the
future has already
started:
pay-as-you-view.
Everything
will
be
offered
by
television
and
the
spectator
will
only have to choose.
The review Sports Illustrated
recently
published a full profile of the
life
of
the
supporter
at
home
in
the
middle
of
the
next
century.
It
explained
that
the
consumers
would
be
able
to
select
their
view
of
the
match
on
a
gigantic,
flat
screen
occupying
the
whole
of
one
wall,
with
images
of
a
clarity
which
cannot
be
foreseen
at
present;
they
could
watch
from
the
trainer?s
stands
just
behind
the
batter
in
a
game
of
baseball or from the
helmet of the star player in an American football
game. And at their
disposal will be the
sane option s
the producer of the
recorded programmer has to select
replays,
to
choose
which
camera
to
me
and
to
decide
on
the
sound
whether
to
hear
the
public, the players, the
trainer and so on.
Many sports
executives, largely too old and too conservative
to feel at home with the
new
technologies will believe that sport must control
the expansion of television coverage
in
order to survive and ensure that spectators attend
matches. They do not even accept the
evidence which contradicts their view
while there is more basketball than ever on
television,
for example, it is also
certain that basketball is more popular than ever.
It
is
also
the
argument
of
these
sports
executives
that
television
harming
the
modest
team.
This is true, but the
future
of
those
teams
is
also
modest.
They
have
reached
their
ceiling . It is the law of the
market. The great events continually attract
larger audience.
The world I being
constructed on new technologies so that people can
make the utmost
use
of
their
time
and
,
in
their
home
have
access
to
the
greatest
possible
range
of
recreational activities. Sport will
have to adapt itself to the new world.
The most visionary executives go
further. That philosophy is: rather than see
television
take over sport why not have
sports taken over television?
1
．
What does the
writer mean by use of the phrase “an indissoluble
marriage” in the
first paragraph?
A
．
sport is
combined with television.
B
．
sport controls
television.
C
．
Television
dictates sports.
2
．
What
do
es “they” in line 2 paragraph 2 stand
for?
D
．
Sport and
television will go their own
ways
A
．
Broadcasts.
B
．
Channels.
C
．
Spectators.
D
．
Technologies.
3
．
How do many
sports executives feel with the new technologies?
A
．
they are too
old to do anything.
B
．
They feel ill
at ease.
C
．
They
feel completely at home.
4
．
What is going
to be discussed in the following paragraphs?
A
．
The
philosophy
of
visionary
executives.
C
．
Television
coverage expansion.
D
．
An example to
show how sport has taken
D
．
Technologies
can
go
hand
in
hand
with
sports.
B
．
The
process of television taking
over
television.
over sport.
5
．
What might be
the appropriate title of this passage?
A
．
The arguments
of sports executives
C
．
Sports
and
television
in
the
21st
B
．
The
philosophy
of
visionary
century
executives
Passage 2
Don't have
time
to
read
anymore?
Now you
can
get
free, quick literature
via
email.
More than 100,000
people open their email each day to read a chapter
of a book, through
Chapter-A-Day,
an
online
book
club
created
two
years
ago.
It's
a
free
email
service
that
provides
a
short
daily
reading
for
busy
people,
exposing
them
to
literature
they
may
not
find on
their own, inspiring some to recommit to the
reading habit. About 550 public library
systems
representing
over
3,000
branch
libraries
already
have
signed
up
to
offer
Chapter-
A-Day. Via email, participants get about five
minutes' worth of reading every day.
D
．
Sports: a
business
After three chapters are
emailed, the installments stop, and those who want
to keep reading
can borrow the book at
their public library or purchase it online.
Chapter-A-Day has eight
free book
clubs, and sells thousands of books each month.
Chapter-A-Day started in 1999 when
Suzanne Beecher, a lifelong book lover, realized
how
many
of
the
women
who
worked
part-time
for
her
software
development
company
didn't have time in their busy lives to
read. She decided to type part of a chapter of a
book,
and
send
it
to
her
employees
through
email.
