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2021-02-09 11:04
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2021年2月9日发(作者:环境消毒)


CCNA640-802 V13


题库试题分析



题库讲解


:吴老师(艾迪飞


CCIE< /p>


实验室



首发网站:



1.


What


are


two


reasons


that


a


network


administrator


would


use


access


lists?


(Choose two.)



A. to control vty access into a router



B. to control broadcast traffic through a router



C. to filter traffic as it passes through a router



D. to filter traffic that originates from the router



E. to replace passwords as a line of defense against security incursions



Answer: AC


< p>
解释一下:在


VTY


线路下应用

< br>ACL


,可以控制从


VTY


线路 进来的


telnet


的流量。



也可以过滤穿越一台路由器的流量。



2.


A


default


Frame


Relay


WAN


is


classified


as


what


type


of


physical


network?



A. point-to-point



B. broadcast multi-access



C. nonbroadcast multi- access



D. nonbroadcast multipoint



E. broadcast point-to-multipoint



Answer: C



解释一下:在默认的情况下,帧中继为非广播多路访问链路 。但是也可以通过子接


口来修改他的网络的类型。



3



Refer to the exhibit. How many broadcast domains exist in the exhibited


topology?


A. one



B. two



C. three



D. four



E. five



F. six



Answer: C



解释一下:广播域的问题,在默认的情况下,每个交换机是 不能隔离广播域的,所


以在同一个区域的所有交换机都在同一个广播域中,但是为了减少 广播的危害,将


广播限制在一个更小的范围,有了


VLAN


的概念,


VLAN


表示的是一个虚拟的局域 网,


而他的作用就是隔离广播。所以被


VLAN


隔离了的每个区域都表示一个单独的广播


域,这样一个


VLAN


中的广播的流量是不能传到其他的区域的,所以在上题中就有

< br>3


个广播域了。



4. A single 802.11g access point has been configured and installed in the


center


of


a


square


office.


A


few


wireless


users


are


experiencing


slow


performance and drops while most users are operating at peak efficiency.


What are three likely causes of this problem? (Choose three.)


A. mismatched TKIP encryption


B. null SSID


C. cordless phones


D. mismatched SSID


E. metal file cabinets


F. antenna type or direction


Answer: CEF


A. This command should be executed from the global configuration mode.



C. 102 is the remote DLCI that will receive the information.



D. This command is required for all Frame Relay configurations.



E.


The


broadcast


option


allows


packets,


such


as


RIP


updates,


to


be


forwarded


across the PVC.



Answer: E



解释一下:关于 命令这个命令用于手工静态添加一条映射,到达的流量封装一个


DLCI


号为


102


,而且这条


PVC


是支持广播的流量的,比如


RIP


的更 新包。因为在默认


的情况下,帧中继的网络为非广播的,而


RI P


在其上是无法发包的。



8



Which of the following are associated with the application layer of the


OSI model? (Choose two.)



A. ping



B. Telnet



C. FTP



D. TCP



E. IP



Answer: BC



解释一下:在


OSI 7


层模型中位于应用层的应用有


telnet



ftp


这两种应用。



9. For security reasons, the network administrator needs to prevent pings


into the corporate networks from hosts outside the internetwork. Which


protocol should be blocked with access control lists?



A. IP



B. ICMP



C. TCP



D. UDP



Answer: B



解释一下:


PING


命令



利用


ICMP


协议的

< br>echo,



echo-replay


两个报文来检测链路是


否连通的。


所以如果要阻止


PING


的流量到网络,


就只要过滤掉


ICMP


的应用就可以了。



10



Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has created a new VLAN


on Switch1 and added host C and host D. The administrator has properly


configured switch interfaces FastEthernet0/13 through FastEthernet0/24 to


be


members


of


the


new


VLAN.


However,


after


the


network


administrator


completed


the


configuration,


host


A


could


communicate


with


host


B,


but


host


A could not communicate with host C or host D. Which commands are required


to resolve this problem?



A. Router(config)# interface fastethernet 0/



Router(config-if)# encapsulation dot1q 3



B. Router(config)# router rip



C. Switch1# vlan database



Switch1(vlan)# vtp v2-mode



Switch1(vlan)# vtp domain cisco



Switch1(vlan)# vtp server



D. Switch1(config)# interface fastethernet 0/1



Switch1(config-if)# switchport mode trunk



Switch1(config-if)# switchport trunk encapsulation isl



Answer: A



解释一下:这是 一个多


VLAN


间通讯的问题,虽然都同在一台交换机上,但是 由于处


在不同的


VLAN


中,而导致了 不同


VLAN


中的主机是不能通讯的。这时我们就需要借助



trunk


和三层的路由功能了,在交换 机和路由器之间封装


TRUNK


,这样可以允许交


换机间的二层的通讯,但是由于两个


VLAN


是划分 到不同的网段中的,因此需要借助


路由器的路由功能来实现三层的可达,可以将


VLAN


中的主机的网关指定为路由器与



VLAN


相连的子接口的地址,这样


VLA N


中的数据包就都会发往网关,而由网关来进


行进一步的转发。



在这个题中,题目给出了路由器的的子接口的网段,而又给出 了


VLAN 2


与路由器相


连的接口的


IP


地址,所以剩下的一个网段就是给


VLAN 3


的了



,所以要在路由器 上


将与一个子接口划分到


VLAN


3



并给其分配另一个网段中的


IP


地址。


这样就可以了。



11



What


are


two


recommended


ways


of


protecting


network


device


configuration


files from outside network security threats? (Choose two.)



A. Allow unrestricted access to the console or VTY ports.



B.


