-
Lesson 1 Excuse me!
自学导读
Excuse me!
这是常用于表示道歉的客套话,相当于<
/p>
汉语中的
劳驾
<
/p>
、
对不起
。当我们要引起别人的注意、
要打搅别人或打断别人的话时,通常都可
使用这一表达
方式。在课文中,男士为了吸引女士的注意而使用了这
句客套话。它也可用在下列场合:向陌生人问路,借用
他人的电话,从别人身边挤过
,在宴席或会议中途要离
开一会儿等等。
2
.
p>
Yes
?什么事?
课文中的
Yes
?应用升调朗读,意为:
什么事?
?以升调表示某种不肯定或询问之意
,也含有请对
方说下去的意思。
3
.
Par
don
?对不起,请再说一遍。
当我们没听清或没理解对方的话并希望对方能重
复一遍时,就可以使用这一表达方式。较为正式的说法
是:
< br>
I beg your
pardon.
I beg
your pardon?
Pardon me.
它们在汉语中的意思相当于
对不起,请再说一遍
或者
对不起,
请再说一遍好吗?
4
.
Thank you very
much
.非常感谢!
这是一句表示感谢的用语,
意为
p>
非常感谢
(你)
<
/p>
。
请看下列类似的表达式,并注意其语气上的差异:
Thank
you.
谢谢(你)。
Thanks!
谢谢!
5
.数字
1
~
10
的英文写法
1-one
2-two
3-three
4-four
5-five
6-six
7-seven
8-eight
9-nine
10-ten
语法
Grammar in use
一般疑问句
一般疑问句根据其结构又分为若干种。通过主谓倒
装可将带有
be
的陈述句变为一般疑问句。即将<
/p>
be
的适
当形式移到主语之前,如:
p>
陈述句:
This is your watch.
这是你的手表。
疑问句:
Is this your
watch?
这是你的手表吗?
(可参见
Lessons 15
~
16
语法部分有关
be
的
一般
现在时形式的说明。)
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
coat
n.
上衣,外套:
Is this your coat?
这是你的外套吗?
coat and skirt<
英
>
(上衣、裙子匹配的)西式女套
装<
/p>
2
.
dress
n.
(
1
)连衣裙;套裙:
Is this your
dress?
这是你的连衣裙吗?
(
2
)服装
;衣服:
casual dress
便服
evening dress
晚礼服
课堂笔记
Excuse
me
用法:
1
、向陌生人问路时
2
、引起对方注意时
3
、在某
个聚会中突然中途要离开一会儿时
4
、在发生一个简单的不算太错的错误时
sorry
对不起,用于对别人有伤害时
人称代词
主格
宾格
形容词性的物主代词
名词
性的物主代词
我(们)
I me my mine
你(们)
you you your
yours
他(们)
he him his
his
她(们)
she her her
hers
主格一般做主语,放在句首
宾格做宾语,放在动词或者介词之后
形容词性的物主代词不能单独使用
,后面必须跟名
词或其它的词,组成相当于汉语中的偏正词组
名词性的物主代词是单独使用的
This is my pen.
这是我的钢笔。
This pen is mine.
这只笔是我的。
Yes
读降调表示对某件事情的认
同,
读升调表示询
问
v. verb
动词
adj. adjective
形容词
adv. adverb
副词
pron. pronoun
代词
prep. preposition
介词
n. noun
名词
conj.
conjunction
连词
be
动词有
am
,
is
,
are
am
只能跟在第一人称的单数
I
后面
is
跟
在第三人称单数
he
,
she
后面
be
动词的基本意思:是
1
she is
,
he
is
,
it
is
,
Tim is
are
搭配
you
,不管是单数还是复数
you
are
,
we
are
,
they are
I am ---
I?m
she is ---
she?s
he is ---
he?s
it is ---
it?s
Tim is ---
Tim?s
you are ---
you?re
we are ---
we?re
they are ---
they?re
含有
be
动
词的简单的陈述句,否定句,一般疑问
句
This is my
handbag.
这是我的手提包。
含有
be
动词的句子如果变否定句,就是在
be
动词
后面加
not
This is not my handbag.
这不是我的手提包。
含有
be
动
词的句子,如果变一般疑问句,就把
be
动词提到句子的前面,
大写
Is this my handbag?
这是我的手提包吗?
Is this your handbag?
book
书本
watch
手表
pen
钢笔
car
小汽车
Yes, it is.
是的。
No, it isn?t.
不是。
This is my
book.
这是我的书。
This is not my book.
这不是我的书。
Is this your book?
这是你的书吗?
Yes, it is.
是的。
补充材料
英文
26
个
字母:
A B C D E F G
H I J K L M N
O P Q R S T
U V W X Y Z
五个元音字母:
Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu
字母歌:
ABCD EFG HIJK
LMN OPQ RST
UVW
XYZ, XYZ now you see, I can say my ABC.
英文中有
48
个音标,分为元音和辅音。
20
个元音,
28
个辅音。
元音分为:长元音,短元音,双元音,单元音。
元音:
┌
单元音
┬
前元音(
4
个):
/i:/
、
/i/
、
/e/
、
/A/
│ ├<
/p>
中元音(
3
个):
/E:/
、
/E/
、
/Q/
│ └
后元音(
5
个):
/B
:/
、
/C/
、
/C:/
、
/J/
、
/J:/
└
双元音
发
/i:/
的单词:
bee
蜜蜂
tea
茶
pea
扁豆
key
钥匙
see
看见
three
三
p>
清辅音:
/s/
,
/W/
浊辅音:
/z/
,
/T/
发
/i/
的
单词:
big
大的
city
城市
with
和
family
家,家庭
happy
快乐的,愉快的,高兴的
little
小的
family
侧重家庭的成员
There are four people in my
family.
home
抽象的家的概念
home road
《我的父亲母亲》
house
房子,一般指独立的院
落,更具体的指房子
的建筑,结构(以后再详细解释)
发
/e/
的单词:
bed
床
beg
乞求
red
红色的
men
男人(复数)
never
从来不
very
非常的
发
/A/
的单词:
bad
坏的
bag
包
dad
爸爸
man
男人,
人类
(
man can
conquer nature
人定胜天)
back
后部,背部
cat
猫
试读下列句子:
I often see that man in the
street.
我经常在街上看到那个男的。
He has a very happy family.
他有一个非常幸福的家庭。
A man is sitting on the
desk.
一个男的正坐在桌子上。
You see the green leaves on
the tree.
你在树上可以看见绿叶。
Tim ran back to get the
black hat and the red bag.
2
蒂姆跑回去拿到了黑色的帽子和红色的包。
Nothing to fear
but fear itself.
除了恐惧本身之外没有什么可以恐惧的。
一些谚语(主要练习口腔肌肉,请熟读):
a bad apple
一个坏苹果,坏蛋,惹麻烦,不诚实的
人
Big Apple
大苹果,纽约的别称
a fat cat
肥猫,暴发户(贬义)
a hot potato
棘手的问题
A bird in the hand is worth
two in the bush.
双鸟在
林不如一鸟在手。
A friend in
need is a friend indeed.
患难之交才是真
朋友。
God helps those
who help themselves.
天助自助者。
地道情景表达:
-- Hi!/ Hello!/ Hullo!/ How
do you do?
--
(Good) morning/ afternoon/ evening!
-- How are you?/ How are
you going?/
Lesson 3 Sorry,
sir.
对不起,先生。
Listen to the tape then
answer this question.
听录音,然后回答问题。这位男士有没有要回他的
雨伞?
Does the man get his umbrella back?
My coat and my
umbrella please.
Here is my ticket.
Thank you, sir.
Number five.
Here's your umbrella and
your coat.
This
is not my umbrella.
Sorry sir.
Is this your umbrella?
No, it isn't.
Is this it?
Yes, it is.
Thank you very much.
New words and
Expressions
生词和短语
umbrella
n.
伞
please
int.
请
here
adv.
这里
my
possessive adjective
我的
ticket
n.
票
number
n.
号码
five
num.
五
sorry
adj.
对不起的
sir
n.
先生
cloakroom
n.
衣帽存放处
参考译文
请把我的大衣和伞拿给我。
这是我(寄存东西)的牌子。
谢谢,先生。
是
5
号。
这是您的伞和大衣
这不是我的伞。
对不起,先生。
这把伞是您的吗?
不,不是!
这把是吗?
是,是这把
非常感谢。
自学导读
这是一个省略形式的祈使句,完整的句子应为:
Give me my coat
and my umbrella, please.
<
/p>
口语中,在语境明确的情况下通常可省略动词和间
接宾语,如:<
/p>
(Show me your) Ticket, please
请出示你的票。
(Show me your)Passport,
please.
请出示您的护照。
2
.
Here's your
umbrella and your coat.
这是您的伞和
大衣。
Here's
是
Here
is
的缩略形式。全句原为:
Here is
your umbrella and your coat
.
缩略形式和非缩略形式在英
语的书面用语和口语中均有,但非缩
略形式常用于比较
正式的场合。
Here's…
是一种习惯用法,句中采用了倒
装句式,即系动词提到了主语之前。又如
Here is my
ticket
这句话用正常的语序时为
My
ticket is here
。
3
.
Sorry = I'm
sorry
。
这是口语中的缩略形式,通常在社交场合中用于表
3
示对他人的歉意或某种程度的遗憾。
Sorry
和
Excuse me
虽在汉语中都可作
对不起
讲,但
sorry
常用于对自己所犯过失表示道歉,而
Excuse me
则多为表示轻微歉意的客套语。
4
.
Sir
,先生。
这是英语中对不相识的男子、年长者或上级的尊
称。例如:在服
务行业中,服务员对男顾客的称呼通常
为
sir
:
What can I do for you, sir?
先生,您要买什么?
Thank you, sir.
谢谢您,先生。
sir
通常用于正式信函开头的称呼中:
Dear sir
亲爱的先生
Dear sirs
亲爱的先生们/诸位先生们
Sir
可用于有爵士称号者的名字或
姓名之前(但不
用于姓氏之前):
Sir Winston Churchill
温斯顿
·
丘吉尔爵士
< br>
Sir William
Brown
威廉
·
< br>布朗爵士
5
.数字
11
~
15
的英文写法
11-eleven
12-twelve
13-thirteen
14-fourteen
15-fifteen
语法
Grammar in use
否定句
否定陈述句与肯定陈述句相反,它
表示
否定
,并
且含有一个如
not
之类的否定词。
一个内含
be
的否定
形式的陈述句,应
在其后加
not
,以构成否定句:
肯定句:
This is my
umbrella.
这是我的伞。
否定句:
This is not my umbrella.
这不是我的伞。
请再看课文中的这两句话:
针对一般疑问句的否定的简略答语是
No
,
it's
not
/
it isn't
。
此处省略和非省略形式的关系为:
is not
=isn't
;
it is =
it's
。全句应为:
No, it is not my umbrella.
不,它不是我的伞。
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
suit
n.
(一套)衣服:
Is this your suit?
这是你的衣服吗?
a man's suit
一套男装
a woman's suit
一套女装
2
.
please
interjection
(表示有礼貌地请求对方)请;烦劳:
My coat and my
umbrella please.
请把我的大衣和伞拿给我。
Please come in.
请进。
听课笔记
here
是地点副词
there
那儿
home
家
abroad
国外
downstairs
楼底下
upstairs
楼上
downtown
市中心
这些地点副词的前面不能加介词
one
一
six
六
eleven
十一
two
二
seven
七
twelve
十二
three
三
eight
八
thirteen
十三
four
四
nine
九
fourteen
十四
five
五
ten
十
fifteen
十五
祈使句
my umbrella and
my coat please.
省略了动词和间接
宾语的祈使句
由一个动词原形开头的句子就是祈
使句
(具体在
29
课再详细讲解)
p>
here
is
是简单的倒装句
be
动词放在
here
的后面,这个句式就可以成为简
单的倒转句式
My
ticket is here.
我的票在这。
Here is my
ticket. Here?s my ticket.
number
No.
No. five
mister
:加在男性的姓氏前面
sir
:
polite form
used in addressing a man especially in
a shop or by children talking to male
teachers
对男性的一种
比较有礼貌的称呼或学生对男性老
师的一种称呼或下级对上级的称呼
gentleman
p>
绅士,对男性比较有礼貌的称呼,在公
众场合最得体的称呼
guy
在美国英语中对男性一种不正式的称呼,家伙
boy
男孩,在美语中不正式的称
呼,可以称呼各种
年龄的男性
Mister Black
布莱克先生
4
What can I do for you, sir?
我能为你做什么呢,先
生?
Lesson 5
Nice
to meet you
很高兴见到你。
Listen to the tape then
answer this question. Is
Chang-woo
Chinese?
听录音,然后回答问题。
昌宇是中国人吗?
MR. BLAKE: Good morning.
STUDENTS:
Good morning, Mr. Blake.
MR. BLAKE: This is Miss
Sophie Dupont.
Sophie is a new student.
She is French.
MR. BLAKE: Sophie, this is
Hans.
He is
German.
HANS:
Nice to meet you.
MR. BLAKE: And this is
Naoko.
She's
Japanese.
NAOKO:
Nice to meet you.
MR. BLAKE: And
this is Chang-woo.
He's Korean.
CHANG-WOO: Nice to meet you.
MR. BLAKE: And
this is Luming.
He is Chinese.
LUMNG:
Nice to meet you.
MR. BLAKE: And
this is Xiaohui.
She's Chinese, too.
XIAOHUI:
Nice
to meet you.
New Word and expressions
生词和短语
Mr.
先生
good
adj.
好
Miss
小姐
new
adj.
新的
student
n.
学生
French
adj. & n.
法国人
German
adj. & n.
德国人
nice
adj.
美好的
meet
v.
遇见
Japanese
adj. & n.
日本人
Korean
adj. & n.
韩国人
Chinese
adj. & n.
中国人
too
adv.
也
参考译文
布莱克先生:早上好。
学
生:早上好,布莱克先生。
布莱克先生:
这位是索菲娅
.
杜邦小姐。
索菲娅是个
新学生。她是法国人。
布莱克先生:索菲娅,这位是汉斯。他是德国人。
汉
斯:很高兴见到你。
布莱克先生:这位是直子。她是日本人。
直
子:很高兴见到你。
布莱克先生:这位是昌宇。他是韩国人。
昌
宇:很高兴见到你。
布莱克先生:这位是鲁明。他是中国人。
鲁
明:很高兴见到你。
布莱克先生:这位是晓惠。她也是中国人。
晓
惠:很高兴见到你。
自学导读
1
.
Good
morning
.早上好。
英语中常见的问候用句。对此问候的回应一般也是
Good
morning
。根据一天中见面时间的不同还可以说
Good
afternoon
(下午好)
和
Good evening
(晚上好)
。
有时英美人见面时只简单地说一声
Hello
。
2
.
This is Miss
Sophie Dupont
.这位是索菲娅
·
杜邦
小姐。
This is+
姓名是将某人介绍
给他人时常用的句式。
课
文中的例子还有:
Sophie, this
is Hans.
索菲娅,这位是汉斯。
And this is Naoko.
这位是直子。
3
.
Mr<
/p>
.
Blake
/
Miss Sophie
Dupont
,布莱克先生
/索菲娅
·
杜邦
小姐。
英语国家中人的姓名通常由
3
部分组成
,即:名
+
中间名
+
< br>姓。
在一般情况下,不用中间名。在熟悉的人中间,以
名相称,
而在正式的场合中常用
Mr
.
(先生)
,
Mrs
.
(太
5
太
),
Miss
(小姐)或
Ms
.(女士)这些称呼再加上
姓。
Mr
.用
于男士的姓之前,不能单独使用,如课文中
的
Mr
.
Blake
;而
sir
一般单独使用,是对长者、上司
或男
顾客的尊称,如:
Sorry, sir.
对不起,先生。
Miss
一般用于指未婚女子,不
过有时在不知道对
方是否已婚时也可使用。
4
.
Nice to meet
you
.很高兴见到你。
用于初次与他人见面等非正式场合。对方的回应一
般应为
Nice to meet you
,
p>
too
(我也很高兴见到你)。
人们在正式的场合初次见面时常用:
How do you
do
?相应的回答也是:
How do
you
do
?这是一句问候
语,并非问话。
5
.国籍与国家名称有别
请不要将国家名称和与其对应的国籍搞混。课文的
French
,
German
,
Japanese
,
Korea
n
以及
Chinese
都是
表示国籍的词。
句中表示中国国籍的词应为
Chinese
而
不是
China
。
语法
Grammar in use
1
.特殊疑问句
以疑问词
who
,
what
,
when
,
which
,
why
,
where
,
whose
,
how
等引导的问句都叫特殊疑问句,也叫疑问
词疑问句,
有时还被称为
wh-
问句(
wh-question
)。结
构一般为:疑问词
+
助动词
+
主语
+
主动词等。作为疑问
词的
what
可以用来询问名字、国籍、工作、颜色、型
号等。例如以下几个问句:
What
make is this car?
这辆小汽车是什么牌子的?
What nationality are you?
你是哪国人?
What is your job?
你的工作是干什么?
What colour is it?
它是什么颜色的?
What size is this skirt?
这条裙子是多大号的?
2
.
a
和
an
Sophie is a new student.
索菲娅是一名新学生。
This is an umbrella.
这是一把雨伞。
这两个句子中出现的
a
/
an
在英语中被称为不定冠
词。
a
和
an
在意义上没有区别。用
a
/
an
p>
时,我们必须
记住两条基本原则:
(
1
p>
)
a
/
an
有不确定的意义(即所说的人、动物或
东西对听者或读者来说可能是不知道的)。
(
2
p>
)
a
/
an
只能用于单数可数名词之前。
此外还需注意
a
和
an
的发音:
a
(在平时讲话中发
/
+
/音)
用于辅音
(不是辅音字母)
之前;
p>
an
(/
+(
/)
用于元音(不仅仅是以元音字母
a
,<
/p>
e
,
i
,
o
,
u
开头的
词)
之前。
当我们把
a
或
an
用来说明字母表中的字母时,
便会一目了然:
This is a B
/
C
/
D
/
G
/
J
/
< br>K
/
P
/
Q
/
R
/
T
/
U
/
V
p>
/
W
/
Y
/
Z
.
这是一个
B
/
C
/
p>
D
/
G
/
J
/
K
/
P
/
Q
/
< br>R
/
T
/
U
/
V
/
W
/
Y
/
Z
p>
字母。
This is an A
/
E
/
F
/
H
/
I
/
L
/
M
/
N
/
O
/
S
/
X
.
这是一个
A
/
E
/
F
/<
/p>
H
/
I
/
L
/
M
/
N
/
O
/
S
/
X
字母。
课堂笔记
This is Miss Sophie Dupont.
介绍他人的时候经常用
This
is…
3
个冠词
a
,
an<
/p>
是不定冠词,一个
用于:
1
、
可数名词单数前面
2
、具有不确定意
义
事或名词前面
This is a watch.
a
用在普
通名词前面,
an
用于元音音素(元音发音
的单词)前面
a pen an apple an umbrella an egg an
hour a university
the
是定冠词,表示特指
Look, look, a
man is coming into the classroom.