The
next
day
she
typed
a
little
more,
and
continued to send literary installments
each day. She says she started getting feedback
from
the
staff
about
how
reading
made
them
feel.
were
interested,
and
realized
that,
though they didn't
have time in their busy lives for reading, just
reading that little bit each
day
got
them
back
in
the
habit
Realizing
that
many
other
people
could
benefit,
she
decided to take the idea even further
and start an email
others ease their
way back into daily reading.
Beecher
says.
Pat Dempsey, a librarian at a
public library in Ohio, has found Chapter-A-Day
helps her
library clients get back in
the habit of reading.
books,
6. Chapter-A-Day is
intended to help people
_.
A. get back
into the habit of reading
B. relieve
stress from office work
C. find
interesting books online
D. buy books
more conveniently
7. The
passage was written in
_.
A. 1999
B. 2000
C.
2001
D. 2002
8. It can be inferred that
through Chapter-A-Day _
_.
A. public libraries have become crowded
with readers
B. MS Beecher made much
money for her software company
C.
people begin to read very slowly and patiently
D. people cannot finish reading any
book online
9
.
The word
”.
A. a library
email
B. a rare
piece
of literature
10. Ms Beecher
decided to expand her Chapter-A-Day service
because
.
A. over 3,000 libraries
had joined
B. many other people could benefit
C. eight book clubs supported her
D.
free email service was available
Passage 3
According to the
United States government, people are classified as
homeless if they
have
no
place
to
stay
and
no
expectation
of
finding
a
place
for
the
next
thirty
days.
Although technically accurate, that is
an impersonal assessment of an enormous and very
human problem.
The homeless
population represents all of us Americans. It
includes men and women,
the elderly,
children, and infants. Its members are from all
ethnic (
种族的
) groups. What
they have in common is poverty.
Currently in the U.S., thirty-nine
million people live in poverty. When money is
really
tight, paying the rent or buying
food often becomes a choice. Government assistance
in the
form of food stamps does help
but, as one homeless man explains, you can?t pay
the rent
with food stamps.
C.
a free novel
D. a part of a book
With no
money for rent, the streets and homeless shelters
become the alternative.
Although men
constitute the largest group within the homeless
population, homeless
women with
children are rapidly joining them. In fact, one
quarter of the homeless people
in the
U.S. are teenagers and young children.
People
may
become
homeless
for
numerous
reasons.
However,
there
are
certain
factors that many of these individuals
have in common. They
include a lack of
adequate
education and job skills. A
majority of the teenagers and adults have not
completed high
school.
The
abuse
of
alcohol
and
drugs
is
also
a
common
factor.
One
third
of
the
adult
homeless population abuses alcohol,
while one quarter of the same group uses drugs.
Some
members
of
this
population
suffer
mental
health
problems.
Within
the
past
several years many institutions for the
mentally ill have been closed and their patients
sent
“home”.
Unfortunately,
a
number
of
those
people
have
no
home
to
go
to
and
they
are
unable
to adequately look after themselves.
Job
loss
in
today?s
economy
has
also
become
a
real
factor
in
the
loss
of
people?s
homes.
The
breakup
of
families
through
abandonment
and
divorce
are
also
contributing
factors,
particularly when there are children involved. The
parent who is left to care for the
kids
with inadequate income may be forced to depend on
the homeless shelters to put a roof
over their heads.
11
.
The
writer
thinks
that
the
U.S.
government?s
definition
of
the
homeless
reveals
______.
A.
an
insincere
attitude
toward
the
homeless
B.
an
unbearable
attitude
toward
the
homeless
C. an uncivilized attitude toward the
homeless
D.
an
unsympathetic
attitude
toward
the homeless
12. The U.S. government helps the
homeless by ______.
A. giving them homeless allowances
B. giving them food stamps
C. finding jobs for them
D. finding
residences for them
13. Most of the
homeless in the U.S. are ______.