Use


a


firewall


to


restrict


access


from


the


outside


to


the


network


devices.



C. Always use Telnet to access the device command line because its data is


automatically encrypted.



D.


Use


SSH


or


another


encrypted


and


authenticated


transport


to


access


device


configurations.



E. Prevent the loss of passwords by disabling password encryption.



Answer: BD



解释一下:要 确保外部的安全的站点才可以访问我的网络,这就涉及到了安全的问


题了,我们



可以使用防火墙来限制外网中来的设备;也可以通过

< br>SSH


或加密和认证


来控制。



12



Refer to the exhibit. The access list has been configured on the S0/0


interface of router RTB in the outbound direction. Which two packets, if


routed to the interface, will be denied? (Choose two.)



0.0.0.15 any eq telnet



access-list 101 permit ip any any



Answer: DE



解释一下:这个访问列表定义了两个语句:



0.0.0.15 any eq telnet



access-list 101 permit ip any any



在访问列表中匹配的顺序是从上到下,如果匹配了某一句,就 退出访问列表,如果


没有就一直往下匹配,在访问列表中有一句隐含的拒绝所有。所以不 管怎么样都有


一句是能被匹配的。


在上题中,

< br>他定义的第一句是拒绝到从发出的任何的


telnet



流量,然后第二句定义的就是允许所有的


IP


流量。而且要明确


telnet


的流量使用的


是端口


23,


所以这个题的答案就很明确了。< /p>



13



Refer to the exhibit. Switch1 has just been restarted and has passed


the


POST


routine.


Host


A


sends


its


initial


frame


to


Host


C.


What


is


the


first


thing the switch will do as regards populating the switching table?


C. Switch1 will add 000A.8A to the switching table.



Answer: C



解释一下:交换 机重新启动了,这个时候交换机的


MAC


地址表是空的,当主机


A


发送


数据给主机

C


而经过交换机时,交换机根据他的工作的原理他要进行原


MAC


地址学


习,而因为对于这个目的


MAC


地址无记录,而将这个流量从除收到的这个接口外的


所有 接口泛洪出去。所以在最开始的一步中,交换机是记录下主机


A



MAC


地址到他


< br>MAC


地址表中。



Based on the Host1 ARP table that is shown in the exhibit, what will Host1


do?



A. send a unicast ARP packet to the DSL modem/router



B. send unicast ICMP packets to the DSL modem/router



C. send Layer 3 broadcast packets to which the DSL modem/router responds



D. send a Layer 2 broadcast that is received by Host2, the switch, and the


DSL modem/router



Answer: B



解释一下:在下 面的表中我们可以看到


ARP


表中有关于的

ARP


条目,所以在这主机都


只需要发送单播的

< p>
ICMP


包到


DSL modem/router


即可。



15. Refer to the exhibit. What is the most efficient summarization that R1


can use to advertise its networks to R2?



Answer: C



解释一下:这还是一个关于汇总的问题。要求


R1

将所有的网段用汇总的条目发送给


R2


,因为这些条目的网 络位是相同的都为,所以在这需要汇总的只是第


3


个八位,



4



4



5



6



7


这些写成二进制的形式,然后找出相同的位数 ,则有相同位数的


字节就是他们的掩码的位数,而最小的有相同位的最小的数字就是他们 的基数位,


所以


R1


通告出去



汇总的条目为。



16.


Refer


to


the


exhibit.


Assume


that


all


router


interfaces


are


operational


and correctly configured. In addition, assume that OSPF has been correctly


configured


on


router


R2.


How


will


the


default route


configured


on


R1


affect


the operation of R2?



A.


Any


packet


destined


for


a


network


that


is


not


directly


connected


to


router


R1 will be dropped.



B.


Any


packet


destined


for


a


network


that


is


not


directly


connected


to


router


R2 will be dropped immediately.



C.


Any


packet


destined


for


a


network


that


is


not


directly


connected


to


router


R2 will be dropped immediately because of the lack of a gateway on R1.



E. Any packet destined for a network that is not referenced in the routing


table of router R2 will be directed to R1. R1 will then send that packet


back to R2 and a routing loop will occur.



Answer: E



解释一下:在


R1


上产生了一个


OSPF


的缺省路由,出接口指定为


S0/0


,这条缺省路由



5

< br>类


LSA


的形式通告给了


R2< /p>


,于是


R2


上也有了一条标记为


O*E2 0.0.0.0/0


出接口



Serial0/0


的路由。


所以


R2


收 到任何路由表中没有的目的网段时,


就将指定给


R1

< p>



R1


根据缺省路由的 出接口又将数据包发往


R2


,这样就形成了一个路由的环路。< /p>



17. A network interface port has collision detection and carrier sensing


enabled


on


a


shared


twisted


pair


network.


From


this


statement,


what


is


known


about the network interface port?



A. This is a 10 Mb/s switch port.



B. This is a 100 Mb/s switch port.



C. This is an Ethernet port operating at half duplex.



D. This is an Ethernet port operating at full duplex.



E. This is a port on a network interface card in a PC.



Answer: C



解释一下:一个 接口有冲突检测和载波侦听,而且是使用双绞线的网络,那么对于


这个接口我们可以推测 出他是以太接口,而且是工作在半双工的模式下。



20. Refer to the topology and router configuration shown in the graphic.


A host on the LAN is accessing an FTP server across the Internet. Which of


the following addresses could appear as a source address for the packets


forwarded by the router to the destination server?



A.