The man is my teacher.
And this is
Naoko.
and
用在句首表示转折
She's Chinese,
too.
too
一般用于肯定句中
either
也,用于否定句中
Lesson 7
Are you a
teacher?
你是教师吗?
Listen to the tape then
answer this question. What is
Robert's
job?
听录音,
然后回答问题。
罗伯特是做什么工作的?
ROBERT: I am a new student.
My name's
Robert.
SOPHIE:
Nice to meet you.
My name's Sophie.
ROBERT: Are you French?
6
SOPHIE: Yes, I
am.
SOPHIE: Are you French
too?
ROBERT: No, I am not.
SOPHIE: What nationality
are you?
ROBERT: I'm
Italian.
ROBERT: Are you a
teacher?
SOPHIE: No, I'm
not.
ROBERT: What's your
job?
SOPHIE: I'm a keyboard
operator.
SOPHIE: What's
your job?
ROBERT: I'm an
engineer.
New Word and
expressions
生词和短语
I
pron.
我
am
v.
be
动词现在时第一人称单数
are
v.
be
动词现在时复数
name
n.
名字
what
adj. & pron.
什么
nationality
n.
国籍
job
n.
工作
keyboard
n.
电脑键盘
operator
n.
操作人员
engineer
n.
工程师
参考译文
罗伯特:我是个新学生,我的名字叫罗伯特。
索菲娅:很高兴见到你。我的名字叫索菲娅。
罗伯特:你是法国人吗?
索菲娅:是的,我是法国人。
索菲娅:你也是法国人吗?
罗伯特:不,我不是。
索菲娅:你是哪国人?
罗伯特:我是意大利人。
罗伯特:你是教师吗?
索菲娅:不,我不是。
罗伯特:你是做什么工作的?
索菲娅:我是电脑录入员。
索菲娅:你是做什么工作的?
罗伯特:我是工程师。
自学导读
1
.
My name's = My
name is
。
这是自我介绍时通常使用的句型:
My name is…
p>
(后
面加上自己的姓名)。有时也可用
I'
m…
这一句型。
2
.
Are
you French
,
too
?你也
是法国人吗?
< br>在英语中,
too
和
eithe
r
两个词都表示
也
的意思,
然而
too
仅用于肯定句中,
either
则限于用在否定句
中。
too
和
either
一般都放在句末,且前面通常用逗号隔开。
例如:
Is Sophie
Italian, too?
索菲娅也是意大利人吗?
Is Robert a keyboard
operator, too?
罗伯特也是电脑录入员吗?
3
.
What
nationality are you
?你是哪国人?
此问句用来询问对方的国籍。也可以问
Where are
you
from
?或
Where do
you come from
?
4
.
What's your
job
?你是做什么工作的?
What's =What is
。
询问对方从事何种职业时还可以
说:
What do you
do
?
5
.
I'm an
engineer
.我是工程师。
I'm
/
a
im
/
=I am
。口语中经常使用这
种缩略形式。
英语不定冠词有两个:
a
,
an
。
在发音以元音音素开头的
p>
词前面用
an
,在发音以辅音音素开头的词
前面用
a
。
engineer
/
?enDNi'ni+
/的发音是以元音音素
开头的,
所
以前面要用
an
。
(可参见
Lessons
5
~
6
中的有关说明。
)
6
.数字
16
~
20
的
英文写法
16-sixteen
17-seventeen
18-eig
hteen
19-nineteen
20-twenty
语法
Grammar in use
以疑问词
what
所引导的特殊疑问句
(可参见
Lessons 5
~
6
中的有关说明。
)
What…
?
这一问句可以用来询问国籍、工作等等:
What
nationality are you?
你是哪国人?
What's your job?
你是干什么的?
对于以上两个问句可如下回答:
I'm Swedish.
我是瑞典人。
I'm an air hostess.
我是一名空中小姐。
现在不妨改用第
3
< br>人称单数来进行类似的问答:
7
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
job
n.
(
1
)职业:
What's your job?
你是做什么工作的?
(
2
)(一
件)工作,活计:
The
whole job takes about 40 minutes.
整个工作大约需要四十分钟。
(
3
)职责:
It's your job to be on
time.
准时是你应该做到的事。
2
.
nurse
(
1
)
p>
n
.护士;照料者:
Is she a nurse or a
housewife?
她是护士还是家庭主妇?
(
2
)
v
.照料;照看:
All
her time goes into nursing her child.
她把全部时间都花于照看自己的孩子上了。
(
3
)
v
.养护;培养:
nurse a young tree
养护树苗
nurse an author of promise
培养有前途的作家
练习答案
Key to
written exercises
Lesson 8
A
1
My name is Robert. I am a student. I am
Italian.
2
Sophie is not Italian. She is French.
3
Mr. Black is
my teacher. He is not French.
B
1
What's his job? Is he a policeman? Yes,
he is.
2
What's
her job? Is she a policewoman? Yes, she is.
3
What's his
job? Is he a taxi driver? Yes, he is.
4
What's her job? Is she an
air hostess? Yes, she is.
5
What's his job? Is he a postman? Yes,
he is.
6
What's
her job? Is she a nurse? Yes, she is.
7
What's his job? Is he a
mechanic? Yes, he is.
8
What's his job? Is he a hairdresser?
Yes, he is.
9
What's her job? Is she a housewife?
Yes, she is.
10
What's his job? Is he a milkman? Yes,
he is.
课堂笔记
What's your name?
你叫什么名字?
My name is Lucy.
What's her name?
她叫什么名字?
Her name i
s…
What's his name?
他叫什么名字?
His name is…
这是一个新学生。
This is a new
student.
她的名字叫索菲娅。
Her name is Sophie.
这是他的老师。
This is his teacher.
他的名字叫罗伯特。
His name is Robert.
我的老师是男的。
My teacher is a man.
他的名字叫什么?
What is his name.
这是我的女儿。
This is my daughter.
她的名字叫什么呢?
What is her name?
这是他的太太。
This is his wife.
what
特殊疑问词
where /wZE/
什么地方
who /hu:/
谁
when /wen/
什么时候
which /witF/
哪个,哪一个
why /wai/
为什么
whom /hu:m, hum/
谁(宾格)
What make is it?
它是什么牌子的?
What color is it?
它是什么颜色的?
What
nationa
lity…?
nation n.
国家
national adj.
国家的,民族的
nationality n.
国籍
country /5kQntri/ n.
国家
How many
countries are
there in the world?
nation n.
国家,富有人文色彩的
land /lAnd/
n.
国家,多用于文学作品
state /steit/ n.
国家,表示政治的概念
homeland
,
motherland
祖国
work /wE:k/ n.
工作,广义的概念
task /tB:sk/ n.
工作,任务
job /dVCb/ n.
工作
,有报酬的工作,既可以是体力
的,也可以是脑力的
key /ki:/ n.
钥匙
board /bC:d/ n.
blackboard n.
黑板
operator
/5CpEreitE/ n.
操作人员
engineer
/7endVi5niE/ n.
工程师
Lesson 9
How are you
today?
今天好吗?
Listen to the tape then
answer this question. How is
Emma?
听录音,然后回答问题。埃玛身体好吗?
STEVEN: Hello,
Helen.
HELEN:
Hi, Steven.
STEVEN: How are you today?
HELEN:
I'm very
well, thank you.
8
And you?
STEVEN: I'm fine, thanks.
STEVEN: How is Tony?
HELEN:
He's fine, thanks.
How's Emma?
STEVEN: She's very well,
too, Helen.
STEVEN: Goodbye, Helen.
Nice to see you.
HELEN:
Nice to see you, too, Steven.
Goodbye.
New Word and
expressions
生词和短语
hello
int.
喂(表示问候)
hi
int.
喂,嗨
today
adv.
今天
well
adj.
身体好
fine
adj.
美好的
thanks
int.
谢谢
goodbye
int.
再见
see
v.
见
参考译文
史蒂文:你好,海伦
海
伦:你好,史蒂文
史蒂文:你今天好吗?
海
伦:很好,谢谢你。你好吗?
史蒂文:很好,谢谢。
史蒂文:托尼好吗?
海
伦:他很好,谢谢。埃玛好吗?
史蒂文:她也很好,海伦。
史蒂文:再见,海伦。见到你真高兴。
海
伦:我见到你也很高兴,史蒂文。再见。
自学导读
1
.
How
are you today
?你今天好吗?
这是朋友或相识的人之间见面时问
对方身体情况
的寒暄话,一般回答语为:
Fine, thank
you.
很好,谢谢。
I'm fine, thank you.
很好,谢谢。
I'm very well, thank you.
很好,谢谢。
如问及对方的先生或太太的情况,可以说
How is
Tony
?或
How's
Emma
?等。
相应的回答可为
He's fine
,
thanks
或
She's very
well
,
thankyou
< br>等。
2
.
And
you
?你好吗?
是
And how are you
?的简略说法。
在回答对方问候
健康的
话之后反问时用。
3
.数字
21
与
22
的英文写法
21-twenty-one
22-twenty-two
语法
Grammar in use
1
.
p>
How…
?
的一些社交上的用法
how
是一个表示
如何
的疑问词,
可以用来引导一
些用于社交场合的套话:
(
1
)用于询问健康状况或一般生活情况:
How are you?
你好吗?
How is Helen
today?
海伦今天好吗?
How have you been?
你一向可好?
(
2
)
How
do you do
?(你好吗?)是正式介绍中
的一句套话,
从不用来询问健康:
(
3
)
how
经常用在询问目前状况的疑问句里,如:
How's life?
生活如何?
How are things?
情况怎样?
How's work?
工作怎么样?
2
.形容词的意义与作用
(
1
p>
)形容词修饰名词所指的人、物等。我们用形
容词说明人、
物等是什么样或看上去是什么样的。
例如,
形容
词可以表示质量、
大小、
新旧、
温度、
形状、颜色、
产地。
(
2
)许多
形容词可用以回答
What…like
?这样的
问题,
并可根据上下文给出笼统的或确切的信息。<
/p>
例如:
(<
/p>
3
)英语中形容词作定语时一般置于名词之前,
< br>如:
a young nurse
一位年轻的护士
an old mechanic
一位老机械师
a lazy housewife
一个懒惰的家庭主妇
9
a
thin woman
一个瘦瘦的女人
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
look
v.
(
1
)看,瞧,观,望:
Look at that man. Is he thin?
瞧那个男人。他瘦吗?
Look carefully before you
cross the street.
过马路前要仔细看清来往车辆。
<
/p>
(
2
)面向,朝向:
The room looks on the
sea.
房间面向大海。
Two windows look to the
south.
两扇窗子朝南。
2
.
fine
adj.
(
1
)健康的;舒适的:
How is Steven today?
史蒂文今天怎么样?
(
2
)极好的,优秀的:
a fine view
美好的景色
a fine teacher
一位优秀教师
(
3
)优雅的,雅致的:
He is a man with fine
manners.
他是一个举止优雅的男人。
练习答案
Key to
written exercises
Lesson 10
A
1
Mr. Blake isn't a student. He's
a teacher.
2
This isn't my umbrella. It's your
umbrella.
3
Sophie isn't a teacher. She's a
keyboard operator.
4
Steven isn't cold. He's hot.
5
Naoko isn't
Chinese. She's Japanese.
6
This isn't a German car. It's a Swedish
car.
B
1
Look at that man. He's
very fat.
2
Look at that woman. She's very thin.
3
Look at that
policeman. He's very tall.
4
Look at that policewoman.
She's very short.
5
Look at that mechanic. He's very dirty.
6
Look at that
nurse. She's very clean.
7
Look at Steven. He's very hot.
8
Look at Emma.
She's very cold.
9
Look at that milkman. He's very old.
10
Look at that
air hostess. She's very young.
11
Look at that
hairdresser. He's very busy.
12
Look at that housewife.
She's very lazy.
课堂笔记
how
,怎样
how many, how
much, how long, how often, how far,
how
soon
how
many
多少,后面总是跟一个可数名词的复数
how much
多少,也可以问价格,价钱,后面总是
跟不可数名词
how
long
多长时间:
How long have you
been to
China?
how
often
表示多经常,问的是频率:
How often
do
you come here to study English?
how
far
表示问距离多远
how
soon
问多久:
How soon will you
come back?
how
come, you are very sure about
sth.
但是那件事情
没有成功
how goes it =
how is it going
最近怎么样?
Today is the
first day of the rest of your life.
今天是
你生命中的第一天。
look
强调看的动作:
Look
at the blackboard.
see
表示看见的结果:
I saw
the boy in the street.
watch
观看,画面都是移动的,
watc
h TV
How are
you?
How is
she?
How is he?
How is
Emma/Jim?
I'm
fine, thanks.
She's fine. He's fine.
Lesson 11
Is this your
shirt?
这是你的衬衫吗?
Listen to the tape then
answer this question. Whose
shirt is
white?
听录音,然后回答问题。
谁的衬衣是白色的?
TEACHER
:
Whose
shirt is that?
TEACHER
:
Is this
your shirt, Dave?
DAVE:
No. Sir.
It's not my
shirt.
DAVE:
This is my shirt.
My shirt's blue.
TEACHER: Is
this shirt Tim's?
DAVE:
Perhaps it is, sir.
Tim's shirt's
white.
TEACHER
:
Tim!
TIM:
Yes, sir?
TEACHER
:
Is this
your shirt?
TIM:
Yes, sir.
10
TEACHER
:
Here you
are.
Catch!
TIM:
Thank you, sir.
New Word and expressions
生词和短语
whose
pron.
谁的
blue
adj.
蓝色的
perhaps
adv.
大概
white
adj.
白色的
catch
v.
抓住
参考译文
老师:那是谁的衬衫?
老师:戴夫,
这是你的衬衫吗?
戴夫:不,
先生。这不是我的衬衫。
戴夫:这是我的衬衫。我的衬衫是蓝色的。
老师:这件衬衫是蒂姆的吗?
戴夫:也许是,先生。蒂姆的衬衫是白色的。
老师:蒂姆!
蒂姆
:
什么事,先生。
老师:这是你的衬衫吗?
蒂姆:是的,先生。
老师:给你。接着!
蒂姆:谢谢您,先生。
自学导读
1
.
Whose shirt is
that
?那是谁的衬衫?
这是特殊疑问句。读时用降调。
2
.
p>
Yes
,
sir
?
什么事,先生?
请参见
Lessons 1
~
2
课文详注以及
Lessons 3
~
4
课文详注。
3
.
Here you
are
.给你。
是给对方东西时的习惯用语。递给对方东西或对方
在找某物而你指出该物在什么地方时,往往用这种表达
方式。也可以说:<
/p>
Here it is
(指单数的物)或
Here they
are
(指复数
的物)。句中的
are
和
is
一般应重读。
4
.非省略形式和省略形式之间的关系
it is not = it
isn't = it's not
。
5
.数字
30
的英文写法
30 -thirty
语法
Grammar in use
1
.以疑问词
whose
引导的特殊疑问句
(
1
p>
)用来询问所有关系。所有者总是一个人而且
期望得到的回答是某人
的名字加
-'s
形式
(如
Tim's
蒂姆
的),或
者是一个所有格代词(如
mine
我的)。
(
2
)这时
whose
也可在句子中作表语,如:
(
3
)当所
有关系中指的是某件东西或某种物质时,
whose
后面的名词
可以省略:
2
.所有格形容词和所有格代词(
1
)
(
1
)所有格形容词与所有格代词都表示所有,即
某人或某物属于某一个人,回答以
whose
引导的问
句。
所有格形容词
my
,
your
等是限定词,必须始终放在名
词之前,只能
作定语。它们的形式取决于所有者,而不
是被拥有的东西。所有格代词
< br>mine
,
yours
等不能用
在
名词前,并且在说话时要加重语气。它们指人或物,单
数或复
数都一样。请见下表:
如:
This is my car.
这是我的汽车。(定语)
That is her coat.
这是她的上衣。(定语)
Your car is
red
,
mine is blue.
你的车是红色的,我的是蓝色的。(主语)
This book is
his
,
not yours.
这本书是他的,不是你的。(表语)
I have my way,
and she has hers.
我有我的处事方式,她有她的。(宾语)
(
2
p>
)名词所有格是在词尾加
-'s
构成的,不
仅可作
定语,还可作表语:
Is this Dave's shirt?
这是戴夫的衬衫吗?(作定语)
Whose is that shirt? Is it
your daughter's?
那条裙子是谁的?是你女儿的吗?(作表语)
练习答案
Key to
written exercises
Lesson 12
A
1
Stella is here. That is
her car.
2
Excuse me, Steven. Is this your
umbrella?
3
I am an air hostess. My name is Britt.
4
Paul is here, too. That is his coat.
B
1
Whose is this
handbag? It's Stella 's. It's her
handbag.
2
Whose is this car? It's
Paul's. It's his car.
3
Whose is this coat? It's
Sophie 's. It's her coat.
4
Whose is this umbrella?
It's Steven's. It's his
umbrella.
11
5
Whose is this pen? It's my daughter's.
It's her pen.
6
Whose is this dress? It's my son's.
It's his dress.
7
Whose is this suit? It's my father's.
It's his suit.
8
Whose is this skirt? It's my mother's.
It's her skirt.
9
Whose is this blouse? It's my sister's.
It's her blouse.
10
Whose is this tie? It's my brother's.
It's his tie.
11
Whose is this pen? It's Sophie's. It's
her pen.
12
Whose is this pencil? It's Hans'. It's
his pencil.
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
perhaps
adv.
或许,大概,可能:
Perhaps it is, sir.
也许是,先生。
Perhaps it will rain.
也许要下雨了。
Perhaps it's Sophie's handbag.
也许这是索菲娅的手提包。
2
.
catch
v.
(
1
)接住,拦住:
Catch!
接着!
(
2
)逮住,捕获:
catch a thief
捉住一个贼
(
3
)染上(疾病):
catch a cold
伤风
I
have caught a bad cold.
我得了重感冒。
课堂笔记
特殊疑问句的变换:
Step 1.
确定特殊疑问词
Step 2.
把句子变成一般疑问句
Is
this whose shirt?
Step 3.
把特殊疑问词提前
Whose
shirt is this?
This shirt
is whose?
Is this shirt
whose
?
Whose is this shirt?
另一个语法点:名词所有格
Tim's Jones' boss's
一般情况直接加
's
人名字如果是
s
结尾的,直接加
'
单词是
s
< br>结尾的,加
's
名词所有格有两种属性:形容词性、名词性
This is Tim's shirt. This
shirt is Tim's.
Whose shirt is this? Whose is this
shirt?
如果这个词后面跟
了一个名词,那么就是形容词性
所有格
如果它是单独使用的,那么就是名词性所有格
This is Lucy's
umbrella.
This
umbrella is Lucy's.
This is her umbrella.
This umbrella is hers.
