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沪教版八年级英语上册知识点笔记最全整理带例句和短语

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-09 07:48
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2021年2月9日发(作者:成熟英文)


U1P1



1:


辅音 字母加


y


结尾的可数名词,


y



i



es

< p>
转换复数



(


转复数


)hobby- hobbies


(


转复数


)library- libraries


(


转复数


)story- stories


元音字母加


y


结尾的 可数名词,直接加


s


(


转复数


)boy-boys


(


转复数


)toy-toys


(


转复数


)monkey- monkeys



2:


< p>
o


结尾无生命,复数加


s



(


转复数


)photo-photos


(


转复数


)radio-radios


(


转复数


)kilo-kilos < /p>



o


结尾有生命,复数加


es



(


转复数


)tomato- tomatoes


(


转复数


)potato- potatoes


(


转复数


)hero-heroes



3:


打招呼


,


问候


(v)



greet


招呼


,


问候

< p>
(n)



greeting



4:


发动机


,


引擎


(n)



engine


工程师


(n)



engineer


例句:我的理想是成为一名工程师。


My ambition is to be an engineer



5:


拥有


(v)



own


拥有者


(n)



owner


例句:杰克拥有一辆汽车。


Jack owns a car


例句:他是这辆车的拥有者。


He is the owner of the car



6:

< br>物理


(n)



physics


物理的


(adj)


< br>physical


短语:物理的变化。


a physical change


短语:体育(全称)



physical education


短语:物理老师。


physics teacher


短语:教我们物理。


teach us physics



7:


签名


( v)



sign


签名


(n)



signature



8:n


(变成


adj



:加


y


adj


(变


adj

< p>


rain-rainy


(变

< br>adj



sun-sunny


(变


adj



cloud- cloudy


(变


adj



wind-windy


(变


adj

< p>


snow-snowy


(变

< br>adj



fog-foggy


(变


adj



friend- friendly


(变


adj



love-lovely



9:


可能的


(adj)



p robable


可能


,


大概


(adv)



probably


可能的


(adj)



pos sible


可能


,


大概


(adv)



possibly


adj- adv


(第一种方法)


:直接加


ly


adj-adv


(第一种方法)


:变< /p>


y



i


再加


ly


adj-adv


(第一种方法)



le



e


再加


y


(变


adv



polite-politely


(变


adv



quick- quickly


(变


adv



happy-happliy


(变


adv< /p>



terrible-terribly


(变


adv



possible- possibly


(变


adv



probable-probably


(变


adv



heavy-heavily

(变


adv



gentle- gently



10:


高的


(adj)



high


高度


(n)



height


称重


(v)



wei gh


重量


(n)


< br>weight


长的


(adj)



long


长度


(n)



length


有力的


( adj)



strong


力量


(n)



strength


宽的


(adj)



wide


宽度


(n)



width



U1P2



1:


喜欢做某事(


3


个 动词)



like/love/enjoy doing sth


变成


doing


形式(第一点 )


:加


ing


变成

< br>doing


形式(第二点)


:去不发音

< br>e



ing


变成


doing


形式(第三点)



(辅元辅)双写结尾字母加


ing


(变

doing



ski-skiing

(变


doing



dance- dancing


(变


doing


)< /p>


write-writing


(变


do ing



swim-swimming


(变


doing



run- runing


(变


doing



shop-shopping



2:


喜欢做某事(第一种形式)



be keen on


喜欢做某事(第二种形式)



be interested in doing sth


喜欢做某事(第三种形式)



be fond of



3:


想要做某事(


would


形式)


< br>would like to do sth


想要做某事(

want


形式)



want to do sth


//would


为情态动词,可以直接加


not


,构成否定


wouldn't


//want


有人称和时态变化,


would


没有



例句:


kitty


不想成为一名教师(


would

形式)



kitty would not like to be a teacher


例句:


kitty


不想成为一名教师(


want


形式)

< p>


kitty doesn't want to be a teacher



4:


我的爱好是做某事:


my hobby is doing sth


做某事是我的爱好:


doing sth is my hobby


主语


+is+to do sth



我的爱好是做某事(


todo




my hobby is to do sth


我的志向是做某事(


todo




my ambition is to do sth < /p>


我的职业是做某事(


todo




my job is to do sth


我的期望是做某事(


todo




my wish is to do sth


例句:我的爱好是下国际象棋。


My hobby is to play chess



5:


送信件和包裹。


deliver letters and parcels


例句:一个邮递员的职业是送信件和包裹。


A postman's job is to deliver letters and parcels



6:


拥有


( v)


(两种)



own = have


短语:谁拥有什么。


one's own sth


短语:独自(两种)



on one's own = by oneself



7:


对某人友善(两种)



be friendly to sb = be kind to sb



8:


短语:叫


...+


名字:


call sb +


名称


< p>
例句:叫我


Jon



ca ll me Jon


打电话给某人(第一种形式)



call sb


打电话给某人(第一种形式)



phone sb


打电话给某人(第一种形式)

< p>


ring sb


被叫作:


sb called +


名称



例句:一个被叫做

< p>
Jon


的男孩。


A boy called Jon


短语:号召某人做某事。


call on sb to do sth


例句:我们新班级的老师总是号召我们为了更好的将来而更努力地学习。


Our new class teacher


always calls on us to work harder for a better future



9:


返回(两种)

< br>:


come back = return



10:play


后加(第一种形式)



play +


球类运动



play


后加(第二种形式)



pl ay chess


play


后加(第三种形式)



play +the +


乐器



钢琴:


piano


小提琴:


violin


吉他:


guitar



11:


在上学:


at school


在工作:


at work


在读大学:


at university



12:


希望做某事:


hope to do sth


希望某人将


/


能做某事 :


hope (that) sb will/can do sth


例句:我希望你将尽快给我写信。


I hope you will write to me soon.