10.10.0.1



B. 10.10.0.2



Answer: D



解释一下:这是个


NAT


地址转换的题目,在这


f0/0


接口连接下的为 私有的地址,这


些地址是不能同外网进行通讯的,这时就借助


N AT


,将内网的私有地址转换为可以


在公网上通讯的地址,我们 看到


NAT POOL


中定义的转换后的公有地址为到,则表


示这段地址是我转换后的内网全局地址,所以


HOST


想要穿过


INTERNET


访问


FTP


服务


器,则需要转换为公有地址到之内的地址, 在上面的答案中只有地址满足条件,所


以答案就是


D

< p>
了。



21. A company is installing IP phones. The phones and office computers


connect


to


the


same


device.


To


ensure


maximum


throughput


for


the


phone


data,


the company needs to make sure that the phone traffic is on a different


network from that of the office computer data traffic. What is the best


network device to which to directly connect the phones and computers, and


what technology should be implemented on this device? (Choose two.)



A. hub



B. router



C. switch



D. STP



E. subinterfaces



F. VLAN



Answer: CF



解释一下:公司的语音设备和办公的设备都连在相同的设 备上,还要确保语音的数


据流在不同与公司的办公的数据流量,最好的网络设备当然是交 换机了,然后利用


VLAN


的技术就完全可以满足所有的要求了 。



22. Refer to the exhibit. Which statement describes DLCI 17?



A. DLCI 17 describes the ISDN circuit between R2 and R3.



B. DLCI 17 describes a PVC on R2. It cannot be used on R3 or R1.



C. DLCI 17 is the Layer 2 address used by R2 to describe a PVC to R3.



D. DLCI 17 describes the dial-up circuit from R2 and R3 to the service


provider.



Answer: C



解释一下:


DLCI


是在


Frame-relay


中的描述二层信息的地址,他的地位等同于以太


网中的


MAC


地址。我们以


R2


上 的


DLCI 17


来看,


DLCI 1 7


描述的是:从这个接口出去


的目的地为


R3


的接口的这条


PVC


的二层的地 址为


17




23. Which routing protocol by default uses bandwidth and delay as metrics?



A. RIP



B. BGP



C. OSPF



D. EIGRP



Answer: D



解释一下:在我们的路由协议中使用复合度量的协议只有< /p>


IGP



EIGPR

,而他们在默


认的情况下是使用带宽和延时来计算度量的。



25. In the implementation of VLSM techniques on a network using a single


Class


C


IP


address,


which


subnet


mask


is


the


most


efficient


for


point-to-point serial links?



Answer: D



解释一下:在点到点的链路上因为只需要分配两个地址给两端就可以了,所以加上

网络地址和广播地址,这个网段也就只需要有


4


个地址了, 所以网络位需要匹配


30



,


掩码就为.



26. (Choose two.)



Answer: BE



解释一下:这个题其实就是考察的汇总的问题,他说的意思是


R 2


发送了一个汇总的


路由给


R1


,哪两个包文的目的地


R1


仍将转发给


R2


。这还是汇总的问题的一个反向的


考察, 根据


21


位的掩码位数可以推断在第


3


个八位字节的前


5


位是相同的,不同的 是


后面的


3


位,而将

< br>176


写成二进制的形式为


1011 0000


,所以可以看出来明细的路由


可以是


176-1 83


,所以在上面的答案中可以很容易看到答案


B



E


是我们的明细路由。



27. What will Switch-1 do with this data?



A. Switch-1 will drop the data because it does not have an entry for that


MAC address.



B. Switch-1 will flood the data out all of its ports except the port from


which the data originated.



C. Switch-1 will send an ARP request out all its ports except the port from


which the data originated.



D. Switch-1 will forward the data to its default gateway.



Answer: B



解释一下:首先


Switch 1


需要发送一个数据到


MAC


地址为的主 机,了解到目的地后,


就查看他的


MAC

地址表,然后发现在


MAC


地址表中没有这个


MAC


地址的条目存在。交


换机在收到未知的单播, 组播和广播时,都采用的是泛洪的方式,往除收到数据的


这个接口外的所有接口都发送。 所以在这儿,


Switch 1


也采取的上泛洪的方式。



28. wo routers named Atlanta and Brevard are connected by their serial


interfaces


as


shown


in


the


exhibit,


but


there


is


no


data


connectivity


between


them. The Atlanta router is known to have a correct configuration. Given


the


partial


configurations


shown


in


the


exhibit,


what


is


the


problem


on the


Brevard router that is causing the lack of connectivity?



A.


A


loopback is not set.



B. The IP address is incorrect.



C. The subnet mask is incorrect.



D. The serial line encapsulations are incompatible.



E. The maximum transmission unit (MTU) size is too large.



F. The bandwidth setting is incompatible with the connected interface.



Answer: B



解释一下:很明显的错误啊,两台路由器的串行接口的地址配置错误,不是在相同

的网段,从而导致了不能通讯。



29.


Which


two


values


are


used


by


Spanning


Tree


Protocol


to


elect


a


root


bridge?


(Choose two.)



A. amount of RAM



B. bridge priority



C. IOS version



D. IP address



E. MAC address



F. speed of the links



Answer: BE



解释一下:生 成树的选举的问题,根桥的选举是通过比较BID的,而BID由桥


优先级和MAC地址 组成的.所以在选根桥的时候需要比较的是桥优先级和MAC



address




30.



Refer


to


the


exhibit.


Which


switch


provides


the


spanning-tree


designated port role for the network segment that services the printers?



A.