Whose umbrella
is this? Whose is this umbrella?
blue movie
不健康的电影(黄色电影)
perhaps
表示可能但不肯定,
可以和
maybe
互换
white-collar
blue-collar pink-
collar
一般由妇女从事
的职业
white
book
政治或财政方面的书
white
lie
善意的谎
言
True Lie
White House
白宫
White Hall
as white as snow
Lesson 13
A new dress
一件新连衣裙
Listen to the tape then
answer this question. What
colour is
Anna's hat?
听录音
,然后回答问题。安娜的帽子是什么颜色
的?
LOUISE: What
colour's your new dress?
ANNA:
It's green.
ANNA:
Come upstairs and see it.
LOUISE: Thank you.
ANNA:
Look!
Here it is!
LOUISE: That's a nice dress.
It's very
smart.
ANNA:
My hat's new, too.
LOUISE: What colour is it?
ANNA:
It's the same colour.
It's green, too.
LOUISE: That is
a lovely hat!
New Word and expressions
生词和短语
colour
n.
颜色
green
adj.
绿色
come
v.
来
upstairs
adv.
楼上
smart
12
adj.
时髦的,巧妙的
hat
n.
帽子
same
adj.
相同的
lovely
adj.
可爱的,秀丽的
参考译文
路易丝:你的新连衣裙是什么颜色的?
安
娜:是绿色的。
安
娜:到楼上来看看吧。
路易丝:谢谢。
安
娜:瞧,就是这件。
路易丝:这件连衣裙真好,真漂亮。
安
娜:我的帽子也是新的。
路易丝:是什么颜色的?
安
娜:一样的颜色,
也是绿的。
路易丝:真是一顶可爱的帽子!
自学导读
1
.
It's the same
colour
.一样的颜色。
same
通常与定冠词
the
连用,表示
同一的
、
相
同的
:
two boys of the
same age
两个同龄的男孩子
We live in the
same city.
我们住在同一个城市里。
2
.
That is a
lovely hat
!真是一顶可爱的帽子!
句末用的是惊叹号,表现出较强的
感情色彩。句中
的
is
用斜体,是为了强调,应重读。
3
.数字
40
,
50
,
60
,
70
,
80
,
90
,
100
,
101
的英
文写法
40-forty
50-fifty
60-sixty
70-seventy
80-eighty
90-ninety
100-a hundred
101-a
hundred and one
语法
Grammar in use
1
.
what colour
(
s
)引导的特殊疑问句
(可参见
Lessons 5
~
6
语法中有关特殊疑问句的说
明。)
以疑问词
what
引导的
What colour…
?和
What
colours…
?
类型的特殊疑问句式用于询问颜色。又如:
What colour is
Anna's hat?
安娜的帽子是什么颜色的?
What colour's Helen's dog?
海伦的狗是什么颜色的?
What colour's your shirt?
你的衬衣是什么颜色的?
What colour is it?
它是什么颜色的?
2
.祈使句
(
1
p>
)祈使句的主语通常不直接表示出来,其谓语
动词用原型。祈使句用
来表示请求、建议、命令、叮嘱
等。如:
Follow me.
跟我来。
Shut the door,
please.
请关门。
Look out!
当心!
Keep off the grass!
请勿践踏草地!
Help yourself.
请自己动手。
(
2
)某些
祈使动词可以后跟
and
和另一个祈使动
词,而不是后跟人们预料的带
to
的动词不定式结构:
Come
and see this goldfish.
来看这条金鱼。(不用
Come
to see
)
Go and buy yourself a new
pair of shoes.
去给自己买双新鞋吧。(不用
Go
to buy
)
Wait and see.
等着瞧吧。(不用
Wait to see
)
词汇学习
Word
study
1
.
nice
adj.
(
1
)美好的,好看的:
It's a nice day
today, isn't it?
今天天气真好,不是吗?
That's a nice dress.
那件连衣裙真好看。
(
2
)和蔼
的,友好的:
He is very nice to his neighbours.
他对邻居很友善。
(
3
)使人
高兴的,令人愉快的:
It is so nice to have you here.
你能在这儿真是太好了。
Have a nice time!
祝你玩得痛快点!
2
.
smart
adj.
(
1
)漂亮的,时髦的,巧妙的:
Anna's hat is
smart.
13
安娜的帽子漂亮而别致。
You look smart in that new
dress.
你穿那件新连衣裙看上去时髦而洒脱
(
2
)聪明
的,伶俐的,精明的:
She is a smart student.
她是一名聪颖的学生。
He is a smart
businessman.
他是一位精明的商人。
练习答案
Key to written exercises
Lesson 14
A
1
This is
Paul's car.
2
This is Sophie's coat.
3
This is
Helen's dog.
4
This is my father's suit.
5
This is my
daughter's dress.
B
1
What colour's Steven's car? His car's
blue.
2
What colour's Tim's shirt? His shirt's
white.
3
What colour's Sophie s coat? Her coat's
grey.
4
What colour's Mrs. White's carpet? Her
carpet's red.
5
What colour's Dave's tie? His tie's
orange.
6
What colour's Steven's hat? His hat is
grey and
black.
7
What colour's Helen's
dog? Her dog's brown and
white.
8
What colour's Hans' pen? His pen's
green.
9
What colour's Luming's suit? His suit's
grey.
10
What colour's Stella's pencil? Her
pencil's blue.
11
What colour's Xiaohui's
handbag? Her handbag's
brown.
12
What colour's Sophie 's skirt? Her
skirt's yellow.
课堂笔记
color<
美
>
colour<
英
>
What colour is
A?
What colour
is your bag(shirt, umbrella, new dress,
TV)?
What colour is his tie(her skirt)?
green
hand
:生手,新手
green
card
:绿卡
green
thumb
:
/WQm/
有特殊园艺才能
green
light
:绿灯;特权
come
on
:跟着来;拜托了;快停下来吧
地点副词:
here,
there, upstairs, downstairs, home,
abord,
downtown
(市中心)
地点副词前面不能加介词
如:
go
abroad, go home, come here
smart
:机灵的,精明的
wise
:智慧的,聪明的(有生活阅历和理性判断,
由于人生的阅历得来的)
< br>
clever
:聪明(理解力上);狡猾,精明(在现代
美语口语上)
< br>
bright
:明亮的(小孩,年轻人)聪明的
lovely
:可爱的,秀丽的
beautiful
:美丽的(风景);漂亮的(女性,儿童)
p>
pretty
:漂亮的,迷人的(侧重于人有魅力、迷人方
面)
elegant
:优雅的(形容美到极致)
shapely
:形状美观的(身材)
Lesson 15
Your passports, please.
请出示你们的护照。
Listen to the
tape then answer this question. Is there a
problem with the Customs officer?
听录音,
然后回答问题。
海关官员有什么疑问吗?
CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are you Swedish?
GIRLS:
No, we are not.
We are Danish.
CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are your friends
Danish, too?
GIRLS:
No, they
aren't.
They
are Norwegian.
CUSTOMS OFFICER: Your passports,
please.
GIRLS:
Here they are.
CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are these your cases?
GIRLS:
No, they aren't.
GIRLS:
Our cases are brown.
Here they are.
CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are you
tourists?
GIRLS:
Yes, we
are.
CUSTOMS
OFFICER: Are your friends tourists too?
GIRLS:
Yes, they are.
CUSTOMS OFFICER: That's fine.
GIRLS:
Thank you very much.
New Word and expressions
生词和短语
customs
n.
海关
officer
14
n.
官员
girl
n.
女孩,姑娘
Danish
adj.& n.
丹麦人
friend
n.
朋友
Norwegian
adj. & n.
挪威人
passport
n.
护照
brown
adj.
棕色的
tourist
n.
旅游者
参考译文
海关官员:你们是瑞典人吗?
姑
娘
们:不,我们不是瑞典人。我们是丹麦人。
海关官员:你们的朋友也是丹麦人吗?
姑
娘
们:不,他们不是丹麦人。他们是挪威人。
海关官员:请出示们的护照。
姑
娘
们:给您。
海关官员:这些是你们的箱子吗?
姑
娘
们:不,不是。
姑
娘
们:我们的箱子是棕色的。在这儿呢。
海关官员:你们是来旅游的吗?
姑
娘
们:是的,我们是来旅游的。
海关官员:你们的朋友也是来旅游的吗?
姑
娘
们:是的,他们也是。
海关官员:好了。
姑
娘
们:非常感谢。
自学导读
1
.
Your passports<
/p>
,
please
.请出示你们的护照。<
/p>
请参见
Lessons 3
~
4
课文详注。
2
.
Here they
are
.给您。
本句中的
they
指
passports
。请参见
Lessons 11
~
12
课文详注。
p>
3
.名词的复数形式(
1
< br>)
英语中可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,指一个以
上的事物时用复数形式。可数名词的
复数形式一般是在
单数名词后面加上
-s
,如课文中的
friend-friends
/
frendz
/,
tourist-tourist
s
/
'tu+rists
/,
case-cases
/
'keisiz
/。
请注意
-s
的不
同发音。如果名词是以
-s
结尾的,变成复
数时则要加
-es
,如
dress-dresses
/
'dresiz
/,
blouse-blouses
/
'blauziz
/。
语法
Grammar in use
1
.表示复数的
-s
< br>或
-es
一般遵循的发音规则
(
1
p>
)如果名词词尾的发音是一个清辅音(如
/
f
/,
/
k
/,
/
p
p>
/,/
t
/,/
I
/;但/
s
/,/
M
/,/
tM
/
< br>除外),
-s
发
/
s
p>
/的音,如:
books
/
buks
/
suits
/
su:ts
/
(
2
)如果名词词尾的发音是一个浊辅音(如
/
b
p>
/,/
d
/,/
g
/,/
l
/,/
m
/,/
n
/,/
< br>R
/;但/
z
/,/
N
/,/
DN
/除外)或
元音,
-s
发
/
z
p>
/的音,如:
ties
/
taiz
/
dogs
/
d&gz
/
(
3
p>
)如果名词词尾的发音是
/
s
/,<
/p>
/
z
/,
/
p>
M
/,
/
N
/,
/
tM
/或/<
/p>
DN
/,
-s
发/
iz
/
的音,如:
dresses
/
'dresz
/
blo
uses
/
'bluziz
/
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
blue
adj.
(
1
)蓝色的,蔚蓝的:
The sea is deep
blue.
大海呈深蓝色。
He wears a blue tie.
他打一条蓝色的领带。
(
2
)沮丧
的,忧郁的:
He looks a bit blue.
他看上去有点儿忧郁。
His mood is
blue.
他的情绪低落。
2
.
grey
adj.
(
1
)灰色的,偏灰的:
His hat is
grey.
他的帽子是灰色的。
(
2
)头发
灰白的:
Her hair is grey.
她的头发灰白。
(
3
p>
)面色苍白的:
Tony looks grey and tired.
托尼面色苍白,显得疲惫。
15
练习答案
Key to
written exercises
Lesson 16
A
1
It is an English car.
2
It is a Japanese car.
3
It is an
Italian car.
4
It is a French car.
5
It is an
American car.
6
Robert is not a teacher.
B
1
What colour are your
shirts? Our shirts are white.
2
What colour
are your coats? Our coats are grey.
3
What colour
are your tickets? Our tickets are
yellow.
4
What colour are your
suits? Our suits are blue.
5
What colour are your
hats? Our hats are black and
grey.
6
What colour are your passports? Our
passports are
green.
7
What colour
are your umbrellas? Our umbrellas are
black.
8
What colour are your
handbags? Our handbags are
white.
9
What colour are your ties? Our ties are
orange.
10
What colour are your dogs? Our dogs are
brown
and white.
11
What colour
are your pens? Our pens are blue.
12
What colour
are your cars? Our cars are red.
17 How
do you do?
听录音,
然后回答问题。
What
are Michael Maker and
Jeremy Short's
jobs?
迈克尔
.
贝克和杰里米
.
肖特是做
什么工作的?
Come and meet our employees, Mr.
Richards.
Thank
you, Mr. Jackson.
This is Nicola Grey, and this is Claire
Taylor.
How do
you do?
Those
women are very hard-working.
What are their jobs?
They?re
keyboard operators.
This is Michael Baker, and
this is Jeremy Short.
How do you do?
They aren?t very busy!
What are their
jobs?
They?re
sales reps.
They are very lazy.
Who is this
young man?
This
is Jim.
He is
our office assistant.
New Word and expressions
生词和短语
employee
n.
雇员
hard-working
adj.
勤奋的
sales reps
推销员
man
n.
男人
office
n.
办公室
assistant
n.
助手
参考译文
杰克逊先生:来见见我们的雇员,
理查兹先生。
理查兹先生:谢谢,杰克逊先生。
杰克逊先生:这位是尼克拉
.
格雷,
这位是克莱尔
.
泰勒。
理查兹先生:你们好!
理查兹先生:那些姑娘很勤快。
她们是做什么工作的?
杰克逊先生:她们是电脑录入员。
杰克逊先生:这位是迈克尔
.
贝克,
这位是杰里米
.
肖特。
理查兹先生:你们好!
理查兹先生:他们不很忙吧!
他们是做什么工作的?
杰克逊先生:他们是推销员,他们非常懒。
理查兹先生:这个年轻人是谁?
杰克逊先生:他是吉姆,
是我们办公室的勤杂人员。
自学导读
1
.
How do you
do
?您好。
这是用于第一次见面时的较正式用语。一般用同样
的话来回答。请参见
Lessons 5
~
6
课文详注。
2
.
Come and meet
our employees…
来见见我们的雇
员
……
这里的
and
表示目的。
请参
见
Lessons 13
~
14
中语
16
法部分的解释。
3
.
This is Nicola
Grey
,
and this is Claire Tayl
or
.这
位是尼古拉
·
格雷,这位是克莱尔
·
泰勒。
这是介绍人们彼此认识时的常用句型。请参见
Lessons 5
~
6
课文详注。
4
.名词的复数形式(
2
)
如
果名词单数词尾为
-f
或
-fe
(读作/
f
/)
,<
/p>
则其复
数一律变为
-ves
(读作/
vz
/),即将
-f
或
-fe
变成
-v
,
再加
-es
而成,如
housewife----
housewives
。
英语中有一些名词的复数形式是不规则的,如
man
与
woman
其复数形
式分别为
men
与
women
。此外还可
用
man
,
woman
等来区别阳性与阴性:以
-
man
结尾的
一些复合名词指男性,如
milkman----
milkmen
,
policeman ---- polic
emen
;一些以
-woman
结尾的
名词指
女性,如
postwoman----
postwomen
,
policewoman ----
policewomen
。
5
.数字
200
,
1
,
000
,
1
,
001
的英文写法
200 ---- two
hundred
1
,
000 ----
a
(或
one
)
thousand
1
,
001 ---- a
thousand and one
语法
Grammar in
use
1
.
who
引导的特殊疑问句
Who
is…
?或
Who
are…
?这类以疑问词
who
p>
引
导的疑问句通常用来询问人的姓名和身份。
Who…
?仅
指人,
可以用来询问男
性、
女性、
单数或复数的人。
如:
p>
注意这种句型与
What
is…
?或
What are…
p>
?这类
句型的区别:
What…
?句型主要用来询问人的类别或职
业,如:
请参见
Lessons
5
~
6
与
Lessons 7
~
8
语法部分的
解释。
2
.所有格形容词与人称代词
(请参见
Lessons 11
~
p>
12
语法部分。)
所有格形容词
their
意为
他们的
,
其对应的人称代
词是
they
。下面是人称代词及其对应的所有格形容词形
式:
练习答案
Key to written exercises
Lesson 18
A
1
That man is tall. He is a
policeman.
2
Those girls are busy. They are keyboard
operators.
3
Our names are Britt and Inge. We are
Swedish.
4
Look at our office assistant. He is
very
hard-working.
5
Look at
Nicola. She is very pretty.
6
Michael Baker
and Jeremy Short are employees.
They
are sales reps.
B
1
Are they keyboard
operators or air hostesses?
They aren't keyboard
operators. They're air hostesses.
2
Are they
postmen or policemen?
They aren't postmen. They're policemen.
3
Are they policewomen or nurses?
They aren't
policewomen. They're nurses.
4
Are they
customs officers or hairdressers?
They aren't customs
officers. They're hairdressers.
5
Are they
hairdressers or teachers?
They aren't hairdressers. They're
teachers.
6
Are they engineers or taxi drivers?
They aren't
engineers. They're taxi drivers.
7
Are they
policewomen or keyboard operators?
They aren't policewomen.
They're keyboard operators.
8
Are they
milkmen or engineers?
They aren't milkmen. They're engineers.
9
Are they policemen or milkmen?
They aren't
policemen. They're milkmen.
10
Are they
nurses or housewives?
They aren't nurses. They're housewives.
词汇学习
Word
study
1
.
custom
n.
风俗;习惯;
When visiting a foreign
country, we might find the
country's
customs strange to us.
当我们去外国访问时,我们也许会发现该国的某些
风俗习
惯有些奇怪。
It is his custom to go for
a walk in the evenings.
他惯常在晚上出去散步。
2
.
customs,
Customs
n.
[
复
]
海关;征收关
税的程序:
The spy was stopped at the Customs and
questioned.
那个间谍在海关被截住并被加以盘问。
How long will
it usually take to pass the Customs?
通过海关检查通常要花费多少时间?
课堂笔记
employ
/
employment
雇用
I need to employ some people to help me
do this work.
employer
雇主
17
employment
工作
一个动词后有
-ee
,是被这个动作影响的人;一个
动词后有
-er
,是做出这个动作的人。
-ment
名词后缀
hard-
working
/
hard-
work
/
work hard
hard-working adj.
勤奋的
Sophie is a
hard-working
girl.
hard-work
艰苦的工作
This is a
hard-work.
work
hard
努力地工作
diligent adj.
勤勉的
man
也可以表示
人类
的意思。
Old man!
man-to-man
defence
人盯人防守
face-to-face
office
building
/
office
clerk
/
office
hours
/
office
worker
/
office
assistant
办公大楼/
办公室职员/上班时间/上班族/办
公室的助手
assistant
助手
assist
援助
P36 Written
exercise A
1 He
2 They
3 We
4 She / He
5 She / He
6 They
19 Tired and thirsty
听录音,然后回答问题。
Why
do the children thank
their mother?
为什么孩子们向母亲致谢?
What?s the matter,
children?
We are tired and thirsty, Mum.
Sit down here.
Are you all
right now?
No,
we aren?t.
Look!
There?s an ice cream man.
Two ice creams
please.
Here
you are, children.
Thanks, Mum.
These ice creams are nice.
Are you all right now?
Yes, we are,
thank you.
New
Word and expressions
生词和短语
matter
n.
事情
children
n.
孩子们(
child
的复数)
tired
adj.
累
,
疲乏
boy
n.
男孩
thirsty
adj.
渴
Mum
n.
妈妈(儿语)
sit down
坐下
right
adj.
好,可以
ice cream
冰淇淋
参考译文
母
亲:
怎么啦,孩子们?
女
孩:
我们累了
……
男
孩:
……
口也渴,妈妈。
母
亲:
坐在这儿吧。
母
亲:
你们现在好些了吗?
