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量词
:
通常用来表示人、事物或动作的数量单位的词,叫做量词。
例如:
a bag of (rice), a piece
of (news), a cup of (tea)
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量词特点
:
在英语中,有很多量词词组,例如:
a group
of
,
a flock
of
,
a bunch
of
,
a bundle
of
等等
.
量词词组粗略地归纳了以下的特点,具体表现为:
特点一:
英语量词词组所表示的数或量,大致可归纳为四种类型,即定量、不定量、大量和少量。
1
.表示定量的量词词组,譬如:
a couple
of
(两个、一对)
a
couple of days
,
a
couple of players
,
a couple of
times
;
a cupful
of
(一满杯)
a cupful
of jelly
,
a
cupful of water
;
a portion
of
(一份/客)
a
portion of duck
,
a portion of roast
beef
。
2
.表示不定量的量词词组,譬如:
a majority
of
(大多数/大半)
a
majority of opinions
,
a majority of
votes
;
an atom
of
(一点)
an atom of
food
,
an atom of
truth
;
a spell
of
(一阵/一段时间)
a
spell of fine weather
,
a spell of
coughing
。
3
.表示大量的量词词组,譬如:
a flood of
—
a
flood of ink
(洋洋大篇),
a flood of
tears
(泪如泉涌);
a
heap of
—
a heap of
earth
(一堆泥土),
a
heap of customers
(许多顾客);
a mountain of
—
a
mountain of debts
(债台高筑),
a mountain of
difficulties
(困难重重)。
4
.表示少量的量词词组,譬如:
a drop of
—
a drop
of fever
(有点热度),
a
drop of dew
(一点露水);
a particle of
—
a
particle of feeling
(一丝感情),
a particle of
dust
(一点灰尘);
a
shadow of
—
a shadow of
doubt
(一点怀疑),
a
shadow of freedom
(一点自由)。
特点二:
有些数量词组修饰可数名词
,有些数量词组修饰不可数名词,还有些则两者均可修饰。
1
.修饰不可数名词的量词词组,譬如:
a bit of
—
a bit of
English
(一点英语),
a
bit of good advice
(一些好意见),
a bit of
interest
(一点兴趣);
a
shred of
—
a shred of
evidence
(一点证据),
a
shred of cloth
(少量布),
a shred of
reputation
(一点声誉),
a sheet of
—
a
sheet of glass
(一块玻璃),
a sheet of
water
(一片汪洋)。
2
.修饰可数名词的量词词组,譬如:
a cluster of
—
a
cluster of flowers
(一簇花),
a cluster of
spectators
(一群观众),
a cluster of bright
stars
(闪烁群星);
a
string of
—
a string of
pearls
(一串珠子),
a
string of curses
(连续不断的咒骂),
a string of
excuses
(一连串借口);
a
scram of
—
a scram of
mosquitoes
(一群蚊子),
a scram of
geese
(一群鹅),
a
scram of children
(一群孩子)。
3
.修饰(不)可数名词的量词词组,譬如:
a body of
—
a body
of bees
(一群蜜蜂),
a
body of cold air
(一股冷空气),
a body of
facts
(许多事实);
a
block of
—
a block of
ice
(一大块冰),
a
block of flats
(一幢公寓),
a block of
houses
(一排房子);
a
chain of
—
a chain of
ideas
(一系列想法),
a
chain of accidents
(一连串事故),
a chain of
proof
(一连串证据)。
特点三:
有些数量词组的搭配是固定的,而有些搭配则比较灵活。
1
.搭配固定的量词词组,譬如:
a barrel of
—
a
barrel of beer
(一桶啤酒),
a barrel of crude
oil
(一桶原油);
a
basket of
—
a basket of
eggs
(一篮鸡蛋),
a
basket of apples
(一篮苹果);
a line of
—
a line
of trees
(一行树),
a
line of poetry
(一行诗)。
2
.搭配较灵活的量词词组,譬如:
a piece of
—
a
piece of paper
(一张纸),
a piece of
furniture
(一件家具),
a piece of
equipment
(一台设备);