13:< /p>


告诉某人关于某人


/


某物:


tell sb about sb / sth


例句:告诉我父母关于我的校园生活。


Tell my parents my school life



14:< /p>


与某人共用


/


分享某物。


share sth with sb


例句:与我们分享幸福。


Share happiness with us



15:


写信给某人:


write (a letter) to sb


收到某人来信(两种)



receive/get a letter from sb = hear from sb



16:


...


期间


(prep)



during


短语:在暑假期间。


during summer holidays


短语:在我停留在上海期间。


during my stay in Shanghai



17:


可能


,


大概


(adv)


(两种)


(用于句首)



maybe = perhaps


//maybe



perhaps


常用于


句首



可能


,


大概


(adv)


(两种)


(用于句中)



probably = possibly


// probably



possibly


常用于


句中



例句:

< br>kitty


可能成为一名医生(


maybe




Maybe kitty will be a doctor


例句:


kitty


可能 成为一名医生(


possibly




Kitty will possibly be a doctor



18:



. ..


中间:


in the middle of



...


中心:


in the centre of



...


东边:


in the east of


< br>...


西边:


in the west of



...


南边:


in the south of



...


北边:


in the north of


< br>...


右边:


on the right of



...


左边:


on the left of



...


( 外部)的前面:


in front of


< br>...


(内部)的前面:


in the front of


例句:教室前面有很多树。


There are many trees in front of the classroom


例句:教室里的前面有一个讲台。


There is a teaching desk in the front of the classroom



19:



. ..


近(两种)



be close to = near


附近的


(adj)



nearby


附近的


(adv)



nearby


例句:我妈妈在附近的一所学校工作。


My mum works in a nearby school


例句:我妈妈工作在一所学校附近。


My mun works in a school nearby



20:

< p>


A



B



from A to B


//


A



B



AB


为人,


AB

为地点,用


How far


提问。


AB


为时间,用


How long


提问




21:


德国人:


German


德国人(复数)



Germans


短语:说德语。


speak German



22:


想到:


think of


例句:春天令你想到了什么?


What does spring make you think of?


考虑做某事(两种)



think about doing sth = consider doing sth


例句 :


Kitty


考虑出国去进修(过去时)



Kitty thought about going abroad for further study


far


的第一种表示距离的比较 级:


farther


far


的第二种 表示程度的比较级:


further


短语:进修


,


深造:


further study


仔细考虑:


think (it) over


例句:请仔细考虑,然后告诉我你的最终结果。


Please think it over and tell me your final decision



23:


遍及全世界(两种)



all over the world = throughout the world



24:


来自( 两种)



be from = come from


例句:


Kitty


来自德国。

< br>Kitty comes from Germany



25:


在工作日:


on weekdays


在周末(两种介词)



on/at weekends



26:


短语:某 人最喜欢的某物:


one's favourite sth


//one's


是形物代(


my/our/your/his/ her/their




我最喜欢的科 目


/


颜色


/


食 物。


my favourite subject/colour/food


某人的最好的某物:


one's best sth


短语:她最好的科目:


her best subject


短语:他最好的朋友:


his best friend



U1P3


1:

疑问词


,


什么


< br>what


例句:你的职业是什么?


what's your job


例句:天气怎么样?(


what

< p>
形式)



what's the weather like


例句:你觉得上海怎么样?(


what


形式)



what do you think of Shanghai



2:


疑问 词


,




wh o


例句:这封信是谁写来的?:


who is the letter from



3:


疑问 词


,


哪一个或那些


< br>which


例句:哪个女士是格林小姐?:


which lady is Miss Green


例句:你最喜欢哪个科目?:


which subject is your favourite


例句:你去过哪些国家?:


which countries have you been to?



4:


疑问词


,


什么时候



when


//when


问的是点时间



when


问的大时间是:年







when


问的小时间是:几点钟



when


中的几点钟相当于:


what time


例句:你是什么时候出生的?:


when were you born


例句:你通常什么时候起床?:


when do you usually get up



5:


疑问词


,


在哪里


:< /p>


where


例句:你住在哪里?


Where do you live?



6:


为什么



why


why


问原因(第一种)< /p>



because +


句子



why


问原因(第二种)



because of +


名词或名词短语



例句:


昨天我迟到了是因为天气很坏。


yesterday I was late for school because the weather was bad


why


问目的(三种)



to do sth = in order to do sth = so as to do sth



7:


疑问词


,


如何


,


怎么样



how


how


问交通方式:


by bus/on foot


how


问方式:


by (not) doing sth


how


问方式副词:

quickly/quietly


how


问天气:


how is the weather?


how


问身体:


how are you?



8:


疑问词


,


多久做某事



how often


一星期两次:


twice a week


一天两次:


twice a day


每个月:


every month



9:


疑问词


,


多长时间



how long


how long


问的时间:段时间



f


or


在时间上的用法:


for +


段时间



since

< br>在时间上的用法(第一种)



since +


点时间



since

< br>在时间上的用法(第二种)



since +


句子(过去事件)



短语:自从去年:


since last year


短语:自从


2


年前:


s ince two years ago


短语:自从


2000


年前:


since 2000


短语:自从我搬进来这里时:


since I moved here


短语:自从我十岁时:


since I was 10 years old


take



spend


的用法


(两种)



sb spend +


一段时间



+ to do sth = it takes sb +


一段时间



+ to do sth



10:


疑问词


,


多久以后



how soon


例句:我将会在七天后回来。


I will come back in 7 days


例句:你将会什么时候回来:


How soon will you come back?