男
孩:
不,
还没有。
母
亲:
瞧!有个卖冰淇淋的。
母
亲:
请拿两份冰淇淋。
母
亲:
拿着,孩子们。
孩子们:
谢谢,妈妈。
女
孩:
这些冰淇淋真好吃。
母
亲:
你们现在好了吗?
孩子们:
是的,现在好了,谢谢您!
自学导读
1
.
What's the
matter
?怎么啦?
相当于
What's wrong
?或
Tell me what's wrong
。
这
个句型通常用来询问发生了什么事。假如要特别提及某
人,可以在后面加上介词
with
,如:
What's the
matter with you?
你怎么啦?
What's the matter with
Claire?
克莱尔怎么啦?
2
.
Mum
,儿语中小孩子对母亲的称呼。
与此相似,
dad
< br>是对父亲的儿语称呼。
18
3
.
There's = There
is
。
它表示
有
p>
、
存在
,
为
there +
be
结构的一般现在
时缩略形式。
4
.
Two ice creams
please
.请拿两份冰淇淋。
相当于
Give us two ice creams
,
please
。请参见
Lessons 3
~
4
课文注释。
ice cream
是物质名词。物质名
词前加不定冠词
a
< br>或基数词表示一种、一份、一客、一
类、一阵等。
语法
Grammar in use
1
.
there +be
结构(
1
)
在说明或询问人、物等的存在时即可使用
there
+be
结构。
说
There's an
ice cream man
比说
An ice cream
man
is there
更合乎习惯,
也更为自然。
there +be
结构可将重
要的新信息置于句末,以示强调。此结构中的实际主语
是
be
后面的名词。
因此,
假如该名词
是单数就用
is
,
如
< br>是复数则为
are
。
2
.人称代词与
be
英文中系动词
be
(是)
必须根据不同的人称代词作
相应的变化。请参见
Lessons15
~
16
语法部分中有关
be
的一
般现在时形式的内容,
包括某些缩略形式,
如:
they
are not =they aren't =they're
not
,
we are not = we aren't
=we're not
。
词汇学习
Word
study
1
.
thirsty
adj.
(
1
)渴的,口干的:
We're tired and
thirsty.
我们又累又渴。
(
2
)(土
地等)干旱的:
a dry and thirsty land
干旱的土地
(
3
)渴望
的,渴求的(
for
,
after
p>
):
The students there are thirsty for
knowledge.
那里的学生有强烈的求知欲。
2
.
matter
n.
(
1
)事情,事件:
It's a private
matter.
这是件私事。
He's not very interested in
financial matters.
他对财政方面的事情并不太感兴趣。
(
2
)麻烦
事,困难:
What's the matter, Anna?
怎么了,安娜?
What's the
matter with Steven?
史蒂文是怎么回事?
练习答案
Key to
written exercises
Lesson 20
A
1
Those
children are tired.
2
Their mother is tired,
too.
3
That ice cream man is very busy.
4
His ice creams are very nice.
5
What's the matter, children? We are
thirsty.
6
What's the matter, Tim? I am tired.
B
1
Are the
children tired or thirsty?
They're not tired. They're thirsty.
2
Are the postmen cold or hot?
They're not
cold. They're hot.
3
Are the hairdressers thin
or fat?
They're
not thin. They're fat.
4
Are the shoes small or
big?
They're
not small. They're big.
5
Are the shops shut or
open?
They're
not shut. They're open.
6
Are his cases heavy or
light?
They're
not heavy. They're light.
7
Are grandmother and
grandfather young or old?
They're not young. They're old.
8
Are their hats old or new?
They're not old. They're
new.
9
Are the policemen short or tall?
They're not
short. They're tall.
10
Are his trousers short
or long?
They're not short. They're long.
Lesson 21 Which book?
听录音,然后回答问题。
Which
book does the man
want?
这位男士要哪本书?
Give me a book
please, Jane.
Which book?
This one?
No, not that one. The red one.
This one?
Yes, please.
Here you are.
Thank you.
19
New Word and expressions
生词和短语
give
v.
给
one
pron.
一个
which
question word
哪一个
参考译文
丈夫:请拿本书给我,简。
妻子:哪一本?
妻子:是这本吗?
丈夫:不,不是那本。是那本红皮的。
妻子:这本吗?
丈夫:是的,请给我。
妻子:给你。
丈夫:谢谢。
自学导读
1
.
Give me a book
please, Jane.
请拿本书给我,简。
这是一个祈使句。祈使句表示请求
或命令。(请参
见
Lessons 13
~
14
语法部分的说明。)表示客气的请求
< br>时,通常加
please
。
2
.
Which book?
哪一本?
是
Which book do you
want?
的省略形式。下文中的
This one?
是
Do you want this
one?
的省略形式。
No, not
that one
是
No, I do
not want that one
的省略形式。口语
中常用
这样的省略句。
3
.
This
one?
是这本吗?
相当于:
Do you want this one?
one
是不定代词,代
替
a book
,以避免重复。
one<
/p>
的复数形式是
ones
。
one
和
ones
前面都可用
定冠词,也可有自己的定语。如:
4
.数字
1
,
010
,
1
,
011
,
1
,
016
的英文写法
1
,
010----a
thousand and ten
1
,
011----a
thousand and eleven
1
,
016----a
thousand and sixteen
语法
Grammar in
use
1
.人称代词
代词,顾名思义,就是用来代替名
词或名词短语的
词,在已经知道所指的是谁或什么的情况下使用,以免
< br>行文重复。人称代词有主格和宾格之分。在陈述句中,
主格代词差不多总是位于动
词之前。宾格代词可代替处
于宾语位置上的名词,它们可以作直接宾语和间接宾
语。
Give me/him/her/us/them a book.
给我
/<
/p>
他
/
她
/
我们
/
他(她)们一本书。(宾格代词)
p>
2
.
which
引导的特殊疑问句
(请参见
Lessons 5
~
6
中语法部分的说明。)
用
which +
名词可询问物体(单
数或复数)或物质。
which
总是说明一种限定的、特指的选
择。如:
Which book/books do you prefer?
你喜欢哪本/哪些书?
Which car do you like best?
你最喜欢哪种汽车?
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
p>
large
与
big
(
1
p>
)
large
仅指物理量值的大,是
small
的反义词。
large
主要指体积、面积、形状、数量方面的大,修
饰人时指个子大。如:
< br>
China is a
large country.
中国是一个幅员辽阔的国家。
Look at that large woman in
white.
瞧那个身穿白色衣服、个子高大的女人。
(
2
p>
)
big
所表示的大,
主要指不仅体积大而且很重。
所以
a large box
未必
big
。
big
在修饰人时,主要指大人
物,但个子未必高大。如:
p>
It is
a big house.
这是
一所大房子。(此句指不仅体积大,而且给人
深刻的或结实的印象。)
< br>
She's very
big in the filmdom.
她在电影界中是个响当当的人物。(此句指不仅成
功,且具有很大的影响力。
)
2<
/p>
.
small
与
little
(
1
)
small
指物理量值的
小或少,是
large
的反义
词,不带
什么感情色彩。如:
It is a small factory.
这是一个小新概念。
I want the
small one with the yellow handle.
我想要带新概念把手的那个小的。
(
2
p>
)
little
也表示小或少,但有小而可
爱的感情色
彩,是
big
的反义词。如
:
There is a little garden behind our
house.
我们的屋后有个小
花园。(此句表示花园虽小,但
很可爱。)
She has the
sweetest little smiles.
她的微笑十分甜蜜可爱。
练习答案
Key to written exercises
Lesson 22
A
20
1
Is this Nicola's coat? No, it's not.
Her coat
is grey.
2
Are these
your pens? No, they're not. My pens are
blue.
3
Is this Mr. Jackson's
hat? No, it's not. His hat is
black.
4
Are these the
children's
books? No, they're not.
Their books are
red.
5
Is this Helen's dog? No, it's
not. Her dog is brown
and
white.
6
Is this your father's tie? No, it's
not. His tie is
orange.
B
1
Give me a cup please.
Which one? This
dirty one?
No,
not this dirty one. That clean one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
2
Give me a
glass please.
Which one? This empty one?
No, not this empty one.
That full one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
3
Give me a bottle please.
Which one? This
large one?
No,
not this large one. That small one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
4
Give me a box
please.
Which
one? This big one?
No, not this big one. That little one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
5
Give me a tin please.
Which one? This new one?
No, not this
new one. That old one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
6
Give me a knife please.
Which one? This
sharp one?
No,
not this sharp one. That blunt one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
7
Give me a
spoon please.
Which one? This new one?
No, not this new one. That
old one.
Here
you are.
Thank
you.
8
Give me a fork please.
Which one? This
large one?
No,
not this large one. That small one.
Here you are.
Thank you.
课堂笔记
give v.
给
one pron.
一个
which question word
哪
一个
empty adj.
空的
full adj.
满的
large adj.
大的
little adj.
小的
sharp adj.
尖的,锋利的
small adj.
小的
big adj.
大的
blunt adj.
钝的
box n.
盒子
glass n.
杯子
cup n.
茶杯
bottle n.
瓶子
tin n.
罐头
knife n.
刀子
fork n.
叉子
spoon n.
勺子
give
给,
它的主语可以是人,
也可以是物:
Teaching
gives me a lot of pleasure.
give sb. sth.
give sth. to
sb.
Give me a
pen please.
请给我一支钢笔。
Give a pen to
me please.
offer
提供,只能是人做主语
provide
免费提供
supply
供应
donate
捐献
contribute
贡献:
I
have contributed all my life to
teaching career.
Lesson 23 Which glasses?
听录音,
然后回答问题。
Which
glasses does the man
want?
这位男士要哪些杯子?
Give me some
glasses please, Jane.
Which glasses?
These glasses?
No, not those. The ones on the shelf.
These?
Yes, please.
Here you are.
Thanks.
21
New Word and expressions
生词和短语
on
prep.
在
……
之上
shelf
n.
架子,搁板
参考译文
丈夫:请拿给我几只玻璃杯,简。
妻子:哪几只?
妻子:这几只吗?
丈夫:不,不是那几只。是架子上的那几只。
妻子:这几只?
丈夫:是的,请拿给我。
妻子:给你。
丈夫:谢谢。
自学导读
1
.动词的双宾语
在
Give me some glasses
中,动词
give
后面有两个
宾语,
即直接宾语
some glasses
< br>和间接宾语
me
。
人称代
词作宾语时要用人称代词的宾格。请参见
Lessons 21
~
22
语法部分。
2
.
The ones on the
shelf.
是架子上的那几只。
本句是省略句,句首省略了
I wa
nt
。句中的
ones
代
表
glasses
。
on
the shelf
是介词短语,
作定语,
修饰
ones
。
3
.
The
se?
这几只?
是
Do you want
these?
的省略形式。
4
.
Yes,
please.
是的,请拿给我。
当别人问你要不要某物而你同意要时,就可用这句
话。又如:
假如你不同意要,则应说:
No, thank you.
不,谢谢。
5
.数字
1
,
117
,
1
,
420
,
1
,
925
,
2
,
000
的
英文
写法
1
,
117----one
thousand one hundred and seventeen
1
,
420
----one thousand four hundred and twenty
1
,
925----one
thousand nine hundred and twenty-five
2
,
000
----two thousand
语法
Grammar in
use
on
引导的介词短语
(
1
p>
)我们经常在名词、名词短语、代词或动名词
前面用介词表示人物、
事件等与其他人物、事件等之间
的各种关系,如空间关系、时间关系、因果关系等。介<
/p>
词始终带有宾语。即使介词与宾语分开时,这种关系仍
必定存在。有许多固定的介词短语常可见到。许多介词
短语是由介词
p>
+
名词(
+
介词)
构成的,如:
on
time
(准
时),
in the
middle of
(在
……
中间)。
(
p>
2
)当我们从不同的角度看空间中的位置时,应
根据我们想要表达的意思来选择介词。想表示在一个表
面(即看来是平面)上面时,
就可用介词
on
:
the pens on the
desk
桌上的钢笔
the boxes on the
floor
地板上的盒子
the bottles on the dressing
table
梳妆台上的瓶子
the magazines on the
bed
床上的杂志
词汇学习
Word study
desk
与
table
在汉语中,
这两个词都被称为
桌子
,
而在英语中,
它们仍是有所区别的。
(
< br>1
)
desk
通常指有抽屉的桌
子,用于办公、读书、
写字等,即
书桌
、
写字台
p>
、
办公桌
:
He is working at his desk.
他正在自己的书桌前用功。
I put it on his desk.
我把它放在他的办公桌上了。
(
2
)
p>
table
通常指由若干条腿支撑着的平板,没有
< br>抽屉,即
餐桌
< br>、
会议桌
、
工作台
、
手术台
等:<
/p>
I've
booked a table for two at 7.00.
我预订了一张两人桌,是在
7
点钟。
They sat round the table and made this
big decision.
他们围坐在会议桌旁,作出了这个重大的决定。
练习答案
Key to
written exercises
Lesson 24
A
1
Give Jane
this watch. Give her this one, too.
2
Give the
children these ice creams. Give them
these, too.
3
Give Tom this book. Give
him this one, too.
4
That is my passport. Give
me my passport please.
5
That is my coat. Give me
my coat please.
6
Those are our umbrellas.
Give us our umbrellas
please.
B
22
1
Give me some pens please.
Which ones? These?
No, not those.
The ones on the desk.
2
Give me some ties please.
Which ones?
These?
No, not
those. The ones on the chair.
3
Give me some
spoons please.
Which ones? These?
No, not those. The ones on
the table.
4
Give me some plates please.
Which ones? These?
No, not those.
The ones on the cupboard.
5
Give me some cigarettes
please.
Which
ones? These?
No, not those. The ones on the
television.
6
Give me some boxes please.
Which ones? These?
No, not those.
The ones on the floor.
7
Give me some bottles
please.
Which
ones? These?
No, not those. The ones on the dressing
table.
8
Give me some books please.
Which ones? These?
No, not those.
The ones on the shelf.
9
Give me some magazines
please.
Which
ones? These?
No, not those. The ones on the bed.
10
Give me some newspapers please.
Which ones?
These?
No, not
those. The ones on the stereo.
Lesson
25 Mrs. Smith?s kitchen
听录音,然后回答问题。
What
colour is the electric
cooker?
电灶是什么颜色的?
Mrs. Smith?s kitchen is
small.
There is a refrigerator in the kitchen.
The
refrigerator is white.
It is on the right.
There is an electric cooker
in the kitchen.
The cooker is blue.
It is on the left.
There is a
table in the middle of the room.
There is a bottle on the
table.
The
bottle is empty.
There is a cup on the table, too.
The
cup is clean.
New Word and expressions
生词和短语
Mrs.
夫人
kitchen
n.
厨房
refrigerator
n.
电冰箱
right
n.
右边
electric
adj.
带电的,可通电的
left
n.
左边
cooker
n.
炉子,炊具
middle
n.
中间
of
prep.
(属于)
……
的
room
n.
房间
cup
n.
杯子
参考译文
史密斯夫人的厨房很小。
厨房里有个电冰箱。
冰箱的颜色是白的。
它位于房间右侧。
厨房里有个电灶。
电灶的颜色是蓝的。
它位于房间左侧。
房间的中央有张桌子。
桌子上有个瓶子。
瓶子是空的。
桌子上还有一只杯子。
杯子很干净。
自学导读
1
.冠词
课文中
r
efrigerator
一词出现了两次,
它前面分别用
了两种不同的冠词:
a
(不定冠词)和
the
(定冠词)。
第
1
次提到时用不定冠词
a
。(请参见
Lessons5
~
6
语
法部分。)第
2
次时就不再
是泛指任何一个,而是特指
23
所指的那个了,因此要用定冠
词
the
。(请参见本课语
法部分的说
明。)
2
.数字
3
,
000
,
5
,
000
,
10
,
000
的英文写法
3
,
000
----three thousand
5
,
000----five
thousand
10
,
000----ten
thousand
语法
Grammar in
use
1
.定冠词
the
(
1
p>
)
定冠词
the
不
论指人还是指物、
单数还是复数,
其形式都不变。
(
< br>2
)
the
的发音:
the
在辅音前读
/J+/
,
如:
the floor,
the table, the bed, the desk; the
在元音(即一般前面用
an
的词的首字母)之前发<
/p>
/J!:;;;;:/,
如
the
engineer, the ice
cream, the old man,
the open window
。
当我们想使听话者
特别注意
the
后面的名词时,
the
就读为
/J!:/
,意
思是
这一个而且只是这一个
或
主要是这一个
。
(
3
)
the
的基本用法:
A the
通常有明确的所指(即以说话人或听话人已
知的人或物为前提);
B the
可与单数可数名词、
p>
复数可数名词及不可数名
词(总是单数形式)连用。
2
.
where
引导的特殊疑问句
where
用来询问地点(或是确切的情况,或是一般
的情况)。对
wh
ere
疑问句的回答可以是整句、短语或
单个的词。如:
Where
is the refrigerator?
冰箱在哪里?
On the
right./It's on the right.
在右边。
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
cup
n.
(
1
)杯子(一般带柄,用于盛热饮料,如茶或咖
啡):
I have a beautiful set of tea cups.
我有一套漂亮的茶杯。
I'd like a cup of tea.
我想喝一杯茶。
(
2
)一杯
饮料;一杯咖啡:
Would you like another cup?
你要再来一杯吗?
You can get a
good cup at Lucy' s Café
.
你能在露西咖啡馆喝到一杯上好的咖啡。
2
.
glass
n.
(
1
)玻璃杯或有脚的玻璃杯:
Give me a glass
of water, please.
请给我一杯水。
There's a clean
wine glass on the table.
桌上有一只干净的酒杯。
(
2
)杯中
物;酒:
He has had a glass too much.
他多喝了一杯(或喝醉了)。
I'd like to enjoy a glass
now and then.
我喜欢不时喝点酒。
练习答案
Key to written exercises
Lesson 26
A
1
Give me a
glass. Which glass? The empty one.
2
Give me some
cups. Which cups? The cups on the
table.
3
Is there a book on the
table? Yes, there is. Is the
book red?
4
Is there a knife in that box? Yes,
there is. Is the
knife sharp?
B
1
There's a cup
on the table.
The cup is clean.
2
There's a box
on the floor.
The box is large.
3
There's a a
glass in the cupboard.
The glass is empty.
4
There's a
knife on the plate.
The knife is sharp.
5
There's a
fork on the tin.
The fork is dirty.
6
There's a
bottle in the refrigerator.
The bottle is full.
7
There's a pencil on the desk.
The pencil is
blunt.
Lesson
27 Mrs.
Smith?s living room
听录音,然后回答问题。
Where
are the books?
书在哪里?
Mrs. Smith?s living room is
large.
There is a television in the room.
The television
is near the window.
There are some magazines on the
television.
There is a table in the room.
There are some
newspapers on the table.
24
There are some armchairs in
the room.
The
armchairs are near the table.
There is a stereo in the
room.
The
stereo is near the door.
There are some books on the stereo.
There are some
pictures in the room.
The pictures are on the wall.
New Word and
expressions
生词和短语
living room
客厅
near
prep.
靠近
window
n.