Switch1


B. Switch2



C. Switch3



D. Switch4



Answer: C



解释一下:这是 个关于生成树选举的问题,我们首先需要找到根桥,而根桥的选举


是通过比较桥


ID



,


而且是越小越 优先,桥


ID


的组成为桥优先级和


MA C


地址。所以我


们通过上图可以找到根桥为

switch 1




然后在非根 桥上选出根端口,通过比较到根桥的花费来选举的,花费最小的就是根


端口。因为上图中 没有表示出链路的带宽,所以无法比较他们的花费。



下一步我 们来选举指派端口。每条链路都需要有一个


DP


,先是比较花费 ,如果花费


相同则比较


BID


(桥优先 级)


,仍是越小越优先,根据上图的表识,我们可以找到每


条链 路上的


DP


,而连


Printers< /p>


的链路上的


DP


就为

Switch 3


,因为他有更小的


MAC



址。



32. Refer to the exhibit. Why would the network administrator configure RA


in this manner?



A. to give students access to the Internet



B. to prevent students from accessing the command prompt of RA



C. to prevent administrators from accessing the console of RA



D. to give administrators access to the Internet



E. to prevent students from accessing the Internet



F. to prevent students from accessing the Admin network



Answer: B



解释一下:在这 儿,将ACL应用到VTY线路下,而且是IN的方向,表示凡是


被我的ACL允许的才 能


telnet


到我.在RA上配置的是


permit 10.1.1


根据隐式



deny any



允许A


dmin

< p>
的网段中的用户可以


telnet


到他,所以S< /p>


tudent


的网段中的用户是被拒


绝的 .



33. In order to allow the establishment of a Telnet session with a router,


which set of commands must be configured?



A. router(config)# line console 0



router(config-line)# enable password cisco



B. router(config)# line console 0



router(config-line)# enable secret cisco



router(config-line)# login



C. router(config)# line console 0



router(config-line)# password cisco



router(config-line)# login



D. router(config)# line vty 0



router(config-line)# enable password cisco



E. router(config)# line vty 0



router(config-line)# enable secret cisco



router(config-line)# login



F. router(config)# line vty 0



router(config- line)# password cisco



router(config-line)# login



Answer: F



解释一下:


telnet


是一个应用层的应用,他使用的是

vty


线路,而且在默认的情况


下,是需要访问的线路下设 有密码的。而在


VTY


线路下设置密码的命令为


passwork


string



,



VTY


线路下的另一个命 令


login


则是默认的,


可写也可不 写。


如果想


Telnet


时在


VTY


线路下不设置密码也可以访问这个线路,可以在该


VTY


线路下输入命令


no


login




34.



A. The Manchester serial address is 10.1.1.1.



B. The Manchester serial address is 10.1.1.2.



C. The London router is a Cisco 2610.



D. The Manchester router is a Cisco 2610.



E. The CDP information was received on port Serial0/0 of the Manchester


router.



F. The CDP information was sent by port Serial0/0 of the London router.



Answer: ACE



解释一下:CDP是CISCO私有的一个二层的协议 ,但是他却可以发现三层的


IP信息的.


通过CDP可以发现的 邻居的信息有:


设备的名称,


IP地址,


端口,


能力,平台,对端的


holddown time


.在上图的


show cdp entry *


命令的显示可以


看到的信息有:设备名称:L


ondon


;IP地址:


10.1.1.2

;平台:


cisco 2610



能力:


Router


;端口:


s0/< /p>


1;


holdtime


:125S.M< /p>


anchesteter


收到这个CD


P 信息的接口为


S0/0




综合一下,这个题目的答案就出来了.



35. A network administrator has configured two switches, named London and


Madrid,


to


use


VTP.


However,


the


switches


are


not


sharing


VTP


messages.


Given


the


command


output


shown


in


the


graphic,


why


are


these


switches


not


sharing


VTP messages?



A.


The


VTP version is not correctly configured.



B. The VTP operating mode is not correctly configured.



C. The VTP domain name is not correctly configured.



D. VTP pruning mode is disabled.



E. VTP V2 mode is disabled.



F. VTP traps generation is disabled.



Answer: C



解释一下:交换机间不能共享


VT P


的信息,我们就需要检查


VTP


的状 态,首先需要检


查的是


VTP


的域名, 只有同一个域中的才可能相互学习,再来检查


VTP


的模式,必 须


有一个


server


模式才能有


VTP


学习的过程的,默认的情况下


VTP


的模式为


Server


的。

< p>
然后我们检查图题目给出的信息,可以看到两台交换机的


VTP doma in


是不一致的,


所以这个就是问题的所在了。



36. Host 1 is trying to communicate with Host 2. The e0 interface on Router


C is down. Which of the following are true? (Choose two.)



A. Router C will use ICMP to inform Host 1 that Host 2 cannot be reached.



B. Router C will use ICMP to inform Router B that Host 2 cannot be reached.



C.


Router C


will


use


ICMP


to


inform


Host


1,


Router


A,


and Router


B


that


Host


2 cannot be reached.



D. Router C will send a Destination Unreachable message type.



E. Router C will send a Router Selection message type.



F. Router C will send a Source Quench message type.



Answer: AD



解释一下:连


Host 2


的接口


E0/0 down


了,那么 最直接的反映就发生在路由器


C


上,


C


的路由表中的这个条目就消失了,因此当


Host 1


想要跟


Host 2


建立连接的时候,


Router C


就发送一个目的网段不可达的消息;如果是使用


ping


命令, 那么


Router C


就使用


ICMP


的包文告诉


Host 1



Host 2


是不可打的。



37.



Refer to the exhibit. Assuming that the router is configured with the


default settings, what type of router interface is this?