11:

疑问词


,


多远


< br>how far


例句:我的家在二十千米的上海。


it is 20km form my home to shanghai


//it is 10 minates walk form my home to school/bus ride/drive



12:how many


后加:可数名词复数



例句:这里有多少学生:


how many students are there?



13:


疑问 词


,


多少价钱



how much


how much


问(第一种)


:问不可数名词的量



how much


问(第二种)


:问多少钱



例句:你每天喝多少水:


how much water do you drink every day?


例句:


A


:这个电脑多少钱?


B


5000


元。


A:how much is this computer?B:5000 yuan



U1P4



1:


冠词的分类(三种)

< p>
:不定冠词



定冠词



零冠词




2 :a


用于:


辅音


开头的


可数名词单数




an


用于:


元音


开头的


可 数名词单数




3:


初次提及


用:不定冠词



再次提及用


:定冠词



例句:我爸爸给我买了一辆自行车。这自行车花了我


400

元。


My father bought me a


bicycle cost me 400 yuan



the


用在(第


2


种)



后置定语修饰限定的人物


/




the


用在( 第


3


种)



形 容词最高级前



the


用在(第


4


种)



序数词前< /p>



the


用在(第


5


种)



方位前


the


用在(第


6


种)



乐器前


< p>
the


用在(第


7


种)< /p>



唯一的物前



the


用在(第


8


种)



特殊国家和城市缩写前



短 语:英国


,


美国:


the UK the USA


例句:地球围绕太阳转:


the earth goes around the sun


短语:在中间:


in the middle of


短语:在左


/


右边:


o n the left/right of


短语:在东


/



/


西


/


北边:


in the east/west/north/south of



4:


一本有用的书:


a useful book


一个乐于助人的朋友:


a helpful friend


一件校服:


a uniform


一个科学家:


a scientist


一所大学:


a university


一个欧洲城市:


a European country


一个好想法:


a good idea



5:


一个男演员

/


女演员


/


会计

< br>/


建筑师


/


宇航员:

< p>
an actor/actress/accountant/astronaunt


一个工程师:


an engineer


一间办公室:


an office


一小时:


an hour


一个


SPCA


官员:


an SPCA officer


一把伞:


an umbrella


一个想法:


an idea


一本有趣的书:


an interesting book


一个充满乐趣的日子:


an enjoyable day


一个老朋友:


an old friend


一个诚实的男孩:


an honest boy


一件昂贵的裙子:


an expensive dress



//


6:


元 音音标:略



//7


:辅音音标:略




8:


零冠词用在(第一种)



play +


球类



零冠词用在(第二种)



have +


三餐



零冠词用在(第三种)



城市


/


国家等专有名 词



零冠词用在(第四种)



固定短语



零冠词固定短语(第一种)


在读大学


/


学校:


at university/school


零冠词固定短语(第二种)

做公交车


/


步行:


by bus/on foot


零冠词固定短语(第三种)


在晚上:


at night


零冠词固定短语(第四种)


去学校


/


学院


/


教堂


/


睡觉:


go to school/college/church/bed



U1P5


1:


经营

< br>,


管理


(v)



manage


经理


(n)



manager


例句:王先生管理这个公司:


mr wang manages a company


例句:他是这个公司的经历:


he is the manager of the company



2:



(v)



sell



(n)



sale


促销:


on sale


负责销售:


be responsible for sales



3:


忙的


(adj)



busy


公司:


business


出差:


on business


忙于某事:


be busy with sth


忙于做某事:


be busy doing sth


例句:


tom


忙于他的学习:

< br>Tom is busy with his study


例句:


tom


忙于集邮:


tom is busy collecting stamps


商人及复数:


businessman businessmen


女商人及复数:


businesswoman businesswomen



4:


责任


(n)



reponsibili ty


负责的


(adj)


< p>
responsible


责任感:


sense of responsibility


负责某事(三种)



be responsible for sth = be in charge sth = take charge of sth


幸运的


(adj)



lucky


不幸运的


( adj)



unlucky


祝好运:


Good luck


真倒霉:


Bad luck


表示幸运的事:


luckily +


句子



表示不幸的事:


unluckily +


句子



例句:


kitty


很幸运的通过了这次考试。


kitty was lucky to pass the exam


例句:


to m


很不幸运的考试不及格。


tom was failed the exam


例句:很幸运地


,kitty


通过了这个考试。


luckily,kitty passed the exam


例句:很不幸地


,tom


没 有通过这个考试。


unluckily,tom failed the exam



6:


成功


( v)



secceed


成功


(n)



success

成功的


(adj)



succes sful


成功地


(adv)



successfully


成功做某事(三种)



succeed in doing sth = be successful in doing sth = manage to do sth


例句:失败是成功之母:


Failure is the mother of success


达到好的成功:


achieve great success


一次成功的世博会:


a successful expo


成功地举办世博会:


hold the expo successfully



7:


帮 助


(v)



assist

< p>
助手


(n)



assis tant


一个助手:


an assistant


一个售货员:


an shop assistant



8:


乏味的


,


令人厌倦的


(adj)


< p>
boring


厌烦


,


无 聊


(adj)



bored


例句:参加一个很漫长的会议是很无聊的。


it is boring to have a long meeting


例句:我在这个漫长的会议期间感到很无聊。


i feel bored during the long meeting


< br>9:


表演


(v)



perform


表演者


(n)


performer


表演


(n )



performance



10:


讨论


(v)



discuss


讨论


(n)



discussion



11:


失败


,


不及格


(v)



fail


失 败


(n)



failure


短语:做某事失败。


fail to do sth


短语:考试不及格:


fail an/the exam


短语:通过考试。


pass an/the exam


例句:我通过考试失败了。


i failed to pass the exam



12:


通常


(adj)



usual


通常


(adv)



usual ly



13:


热的

< br>(adj)



hot


加热


(v)



heat



14:


解释


(v)



explain


解释


(n)



explanation


短语:把某事耐心的解释给某人听。


explain sth to sb patiently/carefully



U1P6



1:

一般现在时使用情况(两种)


:经常性习惯性行为



客观真理


,


自然规律



例句:地球围绕太阳转。


the earth goes around the sun



2:


一般现在时频率词:


always/usually/often/sometime s/seldom/never


一般现在时副词短语:


eve ryday/week/month/spring/year/once/twice/threetimes a week/a month


如今


,


现在:


nowadays


现在


,< /p>


目前:


at present


现在(一 般现在或现在进行时)



now


< /p>


3:


一般现在时主语为第三人称单数时:动词用第三人称单数形式


,


其它人称用人称




4:


单三形式第一种:


+s


单三形式第二种:以


o,s,x,sh,ch


结 尾


+es


单三形式第三种:辅音字母


+y


结尾


,y



i



es


单三形式第四种:元音字 母加


y


结尾直接加


s


单三形式第五种:特殊形式:


have-has


(变复数)


go-goes


(变复数)


discuss-discusses


(变复数)


relax-relaxes


(变复数)


wash-washes


(变复数)


watch-watches


(变复数)


play-plays


(变复数)


stay-stays



5:be


动词:


am/is/are/ he/she/we/you/they


//



be


动词的肯否疑的变化



6:tom


是一个顶尖的学生:


Tom is a top student


tom


是一个顶尖的学生吗?


Is Tom a top student


Tom


不是一个顶尖的学生:


Tom isn't a top student



//


使役动词的句子的肯否疑



7:peter


走路上学:


Peter goes to school on foot


Peter


走路上学吗?


Does Peter go to school on foot?


Peter


不走路上学:


Peter doesn't go to school on foot


//

< br>原形找


do,


单三找


does,


按照动词的形式去找助动词


(


放句首< /p>


)



同理


do + not = don't,does + not =


doesn't


8:


(变单三形式)


have

< br>:


has


玩得开心(三种)



have fun = have a good time = enjoy oneself



have


形式)做运动:


have sports



have


形式)去散 步:


have a walk


吃早餐


/


午餐


/


晚餐:


have breakfast/lunch/dinner


上钢琴课:


have piano lessons


开一次会:


have a meeting


去一次野餐:


have a picnic


参加一次宴会:


have a party


谈一次话:


have a talk



U1P7



1:one of


的用法(第一种)


one of +


可数


n


复数



one of


用法(第二种)


one of + the + adj


最高级



+


名词复数



+


范围



例句:上海是中国最美丽的城市之一。


Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in china



2:


穿上(动作)

< br>:


put on


//put on


代词放中间



穿上(状态)



wear



例句:王先生穿上他的衬衣然后走出去了。


Mr Wang put on his coat and went out


例句:学生在学校必须穿校。


Students must wear uniforms at school


试穿:


try on


例句:我喜欢这条裤子。我能试穿它吗?


I like the trousers. Can I try them on?


take off


的两种含义:脱下


/


飞机起飞



3:


超过(两种)



over = more than


//over,more than


后加确数



短语:超过两百:


over two hurdred



4:


驾驶(一般时,过去式,过去分 词)



drive/drove/driven


驾驶员:


driver


载某人去某地:


drive sb to sp


载某人去那儿:


drive sb there


短语:载某人去上学:


drive sb to school



5:


打电话给某人(


4


种)



call sb = ring sb = phone sb = make phone calls to sb



6:


在去某地的路上:


on the way to sp


在去学校的路上:


on the way to school


在去家里的路上:


on the way home


在某人去某地的路上:


on one's way to sp



7:


参加俱乐部:


attend a club


出席会议:


attend a meeting


去学校(两种)



attend school = go to school


去大学(两种)



attend university



8:


与。< /p>



。不同:


be different from


与。



。相同:

< p>
be the same as


与。


。相似:


be the similar to



9:


在某些人中受欢迎:


be popular among sb


受某人欢迎:


be popular with sb



10:

< br>继续做某事(两种)



continue doing sth = go on doing sth



11:


收集贝壳


/


邮票:


collect shells/stamps


例句:我的兴趣是集邮:


my hobby is collecting shells


例句:集邮是我的兴趣:


collecting stamps is my hobby



12:


获 得


(v)



achieve


成就


(n)



achi evement


短语:取得巨大成功:


achieve (great) success


短语:得到


A


成绩:


achieve A grades


短语:得到高分:


achieve high marks


短语:得到满分:


achieve full marks < /p>


13:



...


之前:


before + n



.. .