窗户
armchair
n.
扶手椅
door
n.
门
picture
n.
图画
wall
n.
墙
参考译文
史密斯夫人的客厅很大。
客厅里有台电视机。
电视机靠近窗子。
电视机上放着几本杂志。
客厅里有张桌子。
桌上放着几份报纸。
客厅里有几把扶手椅。
那些扶手椅靠近桌子。
客厅里有台立体声音响。
音响靠近门。
音响上面有几本书。
客厅里有几幅画。
画挂在墙上。
自学导读
课文详注
Further notes on the text
1
.
Where are
they?
它们在哪里?
句中
they
指图中的那些东西。
(
可参见
Les
sons 25
~
26
语法部分。)<
/p>
2
.数字
9
,
999<
/p>
与
10
,
001
的英文写法
9
,
999
----nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine
10
,
001----ten
thousand and one
语法
Grammar in
use
1
.
there
+
< br>be
结构(
2
)
(
1
)
there
+
be
结构变成疑问句时,只需将动词
be
和
there
互换位
置,句子其余部分不变。如:
Is there a dirty fork on
the plate?
碟子上有一个脏的叉子吗?
Is there a full bottle in
the cupboard?
橱柜里有一瓶酒吗?
Are there any ties on the
floor?
地上有一些领带吗?
Are there any newspapers on
the shelf?
架子上有些报纸吗?
(
2
)
p>
there
+
be
结构变成否定句时,需在动词
be
后
加
not
(
any
)或
no
。如:
No, there is
not a fork on the plate.
没有,碟子上没有叉子。
No, there isn't one in the
cupboard.
没有,橱柜里一个也没有。
No, there aren't any ties
on the floor.
没有,地板上没有任何领带。
No, there are no newspapers
on the shelf.
没有,架子上没有任何报纸。
2
.
som
e
和
any
的用法
在英语中,
some
和
any
是两个最常
用的数量词。
用
some
和
any
时,
一般不必精确地说明数量到底有多么大
或多么小。它们的作用常常像是
a/an
的复数。
(
1
)
some
< br>(表示确定的数量)表示
某些但不是全
< br>部
的意思,
通常用于肯定句中。
在疑问句中,
所希望的
回答是
Yes
时也可使用
some
。如:
There is some water in the glass.
玻璃杯里有些水。
There are some cigarettes
in the box.
盒子里有些雪茄。
Have you got some paper-
clips in that box?
你那只盒子里有一些回形针吧?(我知道或我认为
你有一些,故希望你会说
p>
有
。)
some
加可数名词或不可数名词时,
在流畅的话语中
一
般不重读,而念为
/s+m/
。
(
2
p>
)
any
(表示不确定的数量)通常用在含
有
not
或
-n't
< br>的否定句中,也用于表示我们不能确定答案是肯
定还是否定,或者用于预料得到的
回答是
No
的疑问句
中。如:
There
are not any spoons in the cupboard.
橱柜中没有任何汤匙。
There aren't
any plates on the dressing table.
梳妆台上任何碟子都没有。
25
词汇学习
Word study
near
adj.
(
1
)靠近的,接近的:
The television
is near the window.
电视机在窗户旁边。
There are some shoes on the
floor. They're near the
bed.
地板上有些鞋子。它们在床附近。
(
2
)关系
接近的,亲近的:
She is a near friend of mine.
她是我的一位密友。
My
uncle is my
nearest relative.
我叔叔是我血缘最近的亲戚。
(
3
)近似
的;几乎是的:
The picture may not be an exact replica
but it's pretty
near.
这幅画也许不是一件一模一样的复制品,但它已酷
似原作了。
练习答案
Key to
written exercises
Lesson 28
A
1
There are some pencils on the desk.
2
There are some knives near that tin.
3
There are some policemen in the
kitchen.
4
There are some newspapers in the living
room.
5
There are some keyboard operators in
the office.
B
1
Are there any books in the room?
No, there
aren't any books in the room.
There are some magazines.
Where are they?
They're on the
television.
2
Are there any ties on the floor?
No, there
aren't any ties on the floor.
There are some shoes.
Where are they?
They're near
the bed.
3
Are there any glasses on the cupboard?
No, there
aren't any glasses on
the cupboard.
There are some
bottles.
Where
are they?
They're near those tins.
4
Are there any
newspapers on the shelf?
No, there aren't any newspapers on the
shelf.
There are some tickets.
Where are they?
They're in that handbag.
5
Are there any forks on the table?
No, there
aren't any forks on the table.
There are some knives.
Where are they?
They're in that
box.
6
Are there any cups on the stereo?
No, there
aren't any cups on the stereo.
There are some glasses.
Where are they?
They're near
those bottles.
7
Are there any cups in the
kitchen?
No,
there aren't any cups in the kitchen.
There are some plates.
Where are they?
They're on the
cooker.
8
Are there any glasses in the kitchen?
No, there
aren't any glasses in the kitchen.
There are some bottles.
Where are they?
They're in the
refrigerator.
9
Are there any books in the room?
No, there
aren't any books in the room.
There are some pictures.
Where are they?
They're on the
wall.
10
Are there any chairs in the room?
No, there
aren't any chairs in the room.
There are some armchairs.
Where are they?
They're near
the table
Lesson 29 Come in, Amy.
听录音,然后回答问题。
How must Amy
clean the
floor?
艾米需要如何来清扫地面?
Come in, Amy.
Shut the door, please.
This bedroom is very
untidy.
What
must I do, Mrs. Jones?
Open the window and air the room.
Then put these
clothes in the wardrobe.
(衣橱)
Then make the
bed.
26
Dust the dressing table.
Then sweep the floor.
New
Word and expressions
生词和短语
<
/p>
有选择余地。但是,
must
带有个人色
彩,表示说话人的
主观意图。
表示个人感情时通常用
must
。
You must…
< br>(你
必须
……
)表示说话人说<
/p>
/
认为
……
是必
要的。如:
shut
v.
关门
bedroom
n.
卧室
untidy
adj.
乱,不整齐
must
modal verb
必须,应该
open
v.
打开
air
v.
使
…
通风,换换空气
put
v.
放置
clothes
n.
衣服
wardrobe
n.
大衣柜
dust
v.
掸掉灰尘土
sweep
v.
扫
参考译文
琼斯夫人:进来,艾米。
琼斯夫人:请把门关上。
琼斯夫人:这卧室太不整洁了。
艾
米:我应该做些什么呢,琼斯夫人?
琼斯夫人:打开窗子,给房间通通风。
琼斯夫人:然后把这些衣服放进衣橱里去。
琼斯夫人:再把床整理一下。
琼斯夫人:掸掉梳妆台上的灰尘。
琼斯夫人:然后扫扫地。
自学导读
1
.
p>
untidy
,乱,不整齐。
un-
是
前缀,表示
这类否定的意思。
2
.
air the
room
,给房间通通风。
这里的
air
作动词用。名词作动词用是英语构词法
的一种。又如:
dus
t(n.)
灰尘;
(v.)
掸掉灰尘。
语法
Grammar in
use
must(1)
must
是一个情态助动词,表示
必须
、
应当
,与
have
to
相似,表示不可逃避的义务。在说话人看来,没
You
must sweep the floor.
你必须扫地。(我说这有必要)
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
air
(
1
)
p>
n.
空气,新鲜空气:
Let's go out
and breathe some fresh air.
咱们出去呼吸点新鲜空气吧。
(
2
p>
)
n.
空中,空间:
He likes to
stay in the open air.
他喜欢在户外呆着。
(
3
)
p>
v.
晾(衣服、被褥等);使通风:
Open the
windows and air the room.
打开窗户使房间通风。
Leave the trousers on the
washing-line to air.
把裤子挂到晾衣绳上去晾干。
2
.
empty
(
1
)
v.
使空;把
…
倒出(移出):
Empty
the bottle of milk.
倒光瓶里的牛奶。
They emptied the house.
他们把房屋搬空了。
(
2
)
v.
流出;走出:
The river emptied itself
into the sea.
河水流入大海。
It was raining, and the
streets began to empty.
天下起了雨,街上的行人开始稀少了。
(
3
p>
)
adj.
空的:
There are some empty bottles in the
refrigerator.
冰箱里有一些空瓶子。
Her purse is empty.
她的钱包是空的。
(
4
)
p>
adj.
空虚的,无意义的:
It's an empty
dream.
这是个不现实的梦想。
Officials were flattered by
empty complements.
官员们被空洞的恭维话弄得心里美滋滋的。
(
5
p>
)
adj.
呆板的,毫无表情的:
She looked at him with
empty eyes.
她木然地看着他。
27
He said all
this in an empty voice.
他用一种呆板的声调说了这一切。
练习答案
Key to written exercises
Lesson 30
A
1
Clean it!
2
Shut it!
3
Open it!
B
1
Shut the door!
2
Open the window!
3
Put on your shirt!
4
Take off your
shoes!
5
Turn on the stereo!
6
Turn off the
tap!
7
Sweep the floor!
8
Clean the
blackboard!
9
Dust the cupboard!
10
Empty the
cup!
11
Read this magazine!
12
Sharpen
these knives!
课堂笔记
情态动词:
must
、
can
、
may
、
need
它是一种具有实际意义的助动词。
情态动词不能单独做谓语,只能和后面的原形动词
一起构成谓语。
情态动词没有人称和数格的变化。
含有情态的句子,否定句和疑问句都是在情态动词
上发生变化。
open the windown
打开窗户
You must open the window.
They must shut the door.
You mustn't
open the windows.
Must I open the window?
Yes, you must.
No, you needn't.
What must I do?
What must they
do?
airforce
空军
air conditioner
空调
air express
航空快递邮件
aircraft carrier
航空母舰
walk on the air
飘飘然,得意洋洋
sweep
用笤帚扫地
dust
(梳妆台、
电脑)
轻轻地掸掉灰尘
dustman
清
洁工
dustpan
畚箕
clean
清洁(含义比较广泛,清洁所有的东西)
clear
清除(将剩余的一些东西清除掉)
wipe
(用抹布)擦去
cleanse
用水清除
祈使句:又称之为无主句,所有的祈使句都省略了
主语
You
祈使句的否定句就是在句子前加
don't
stand up
sit down
come in
put these
clothes in the wardrob
Lesson 31
Where?s Sally?
听录音,然后回答问题。
Is
the cat climbing the tree?
猫正在爬树吗?
Where?s Sally,
Jack?
She?s in the garden, Jane.
What?s she
doing?
She?s sitting under the
tree.
Is Tim in the garden, too?
Yes, he is.
He?s climbing the
tree.
I beg your pardon?
Who?s climbing the
tree.
Tim is.
What about the dog?
The dog?s in the
g
arden, too.
It?s running across the
grass.
It?s running after a cat.
New Word and
expressions
生词和短语
garden
n.
花园
under
prep.
在
……
这下
tree
n.
树
climb
v.
爬,攀登
who
pron.
谁
run
28
v.
跑
grass
n.
草,草地
after
prep.
在
……
之后
across
prep.
横过,穿过
cat
n.
猫
参考译文
简:杰克,萨莉在哪儿?
杰克:她在花园里,简。
简:她在干什么?
杰克:她正在树荫下坐着。
简:蒂姆也在花园里吗?
杰克:是的,他也在花园里。他正在爬树。
简:你说什么?谁在爬树?
杰克:蒂姆在爬树。
简:那么狗呢?
杰克:狗也在花园里。它正在草地上跑,
在追一只猫。
自学导读
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
climb
v.
(
1
)攀登,攀爬:
The children
are always climbing trees.
孩子们总是在爬树。
He likes climbing
mountains.
他喜欢爬山。
(
2
)逐步
上升(增长):
The temperature is climbing steadily.
温度正在慢慢地平稳上升。
The price of gold climbed
back.
金价逐渐回升了。
(
3
)(在
社会地位等方面)往上爬:
He is trying hard to climb to the top
of the social
ladder.
他正努力爬到社会的最顶层。
He has climbed
to a very high position in his field.
他已在自己的领域中爬到了一个很高的位置。
2
.
run
v.
(
1
)跑,奔跑:
He is running
quickly.
他正飞快地跑着。
He runs a mile every
morning to keep fit.
他每天早晨跑一英里步以保持身体健康。
(
2
p>
)流动;流出:
The current is running
strong.
水流湍急。
Her eyes ran with tears.
她落泪了。
(
3
)追赶
;追逐:
The dog is running after a cat.
那只狗正在追赶一只猫。
Many young men are running
after that girl.
许多年轻人在追求那个姑娘。
语法
Grammar in use
现在进行时(
1
)
(
1
)在英文中若想表达此刻正在进行的动作或事
件,要用动词的
现在进行时形式。现在进行时由
be
的
现在时形式(
am, is, are
)
+
现在分词组成。如课文中的
Shes sitting
under the tree
和
Hes climbing
the tree
等句子
均为现在进行时。对大多数动词来说,
在动词后面直接
加
-ing
即可构成现
在分词,如
doing, climbing
。以
-e
结
尾的动词,要去掉
-
e
,再加
-ing
,如
making
。如果动词
只有一个元音字母而其后跟了
一个辅音字母时,则需将
与辅音字母双写,再加
-ing
,如
running,
sitting
。
(
2
)疑问
式:将用了现在进行时的句子变成一般
疑问句时只需将助动词提前。如:
Hes
reading a magazine.
Is he reading a magazine?
他正在看一本杂志吗?
(
3
p>
)否定式:现在进行时的否定式是将否定词
not
< br>放在助动词之后。如:
The dog is drinking its milk.
The dog is not
drinking its milk.
狗没在喝它的那份牛奶。
练习答案
Key to written exercises
Lesson 32
A
1
He is opening the window.
2
She is sharpening this pencil.
3
She is dusting the cupboard.
4
She is emptying the basket.
5
He is looking
at the picture.
B
1
What is Mr. Richards doing?
Is he cleaning his teeth?
No, he isnt
cleaning his teeth.
29
Hes opening the window.
2
What is my mother doing?
Is she shutting the door?
No, she isnt shutting the
door.
Shes making the bed.
3
What is the
dog doing?
Is it drinking
its milk?
No, it isnt
drinking its milk.
Its
eating a bone.
4
What is my sister doing?
Is she reading a magazine?
No, she isnt reading a magazine.
Shes looking at a picture.
5
What is Emma
doing?
Is she dusting the
dressing table?
No, she
isnt dusting the dressing table.
Shes cooking a meal.
6
What is Amy doing?
Is she making the bed?
No, she isnt making the
bed.
Shes sweeping the
floor.
7
What
is Tim doing?
Is he reading
a magazine?
No, he isnt
reading a magazine.
Hes
sharpening a pencil.
8
What is the girl doing?
Is she turning on the light?
No, she isnt turning on the
light.
Shes turning off the
tap.
9
What is
the boy doing?
Is he
cleaning his teeth?
No, he
isnt cleaning his teeth.
Hes putting on his shirt.
10
What is Miss Jones
doing?
Is she putting on
her coat?
No, she isnt
putting on her coat.
Shes
taking off her coat.
课堂笔记
语法
――
时态:
在第一册出现了八种时态
1
.首先了解概念
2
.时态
――
动词变化规则,时间的状态
now --
现在进行时
usually, often, always... --
一般现在时
already, yet --
现在进行时
现在进行时,表示现在正在进行或者发生的动作、
状态;
表示现阶段正在进行或发生,但说话的此刻动作不
一定进行;
后面加一个将来的时间,可以表示打算做的事情。
结构:
S. + be + V.-ing
S. + be + not +
V.-ing
Be + S.
+v.-ing?
Yes,
S. + be / No, S. + be + not
What + be + S. + v.-ing
What is Sally
doing? / Tim doing? / What are they
doing?
Are they climbing the tree?
Is she sitting under the
tree?
The dog
is / isn't running after the cat.
Is the dog running after
the cat?
Yes,
it is. / No, it isn't.
I am speaking / talking.
Sam is climbing the tree.
We are
listening.
I am
studying English in New Oriental School.
I am reading
Gone with the wind.
Lesson 33 A fine
day
听录音,然后回答问题。
Where is the
Jones family?
琼斯一家人在哪里?
It?s a fine day
today.
There are some clouds in the sky, but
the sun is
shining.
Mr Jones?s with his
family.
They are walking over the bridge.
There are some
boats on the river.
Mr Jones and his wife are looking at
them.
Sally is
looking at a big ship.
The ship is going under the bridge.
Tim is looking
at an airplane.
The airplane is flying over the river.
New Word and
expressions
生词和短语
day
n.
日子
cloud
n.
云
sky
n.
天空
sun
n.
太阳
shine
30
v.
照耀
with
prep.
和
……
在一起
family
n.
家庭(成员)
walk
v.
走路
,
步行
over
prep.
跨越,在
……
之上
bridge
n.
桥
boat
n.
船
river
n.
河
ship
n.
轮船
airplane
n.
飞机
fly
v.
飞
参考译文
今天天气好。
天空中飘着几朵云,但阳光灿烂。
琼斯先生同他的家人在一起。
他们正在过桥。
河上有几艘船。
琼斯先生和他的妻子正在看这些船。
莎莉正在观看一艘大船。
那船正从桥下驶过。
蒂姆正望着一架飞机。
飞机正从河上飞过。
自学导读
课文详注
Further notes on the text
1
.
It
is a fine day today.
今天天气好。
句中的
i
t
是指天气。又如:
Is it cold today?
今天冷吗?
No, it isn't.
不,不冷。
2
.
some
clouds
,几朵云。
some
既可修饰可数名词,
也可修饰不可数名词。
如:
some tab
les
一些椅子
(可数名词)
,
some
milk
一些牛奶
(不可数名词)。
3
.
There are some
clouds in the sky, but the sun is
shini
ng.
天空中飘着几朵云,但阳光灿烂。
这句是并列句,由两个分句构成,
连词
but
表明分
< br>句之间存在着对比及转折关系。两分句之间大多要用逗
号,有时可不用逗号。
p>
4
.
Mr. Jones is
with his family.
琼斯先生同他的家人
在一起
。
句中
with
是介词,表示
和
……
一起
< br>。
family
是指
家里的人
或
家庭成员
。
5
.
They are
walking over the
bridge.
他们正在过桥。
句中的
over
有
穿过
的
意思。又如:
The aeroplane is flying over the river.
飞机正在河上飞过。
The birds are flying over
the house.
鸟儿在屋上飞过。
over
还可表不
< br>
在
……
上方
(不接触表面),如:
The sky is over our heads.
天空在我们头顶上。
6
.
There are some
boats on the river.
河上有几艘船。
句中
on
意为
在
……<
/p>
上面
(接触表面)。又如:
There is
a book on
the table.
桌上有一本书。
7
.
The ship is
going under the bridge.
那船正从桥下
驶过。
句中
un
der
意为
在
……
下面(或下方)
。如:
There is
a dog under the tree.
