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50
个常见的英语同义词组（一）
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50
个常见的英语同义词组（二）
在学习英语词汇中，
有时同义词的辨析是很不容易的，
我们一般从
三方面
进行区分，即：
语法
、
语义
和
文体
。
语法
主要是词性、搭配、句式等
的区分；
语义
主要是词义的本义、引申义、比喻义和内涵和外延等的区分；
文体
主要是正式和非正式、褒义
和贬义等的区分。下面是笔者整理
的
50
组同义词。
1.
路
2.
时代
3.
战斗
4.
牧师
5.
服装
6.
哭
7.
美丽
,
漂亮
8.
拉
,
拖
9.
旋转
10.
生气
,
气愤
11.
错误
12.
图画
13.
特别的
14.
取消
,
消灭
15.
破碎
16.
环境
,
形势
17.
著名的
18.
强盗
19.
摇动
,
颤动
20.
说话
,
谈话
21.
事情
,
事件
22.
承认
23.
走路
24.
跳
25.
特点
,
特征
1.
路
way: Wherever there is room for an
object to proceed, there is a
way.
road: A road is a prepared way for
traveling with horses or
vehicles.
path:
A way suitable to be traveled only by foot
passengers or by
animals.
route: A route is a line of travel,
and may be over many roads.
street: A street is in some centre of habitation,
as a city town or
village, when it
passes between houses of dwellings.
avenue: A avenue is a long, broad and
imposing(
壮严
) or
principal street.
2.
时代
(
期
) (
时期
)
period: It indicates any passage of
time, great or small. /an extent
of
time of any length.
(
时代
)
time(s): It refers to a period in
history. in ancient times/ in Victoria
time
(
新时代
)
epoch: It indicates a long period of time marked
by events or
development of a
particular kind.
The first
flight into space marked a new epoch in the
history of
mankind.
(
纪元
)
era: It refers to a very long period
of time marked by a particular
feature
in a great new era of world revolution
(
时期
)
age: It shows a particular /a fairly
definite period in history. the
Bronze
Age, Iron Age
3.
战斗
(
打仗
)
fight: It is a bodily struggle
(
奋斗
斗争
)
struggle: An effort of any kind to overcome
difficulty.
(
战斗
) battle: A fight between
armed forces.
(
战役
) campaign: A series of
related military operations in a war.
(
战争
) war: A
period of fight between countries or states
when
weapons are used and
many people are killed.
(
对抗
) combat: A fight,
conflict, controversy.
4.
牧师
(
教士
牧师
)
priest: A person, esp. a man specially trained for
various religious
duties and
ceremonies, in the
Christian church,
esp. in the Roman
Catholic church
(
牧师
)
minister: A member of clergy, esp. Protestant
churches.
(
牧师
) clergy(pl): The
officially appointed leader of the
religious activities of a particular
church or temple.
clergyman: clergymen(pl) a member of
clergy.
(
牧师
) pastor: A Christian
religious leader in charge of a
church
and its members, esp. in a Protestant church.
(
教区牧师
) vicar: A priest in
charge of an area(parish) in the church
of England.
father: A little of respect for a priest, esp. in
the Roman Catholic.
5.
服装
clothing(collect): (fml) General term
of clothes.
clothes(no
single): Coverings of the body such as coats,
dresses, suits, shoes,
hats.
garment(fl): A suit
of clothes used by actors./a single article of
clothing.
costume: 1) The fashion of dress peculiar to a
people,
nation,
class,
period, etc.
2) A dress
worn by actors in a play. uniform: worn by all
members
of the community.
dress: 1) A kind of outer garment worn
by women (
连衣裙
).
2) worn on special occasions
(
礼服
) evening dress/ morning
dress
suit: A
set of outer clothes to be worn together. evening
suit/swimming suit
coat: A garment with sleeves worn on
top of other clothes from rain,
heat,
etc.
overcoat: A warn coat
worn in the street.
6.
哭
cry: The most general one.
(
哭泣
) weep: To
let flow tears.
(
抽泣
抽嗒
) sob: To weep or sigh
with short quick breaths.
(
哭天抹泪
涕泪交流
) snivel: To sniffle and
cry in a irritating
manner.