之后:


after + n


在上课


/


上学


/


工作


/


早餐之前


/


之后:


before/after class/school/work/breakfast


在做某事之前:


before doing


在做某事之后:


after doing



例句:你必须在你吃饭之前洗手:


you must wash your hands before eating


例句:你可以在做完作业之后看电视:


you can watch TV after finishing your homeword



//before +


句子



//after +


句子



例句:不要忘记在你离开之前关掉灯。


Don't forget to turn off the lights



14:


帮助某人做某事:


help sb do sth


帮助某事某事:


help sb with sth


短语:帮我学英语:


help me with my English


短语:帮助妈妈做家务:


help my mother with the housework


某人自己自便享用某物:


help oneself to sth


例句:


Kitty,


你自己享 用一些咖啡:


Kitty,help yourself to some coffee


例句:孩子们,你们自便享用一些鱼:


Please help yourselves to some fish,children


帮助别人:


help others


乐于助人:


be ready to help others


互相帮助(两种)



help each other = help one another


经不住某事:


can't help doing

< p>
例句:


这个男孩在听见坏新闻后经不住哭了:


Th e boy couldn't help cring after hearing the bad news


短语:在某人的帮助下(两种)


< br>with one's help = with the help of sb

例句:在


kitty


的帮助下,我完成了这个工作。


with kitty's help.I finished the work


例句:我完成了这个工作,在


kitty


的帮助 下。


I finished the work with the help of kitty


帮助


(v)


< p>
help


有帮助的


(adj)

< br>:


helpful


短语:


ki tty


很乐于助人:


kitty is helpful


短语:一个乐于助人的人:


a helpful friend


15:the +


什么



+ of



n


...


的高度:


the height of



16:


序数词用法(第一种)



the +


序数词



+


名词单数



序数词用法(第二种)



one's +


序数词



+


名词单数



短语:第一节课:


the first lesson


短语:第


5


节楼梯:


the fifth floor


短语:我第


20

< p>
个生日:


my twenieth birthday


短语:我第二次:


my second time



17:


有用的


(adj)



useful


无用的


(adj)



useless


用某物做某事(两种)



use sth to do sth = use for doing sth


例句:我们 用木头做纸张(两种)



we use wood to make paper = we use wood for making paper


过去常常做某事:


used to do sth


used to do sth


转换疑问句:


Did..use to do


例句:我爸爸过去经常吸很多烟


,


但是现在他戒 烟了



习惯于


,


适应于做某事:


be used to doing sth


例句:


Tom


以前习惯于坐车去学校,


现在他习惯于走路去学校。


Tom used to go to school by bus,but


now he is used to walkng to school


利用


(v)



use


再利用


(v)



reuse


短语:再利用购物袋


/



reuse shoppng bads/water


利用某物:


make use of sth


好好


/


充分利用时间:


mak e good/full use of time



18:a friend of


后加(第一种)


:名物代



a friend of


后加(第二种)



's


所有格




19:


犯错误:


make mistake


犯相同的错误:


make the same mistake



//


20:


与之前的重复




2 1:


小心,当心(五种,祈使句)



t ake care = be careful = look out = watch out = mind


小心台阶(


mind




mind the steps


照顾(三种)



look after sb = take care of sb = care for sb


care for


的两种意思:照顾


/


喜欢



关注


,


在意:


care about


例句:


kitty


很关注她的体重:


Kitty cares a lot about her weight


语言:


A


:你喜欢哪一个


,


咖啡还是牛奶?

Which would you like,coffee or milk?


语言:


B


:任意都行,我不在意:


Ei ther is OK, I don't care


语言:


B


:算了,我刚刚已经喝够了。


Neither,I have just had enough


细心的


(adj)



careful


细心地

(adv)



carefully


粗心的


(adj)



careles s


粗心地


(adv)



carelessly


例句:


Kitty


是一个细心的


/


粗心的女孩。她细心地


/


粗心地完成她的家庭作业:


Kitty


is


a


careful/careless does her homework carefully/carelessly



U1P8



1:


系动词


+adj



2:


感官系动词(

< br>5


个)



look/feel/ sound/taste/smell


feel


的过去式:


felt


smell


的过去式:


smelt



3:


保持系动词(两个)

< p>


keep/stay


短语:保持(两个)冷静


/


安静:


keep/stay calm/quiet



4:


动态系 动词(四个)



get/become/turn/go


短语:生某人的气:


get angry with sb


短语:厌烦某物:


get tired of sth


短语:变得成功:


become successful


短语:变得对某事感兴趣:


become interested in sth


短语:脸色变苍白:


turn pale


短语:变质:


go bad


短语:出差错:


go worry


短语:受饿:


go hungry


短语:变疯狂:


go crazy/mad



5:


常态系动词


+adj



6:


似乎:


seem + adj



7:


例句:


Green


先生看起来很气愤


.


因为他 的儿子在考试不及格。


Mr Green looked angry



Because


his son failed the exam


?


例句:


Green


先生很生气地看着他的儿子,因为他考试不及格。

< p>
Mr


Green


angrily


looked


at


his


e he failed the exam



U1P9



1:


情态动词加


do sth



2:


必须做某事:


must do sth


禁止


/


不准做某事:


must't do sth



3:


应该


(



)

< p>
做某事:


should (not) do sth

最好


(



)


做某事:


had better (not) do sth



4:(



)


会做某事:


can (not) do sth



5:


肯定(有确定的依据)



must


例句:这本书肯定属于

< p>
Alice,


因为在封面上有她的名字:


The


book


must


belong


to


Alice


because


their is her name on her cover


(有确定的依据)不可能:


can't


例句:


Tom


出差去美国,他现在不可能在家



可能


/


不确定(三种)



may/might/not sure


例句:


Alice


可能去参加宴会了,但是我不能确定:


Alice may come to the party,but I'm not sure.



6:


语言:

< p>
A


:我能问你一个问题吗?


May I ask you a question?


语言:


A

< br>:我今天必须完成作业吗?


Must I finish the homework now?