树下有只狗。
ship
一般指海洋中行驶的大船。
boat
一词指河中行
驶的小船。另外
:
aeroplane
(英国英语),
airplane
(美
国英语),飞机(正式用语);
plane
,飞机(非正式
< br>用语)。
语法
Grammar in
use
现在进行时(
2
)
(请参见
Lessons 31
~
32
语法部分。)
<
/p>
现在进行时的形式是由
be
的现在时形式
+
现在分词
形式构成。当句中主语名词
为复数或者人称代词为第
2
人称或第
3
人称复数时,
be
的现在时形式应为<
/p>
are
。
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
jump
v.
(
1
)跳跃;跃过:
They are
jumping a ditch.
他们正跃过一个深沟。
They jumped off the wall
and ran off.
他们从墙上跳下去跑掉了。
(
2
)略去
;跳过:
He jumped the first grade in college.
他跳过大学一年级(指跳级直接升入二年级)。
(
3
p>
)突然上升;猛增:
31
They jumped the
registration fees from
£
20
to
£
50.
< br>他们把注册费从
20
英镑涨到
5
0
英镑。
His company's profits jumped
surprisingly last year.
他所在公司去年的利润令人惊异地飞速增加。
2
.
sleep
(
1
)
p>
v.
睡觉:
He sleeps for only 4 hours every night.
他每夜只睡
4
个小时。
I was so
excited that I could hardly sleep.
我兴奋得无法入睡。
(
2
)
n.
睡眠;睡觉:
He
had a good sleep last night.
他昨天夜里睡得很酣畅。
练习答案
Key to
written exercises
Lesson 34
A
1
She is typing a letter.
2
She is making the bed.
3
He
is coming.
4
The sun is shining.
5
He is giving me some
magazines.
B
1
What are the men doing?
They're cooking a meal.
2
What are they
doing?
They're sleeping.
3
What are the
men doing?
They're shaving.
4
What are the
children doing?
They're
crying.
5
What
are the dogs doing?
They're
eating bones.
6
What are the women doing?
They're typing letters.
7
What are the children
doing?
They're doing their
home-work.
8
What are the women doing?
They're washing dishes.
9
What are the birds doing?
They're flying over the
river.
10
What
are they doing?
They're
walking over the bridge.
11
What are the man and the woman doing?
They're waiting for a bus.
12
What are the
children doing?
They're
jumping off the wall.
课堂笔记
新单词:
day
、
cloud
、
sky
、
sun
、
shine<
/p>
、
with
、
f
amily
、
walk
、
over
、
bridge
、
boat
、
river
、
ship
、
aeropla
ne
、
fly
day after
day
:一天一天的
day and
night
:日日夜夜
day
break
:拂晓
Sunday
/sQndi/
:星期天
Monday
、
Tuesday
、
Wednesday
、
Thursday
、
Frida
y
、
Saturday
It's a fine day today.
There are some
clouds in the sky.
sky-blue
:天蓝色
sky
sign
:高楼上的广告牌
动词+
ing
的规则:
jump, jumping
sweep, sweeping
shave, shaving
shine, shining
单词双写的条件:
1
.必须是单音节单词(音标里有几
个元音音标,
就是有几个音节)。
2
.单音节的单词一般都是重读,且
为闭音节。
3
.单词末尾有一个辅音字母,一个元音字母。
sit, sitting
run, running
Mr. Jones is
with his family.
Mrs. Liu is with those children.
family
man
:有家室的人
family
doctor
:家庭医生
family
tree
:家谱
family
planning
:计划生育
family
name
:姓氏
There are three people in
my family.
walk
around
:四处走走
walk
home
:走回家
walk
over
:走过
They are
walking over the bridge.
go
:行驶,走,去,加油
go under the
bridge
在桥底下走过
The ship is going under the
bridge.
in the
river
on the
river
There are
some boats on the river.
There is a boy in the river.
He is swimming.
He is swimming
across the river.
plane
(非正式)
32
aeroplane
(正式)
I have to fly.
我必须得走了。
escape
:逃跑(从被禁锢到逃
脱)
f
lee
:逃走(强调逃离时慌慌张张的心态)
get
away
:逃离,很快地走(口)
Lesson 35 Our village
听录音,
然后回答问题。
Are
the children coming out
of the park or
going into it?
孩子们是正从公园里出来还正在往里走?
This is a
photograph of our village.
Our village is in a valley.
It is between two hills.
The village is
on a river.
Here is another photograph of the
village.
My
wife and I are walking along the banks of the
river.
We are
on the left.
There is a boy in the water.
He is swimming
across the river.
Here is another photograph.
This is the school
building.
It is
beside a park.
The park is on the right.
Some children are coming
out of the building.
Some of them are going into the park.
New Word and
expressions
生词和短语
photograph
n.
照片
village
n.
村庄
valley
n.
山谷
between
prep.
在
……
之间
hill
n.
小山
another
det.
另一个
wife
n.
妻子
along
prep.
沿着
bank
n.
河岸
water
n.
水
swim
v.
游泳
building
n.
大楼,建筑物
park
n.
公园
into
prep.
进入
参考译文
这是我们村庄的一张照片。
我们的村庄坐落在一个山谷之中。
它们于两座小山之间。
它靠近一条小河。
这是我们村庄的另一张照片。
我和妻子沿河岸走着。
我们在河的左侧。
河里面有个男孩。
他正横渡小河。
这是另一张照片。
这是学校大楼。
它位于公园的旁边。
公园在右面。
一些孩子正从楼里出来。
他们中有几个正走进公园。
自学导读
课文详注
Further notes on the text
1
.
This is
a photograph
of our village
.
这是我们村
庄的一张照片。
句中
of
是介词,表示
的
。又如:
the windows of a room
房间的窗户
2
.
It
is between two hills.
我们的村庄坐落在一个山
谷之中。
句中
It
指
village
。
< br>between
是介词,
表示
<
/p>
在
……
(两
者)
之间
。又如:
The man is
standing between two policemen.
这个男人正站在两名警察之间。
3
.
along the banks
of the river,
沿着河岸。
along
为介词,表示
沿着
< br>。
4
.
He is swimming
across the river.
他正横渡小河。
across
为介词,表示
通过
某个平面。
5
.
beside a
park
,位于公园旁边。
beside
为介词,表示
在
……
旁边
。
语法
Grammar in use
短语动词
33
短语动词通常是指后面常跟一个介
词或副词短语
的动词,即动词
+
介词或
副词小品词。英语(特别是在
非正式的、惯用的英语)中存在着一种用动词短语代替
p>
与其同义的单个动词的强烈趋势。如听到敲门声,我们
会说
Come in
而不会用
Enter
来表达。最常见的短语动
词是由英语中最短小和最简单的动词构成的,这些
动词
常与表示位置或方向的词组合,如
along,
down, in, off,
on, out, over,
under
等。例如:
The cats are running along
the wall.
猫正沿着墙跑。
The children are jumping
off the branch.
孩子们正从树枝上跳下来。
不仅一个单个动词可以同大量的介词或副词小品
词一起构成短语动词,而且一个短语动词本身也可能有
几种不同的意义。
p>
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
go into
(
1
p>
)走进;进入:
He is going into a shop.
他正走进一家商店。
(
2
)进入
;介入:
They're going into the business world.
他们正步入商界。
2
.
sit
on
(
1
)坐在
……
上:
The children
are sitting on the grass.
孩子们正坐在草地上。
(
2
)
p>
<
口
>
拖延;压下
:
They are trying to sit on the bad news
as long as
possible.
他们正试图尽可能拖延时间不把这个坏消息讲出
去。
3
.
run along
(
1
p>
)沿着
……
跑:
The dogs are
running along the river banks.
狗正沿着河岸奔跑。
(
2
p>
)离开;走开:
It's getting dark, we must
run along.
天黑了,我们得走了。
练习答案
Key to written exercises
Lesson 36
A
1
He is swimming across the
river.
2
She is sitting on the grass.
3
The cat is running along the wall.
B
1
Where is the
man going? He's going
into the shop.
2
Where is the woman going? She's going
out of the
shop.
3
Where is he
sitting? He's sitting beside his mother.
4
Where are they walking? They're walking
across
the street.
5
Where are the
cats running? They're running along
the
wall.
6
Where are the children jumping? They're
jumping
off the branch.
7
Where is the
man standing? He's standing between
two
policemen.
8
Where is she sitting? She's sitting
near the tree.
9
Where is it
flying? It's flying under the bridge.
10
Where is the aeroplane flying? It's
flying over the
bridge.
11
Where are
they sitting? They're sitting on the
grass.
12
Where are the man and
the woman reading?
They're reading in
the living room.
听课笔记
p>
新单词:
photograph
、
village
、
valley
、
between
、
hill
、
another
、
< br>wife
、
along
、
bank
、
water
、
swim
、
building
p>
、
park
、
in
to
photographer
:摄影师
picture
:图片
drawing
< br>:(用铅笔、钢笔画)制图,素描术
painting
:
绘画、
油画
(指油画、
水彩画
等上色的画)
portrait
:肖像、画像;描写
sketch
:(设计)草图
cartoon
:卡通片
take a
picture
:照照片
a photograph of our village
villager
:村民
Our village is
in a valley.
hill
:不高的小山丘
mount
:名山,专有名词
Mount Tai
mountain
:大型的,高山
range
:山区,连绵起伏的群山
peak
:山峰
another
+单数
other
+单数
/
复数
34
wife
:妻子
husband
:丈夫
spouse
:配偶
couple
:夫妻,一对
take a
wife
:娶妻
abandon one's
wife
:抛弃妻子
a nagging
wife
:唠唠叨叨的妻子
a jealous
wife
:妒妇
a lawful
wife
:原配夫人
a former
wife
:前妻
bank
:银行;河岸
beach
:海滩
coast
:海滩,专业地理词
shore
:海滨,海岸
along the banks
of the rive
go
into
come out
of
Lesson 37
Making a bookcase
听录音,然后回答问题。
What is Susan's
favourite
colour?
苏珊最喜欢哪种颜色?
You?re
working hard, George.
What
are you doing?
I?m making a
bookcase.
Give me that
hammer please, Dan.
Which hammer.
This one?
No, not that one.
The big one.
Here you are.
Thanks, Dan.
What are you
going to do now, George?
I?m going to
paint
it.
What colour are
you going to paint it?
I?m going to
paint it pink.
Pink!
This bookcase isn?t for me.
It?s for my daughter, Susan.
Pink?s her favorite colour.
New Word and expressions
生词和短语
work
v.
工作
hard
adv.
努力地
make
v.
做
bookcase
n.
书橱,书架
hammer
n.
锤子
paint
v.
上漆,涂
pink
n.& adj.
粉红色
favourite
adj.
最喜欢的
参考译文
丹
:你干得真辛苦,乔治。你在干什么呢?
乔治:我正在做书架。
乔治:请把那把锤子拿给我。丹。
丹
:哪一把?是这把吗?
乔治:不,不是那把。是那把大的。
丹
:给你。
乔治:谢谢。丹。
丹
:你现在打算干什么,乔治?
乔治:我打算把它漆一下。
丹
:你打算把它漆成什么颜色?
乔治:我想漆成粉红色。
丹
:粉红色!
乔治:这个书架不是为我做的,
是为我的女儿苏珊做的。
粉红色是她最喜欢的颜色。
自学导读
课文详注
Further
notes on the text
1
.
What are you
going to do now, George?
你现在准备干
什么,乔治?
be going to
< br>,是打算、准备、按计划在最近做某事,表
示将来。请参见本课语法部分。
2
.
Pink's
=
Pink
is
。
3
.
It's for my
daughter, Susan.
是为我的女儿苏珊做的。
Susan
作
my
daughter
的同位语。
语法
Grammar in use
将来时
be
going
to
(
1
)将来时
be going
to
的形式由
am/is/are going to
+
动
词原形构成。
35
(
2
)
将来时
be going to
的用法
A
表示
打算<
/p>
、
准备
在最近做某事。(在非正式语体
中,一般多用<
/p>
be going to
,而不用
wil
l
。)
I am going to
put it on the floor.
我打算把它放在地板上。
He is
going to paint the bookcase tomorrow.
他准备明天给书架刷漆。
B
表示按计划、安排要发生的事:
The meeting is going to begin at nine.
会议将在
9
点开始。
< br>
Where are you going to build the
road?
你们将在什么地方筑路?
C
表示预言一件事即将发生:
The meeting is going to begin at nine.
会议将在
9
点开始。
< br>
It's going to rain!
天要下雨了!
She's
going to faint!
她要晕倒了!
(
3
)
be
going to
的疑问式与否定式
将助动词
be
提至句首可将陈述句变为一般疑问句。如:
George is going to paint it pink.
乔治打算把它刷成粉红色。
Is
George going to paint it pink?
乔治打算把它刷成粉红色吗?
在助动
词后面加上
not
可以得到否定句。
如
上句可变为:
George is not going to point it
pink.
乔治不打算把它刷成粉红色。
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
paint
(
1
)
v.
上漆,涂:
What colour is George
going to paint it?
乔治准备把它漆成什么颜色的?
(<
/p>
2
)
v.
(用颜
料)画:
Who painted this
picture?
这幅画是谁画的?
(
3
)
v.
描写;描绘:
His novel paints a
peaceful picture of the country life in
Europe.
他的小说描绘了有关欧洲乡村生活的宁静画面。
(
4
)
n.
油漆;涂料;颜料:
Wet Paint!
油漆未干!
I bought a
box of paints.
我买了一盒颜料。
2
.
work
(
1
)
v.
工作;劳动:
He works 45 hours per
week.
他每周工作
45
个小时。
(
2
)
p>
v.
从事职业:
He works as a bank clerk.
他是一名银行职员。
(
3
)
v.
学习;做作业:<
/p>
If you work hard, you'll
pass your exams.
如果你用功的话,你就会考试通过。
(
4
)
n.
工作;劳动;作业;职业:
He
wants to have a good sleep after a day's work.
在一天的工作之后,他想好好睡上一觉。
The students finished all their work in
class.
学生们当堂把全部作业都完成了。
He is without work.
他失业了。
练习答案
Key to
written exercises
Lesson 38
A
1
What are you
doing? We are reading.
2
What are they doing? They are doing
their homework.
3
What is
he doing? He is working hard.
4
What are you doing? I am washing the
dishes.
B
1
What
are you going to do?
I'm going to
shave.
What are you doing now?
I'm shaving.
2
What are you going to do?
I'm going to wait for a bus.
What are you doing now?
I'm
waiting for a bus.
3
What
are you going to do?
I'm going to do my
homework.
What are you doing now?
I'm doing my homework.
4
What are you going to do?
I'm going to listen to the stereo.
What are you doing now?
I'm
listening to the stereo.
5
What are you going to do?
I'm going to wash the dishes.
What are you doing now?
I'm
washing the dishes.
36
课堂笔记
新单词:
work
、
< br>hard
、
make
、
bookcase
、
hammer
、
paint
、
pink<
/p>
、
favourite
work
:可做名词、动词,指代一切的劳动、各种各样的
劳动
job
:有报酬的一份工作
task
:愿意承担的任务
employment
:雇佣关系的劳动
labour
:一般指体力劳动
p>
occupation
:职业,训练有素、有专长的职业
profession
:脑力劳动
work
hard
:动词词组,努力工作
hard
work
:名词词组,艰苦的工作、艰苦的工作
hard-
working
:形容词,勤奋
现在
进行时,
表示现在正在进行或者发生的动作、
状态;
表示现阶段正在进行或发生,但说话的此刻动作不一定
< br>进行的动作或状态;
后面加一个将来的时间,可以表示打算做的事情。
be for
:为某人
This book is for you.
bookcase
:书柜
bookshelf
:书架
bookshop/
bookstore
:书店
bookseller
:书商
bookmark
:书签
bookworm
:书虫、书呆子
paint
:上漆
painter
:油漆工,画家
p>
painting
:
painting
p>
:绘画、油画(指油画、水彩画等上
色的画)
paint the town red v.
狂欢,胡闹
paint it
pink
:形容词做宾语补足语
pink collar
:粉领
pink
lady
:(鸡尾酒)红粉佳人
in
the pink
:很健康
pink
slip
:解雇通知书
语法:
be going to
句型
1
.打算要做某事
2
.即将要发生某事
to
后接动词原形
be
根据人称的变化而采用不同的形式
I'm going to make a bookcase.
I'm not going to make a bookcase.
Are you going to make a bookcase?
What are you going to do?
What colour are you going to paint it?
What are you going to do?
I'm going to wait for a bus.
What are you doing?
I'm
waiting for a bus.
Lesson 39 Don?t drop it!
听录音,
然后回答问题。
Where
does Sam put the vase
in the end?
萨姆把花瓶放在什么地方?
What are you going to do
with that vase, Penny?
I?m going to put it on this table,
Sam.
Don?t do that.
Give it to me.
What are you going to do
with it?
I?m
going to put it here, in front of the
window.
Be careful.
Don?t drop it!
Don?t put it there,
Sam.
Put it here, on this shelf.
There we are!
It?s a lovely
vase.
Those flowers are lovely, too.
New Word and
expressions
生词和短语
front
n.
前面
in front of
在
……
之前
careful
adj.
小心的,仔细的
vase
n.
花瓶
drop
v.
掉下
flower
n.
花
参考译文
萨姆:你打算如何处理那花瓶?
彭妮:我打算把它放在这张桌子上,萨姆。
萨姆:不要放在那儿,把它给我。
彭妮:你打算怎么办?
萨姆:我准备把它摆在这儿,放在窗前。
彭妮:小心点!别摔了!
37
彭妮:
别
放在那儿,
萨姆。
放在这儿,
这个架子
上。
萨姆:这只漂亮的花瓶。
彭妮:这些花也很漂亮啊。
自学导读
课文详注
Further notes on the text
1
.
Don't do
that.
不要放在那儿。
在英文中需用祈使语气来表示直接的命令、建议等
多种意图。而祈使句的否定式则由
Don't
(或
Do not
)
+
动词原形构成,又如课文中的
Don't drop it!
(别摔了!)
等句子。(请参见本课语法部分。)
2
.
Give it to
me.
把它给我。
在第
21
课
有
give me a book
这样的句型,
在本课中
又出现了
give it to
me
的句型。
在动词
give
后面可以有两个宾语:
即直接宾语
(指
物,如
a book, it
)和间接宾语(指人,如
p>
me
)。如果
直接宾语置于动词
give
之后,
间接宾语之前则带
to
。
再
比较一下下列句式:
Show her the magazine.
给她那本杂志。
Show it to her.
把它给她。
Give me that knife.
给我那把小刀。
Give it to me.
把它给我。
3
.
in
front of
,在
……
前面。
p>
有别于
in the front of
,在
……
的前部。
4
.
There
we
are!
就放在那里
!
在这里表示说话人的满意心情,<
/p>
可理解为
好了
<
/p>
、
行了
等。
语法
Grammar in
use
祈使句的否定缩略式
形式为
Don't
< br>(或
Do not
)
+
动词原形,如:
Don't wait!
别等了!
Don't speak to me like that!
别那样跟我讲话!
使用祈使句时,重音、语调、手势和面部表情,尤
其是情境和上下文,都说明这种形式用于表示是否友
好、不客气、愤怒、不
耐烦、有说服性等。一般而言,
祈使句的否定式通常用
Don'
t
来表示,完整形式
Do
not
主要用于正式文告中。
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
drop
v.