(
哭嚎
又哭又闹
) blubber: To cry loudly
noisily.
(
发出低声报怨声
) whine: To make a
low complaining cry.
(
嚎哭
) bawl: To utter loud
cries (always in bad sense).
(
痛哭
) wail: To
cry aloud from pain or sorrow.
(
呻吟
) moan: To
make a low, miserable sound in pain or
sorrow.
(
呻吟
) grown: To make a low
sound of pain, unhappiness or
disapproval
(
哀悼
) mourn: To feel or show
sadness or sorrow for someone who
has
died.
(
哀悼
) lament: To express
great sorrow or regret.
7.
美丽
漂亮
good-looking: Having an attractive appearance in a
strong, healthy
way used for men and
women not things.
beautiful: ( a woman or a thing) Suggesting
symmetry of features
or perfection of
proportion, elegance and mobility. beautiful
flowers,
a beautiful
girl/voice/city/face beautiful weather.
handsome: Of attractive
appearance applies to men. a handsome
fellow/actor/horse/buildings/young man.
pretty: (a girl, or a
small thing) Suggesting liveliness and
sweetness, pleasing or nice to look at.
a pretty little woman/garden,
a pretty
girl/ picture/piece of music,
lovely: (something) So beautiful that
it makes you feel good to look
at it or
even to think about it. The garden looks lovely.
fair: Beautiful( of woman
in poet) light in color esp., skin hair.
gorgeous: (persons or
things) (inf) Extremely beautiful or
handsome.
8.
拉
拖
pull: The most general one.
draw: It implies a smoother, steadier
motion and generally a lighter
force
than pull.
drag: It
usually refers to horizontal motion or motion up
an incline
(slope) and it suggests
laborious efforts over rough ground or
against friction, resistance or
gravity.
The escaped
prisoner was dragged out of his hiding place.
haul: It implies
continuous pulling or dragging of heavy or bulky
objects.
The
fisherman is hauling a net.
tug: It applies to hard often sudden
violent effort to pull.
He tugged at my sleeve to ask directions.
jerk: To pull suddenly.
He jerked out the knife
that was stuck in the wound.
tow: To pull by a rope or chain. We
towed the car to the nearest
garage.
wrench: To pull hard with
a twisting or turning movement.
9.
旋转
turn: The
most general one.
(
自转
) spin: To
turn quickly around a central point.
It emphasizes the continuity of the
action, and usually the narrow
extent
of the circular motion.
The wheel is spinning on its axis.
(
急转
) whirl: To
round very fast.
It
implies the lock of conscious control.
The leaves whirl in the wind in the
yard.
(
转动
) rotate: To turn round a
fixed point with a circular movement.
The earth rotates once every 24 hours.
(
绕转
)
revolve: To turn or move in a circle around a
central point.
It
indicates circular or elliptical
(
椭圆
) movement.
The planets revolve around the sun.
10.
生气
气愤
anger: The most general one.
(
易怒
) be cross:
Feeling easy to get angry.
(
愤慨
) indignation: (fml)
Anger.
It stresses
righteous anger at what one considers unfair, mean
or
shameful.
We
expressed our indignation at the ruthless
exploitation.
(
愤怒
) wrath: Very treat
anger. (literary)
It
suggests a desire on intent to revenge or punish.
(
狂怒
)
rage: Wild, violent anger.
It suggests loss of self- control from violence of
emotion. in a rage
/to fall into a
rage.
(
暴怒
) fury: Violent, extreme
and destructive anger.
She
flew into a fury.
11.
错误
(
误会
) mistake: A
wrong thought, act. It implies
carelessness Anyone can make a mistake.
(
过错
弱点
) fault: A bad point, but
not of a serious moral kind. It
refers
to behavior and character. His only fault is that
he lacks
ambition.
find fault with sb / at fault
shortcoming: Weakness, failing
It refers to failures or deficiencies
in things as well as people.
In spite of all her shortcomings I
still think she's one of the best
teachers in the school.
(
疏忽
) error: A
mistake (formal sometimes literary)
It implies deviation from a standard
or model
The accident was
caused by human error.