A. Ethernet



B. FastEthernet



C. Gigabit Ethernet



D. asynchronous serial



E. synchronous serial



Answer: B



解释一下:这个题是需要根据图中提供的信息来判断接口的类型。可以看到接口的


MAC


地址,表示这个接口肯定不是串行接口,所以可以排除


D



E


的选项。看带宽


BW


100000 Kbit,


表示 的是


100M


的带宽,所以这是个


Fa st Ethernet


接口。



38. On point-to-point networks, OSPF hello packets are addressed to which


address?



Answer: E



解释一下:在


OSPF

< p>


Hello


包发向的是和这两个地址的。大家在 做


OSPF


实验的时候,


< p>
debug


命令是可以看到这两个个地址的。



troubleshooting a connectivity problem, a network administrator notices


that


a


port


status


LED


on


a


Cisco


Catalyst


series


switch


is


alternating


green


and amber. Which condition could this indicate?



A. The port is experiencing errors.



B. The port is administratively disabled.



C. The port is blocked by spanning tree.



D. The port has an active link with normal traffic activity.


Answer: A



解释一下:


CISCO


交换机的端口状态指示灯是闪烁的绿色和浅黄色,表示端 口有操


作的问题——也许是过量的错误或连接的问题。



40. Refer to the exhibit. The network shown in the exhibit is running the


RIPv2 routing protocol. The network has converged, and the routers in this


network are functioning properly. The FastEthernet0/0 interface on R1 goes


down. In which two ways will the routers in this network respond to this


change? (Choose two.)



B. Routers R2 and R3 mark the route as inaccessible and will not accept any


further routing updates from R1 until their hold-down timers expire.



E. R1 will send LSAs to R2 and R3 informing them of this change, and then


all


routers


will


send


periodic


updates


at


an


increased


rate


until


the


network


again converges.



Answer: CD



解释一下:这 涉及到


RIP


关于环路避免的几种机制了。在这里


R1


的直连的链路发生


了变化,立即触发更新(触发 更新)


,发送


flash update


出去,将这个条目置为


possible dow n


,设置最大跳数(路由毒性)



R2


收到这个


flash update


后 ,也回复


一个


flash update


包(毒性逆转)


,同时将这个条目也置为


possible down


,设置最


大跳数。



42. Which of the following describe the process identifier that is used to


run OSPF on a router? (Choose two.)



A. It is locally significant.



B. It is globally significant.



C. It is needed to identify a unique instance of an OSPF database.



D.


It


is an


optional


parameter


required


only


if


multiple


OSPF


processes


are


running on the router.



E. All routers in the same OSPF area must have the same process ID if they


are to exchange routing information.



Answer: AC


< p>
解释一下:


OSPF


的进程号只在本地有效。在一 台路由器上需要为每个进程维护各自



OSPF


数据库。



43. Refer to the exhibit. The FMJ manufacturing company is concerned about


unauthorized access to the Payroll Server. The Accounting1, CEO, Mgr1, and


Mgr2 workstations should be the only computers with access to the Payroll


Server.


What


two


technologies


should


be


implemented


to


help


prevent


unauthorized access to the server? (Choose two.)



A.


access lists



B. encrypted router passwords



C. STP



D. VLANs



E. VTP



F. wireless LANs



Answer: AD



解释一下:需 要控制只允许哪些组可以访问服务器,组中的哪些用户可以访问,使


用的技术当然有


ACL



VLAN


了。



44.



E. It uses the default administrative distance.



F.


It


is


a


route


that


would


be


used


last


if


other


routes


to


the


same


destination exist.



Answer: AE



解释一下:命 令是静态指定一条路由:通过接口可以到达网段。在这条命令后没有


指定管理距离,就表 示使用默认的管理距离,为


1.


45.


The


network


shown


in


the


diagram


is


experiencing


connectivity


problems.


Which of the following will correct the problems? (Choose two.)



A.


Configure the gateway on Host A as 10.1.1.1.



B. Configure the gateway on Host B as 10.1.2.254.



C. Configure the IP address of Host A as 10.1.2.2.



D. Configure the IP address of Host B as 10.1.2.2.



Answer: BD



解释一下:< /p>


主机


A


到他的指定网关的这条链路是没有 问题的,


因为


HOST


A

< p>


接口


VLAN1


和路由 器的


f0/


网段是相同的,且都是处于


VLAN 1


的。而


HOST B


的< /p>


VLAN2


到交换机是


没有相同的


VLAN


接口和他通讯的,所以


HOST B


发出的数据到交换机上就被丢弃了。


所以需要在交换机上指定 一个处于


VLAN 2


的接口,并将


S VI


地址配置为和路由器


POP



f0/


相同网段的地址。因为路由器的接口的地址分配的是网段


10.1.2.0/24


,所以


我们的


HOST B


的地址应该也分派一个的地址,并且网关也指定为路由 器


POP



f0/


地址。



46.


Which


three


statements


are


correct


about


RIP


version


2?


(Choose


three.)



A. It has the same maximum hop count as version 1.



B. It uses broadcasts for its routing updates.



C. It is a classless routing protocol.



D. It has a lower default administrative distance than RIP version 1.



E. It supports authentication.



F. It does not send the subnet mask in updates.



Answer: ACE



解释一下: 关于


RIPv2


,首先要了解他是一个无类的路由协议,在发送 路由更新的


时候是携带掩码的。



他的


metric


的计算方式和


RIPv1


的相同,仍然是根据跳数的,但是他的跳数范围扩


大了,


RIPv1


的为


16


跳,而


RIPv2


的为


255


跳。



RIPv1


是以 广播的形式发送更新的,在


RIPv2


中采用的是广播,地址为 。



RIPv2


是支持认证的,而在< /p>


RIPv1


中是没有这个功能的。



RIPv2


是可以关闭自动汇总的,而在


R IPv1


中是不能关闭的。



49. Refer to the exhibit. Router1 was just successfully rebooted. Identify


the current OSPF router ID for Router1.