(
1
)(失手)落下;掉下;放下:
Be
careful! Don't drop it.
小心!别摔了。
She dropped her knife and
fork and hurried to answer
the phone.
她放下刀叉赶紧去接电话。
(
2
)(使
)滴下;滴水:
Tears dropped from her face.
泪珠从她的脸上滑落。
(
3
)(使
)下降;降低:
He dropped his voice.
他把声音放低了些。
Yesterday the
temperature dropped to 8
℃
below zero.
昨天气
温下降到了摄氏零下
8
度。
2
.
send
v.
(
1
)送给;寄:
She is going to
send a
letter to her sister.
她准备给她的姐姐寄封信。
I'll send him a present.
我将给他送去一件礼物。
(
2
)差遣
;命(或请)
……
去:
He sent his
secretary for a doctor.
他派他的秘书去请医生了。
Her mother often sends her
to the store for some
groceries.
她母亲经常差遣她去商店买些杂货。
练习答案
Key to written exercises
Lesson 40
A
1
Send that letter to
George.
2
Take those flowers to her.
3
Show that
picture to me.
4
Give these books to Mrs.
Jones.
5
Give these ice creams to the children.
B
1
I'm going to
put it on.
2
I'm going to take them off.
3
I'm going to
turn them on.
4
I'm going to turn it off.
5
I'm going to
put it on.
6
I'm going to take it off.
7
I'm going to
turn them on.
8
I'm going to turn it off.
9
I'm going to
turn them off.
10
I'm going to turn it on.
38
课堂笔记
新单词:
front
、
in front of
、
careful
、
vase
、
drop<
/p>
、
flower
cold
front
:冷风
warm
front
:暖风
front
line
:前线
front
teeth
:门牙
front
row
:前排
front page
news
:头版新闻
in front
of
(不属于同一范围)
in the front
of
(属于同一范围)
There is a garden in front
of the building.
There is a blackboard in the front of
the classroom.
祈使句
1
.普通动词原形+其它(名词或代词)
2
.
be
动词+形容词
sweep the floor
/ dust the dressing table
Be careful!
Be quiet!
祈使句的否定形式是在其前边加
Don't
Don't be silly!
care n. & v.
护理
skin and hair care
medical care / special care
医疗护理/特殊护理
Cross the road with care!
take care of /
look after
care
v.
在乎
I don't care about money.
I don't care
(about) you.
I
don't care (about) what people think.
care for
喜欢(常用于否定句和疑问句)
She doesn't really care for
red wine.
flour
:面粉
flower
:各种各样的花草
bloom
:只供观赏的花
blossom
:开完花结果实
do with
What are you
going to do?
What are you going to do with the vase?
Lesson 41 Penny?s bag
听录音,
然后回答问题。
Who is
the tin of tobacco for?
那听烟丝是给谁买的?
Is that bag heavy, Penny?
Not very.
Here!
Put it on this chair.
What?s in it?
A piece of
cheese.
A loaf
of bread.
A bar
of soap.
A bar
of chocolate.
A
bottle of milk.
A pound of sugar.
Half a pound of coffee.
A quarter of a
pound of tea.
And a tin of tobacco.
Is that tin of tobacco for
me?
W
ell, it?s certainly not for
me!
New Word and expressions
生词和短语
cheese
n.
乳酪,干酪
bread
n.
面包
soap
n.
肥皂
chocolate
n.
巧克力
sugar
n.
糖
coffee
n.
咖啡
tea
n.
茶
tobacco
n.
烟草,烟丝
参考译文
萨姆:那个提包重吗,彭妮?
彭妮:不太重。
萨姆:放在这儿。把它放在这把椅子上。
里面是什么东西?
彭妮:一块乳酪、一块面包、一块肥皂、
一块巧克力、一瓶牛奶、一磅糖、
半磅咖啡、
1/4
磅茶叶和一听烟丝。
萨姆:那听烟丝是给我的吗?
彭妮:噢,当然不会给我的!
自学导读
1
.
Not
very.
不太重。
是
It
is not very heavy
的省略形式。
口语中回答
问题
时,常把主语、动词和宾语都省略,只剩一个副词、一
39
个副词词组或一个动词不定式短语等
.
2
.
Put it on this
chair.
把它放在这把椅子上。
it
指
ba
g
。在没有扶手的椅子上用
on
,在有
扶手的
椅子上用
in
。如:
sit on a
chair
坐在椅子上
sit in an armchair
坐在扶手椅里
3
.
cheese, bread,
soap, chocolate, milk, sugar, coffee,
tea, tobacco
p>
这些词都是不可数名词。不可数名词前面不能加
a
< br>或
an
,也没有复数形式。如果想表示
< br>
一些
之意,可用
some
,
any
等词。
p>
some
用于肯定句,
any
用于否定句和
疑问句。(可参见
Lessons 2
7
~
28
语法部分。)
如果要表示
一块
、
< br>
一张
、
一条
等,
需加
如
a piece
of
这表示数量的
短语。本课表示数量的短语还有:
a loaf of
一个
a bar of
一条
a bottle of
一瓶
a pound of
一磅
half a
pound of
半磅
a quarter of
四分之一
a tin of
一听
4
.
a loaf of
bread
,一个面包。
指西餐中切成片吃的整个面包。
5
.
a bar of
chocolate
,一块巧克力。
指一长条巧克力糖。这种形状的巧克力有时也可称
为一块巧克力。
语法
Grammar in
use
there
+
be
结构(
3
)
当
there
+
be
后跟单数名词或不可数名词时,动词
be
的一般
现在时形式为
is
;当后面跟复数名词时,动词
用
are
。如果后跟几个并列名词,而第一个名词是单
数,
动词仍用
is
。
< br>there
+
be
后面的名词是
句子的主语。如:
There is a hammer on the bookcase.
书箱上有个鎯头。(单数名词)
There is some tea in the
cup.
杯子里有些茶水。(不可数名词)
There are three bottles of
milk on the table.
桌子上有
3
瓶牛奶。(不可数名词,用复数量词修
p>
饰)
There is a pen, two books and a knife
on the desk.
课桌
上有一枝钢笔、两本书和一把小刀。(第一个
并列名词是单数)
也请参见
Lessons 19
~
p>
20
以及
Lessons 27
~
28
语法
部分。
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
bar
n.
(
1
)条;块:
He has just had
a
chocolate bar.
他刚刚吃了一块巧克力。
(
2
p>
)(门、窗的)闩;杆:
He is now behind bars.
他现在被关在监狱里。(
bar
指窗上装有铁栅栏,
behind
bars
是一种非正式固定用语,意为
in
prison
,关在
监狱里。)
(
3
p>
)酒吧(间):
The bar is very crowded.
酒吧里人很拥挤。
2
.
pound
n.
(
1
)
磅;
常衡
磅
(分成
16
盎司,
< br>等于
0.4536
千克,
略作<
/p>
1b.
);金衡磅(分成
12
盎司,等于
0.3732
千克,
< br>略作
1b. t.
):
It weighs 15
pounds.
它的重量为
p>
15
磅。
Give me a pound of sugar,
please.
请给我
1
磅糖。
(
2
)
p>
英镑
(英国货币单位,
简写为£,
全称为
pound
sterling
):
The shirt costs
me
£
20.
买这件衬衣花了我
20
镑。
Half a pound of
coffee costs one pound.
半磅咖啡的价格是一英镑。
练习答案
Key to written exercises
Lesson 42
A
1
Is there any bread in the
kitchen?
2
There's a
loaf on the
table.
3
There's some coffee on the table, too.
4
There isn't any chocolate on the table.
5
There's a spoon on that dish.
6
Is there any soap on the dressing
table?
B
1
Is there a spoon here?
Yes, there is. There's one
on the plate.
2
Is there a tie here?
Yes, there is. There's one
on the chair.
3
Is there any milk here?
Yes, there is. There's some
on the table.
4
Is there a hammer here?
Yes, there is. There's one
on the bookcase.
5
Is there any tea here?
40
Yes, there is. There's some on the
table.
6
Is there a vase here?
Yes, there is. There's one
on the radio.
7
Is there a suit here?
Yes, there is. There's one
in the wardrobe.
8
Is there any tobacco
here?
Yes,
there is. There's some in the tin.
9
Is there any
chocolate here?
Yes, there is. There's some on the
desk.
10
Is there any cheese here?
Yes, there is. There's some
on the plate.
课堂笔记
Lesson 41 Penny's bag
新单词:
cheese
、
bread
、
soap<
/p>
、
chocolate
、
sugar
、
coffee
、
tea
、
tobacco
One, two ,
three, cheese!
Who moved my cheese?
Steamed bread
馒头
long noodle / dumping
Life is just like a box of
chocolate. You will never
know what
you'll get from it.
Don't let others feel better than you.
sugar
:(方、白砂)糖
sweet
:(英式)糖果
candy
:(美式)糖果
sugar
candy
:冰糖
sweet
heart
:亲爱的
dear
:亲爱的
sugar
report
:
love letter
sugar
daddy
:
coffee
:咖啡
coffin
:棺材
black
coffee
:纯咖啡
white
coffee
:(加牛奶的)咖啡
coffee
bean
:咖啡豆
coffee
bar
:咖啡吧
coffee
house
:咖啡吧
black
tea
:红茶
green
tea
:绿茶
scented(jasmine)
tea
:(茉莉)花茶
chamomlle
tea
:菊花茶
milk
tea
:奶茶
brick
tea
:砖茶
tea
break
、
coffee
break
、
make the
tea
:沏茶
语法
不可数名词:
1
)不可数名词在表示量的概念时也
叫部分词。
a piece of paper / bread / chalk
a sheet of
paper/ a kilo of water
two pieces of paper / three sheets of
paper / five kilos
of water
2
)不可数名词在表示量的概念时要
用某种容器。
a bottle of beer / a glass of milk
five bottles of
beer / six glasses of milk
3
)用容器表示可数名词时,可数名词用复数
< br>
a box of
pens
Lesson 43
Hurry up!
听录音,然后回答问题。
How do you know
Sam
doesn't make the tea very often?
你怎么知道萨姆不常沏茶?
Can you make the tea, Sam?
Yes, of course
I can, Penny.
Is there any water in this
kettle(
水壶
)?
Yes, there is.
Where?s the tea?
It?s over
there, behind the teapot.
Can you see it?
I can see the teapot, but I
can?t see the tea.
There it is!
It?s in front of
you.
Ah yes, I can see it now.
Where are the cups?
There are some
in the cupboard
(碗橱)
.
Can you find
them?
Yes. Here
they are.
Hurry
up, Sam.
The
kettle?s boiling.
New Word and expressions
生词和短语
of course
当然
kettle
n.
水壶
behind
prep.
在
……
后面
teapot
n.
茶壶
now
adv.
现在,此刻
find
41
v.
找到
boil
v.
沸腾,开
参考译文
彭妮:你会沏茶吗,萨姆?
萨姆:会的,我当然会,彭妮。
萨姆:这水壶里有水吗?
彭妮:有水。
萨姆:茶叶在哪儿?
彭妮:就在那儿,茶壶后面。
彭妮:你看见了吗?
萨姆:茶壶我看见了,但茶叶没看到。
彭妮:那不是么!
就在你眼前。
萨姆:噢,是啊,我现在看到了。
萨姆:茶杯在哪儿呢?
彭妮:碗橱里有几只。
彭妮:你找得到吗?
萨姆:找得到。就在这儿呢。
彭妮:快,萨姆。水开了!
自学导读
1
.
Can
you make the tea, Sam?
你会沏茶吗,
萨姆?
make the tea,
p>
沏茶。
句中
can
是英语中最常见的几个
情态助动词之一,请参见本课语法部分。
2
.
p>
behind
,在
……
的后面。
与
in front of
(在
……
前面)互为反义词。
3
.
The
kettle's
boiling!
水开了
!
这里的
kettle =water in the kett
le
。用容器来指代容
器内的东西是一种修辞格,
叫借代
(
metonymy/i'mtnmi/
p>
)
。
语法
Grammar in use
can(1)
< br>can
是英语中最常用的几个情态助动词之一,它本
身不
表示动作,只表示体力或脑力方面的能力或客观可
能等。
它必须
与其他动词连用,
本身没有性和数的变化。
如:
I can see
some coffee on the table.
我能看到桌子上的一些咖啡。
Can Sam read this book?
萨姆看得懂这本书吗?
can
的否定形式为
can
not, cannot
或
can't
(省略式)
:
I can't see any
coffee.
我看不见什么咖啡。
He can't find the cups.
他找不到杯子。
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
find
v.
(
1
)找到;寻得:
It is most
important to find a suitable person for the
job.
找到一位适合做这项工作的人是至关重要的。
Where are the
cups? I can't find them.
杯子放在哪儿
练习答案
Key to written exercises
Lesson 44
A
1
I can see some spoons,
but I can't see any knives.
2
I can see
some hammers, but I can't see any boxes.
3
I
can see some coffee, but I can't see any loaves of
bread.
4
I can see some cupboards,
but I can't see any
shelves.
5
I
can see Mr. Jones and Mr. Brown, but I can't see
their wives.
6
I can see some cups, but
I can't see any dishes.
7
I can see some cars, but
I can't see any buses.
B
1
Is there any milk here?
Yes, there is. There's some
in front of the door.
2
Is there any soap here?
Yes, there is.
There's some on the cupboard.
3
Are there any
newspapers here?
Yes, there are. There are some behind
that vase.
4
Is there any water here?
Yes, there is. There's some
in those glasses.
5
Is there any tea here?
Yes, there is.
There's some in those cups.
6
Are there any
cups here?
Yes,
there are. There are some in front of that kettle.
7
Is there any chocolate here?
Yes, there is.
There's some behind that book.
8
Are there any
teapots here?
Yes, there are. There are some in that
cupboard.
9
Are there any cars here?
Yes, there are. There are
some in front of that building.
10
Is there any
coffee here?
Yes, there is. There's some on the
table.
课堂笔记
Lesson 43 Hurry up!
快点!
42
新单词:
of course
、
kettle
、
behind
、
teapot
、
now
p>
、
find
、
bo
il
of course /
certainly / sure
in front of
:表示方位
before
:表示时间
behind
:表示方位
after
:表示时间
run after
find
:找到(结果)
find
out
:(抽象东西)查明事情的真相
look
for
:寻找的动作
We are
looking for a lost pen.
But it is not
sure you can find it.
this letter for
me?
Ask her please.
BOB:
Yes, sir.
BOB: Can you type this letter
for the boss please, Pamela?
PAMELA: Yes, of course I can.
BOB: Here you are.
PAMELA:
Thank you, Bob.
PAMELA: Bob!
BOB: Yes?
What's the matter.
PAMELA: I can't type this letter.
search
:搜索
dis
cover
:(重新经过努力)发现
invent
:发明
exp
lore
:探索(找到什么东西一切不可预测)
复习语法
情态动词
must
1
.本身具有实际意义的助动词
2
p>
.不能单独做谓语,只能后边跟动词原形
3
.没有人称和数词的变化
4
p>
.否定句在情态动词后加
not
,一般疑问
句则把情
态动词提前
can
/ can't
I can make the tea.
I can't make
the tea.
Can you make the tea?
Yes, I can.
No,
I can't.
What must I do?
What can you do?
Lesson 45
The boss's letter
老板的信
Listen to the tape then
answer this question. Why can't
Pamela type the letter?
听录音,然后回答问题。帕梅拉为什么无法打信?
THE
BOSS: Can you come here a minute
please, Bob?
BOB: Yes, sir?
THE BOSS: Where's Pamela?
BOB: She's next door.
She's in her office, sir.
THE BOSS: Can she type
PAMELA: I can't read it!
The
boss's handwriting is
terrible!
New Word and expressions
生词和短语
can
modal verb
能够
boss
n.
老板,上司
minute
n.
分(钟)
ask
v.
请求,要求
handwriting
n.
书写
terrible
adj.
糟糕的,可怕的
参考译文
老
板:请你来一下好吗?鲍勃?
鲍
勃
:
什么事,先生?
老
板:帕梅拉在哪儿?
鲍
勃
:
她在隔壁,在她的办公室里,先生。
老
板:她能为我打一下这封信吗?请问她。
鲍
勃
:
好的,先生。
鲍
勃
: <
/p>
请你把这封信给老板打一下可以吗,
帕梅拉?
帕梅拉:可以,当然可以。
鲍
勃
:
给你这信。
帕梅拉:谢谢你,鲍勃。
帕梅拉:鲍勃!
鲍
勃
:
怎么了?怎么回事?
帕梅拉:我打不了这封信。
帕梅拉:我看不懂这封信,
老板的书写太糟糕了!
43
自学导读
1
.
Can you come
here a minute please, Bob?
请你来
一下好吗,鲍勃?
句中的
a minute
是时间状语,表示
<
/p>
一会儿
、
片
刻
。又如:
Wait a
minute, please.
请稍等一会儿。
2
.
She's next
door.
她在隔壁。
这里
next
door
起副词作用,作表语。
语法
Grammar in use
can(2)
< br>can
是情态助动词,表示
能力
。情态助动词的否
她现在正为客人铺床。
The
coffee is made.
咖啡煮好了。
3
.
terrible
adj.
(
1
)可怕的;骇人的:
This is a picture
of terrible new weapons.
这是一张可怕的新式武器的图片。
(
2
)困难的;费劲的:
Who can accomplish this terrible task?
谁能完成这项艰难的任务?
(
3
)极度的;非常严重的:
I've got a terrible headache.
定式由情态助动词加
not
构成;疑问句中将情态助动词<
/p>
置于句首,后接句子的主语和主要谓语动词。又如:
Can
Penny and Jane wash the dishes?
彭尼和简会洗
盘子吗?
Yes, they can.
是的,她们会。
can
本身没有人称或数方面的变化
。它还可以与疑
问词一起用在特殊疑问句中。如:
What can Penny
and Jane do?
彭尼和简会干什么?
They can wash the
dishes.
她们会洗盘子。
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
lift
v.
(
1
)提;抬;举:
< br>
Can you lift this heavy suitcase?
你能提起这个沉重的衣箱吗?
The elderly
lady lifted her eyes from the book.
那位年长的女士从书本上抬起眼睛。
(
2
p>
)提高;搞高
……
地位:
< br>
This polity lifted Chinese exports of
silk.
这项政策提高了中国丝绸的出口量。
2
.
make
v.
(
1
)制作;创造:
< br>
She is going to make a very big
birthday cake.
她准备做一个非常大的生日蛋糕。
Hollywood can
make the most famous film stars in
the world.
好莱坞可以造就世界上最著名的影星。
(
p>
2
)产生,引起,导致:
You
have made a serious mistake.
你犯了一个严重的错误。
Don't make so
much noise, please!
请别这么大肆喧闹!
(
p>
3
)整理;料理;准备:
She
is now making the bed for a guest.
我头疼得厉害。
(
< br>4
)<口>糟透的;很蹩脚的:
She is terrible at maths.