语言:


B


:是的


,


你必须完成。


Yes,yo u must


语言:


B


:不


,


你不必。


(两种)


N o,you needn't/don't have to



7:


语言:


A


:要来一些咖啡吗?< /p>


Would you like some coffee?


语 言:


B


:好的


,



/


不了


,


谢谢。


Yes,please/no,thanks


语言:< /p>


A


:你可以和我共进晚餐吗?


Would you like to have dinner with me?


语言:


B



可以


,


我很喜欢


/


我很乐意


,


但是我要为考试作准备。


I'd love to,but I have to prepare for the


test



8:


语言:


A


:你可以告诉我怎么去某地吗?


Can/Could you tell me how I can get to sp?


语言:


B


:对不起


,


我刚刚来这,你 可以问这里的一个警察。


Sorry,I'm


new



can


ask


the


policeman over there



9:


语言:


A


:你可以帮我一个忙吗?


Can/Could you do me a favour?


语言:


B


:乐于效劳:


With pleasure



10:


语言:


A


:需要我帮助 吗?


Can I help you?


语言:


B


:谢谢


,


你真是太好了。< /p>


Thank you,It's nice of you.


语 言:


B


:不


,


谢谢。我自己可以管理好。


No thanks,But I can manage/I'm OK.



U1P10



1:


如此


. ..


以至于(两种)



So + adj/adv + that +


肯定句



= adj/adv + enough to do sth


例句:


Tom


起的这么早以至于他可以坐很早的公交车。


(过去时,两种)


Tom got up so early that


he cought the early bus = Tom got up early enough to cought the early bus



...


以至于不能


...



三种)



so + adj + adv + that +


否定句



= too + adj/adv + to do sth = not + adj/adv


+ enough + to do sth


例句:


Kitty


太年轻以至于不能照顾自己


(三种)



Kitty is so young that she can't look after herself =


Kitty is too young to look after herself = Kitty isn't old enough to look after herself



//


2

< p>
就是下面的


2


条例句


< /p>


例句:


Alice


工作那么认真以至于她 通过了考试(两种)



Alice worked so hard that she passed the


exam = Alice worked hard enough to pass the exam


例句:


Peter


是那么粗心以至于他没有通过这次考试(两种)



Peter was so careless that he didn't


pass the exam = Peter wasn't careful enough to pass the exam



3:enough


后加(两种)


< br>enough +


可数名词复数


/+


不可数名词



短语:足够的时间:


enough time



//adv


足够:


adj + adv + enough



4:


以便为了< /p>


...


(表目的,两种)



so that = in order that +


句子



以便为了做某事(两种)



so as to do sth = in order to do sth


为了不做某事(两种)



so as not to do sth = in order not to do sth


例句:


Tom


起的非常早


.

< p>
他能坐到较早的公交车(三种)



Tom get up very could catch the


early bus = Tom get up very early so that he could catch the early bus = Tom got up very early in order


to catch the early bus



//


5:because +


句子



because +


名词或名词短语



例句:


Tom


昨天上学迟到了因为雨下得很大。


Tom was late for school yesterday because it rained


heavily


例句:


Tom


昨天上学迟到因为很大的雨:


Tom was late for school yesterday because of the heavy rain



//


这些句子没法默写。

< p>




//


6:


疑问词



+ sb +


情态动词


/will do sth =


疑问词



+ to do sth


例句:


我不知道怎么用这个机器。


I don't know how I can use the machine = I don't know how to use


the machine


例句;


我好奇



wonder



我下个星期要什么


(两种)

< br>。


I wonder what I will do next week = I wonder


what to do next week



7:



.. .


对某人来说是


...


的:

< p>
It's + adj + for sb + to do sth



...


对某人来说是


...

< p>
的(感叹句)



How + adj + it is for sb to do sth


例句:在凉爽的天气里去野餐对我们来说是很愉快的。


It is very pleasent for us to have picnic on


cool days


例句:在凉爽的天气里去野餐对我们来说 是很愉快的。


(感叹句)


How pleasant it is for us to have


a picnic on cool days


//It's + n + for sb + to do sth



fun/a good idea




//What + n + it is for sb to do sth


例句:在刮风天气里放风筝是件有趣的事。


It's fun to fly kites on windy days


例句:在刮风天气里放风筝 是件有趣的事。


(感叹句)



What fun to fly kites on windy days


例句:养(


keep


)一只宠物狗是一个好建议。


It' s a good idea to keep pet dogs


例句:养(


keep


)一只宠物狗是一个好建议。


(感叹 句)


What a good idea to keep pet dogs



8:


反义疑问句用法:前否后肯,前 肯后否



反义疑问句否定词:


neve r/seldom/hardly/not/few/little/no/nothing/nobody


Let's do sth,shall we?


Let us do sth,will you?


Do sth please,will you?


Don't do sth please,will you?


Never do sth please,will you?


//there be,be there/is/are/was/were/were


//there be,be not there/isn't/aren't/wasn't/weren't/weren't there


例句:


Tom


被允许周末玩电脑游戏,不是 吗?


Tom


is


allowed


to


play


computer


games


at


weekends ,isn;t he?


例句:


Tom


从来不迟到


,


难道不是吗?


Tom is never late for school



is he?


例句:


Tom


已经去过美国两 次


,


难道不是吗?


Tom has already been to America twice,hasn't he?



U1P11


//


代词(


i,me,my


等)省 略




2:


代词做主语用:主格



代词做宾语用:宾格



主宾一致用:反身代词



//by oneself


//enjoy oneself


//help oneself


形物代


+n =


对应的名物代



形物代后要加:名词



名词前加代词为:形物代



名物代



=


形物代


+


名词



短语:我为自己买了本书:


I bought myself a book


短语:这本书是我的:


It's my book


短语:这本书属于我:


The book bolongs to me


短语:这本书是我的书:


the book is mine



3:A,B


两者都:


both A and B


例句:


Alice



kitty


都从德国来。


Both Alice and Kitty are from Germany


...