Answer: C


解释一下:这是个关于

< br>OSPF



RID


的选举的问题 。在


OSPF


中,


RID


的选举过程是这样


的:如果通过命令


router- id


来指定一个


RID


,那么就采用 手工指定的这个


RID


;如


果没有手工 指定,则在可以使用的接口中来选举,他是优先采用回环口的,如果只


有一个回环口,就 采用这个回环口的


IP


作为


RID


,如果有多个回环口,就采用这多


个回环口中


IP


地址最大的作为


RID


;如果没 有回环口,就采用物理接口中


IP


地址最


大的接口


IP


作为


RID

< p>


在上面的图中可以看到有两个回环口,



Loopback1



IP

< br>更大,


所以就做为


RID


了。< /p>



51.


What


can


a


network


administrator


utilize


by


using


PPP


Layer


2


encapsulation? (Choose three.)



A. VLAN support



B. compression



C. authentication



D. sliding windows



E. multilink support



F. quality of service



Answer: BCE



解释一下:


PPP


协议是能支持认证的,包括


PA P



CHAP



PPP


还支持压缩功能和差错


校验,还可实现多链路捆绑。而 他们的这些功能都是


HDLC


所没有的。



52.


Refer


to


the


exhibit.


What


is


the


meaning


of


the


term


dynamic


as


displayed


in the output of the show frame-relay map command shown?



A.


The


Serial0/0 interface is passing traffic.



B. The DLCI 100 was dynamically allocated by the router.



D. The DLCI


100


will


be


dynamically


changed as


required


to


adapt


to


changes


in the Frame Relay cloud.



Answer: E



解释一下:这是个关于


MAP


的知识。 在图中可以看到这个


MAP



dyna mic


的,因此是


通过


inverse ARP


学习到的。而表示的是


DLCI 100


映射的地址为。就像是以太网中



MAC



IP


的映射一样,通过


D LCI100


可以找到。



53.


What


is


the


function


of


the


Cisco


IOS


command


ip


nat


inside


source


static


10.1.1



A. It creates a global address pool for all outside NAT transactions.



B. It establishes a dynamic address pool for an inside static address.



C.


It


creates


dynamic


source


translations


for


all


inside


local


PAT


transactions.



D. It creates a one-to-one mapping between an inside local address and an


inside global address.



E.


It


maps


one


inside


source


address


to


a


range


of


outside


global


addresses.



Answer: D



解释一下:


ip nat inside source static 10.1.1


这条命令是静态创建一个一对一


的 地址转换。他把内部本地地址转换为全局地址。



55. Refer to the exhibit. When PC1 sends an ARP request for the MAC address


of PC2, network performance slows dramatically, and the switches detect an


unusually high number of broadcast frames. What is the most likely cause


of this?



A. The portfast feature is not enabled on all switch ports.



B. The PCs are in two different VLANs.



C. Spanning Tree Protocol is not running on the switches.



D. PC2 is down and is not able to respond to the request.



E. The VTP versions running on the two switches do not match.



Answer: C



解释一下:


PC1


发出一个


ARP request


的数据报,并且是以广播的形式发送出去的。

< br>当


ARP


报文传到


switch 2


,交换机对广播的流量是以泛洪的形式处理的,报文就从


除了 连接


PC1


的接口外的所有接口都发出去了。

< br>Switch1


收到广播后也泛洪,因此一


个广播环路就 产生了,所以在感觉网络性能很差,因为广播的流量占有了很大的带


宽。而我们阻断二层 环路是通过生成树来实现的,在图中有环路存在因此就说明没


有运行生成树了。



56.



A. The PC has connectivity with a local host.



B. The PC has connectivity with a Layer 3 device.



C. The PC has a default gateway correctly configured.



D. The PC has connectivity up to Layer 5 of the OSI model.



E. The PC has the TCP/IP protocol stack correctly installed.



Answer: E



解释一下:地址 是一个私有的保留地址段,他是一个回环的地址,一般用于测试,


测试

< br>TCP/IP


协议栈是否起来了。在一台


PC

< p>
上能


ping


通说明这个


PC



TCP/IP


协议栈


是正确安装的。



59.


Refer


to


the


exhibit.


The


network


administrator


requires


easy


configuration


options


and


minimal


routing


protocol


traffic.


What


two


options


provide adequate routing table information for traffic that passes between


the two routers and satisfy the requests of the network administrator?


(Choose two.)



A.


a


dynamic


routing


protocol


on


InternetRouter


to


advertise


all


routes


to


CentralRouter.



B. a dynamic routing protocol on InternetRouter to advertise summarized


routes to CentralRouter.



D. a dynamic routing protocol on CentralRouter to advertise all routes to


InternetRouter.



E. a dynamic routing protocol on CentralRouter to advertise summarized


routes to InternetRouter.



F.


a


static,


default


route


on


CentralRouter


that


directs


traffic


to


InternetRouter.



Answer: CF










< br>个




,internetRo uter



访












CentralRouter.


所以只需要在


InternetRouter


上配置一条通过


Centra lRouter


到达


的网段就可以了。同样内网要访问外部,也 只能通过路由器


InternetRouter


才能到


达,所以也可以在


CentralRouter


上配置一条缺省路由到外部。



are


some


of


the


advantages


of


using


a


router


to


segment


the


network?