她的数学很蹩脚。
练习答案
Key to
written exercises
Lesson 46
A
1
They can
type these letters.
2
She
can make the bed.
3
You can
swim across the river.
4
We
can come now.
5
We can run
across the park.
6
He can
sit on the grass.
7
I can
give him some chocolate.
B
1
Can you type this letter?
Yes, I can.
What can you do?
I can type this letter.
2
Can Penny wait for the bus?
Yes, she can.
What can she
do?
She can wait for the bus.
3
Can Penny and Jane wash
the dishes?
Yes, they can.
What can they do?
They can
wash the dishes.
4
Can
George take these flowers to her?
Yes,
he can.
What can he do?
He
can take these flowers to her.
5
Can the cat drink its milk?
Yes, it can.
What can it do?
44
It can drink its milk.
6
Can you and Tom paint this bookcase?
Yes, we can.
What can you
and Tom do?
We
can paint this bookcase.
7
Can you see that
aeroplane?
Yes,
I can.
What can
you do?
I can
see that aeroplane.
8
Can Jane read this book?
Yes, she can.
What can she
do?
She can
read this book.
课堂笔记
Lesson 45 The boss's letter
老板的信
新单词:
can
、
boss
、
minute
、
ask
、
handwriting
、
terrible
boss
:(大的实体)的头
manager
:经理
owner
:(小商店)的店主
leader
:领袖
head
:首脑
head hunter
:猎头
lord
:统治者、主(耶酥)
landlord
:地主
master
:主人
lady
:对女性有礼貌的称呼,也可代表有权力的女
性
chief
:部落、族长、首领
chief executive
officer
year
:年
month
:月
season
:季
week
:星期
day
:天
hour
:小时
minute
:分钟
second
:秒
quarter
:一刻钟、季度
decade
:十年
century
:百年、世纪
a
minute
:一会儿
ask
:要求、请求
request
< br>:书面体、更为正式的请求
beg
:乞求
ask
+名词或代词(宾格)
ask her / ask
them
ask sb. to do sth.
要求某人做事(动词不定式)
The boss is going to ask
Pamela to type a letter for
him.
The teacher is
going to ask the students to sweep the
floor.
lesson 47 A cup of
coffee
听录音,然后回答问题。
How does Ann like
her
coffee?
安想要什么样的咖啡?
MRS
YOUNG:
Do you like coffee, Mrs
Price?
MRS PRICE:
Yes, I do.
MRS YOUNG:
Do you want a cup?
MRS
PRICE:
Yes, please. Mrs Young.
MRS YOUNG:
Do you
want any sugar?
MRS PRICE:
Yes, please.
MRS YOUNG:
Do you want any milk?
MRS
PRICE:
No, thank you. I don't
like milk in my
coffee.
I
like black coffee.
MRS YOUNG:
Do you like biscuits?
MRS
PRICE:
Yes, I do.
MRS
YOUNG:
Do you want one?
MRS PRICE:
Yes,
please.
New Word and expressions
生词和短语
like
v.
喜欢,想要
want
v.
想
参考译文
克里斯廷:你喜欢咖啡吗,安?
安:是的,我喜欢。
克里斯廷:你想要一杯吗?
安:好的,请来一杯,克里斯廷。
克里斯廷:你要放些糖吗?
安:好的,请放一些。
克里斯廷:要放些牛奶吗?
安:
p>
不了,
谢谢。
我不喜欢咖啡中放牛奶,
p>
我喜欢咖啡。
克里斯廷:你喜欢饼干吗?
安:是的,我喜欢。
克里斯廷:你想要一块吗?
安:好的,请来一块。
自学导读
课文详注
Further
notes on the text
45
1
.
Yes, I do.
是的,我喜欢。
是一句肯定的简略回答。如果是否定的回答,则应为
No, I
don't. I like…
和
I
don't like…
这两个句型是分别表
示
我喜欢
/想要
……
和
我不喜欢/想要
p>
……
的惯常用法。
2
.
black coffee,
不加牛奶或咖啡伴侣的清咖啡。
加牛奶的咖啡叫
white
coffee. black
在有些搭配中不译
为黑色的,如:
black tea
红茶
3
.序数词
1st
~
12th
1st----first
2nd----second
3rd----third
4th----fourth
5th----fifth
6th----sixth
7th----seventh
8th----eighth
9th----ninth
10th----tenth
11th----eleventh
12th----twelft
h
英
语中序数词必须与定冠词(
the
)连用。虽然有时不在
形式上表现出来,
在朗读的时候也必须加上
t
he
。
如:
the
1st month
(第
1
个月)
,
the twelfth centu
ry
(
12
世纪)
。
语法
Grammar in use
一般现在时(
1
)
一般现在时可用以陈述
现在时段内发生或存在的事件、
动作或行为。这些事件、动作或情景说不定会无限地延<
/p>
续下去。
但实际上,
我们的意思则是在说
这是现在存在
着的状况
。
一般现在时还可以表示普遍真理以及习惯性
的动作。如:
I like black
coffee.
我喜欢喝清咖啡。
I don't want any milk in my tea.
我不想给我的茶中加什么牛奶。
My
father works in a bank.
我父亲在一家银行工作。
I get
up at 7.
我
7
点钟起床。<
/p>
The earth goes round the
sun.
地球围着太阳转。
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
like
v.
(
1
)喜欢:
I like that sweet girl.
我喜欢那个可爱的姑娘。
John
likes Chinese food.
约翰喜欢吃中国菜。
(
2
)想要;希望有:
Would you like some coffee?
你要不要来点咖啡?
How
does Ann like her coffee?
安想喝什么样的咖啡?
2
.
want
v.
(
1
)
想要;希望:
I want some sugar.
我想要些糖。
I want you
to try.
我希望你试试。
(
2
)需要:
Those drooping flowers want water.
那些正在枯萎的花朵需要水分。
My
leather shoes want cleaning.
我的皮鞋需要擦擦了。
练习答案
Key to
written exercises
Lesson 48
A
1
The
aeroplane is flying over the village.
2
The ship is going under the bridge.
3
The children are swimming
across the river.
4
Two
cats are running along the wall.
5
The boy is jumping off the branch.
6
The girl is sitting
between her mother and her father.
7
The teacher is standing in front of the
blackboard.
8
The
blackboard is behind the teacher.
B
1
Yes, I do.
I
like honey, but I don't want any.
2
Yes, I do.
I like bananas,
but I don't want one.
3
Yes, I do.
I like jam, but I
don't want any.
4
Yes, I
do.
I like oranges, but I don't want
one.
5
Yes, I do.
I like ice cream, but I don't want any.
6
Yes, I do.
I
like whisky, but I don't want any.
7
Yes, I do.
I like apples,
but I don't want one.
8
Yes, I do.
I like wine, but
I don't want any.
9
Yes, I
do.
I like biscuits, but I don't want
one.
10
Yes, I do.
I like beer, but I don't want any.
课堂笔记
46
Lesson 47 A cup of coffee
新单词:
like
、
< br>want
、
fresh
、
egg
、
butter
、
pure
、
honey
、
ripe
、
banan
a
、
jam
、
sweet
、
orange
、
Scotch whisky
、
choice<
/p>
、
apple
、
wine
、
beer
、
blackboard
like
:喜欢(人、东西)
love
:爱
fancy
:(不正式的用语中)喜欢
adore
:热爱(程度较深)
care
for
:喜欢(更多在书面用语中)
be fond of
:喜欢
be keen on
:喜欢
take to
:开始喜欢
cherish
:珍惜(长时间喜欢)
like prep.
像
重点语法:
一般现在时:
1
.表示现在的事实或是状态。
It is very hot today.
She
lives in Paris.
2
.表示现在的习惯或反复的动作。
She gets up at 7 o'clock every day.
3
.代替一般将来时。
Do you come tomorrow?
结构:
1
.
主语+
be
动词
疑问句要把
be
动词提前,
主语放
后;
2
.主语+动词原形
否定句要借助于
don't
第三人称单
数要借助于
doesn't
疑问句
do
加主语,
< br>后面是动词原形;
does
加主语,后面是动词原形
p>
(回答时:
be
问
be
答、
do
问
do
答、
does
问
does
答、
can
问
can
答
――
p>
用什么问用什么答)
I like
music.
I don't like music.
Do you like music.
Yes, I
do. / No, I don't.
What do you like?
p>
动词加
s
(
es<
/p>
)规则:
一般动词直接加
-s
辅音字母加
p>
y
结尾,要变
y
为
i
加
es
s, x, sh, ch, z
结尾的单词加
-es
变化(如:
wash
、
pass
、
fix
、
watch
、
buzz
)
频率副词:
often
sometimes
always
usually
never
1
.在句子中用在
be
动词之后。
2
.用在行为动词之前。
3
.如果是否定句或是疑问句用在助动词和行为动词之
间。
4
.为表示强调频率副词可
以放在句首或者是句尾。
表示时间的词:
一天中的一段时间
in the
morning
in the afternoon
at
night
every
引导的词:
every
year
、
every
day
、
every
month
、
every
Monday
、
every
Sunday
、
every week
lesson 49 At the butcher?s
听录音,然后回答问题。
What does Mr.
Bird like?
伯德先生喜欢什么?
BUTCHER:
Do you
want any meat today.
Mrs. Bird?
: Yes, please.
BUTCHER:
Do you want beef
or lamb?
:
Beef, please.
BUTCHER:
This lamb's very
good.
: I like
lamb,
but my
husband doesn't.
BUTCHER:
What about some
steak?
This is
a nice piece.
:
Give me that piece, please.
: And a pound of mince,
too.
BUTCHER:
Do you want a chicken,
Mrs. Bird?
They 're very nice.
: No, thank
you.
: My
husband likes steak,
but he doesn't like chicken.
BUTCHER:
To tell you the truth,
Mrs. Bird,
I don't like chicken
either!
New
Word and expressions
生词和短语
butcher
n.
卖肉的
meat
n.
(食用)肉
beef
n.
牛肉
lamb
n.
羔羊肉
husband
47
n.
丈夫
steak
n.
牛排
mince
n.
肉馅,绞肉
chicken
n.
鸡
tell
v.
告诉
truth
n.
实情
either
adv.
也(用于否定句)
参考译文
肉
商:您今天要买点肉吗,伯德夫人?
伯德夫人:是的,我买一点。
肉
商:您要牛肉还是要羔羊肉?
伯德夫人:请给我牛肉。
肉
商:这羔羊肉很好。
伯德夫人:我喜欢羔羊肉,可我丈夫不喜欢。
肉
商:来点牛排吗?这块很好。
伯德夫人:就请给我那块吧。
伯德夫人:再来一磅绞肉。
肉
商:您要买只鸡吗,伯德夫人?这些鸡很好。
伯德夫人:不要了,谢谢。
伯德夫人:我丈夫喜欢牛排,但他不喜欢鸡。
肉
商:说老实话,伯德夫人,
我也不喜欢鸡。
自学导读
1
.
What about some
steak?
来点牛排吗?
句中
What
可以换成
How
,用来征求对方看法或意
见。请参看
Lessons 31
~
32
课文详注。
2
.
to
tell(you) the truth,
老实说,说实话。
它常用于句首,作句子的附加成分,表示说话人对
所说话语的态度:
To tell you the truth, I don't like his
new car at all.
给你讲实话,我一点儿也不喜欢他的那辆新车。
3
.序数
词
13th
~
24th
13th----
thirteenth
14th----
fourteenth
15th-
---fifteenth
16th----
sixteenth
17th----
seventeenth
18th
----eighteenth
19th----
nineteenth 20th----twentieth
21st----twenty-first
22nd----twenty-second
23rd----twenty-
third
24th----
twenty-fourth
语法
Grammar in
use
1
.选择疑问句
含有
or
的问句称为选择疑问句。
or
之前的部
分读
升调,之后的部分读降调。这种疑问句不能简单地用
Yes
或
No
来回答。选择疑问句把选择的
余地缩小在数
目有限的事物、行动等上面,可以有无限性的选择、
3
项选择以及两项选择。选择疑问句通常可以采用缩略形
式,
如:
Beef or lamb?
牛肉还是羔羊肉?
选择疑问句的例句如:
What would you
like to drink?
你喜欢喝什么?(无限性选择)
Which/What would you
prefer, tea or coffee?
茶和咖啡,你喜欢哪一种?(两项选择)
Would you like
tea, coffee, or milk?
你喜欢茶、咖啡、还是牛奶?(
3
项选择)
p>
How
shall we go, by bus or by train?
我们怎么走?乘公共汽车还是坐火车?
Did you go
there, or didn't you?
你去了那儿还是没有去?
Did you or didn't you go
there?
你是去了还是没有去那儿?
2
.一般现在时的单数第
3
人称形式
(可参见
Lessons 47
~
48
语法部分。)
词汇学习
Word study
1
.
too
adv.
也,还(常用于肯定句,有时也用于疑问句,但不
能用于否定句。常见于句末,而且<
/p>
too
前常有逗号;如
果不在句末,
p>
too
前后都应当有逗号):
I like lamb,
too.
我也喜欢小羊肉。
Can I come, too?
我也来,行吗?
I, too, have been to
Shanghai.
我也到过上海。
2
.
either
adv.
也,而且(一般用于否定句,位于句末,前面通常
有逗号):
He doesn't like
the house, and I don't like it, either.
他不喜欢这所房子,我也不喜欢。
If you do not go, I shall
not go, either.
48
如果你不去,那么我也不去。
I haven't seen
the film and my sister hasn't either.
我没有看过那部电影,我妹妹也没看过。
练习答案
Key to
written exercises
Lesson 50
A
1
He likes coffee, but I don't.
2
She likes tea, but he doesn't.
3
He is eating some bread, but she isn't.
4
She can type very well, but he can't.
5
They are working hard, but we aren't.
6
He is reading a magazine, but I am not.
B
1
Yes, he does.
He likes
cabbage, but he doesn't want any.
2
Yes, he does.
He likes
lettuce, but he doesn't want any.
3
Yes, I do.
I like peas,
but I don't want any.
4
Yes, she does.
She likes
beans, but she doesn't want any.
5
Yes, I do.
I like bananas,
but I don't want any.
6
Yes, he does.
He likes oranges, but he
doesn't want any.
7
Yes, he does.
He likes apples, but he
doesn't want any.
8
Yes, she does.
She likes
pears, but she doesn't want any.
9
Yes, I do.
I like grapes,
but I don't want any.
10
Yes, she does.
She likes
peaches, but she doesn't want any.
课堂笔记
Lesso 49 At the
butcher's
新单词:<
/p>
butcher
、
meat
、
beef
、
lamb
p>
、
husband
、
steak
、
mince
、
chicken
、
tell
、
truth
、
either
butcher
:
v.
(为了吃肉)屠杀动物
kill
:杀害
kill the
time
:打发时间
murder
:谋杀
massacre
:(大规模地对没有反抗力的人的)屠杀
band 6
六级
band 4
四级
music band
乐队
rare
:比较嫩的牛排
medium
:中等的,六七分熟的牛排
well-done
:全熟的牛排
steak
~
tell
:告诉
say
:说,强调说话的内容
speak
:讲话,强调说话的动作;讲某种语言
talk
:谈话,侧重于交流
talk show
chat
:聊天
chat room
聊天室
chitchat
discuss
:讨论
debate
:辩论
dialogue
:对话,一般有一个固定的话题,围绕它
来谈
tell a
lie
:撒谎
tell the
truth
:说实话
My mother is a teacher, my
father is a teacher too.
I don't like music, my brother doesn't
like music
either.
lesson 51
A pleasant climate
听录音,
然后回答问题。
Does
it ever snow In Greece?
希腊下过雪吗?
HANS:
Where do you come from?
DIMITRI:
I come from Greece.
HANS:
What's the climate like in your
country?
DIMITRI:
It's
very pleasant.
Hans:
What's the weather like in spring?
DIMITRI:
It's often windy in March. It's
always warm in April and May, but it
rains sometimes.
HANS:
What's it like in summer?
DIMITRI:
It's always hot in June, July and
August. The sun shines every day.
HANS:
Is it cold or warm in autumn?
DIMITRI:
It's always warm in September and
October. It's often cold in November
and it rains sometimes.
HANS:
Is it
very cold in winter?
DIMITRI:
It's
often cold in December,
January and
February. It snows sometimes.
New Word and expressions
生词和短语
Greece
n.
希腊
climate
n.
气候
country
n.
国家
pleasant
49
adj.
宜人的
weather
n.
天气
spring
n.
春季
windy
adj.
有风的
warm
adj.
温暖的
rain
v.
下雨
sometimes
adv.
有时
summer
n.
夏天
autumn
n.
秋天
winter
n.
冬天
snow
v.
下雪
January
n.
1
月
February
n.
2
月
March
n.
3
月
April
n.
4
月
May
n.
5
月
June
n.
6
月
July
n.
7
月
August
n.
8
月
September
n.
9
月
October
n.
10
月
November
n.
11
月
December
n.
12
月
参考译文
汉
斯:你是哪国人?
迪米特里:我是希腊人。
汉
斯:你们的国家的气候是怎么样?
迪米特里:气候非常宜人。
汉
斯:春季的天气怎么样?
迪米特里:
3
月里常常刮风。
4
月和
5
月的天气总暖洋洋
的,
但有时下雨。
汉
斯:夏季的天气如何呢?
迪米特里:
6
月、
7
月和
8
月的天气总是炎热的
每天都出太阳。
汉
斯:秋季的天气是冷还是暖呢?
迪米特里:
9
月和
10
月总是很暖和,
11
月常常就冷了,而且有时下雨。
汉
斯:冬季的天气很冷吗?
迪米特里:
12
月、
1
月和
2
月常常很冷,
有时还下雪。
自学导读
1
.
Where do you
come from?
你是哪国人?
问对方是什么地方人。
come from
表示来源或籍贯。
也可说:
Where are you
from?
在第
7
课中出现过类似的
句子。
2
.
What's the
climate like in your country?
你们国家
的气候怎么样?
句中
li
ke
是介词,不是动词,它的宾语是
What
。
又如:
What's
the weather like in spring? climate
指某一地
区数年间的天气情况;
weather
是指某个特定的时间内
晴、
雨、
风、<
/p>
雪变化。
对于这类问题的回答可以是
It's very
pleasant
(很好)或
It rains sometimes
(有时下雨)。这
p>
里的
it
均指天气。
3
.
It's often
windy in March. 3
月里常常刮风。
表示在某个月份里通常用介词
p>
in
。
类似用
in
的时间
短语课文中还有
in April
(
在
4
月)
,
in
June
(在
6
月)
,
in
September
(在
9
月)等等。
often
(经常),
always
(总是,老是),
< br>sometimes
(有时)都是课文中出现的表示非确定频度的副词。这
些副词一般用来回答用
how often
提问的问题。
语法
Grammar in use
What…(be. look, etc.) like?
我们把
What…like?
这一句
型用于询问事物的状
况,例如天气、气候等:
What's the
weather like today?
今天天气怎么样?
What's it like today?
今天怎么样?
What's the climate like in
your country?
50