第三册中国文化英汉对照

说？

中国传统节日 以中国的农历为依据。农历年的岁首称为春节，俗称

“

过年

”

，有祈

年等多种习俗，

< br>是中国人民最隆重的传统节日，

象征团结兴旺。

其他主要 的节日

有元宵节、清明节、端午节、七夕节、中秋节、重阳节、冬至节、腊八节等等。< /p>

各个节日都有其来源讲究和风俗习惯。

农历节日与农历中的二十四 节气不同。

农

历节日是中华民族凝聚力和生命力的体现。

Traditional

Chinese

festivals

are

usually

fixed

according

to

the

Lunar

calendar.

January 1st

on lunar calendar has been designated as the Spring

Festival

(generally

referred to as guonian). There are several customs during the Spring Festival, such as

praying

for

a

good

harvest,

etc.

The

Spring

Festival

is

the

most

ceremonious

traditional

festival

in

China

and

symbolizes

unity

and

other

significant Chinese festivals include the Lantern Festival, the Pure Bright Festival, the

Dragon

Boat

Festival,

the

Double-seventh

Festival,

the

Mid-Autumn

Festival,

the

Double-Ninth Festival, the Winter Solstice, and the Eighth Day of the Twelfth Lunar

Month,

etc.

Each

festival

has

its

own

unique

origin

and

Chinese

festivals that follow the Lunar calendar are different from the 24 Solar Terms in the

Lunar embody China’s cohesion and vitality.

L3U2

中国茶文化

Chinese Tea Culture

问题

1

问题

2

：茶作为中华民族的举国之饮，兴盛 于哪个朝代？

问题

3

：中国的茶道精神里主要融入了哪些中国的传统思想？

茶是中华民族的举国之饮，

发端于神 农，

兴盛于唐宋

（

618

—

1279

）

。

柴米油盐酱醋茶，

是中国人日常生活 的写照。

茶文化是茶的自然和人文双重属性

的引申与概括。

中国的茶道精神将儒释道三教融入其中，

其主要目的是借助饮茶

艺术来修炼身心，体悟大道，提升人生境界。

As a traditional drink for Chinese people, Chinese tea is believed to have first started

with

Chinese

Emperor

Shen

Nong,

and

flourished

in

the

Tang

and

Song

Dynasties

(618AD-1279AD).Making tea was considered one of the seven basic daily necessities

along

with

fuel,

rice,

oil,

salt,

soy

sauce

and

vinegar,

while

drinking

tea

is

an

apt

portrayal of daily life in culture is the extension and generalization of the

science and the humanities character of China, the tea spirit blends the thoughts

of

Confucianism,

Buddhism

and

Taoism,

and

it

aims

to

help

people

cultivate

both

mind and body, comprehend the truth, and elevate the realm of life through the art of

drinking tea.

L3U3

中国画

Traditional Chinese Painting

问题

1

< br>：中国画区别于西洋画主要特征是什么？

问题

2

：中国画在古代被称之为

“

< br>水墨丹青

”

。

“

水墨丹青

”

用英语怎么说？

问题

3

：

“< /p>

工笔画

”

和

“< /p>

写意画

”

用英语怎么说？

中国古代四大艺术

“

琴棋书画

”

的

“< /p>

画

”

特指中国画。

其绘画形式是用毛笔蘸水、

墨、

颜料作画于绢、帛、宣纸之上 ，古代称之为水墨丹青。为区别于西方的油画而称

之为

“

中国画

”

，简称

“< /p>

国画

”

。其题材有人物、山水、花鸟等。 技法可分为工笔和

写意。国画的艺术特质在于

“

笔墨

”

，强调以形写神，画尽意在。国画在艺术创作< /p>

上反映了中华民族的审美意识和情趣。

The four art forms in ancient China are guqin, chess, penmanship, and painting. And

painting

particularly

refers

to

traditional

Chinese

ional

Chinese

painting is done with a brush dipped into black or colored ink and is painted on silk or

xuan paper.

In ancient China, it was called “ink

-

painting”.

In order

to distinguish it

from Western oil-

paintings, the Chinese people term their works “traditional Chinese

painting”

(abbreviated

to

“Chinese

painting”).The

subject

matters

of

Chinese

paintings are typically figures, landscapes, birds and flowers. The drawing skills and

techniques

employed

by

the

Chinese

painters

can

be

divided

into

two

forms:

fine

brushwork

and

free-

hand

artistic

characteristics

lie

in

“the

writing

brush and ink”. Chinese painting emphasizes using the shape to convey the feeling

s of

the

painter.

Even

though

a

painting

is

a

finished

product,

it

endlessly

conveys

a

terms of the artistic creation, traditional Chinese painting is a reflection of

the aesthetic consciousness and artistic sentiment of the Chinese people.

L3U4

中国酒文化

Chinese Wine and Spirits Culture

问题

1

：古人将酒主要用于哪三个方面之目的？

问题

2

：

“

无酒不成宴

”

用英语怎么说？

问题

3

：

“

酒令

”

用英语怎么 说？

问题

4

：酒令主要有哪些表现形式？用英语怎么说？

中国是酒的故乡。古人将酒的作用归纳为治病、养生、礼仪三类。酒文化是中华

饮食文化的重要组成部分，

它的精神文化价值体现在社会政治生活、

< br>文学艺术乃

至人生态度、

审美情趣等诸多方面。