(Choose


two.)



A. Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information.



B. Broadcasts are eliminated.



C. Routers generally cost less than switches.



D. Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router.



E. Adding a router to the network decreases latency.



Answer: AD



解释一下:



这里问的是用路由器来分 割一个网络的好处是什么。路由器是工作在三层的设备,


因此我们可以基于三层的信息来 实现过滤;而且大家知道路由器是可以过滤广播


的。这些应该就都是他分割一个网络的好 处了。要注意路由器只是能阻断广播,让


他不能从一个域中传播到另一个域中,他是没办 法消除广播的。



61. Refer to the exhibit. What is the meaning of the output MTU 1500 bytes?



A.


The


maximum


number


of


bytes


that


can


traverse


this


interface


per


second


is


1500.



B.


The


minimum


segment


size


that


can


traverse


this


interface


is


1500


bytes.



C.


The


maximum


segment


size


that


can


traverse


this


interface


is


1500


bytes.



D. The minimum packet size that can traverse this interface is 1500 bytes.



E. The maximum packet size that can traverse this interface is 1500 bytes.



F. The maximum frame size that can traverse this interface is 1500 bytes.



Answer: E



解释一下:


MTU


是最小传输单元的意思,表示在这个接口上传输的最大字节为


1500



如果超过这个值,包就需要 被分片。



62. There are no boot system commands in a router configuration in NVRAM.


What


is


the


fallback


sequence


that


the


router


will


use


to


find


an


IOS


during


reload?



A. TFTP server, Flash, NVRAM



B. ROM, NVRAM, TFTP server



C. NVRAM, TFTP server, ROM



D. Flash, TFTP server, ROM



E. Flash, NVRAM, ROM



Answer: D



解释一下:这个问的是路由器寻找


IOS


的过程。



1

< br>.路由器在


POST


后,先查看寄存器的值,这个值是一 组


4


个十六进制的数字,而其


中的最后 的一位影响启动的过程。



2


.在


NVRAM


的配置文件中查看


boot s ystem


命令,这个命令告诉引导程序在哪里寻


< p>
IOS


。在这个题中说没有


boot syste m


的命令保存在


NVRAM


中。所以这 步跳过。



3


.如果在


NVRAM


的配置文件中没有找到


boot syst em


命令,引导程序使用


flash


中 所


找到的第一个有效的


IOS


镜像。< /p>



4



如果


flash


中没有有效的


IOS

< p>
镜像,


引导程序将生成一个


TFTP


本地广播以定位


TFTP


服务器。

< br>


5


.如果没有找到


TFTP< /p>


服务器,引导程序将加载


ROM


中的迷你


IOS



RXBOOT


模式)



6


. 如果


ROM


中有迷你


IOS

< p>
,那么迷你


IOS


在随后加载并且进入

< p>
RXBOOT


模式;否则路由


器不是重新试图寻找


IOS


镜像,就是加载


ROMMON< /p>


并且进入


ROM Monitor


模式。



这样看,答案就很明显了。



which circumstance are multiple copies of the same unicast frame likely


to be transmitted in a switched LAN?



A. during high traffic periods



B. after broken links are re- established



C. when upper- layer protocols require high reliability



D. in an improperly implemented redundant topology



E. when a dual ring topology is in use



Answer: D



解释一下:在一个


LAN


中有若干的单播帧的拷贝。 在一般来说我们的每个单播帧都


是只有一个目的地,从而从一个相关接口发送出去就可。 如果有若干个单播帧的拷


贝就表示我的交换机上同这个目的地址绑定的接口有多个,而这 些都应该是不必要


的。因为我到一个目的地从一条路走就可以了,如果出现了多条路,那 么就应该是


做冗余的,可是不正确的配置可能导致我的


LAN< /p>


中产生环路,从而形成在


LAN


中有同< /p>


一个帧的多个拷贝。



of the following describe private IP addresses? (Choose two.)



A. addresses chosen by a company to communicate with the Internet



B. addresses that cannot be routed through the public Internet



C. addresses that can be routed through the public Internet



D. a scheme to conserve public addresses



E.


addresses


licensed


to


enterprises


or


ISPs


by


an


Internet


registry


organization



Answer: BD



解释一下:私 有


IP


地址是不能在公网上传递的。他只能在一个单独的区域中 使用,


如果一个使用私有地址的设备需要同外网通讯,可以通过


NAT


将这个私有地址转换


为公有地址,这样也可以达到隐藏地 址的目的。外网知道的只能是你通过


NAT


转换


后的公有地址,而无法知道你的正在使用的那个私有地址的。



to


the


exhibit.


A


network


administrator


is


adding


two


new


hosts


to


SwitchA.


Which three values could be used for the configuration of these hosts?


(Choose three.)



Answer: ACF



解释一下: 我们可以看路由器上的子接口的配置:接口


fa0/


封装了


trunk


并被划分



vlan 10

< p>
中,接口


fa0/


封装了


trunk


并被划分到


vlan 20


中了。接下来我们来看交


换机上的接口的


vlan


分配:和


host


A


相连 的接口


f0/6


划分到了


vlan


10


,而和


host


B


相连的接口


f0/9


划分到 了


vlan 20


。因为只有相同


vl an


中数据才可以通讯,所以我


们应该将


host A


的地址和


f0/


的配置 一样的网段,而将


host B


的地址和


f0/


配置一样


的网段。并且因为主机是没有路由的功能的, 我们需要给他们指定网关,而他们的


网关地址应该是相应


VLA N


中的路由器的子接口的地址。



所以,


host A


的地址为(除了)的地址,并且默认的网关的地址为。



Host B


的地址为除了的地址,并且默认的网关地址为


..




of


the


following


statements


are


true


regarding


bridges


and


switches?