(
缺点
毛病
) defect: sth lacking or
imperfect.
It refers to
quality.
The radio was
returned because of a defect.
(
失误
过失
) blunder: A very stupid
or unnecessary mistake.
It
implies ignorance.
This is
the fatal blunder of his life.
12.
图画
picture: The most general one.
(
彩图
)
painting: pictures with color.
(
绘画
图画
) drawing: A picture made
with a pen, pencil and crayon.
Sketch,
diagrams and graphs are all drawings.
(
草图
) sketch: A
rough not detailed drawing.
(
图解
图表
) diagram: A drawing,
figure that shows the
arrangement of
something.
(
曲线图
) graph: A diagram in
which a straight line, curved, or
zigzag line shows how two sets of
numbers or measurements are
related.
(
插图
)
illustration: A picture to go with words of a
book.
(
图样
草图
) draft: The first rough
written form of anything.
(
平面图
) plan: A
line drawing of a building as it might been seen
from above.
(
主视图
) elevation: A flat
upright side of a building.
(
海图
) chart: A
map esp. a detailed map of a sea area.
13.
特别
(
专门的
,
与众不同的
) special: Different
in some way from what is
common,
ordinary, or usual.
It
stresses having a quality, character, identity, or
use of its own.
The tube
contains special gases.
(
特别的
) especial: (fml) To an
usually great degree, exceptional
It emphasizes the importance of the
things or the persons
mentioned
This is a matter of
especial importance.
(
各别的
) particular: Relating
or belonging to only one thing or
person.
It
stresses the distinctness of something as an
individual which is
worth notice. In
that particular case, the rule doesn't
hold.(
适用
)
(
特种的
) specific:
Detailed and exact, clear in meaning and
explanation,
fixed,
determined.(used in scientific
articles)
It implies a
quality or character distinguishing a kind or a
species.
He gave me a very
specific instruction. There is a specific tool for
each job.
(
独特的
) peculiar: Strange or
perhaps unpleasant.
It
implies strangeness. He has a peculiar way of
speaking.
14.
取消
消灭
(
取消
解除
) cancel: To give up, to
declare something is to be
effective.
He has cancelled his leave
of absence.(
消假
)
(
废除
废止
) abolish: To do away
with. It refers to practices, social
institutions. Bad customs should be
abolished.
(
消灭
排除
) eliminate: To get rid
of.
We should eliminate
the false and retain the true.
(
撤消
废除
) repeal: To bring to an
end of the effect of a law or an
order.
Some laws should be repealed.
(
根除
消灭
) exterminate: To destroy
completely and wholly.
Colonialism must be exterminated.
15.
破碎
break: The most general one.
(
压碎
压破
) crush: To press together
violently as to break, to
destroy its
shape by squeezing it. It suggests the effect of
great
external pressure.
The tree fell on top of the car and
crushed it.
(
打碎
) smash: To break
thoroughly to pieces with a crushing
sound.
She
dropped the plate and smashed it.
(
打裂
) crack: To
break without separation of parts.
It suggests the breaking out across a
surface.
He cracked the
window by leaning against it.
(
破裂
)
burst: To break open by pressure from
within.
The fireworks
burst while they were in the air.
(
砸碎
破碎
) shatter: To break into
pieces.
It suggests the
breaking up of a thin surface.
The glass was shattered to pieces.
(
撞坏
)
crash: To refer to the vehicle which hits
something and is
badly
damaged.
16.
环境
形势
(
环境
形势
) conditions: The location
and other factors likely to
affect it. It suggests something that has stayed
the same for
some time
and which affects daily life such as food, work,
and
houses.
We
are now studying the economic conditions in the
developing
countries.
(
形势
) situation:
A position or state at a particular time, set of
conditions, facts, and events having an
effect on a person, society,
etc.
It
suggests more general matters such as government
planning
and finance.
The political situation in these
countries are always changing.
(
环境
周围
外界
)
environment: The circumstances, things and
conditions that influence you. It
refers to spirit aspect, physical
aspect and
material aspect. We must try to beautify our
environment.
(
形势
情况
) circumstance(s): A
situation or event around us, a
certain
kind of atmosphere, the conditions
that affect
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