A. male adults
B. female
adults
C. the elderly
D. children
14. People
become homeless for all the following reasons
EXCEPT ______.
A. the lack of adequate education
B. the abuse of alcohol
and drugs
C.
the
closure
of
institutions
for
the
mentally ill
15. The breakup of families is likely
to lead to homelessness because a parent with kids
may ______.
A.
lose
his
or
her
job
in
today
?s
economy
B. be unable to look
after the kids
C. not
have enough income
Passage
4
In
early
2004
eight
tiny
sensors
were
dropped
from
a
plane
near
a
military
base
in
California.
After
hitting
the
ground,
the
sensors
—
also
known
as
smart
dust
sensors
—
organized
themselves
into
a
network
and
quickly
detected
a
fleet
of
military
D.
find residence at a homeless shelter
D. the poor performance of economy
vehicles on the ground. The determined
the direction, speed and size of a series of
military
vehicles traveling along the
road and later transmitted the data to a computer
at a nearby
base camp.
Smart
dust sensors are
minicomputers
—
as small as a
grain of rice in some
cases
—
that
can
monitor
and
evaluate
their
physical
environment
and
can
relay
the
information
via
wireless
communication.
They
can
monitor
elements
such
as
temperature,
moisture,
humidity, pressure, energy use,
vibration, light, motion, radiation, gas, and
chemicals. These
devices will soon have
many applications, such as use in emergency
rescue.
Software
has
been
developed
to
run
these
minicomputers.
A
key
feature
of
the
software
is
the
ability
of
the
sensors
to
automatically
organize
themselves
into
a
communications
network
and
talk
to
each
other
via
wireless
radio
signals.
If
any
one
connection is
interrupted, the sensors will self-correct and
pass the information on to the
next
available sensor.
Each
sensor
has
a
chip
that
does
the
computing
work
—
recording
things
like
temperature
and
motion
at
its
location.
Each
sensor
also
has
a
tiny
radio
transmitter
that
allows
it
to
talk
to
other
sensors
within
100
feet
or
so.
With
a
single
network
of
10,000
sensors
—
thought
to be the biggest array (
阵列
)
of sensors currently
possible
—
you could
cover 9 square miles and get
information about each point along the way. The
data finally
works its way to a base
station that can send the information to a
computer or to a wireless
network.
The
scientists
who
are
working
with
this
technology
say
smart
dust
sensors
can
be
used to detect the location or movement
of enemy troops in areas too dangerous or remote
for soldiers to operate. Scattering
hundreds of self-networking sensors from a
manned or
unmanned plane
onto the battlefield, in theory, could produce
critical information and lead
to
strategic
advantage.
Sensors
could
also
be
used
to
detect
the
presence
of
chemical
weapons and could
give troops the time needed to put on protective
gear.
16. Smart dust sensors can do all
the following EXCEPT ______.
A. giving
troops their protective gear
D.
operating
in
remote
and
dangerous
B.
organizing
themselves
into
a
war zones
computer network
C.
detecting
the
movement
of
military vehicles nearby
17
.
By
“physical
environment”
(Paragraph
2),
the
writer
means
such
elements
as
______.
A. the
position of military troops
B. the
presence of minicomputers
C. the
strength of radio signals
D. the amount of water
vapor in the air
18.
If
connection
between
two
sensors
is
blocked,
the
network
will
automatically
______.
A. replace the sensor
involved
B. repair the sensor
involved
C. ignore the
sensor involved
D. destroy the
sensor involved
19. To cover an area of
3 square miles and get information about each
point along the
way, how many smart
dust sensors are needed?
A.
About
3,000
sensors.
B.
About
3,300 sensors.
C.
About
5,000
sensors.
D.
About
6,600
sensors.
20.
The
passage
implies
that
the
smart
dust
sensors
are
most
likely
to
be
used
in
______.