(Choose 3.)



A. Switches are primarily software based while bridges are hardware based.



B. Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts.



C. Bridges are frequently faster than switches.



D. Switches have a higher number of ports than most bridges.



E.


Bridges


define


broadcast


domains


while


switches


define


collision


domains.



F. Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2


addresses.



Answer: BDF



解释一下: 这问到的是关于网桥和交换机的异同。首先要知道网桥和交换机都是工


作在二层的因此都 是基于


MAC


地址进行转发的。因此就工作基层来说,我们可以 说


交换机是多端口的网桥,因为交换机的端口比网桥多。



69.



Answer: A



解释一下:当到达同一个目的地有多种路径选择的时候,先 在各自路径通过比较


metric


来选出各种路径的最优的,然 后通过比较


AD



< br>来选出各种路径中的最优的


来。例如,到网段我收到了


E IGRP


的传过来的,也收到


OSPF


传过来的,这时我们先


通过


metric


值,选出


successor


来,然后再通过比较

< p>
EIGRP



OSPF



AD


来选出最优的


路径。在

< p>
AD


值中直连的


AD


值为


0



metric 0


。当然是这个路由是最可靠最优的了。



three


Layer


2


encapsulation


types


would


be


used


on


a


WAN


rather


than


a


LAN?


(Choose three.)



A. HDLC



B. Ethernet



C. Token Ring



D. PPP



E. FDDI



F. Frame Relay



Answer: ADF



解释一下: 连接到


WAN


,有三种连接方式:专线连接,电路交换和包交换 。



专线使用同步串行线,他的二层的封装协议常用的有:


HDLC



PPP




电路交换使用同步串行线,他使用的二层的封装协议有:< /p>


HDLC



PPP



包交换使用的是虚电路(


VC


)< /p>


,而


VC


又分为


PVC


(永久虚电路)和


SVC


(交换 虚电路)



他使用的二层的封装协议有:



Frame-relay



AT M




can be determined from the router output shown in the graphic?



B. The output shows that there are three default routes.



C. The output came from router R2.



D. The output came from a router that has four physical interfaces.



E. EIGRP is in use in this network.



Answer: E



解释一下:简单点就是,因为在路由标记上有一个


D


,表示这条路由是从


EIGRP


学到


的,所以肯定是有


EIGRP

< br>运行在网络中的。



接下来我们来仔细看每一条的输出


:



从是直连


lo0


口的,可以推断出这个 信息是


R1


上的信息。



:表示这是一条汇总的


EIGRP


的路由。



S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, serial1


:表示这是一条缺省 的路由,出


接口为


serial




这样应该就很明白了。



will a switch never learn a broadcast address?



A. Broadcasts only use network layer addressing.



B. A broadcast frame is never forwarded by a switch.



C. A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame.



D. Broadcast addresses use an incorrect format for the switching table.



E. Broadcast frames are never sent to switches.



Answer: C



解释一下:首先我们了解了交换机是通过源


MAC


地 址学习的,他将收到的帧的源


MAC


地址和这个收到的这个接口 进行绑定,形成一个条目放入


MAC


地址表中。而我们的


广播地址是永远不可能成为源


MAC


地址的, 所以交换机当然不能学习广播的


MAC


地址

了。



74.


Refer to


the


graphic.


Host


A has established a


connection


with the HTTP


server attached to interface E0 of the xyz router. Which of the following


statements describe the information contained in protocol data units sent


from host A to this server? (Choose three.)



A. The destination port number in a segment header will have a value of 80.



B. The destination port


number


in


a


segment header


will


have


a


unique


value


greater than or equal to 1023.



C. The destination address of a frame will be the MAC address of the HTTP


server interface.



D. The destination address of a frame will be the MAC address of the E0


interface of the abc router.



E. The destination IP address of a packet will be the IP address of the E0


interface of the abc router.



F.


The


destination


IP


address


of


a


packet


will


be


the


IP


address


of


the


network


interface of the HTTP server.



Answer: ADF



解释一下:


host A


想要连接


http



server,


首先我们知道


HTTP


的端口号为知名的端

< p>


80



IP

< p>
地址当然是


http server


连接到


Router XYZ


e0


口的


IP

< br>地址了。由于路由


器上默认情况下代理


ARP

< p>
是开启的,所以一有


ARP


查询

< br>MAC


地址的,路由器一看这个


路由我知道该怎么到达, 他就会用自己的


MAC


地址作为


ARP


的应答发送回去,所以


Host A


发 送的数据包的目的


MAC


地址为


Rou ter XYZ



E0


口的

< p>
MAC


地址。



are two reasons a network administrator would use CDP? (Choose two.)



A. to verify the type of cable interconnecting two devices



B. to determine the status of network services on a remote device



C. to obtain VLAN information from directly connected switches



D. to verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails



E. to obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the


device



F.


to


determine


the


status


of


the


routing


protocols


between


directly


connected routers



Answer: DE



解释一下:< /p>


CDP


是一个二层的协议,因此可以检测二层的连通性,而且还可 以检测


到三层的


IP


地址。因此如果我 们的链路出现了故障,我们可以通过


CDP


来检测是否


是二层出现了故障。同时也可以查看到邻居设备的


IP

< br>地址,来实现


telnet


的应用。


is the purpose of the command shown below?



vtp password Fl0r1da



A. It is used to validate the sources of VTP advertisements sent between

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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