两者都:


both of


例句:他们都从德国来:


Both of them are from Germany


例句:我的父母都是老师:


Both of my parents are teachers


在路的任意一边:


on either side of the road


在路的两边:


on both sides of the road



4:A,B


两者没有一个是:


neither A nor B


例句:


Kitty



Alice


没有一个是从德国来的。


Neither Alice nor Kitty is from Germany


//


上面的例句中


is


要遵循临近原则,要看


Kitty


是否是复数



两者中没有一个是:


neither of


例句:他们中没有一个喜欢英语:


Neither of them likes English


语言:


A

< p>
:哪一个你喜欢


,


咖啡还是牛奶?


Which would you like,coffee or milk?

语言:


B


:任意都行


,

< p>
我不在乎。


Either is OK,I don't care


语言:


B


:都不喜欢


,


我已经喝的足够了。


Neither ,I have just had enough



5:

或者


A


或者


B


either A or B


两者中任意一个:


either of



6:


不仅


A


而且


B



no t only A but also B


例句:不仅


Tom


而且


Peter


也喜欢英语:


Not Tom but also Peter like English



7:


全部:


all the +


名词



//all of +


可数名词复数



例句:他们全都从德国来:


All of them are from Germany



8:


没 有一个(三者以上范围内)



none of



U1P12


1:


形容词的位置


(五种)



be + adj/


系动词



+ adj/make/keep + sb + adj/make/find it + adj + for sb + to


do sth/adj + n/


不定代词



+ adj



2:A



B


一样:


A ...as/so + adj + as B < /p>


A


不如


B



A...not as/so + adj + as B


as..as


中用:原级


< p>
例句:


Alice



ki tty


的年龄一样。


Alice is as old as Kitty


例句:


Alice


不如< /p>


kitty


高。


Kitty



Alice


高。


Alic e isn't as tall as is taller than Alice.



3:adj


比较级规则变化(第一种 )


:加


er



est


adj

比较级规则变化(第二种)


:以


e


结尾直接加


r



st


adj


比较级规则变化(第三种)



y



i+er y



i+est


adj


比较级规则变化(第四种)


:辅元辅结尾双写


+er /est


adj


比较级规则变化(第五种)

< br>:多音节和部分双音节


adj


前加


more/most


//useful


helpful


beautiful


wonderful


interesting


important


attractive


expensive


lovely


comfortable


friendly confident responsible



4:


不规则变化:两好:

< p>
good/well-better-best


不规则变化:两坏:


bad/ill-worse- worest


不规则变化:两多:


many/much- more-most


不规则变化:一少:


little- less-least


不规则变化:一远:


far- farther/further


深造


/

进修:


further study


< br>5:


修饰比较级的词(大)



m uch/far/even


短语:大得多了:


much bigger


短语:好得多了:


far better


短语:甚至还要贵:


even more expensive


修饰比较级的词(小)



a little/a bit



6:


越来越:比较级



and


比较级



例句:我们的世界变得越来越小:


Our world becomes smaller and smaller



7:


越。



。越。

< br>。



the +


比较级


....the +


比较级



短语:更多更好:


The more,the better


例句:你更认真的话你犯的错就越少。


The more careful you are the fewer mistake you will make



8:


比较级常见的信号词:


than/A or B/between/much/far/even + adj/adv


最高级常见信号词



8


种)



前有


the

< p>
后有范围


/one of + the + adj


最高级



+


可数名词的范围


/the +


序数词



+ adj


最高级



+


单数名词



+


范围


/A,B or C/among/of all



U1P13


1:

< br>让


/


使某人做某事:


make/ let sb do sth


最好不做某事:


had better (not) do sth


(不)应该做某事:


should (not) do sth


必须


/


不准做某事:

< br>must (not) do sth


不必做某事:


needn't do sth


比起做某事,宁愿做某事:


would rather do sth than do sth


建议句型中的


do sth



shall we do sth/let's do sth/why not do sth/why don't you/we do sth


建议某人做某事:


suggest (that) sb (should) do sth



2:

要求


/


请示某人(不)要做某事:


ask sb (not) to do sth


告诉某人(不)要做某事:


tell sb (not) to do sth


决定(不)要做某事:


decide (not) to do sth


想要某人做某事(两种)



would like (sb) to do sth = want (sb) to do sth


//...


动词



+


疑问词



+ to do


做某事对谁来说是怎么样的(两种)



it's + adj + (for sb) + to do sth/it's + n + for sb + to do sth


能够做某事:


be able to do sth


到做某事的时间:


it's time to do sth


做某事对某人来说太怎样了(两种)



too + adj/adv + (for sb) + to do = adj/adv enough + to do


邀请某人做某事:


invite sb to do sth


准许某人做某事:


allow sb to do sth


希望做某事(两种)



hope/wish to do sth


鼓励某人做某事:


encourage sb to do sth


期待(某人)做某事:


expect (sb) to do sth



3:


练习做某事:


pratise doing sth


完成某事:


finish doing sth


喜欢做某事:


enjoy/love/like doing sth


持续做某事:


keep doing sth


保持某人做某事:


keep sb doing sth


介意做某事:


mind doing sth


做某事怎么样:


How/What about doing sth


忙于某事:


be busy doing sth < /p>


看见


/


观赏


/< /p>


听见


/


提醒某人做某事:


see/watch/hear/notice sb doing sth


感谢某人做某事:


thank sb for doing sth


放弃做某事:


give up doing sth


做某事:


go doing sth


某人花费多少时间做某事:人



+ spend +


疑问词


/


段时间



+ (in) doing sth


做一些:


do some ving


与其


A


不如


B



prefer doing to doing



4:


忘记要做某事:


forget to do sth


忘记做过某事:


forget doing sth


例句:不要忘记在你离开之前关掉灯:


Don't forget to turn off the lights before you leave


例句:我永远不会忘记看过这部精彩的电影:


I will never forget seeing the wonderful film


记得要做某事:


remember to do sth


记得做过某事:


remember doing sth


停下做另一件事:


stop to do sth


停止正在做的事:


stop doing sth

< p>
例句:


Kitty


在她做完作业之后停止了去休息 。


Kitty


stopped


to


have


a


rest


after


finishing


her


homework


例句:当老师进教室时学生停止了讲话。


Students stopped talking when the teacher entered the


classroom



U1P14



1:


争吵


( v)



argue


争吵


(n)



argument


短语:我们听见了一场大争吵。


we heard a big argument



2:


担忧


(v)



worry


担忧的


(adj)



worried


短语:这个男人看起来很担忧。


The man looked worried


短语:不要担忧:


Don't worry


例句:


不要担心你的女儿,


她已经足够 大到能照顾她自己了。


Don't worry about your


is old enough to take care of herself



3:


小偷


( n)



thief


小偷复数


(n)



thieves

偷窃案


(n)



theft


短语:报告一个偷窃案:


report a theft



4:


陌生的


/


古怪的


(adj)



strange


陌生人


(adj)

< br>:


stranger



5


:十分,很,非常


(adv)


< p>
quite


例句:


kitty

< br>非常聪明。


Kitty is quite clever


例句:她跑得很快。


she runs quite quickly


安静的


(adj)



quiet


安静地


(adj)



quietly


短语:保持安静:


keep quiet


短语:对女人们轻轻地说话:


said quietly to the women



6:


忽然


(adj)



sudden


忽然


(adv)



sudd enly



忽然(两种)



suddenly = all of a sudden



7:

人群


(n)/


挤满了人


(v)



crowd


拥挤的

(adj)



crowded


被 。



。充满:


be crowded with



8:


通常的


(adj)



usual


不寻常的


(adj)



unusual


//important-unimportant



9:


旅行


-


游客(第 一种)



tour-tourist


旅行


-


游客(第二种)



visit-visitor


旅行


-


游客(第三种)



travel- traveller



U1P15



1:


等待某人或某物:


wait for sb/sth



2:


对某人大声喊叫:


shout at sb



3:


盯着某人看:


stare at sb



4:


上车

/



/


飞机:

get on


下车


/



/


飞机:


get off



5:


偷(原形过去式过去分词)



steal-stole-stolen


从某地


/


人偷某物:


steal sth from sb/sp



6:


追赶某人:


go after sb


逃跑:


run away


< /p>


7:


不见了(两种)


< br>be gone = be missing


失踪的男孩(两种)



the lost boy = the missing boy



8:


害怕某人或某物:


be afraid of sb/sth


例句:


Kitty


害怕狗:


kitty is afraid of dogs



//9:men/women


后加可 数名词复数




10:


对于困境:


in trouble


处于危险:


in danger



11:


看见某人正在做某事:


see sb doing sth



12:


干得好:


well done


恭喜:


congratulations!



13:


某人遭遇某事:


happen to sb


碰巧做某事:


happen to do sth


例句:他没有来学校因为他遭遇了一场车祸:


He


didn't


come


to


school


because


a


car


accident


happened to him


例句:

Kitty


在机场碰巧遇见了她的老朋友:


Kitty happened to meet her old friend at the airport



14:


处理


/


解决


/


应对(加介词两种)



deal with = do with


如何怎样解决。




(两种)



how...deal with = what... do with



15:


(横)穿过:


across


短语:横穿马路:


walk across the road


(内部)穿过:


through


短语:从人群内部穿过:


go through the crowd



16:


匆忙(短语)< /p>



in a hurry


例句:快一点!只有一点时间了。


hurry up!There is little time left


不要那么赶:


don't hurry


例句:不要那么赶,还有一点时间。


Don't is still a little time left


匆忙去某地(两种)



hurry to sp = go to sp in a hurry


匆忙离开:


hurry off


匆忙 (原形过去式过去分词)



hurry-hurried- hurried



17:


拨打号码:


dial +


号码




【重 点】


18:


上船


/

飞机:


get aboard


【重点】出国:


go abroad



19:


采摘花果:


pick


拿起捡起某物:


pick sth up


中途接某人:


pick sb up


挑选出:


pick out



20:


报告偷窃案:


report the theft


报告抢劫案:


report the robbery



21:


意识到


,


发觉(两种)



realize = notice


使


...


成真(两种)



realize one's dream = make one's dream come true



22:


尾随某人:


follow sb


接受采纳某人的劝告(两种)



fol low one's advice = take one's advice


下列的:


the following


学习某人的榜样:


follow one's example



23:


打架


,


战斗(原形过去式过去分词)



fi ght-fought-fought


与某人打架:


fight for sb


为自由而战:


fight for freedom


与污染作斗争:


fight against pollution



24:


海关< /p>


/


风格习惯:


customs


顾客


(n)



cust omer



25:


拿(原形过去式过 去分词)



hold-held-held


开会(两种)



hold a meeting = have a meeting


抓着某物:


hold sth


例句: 这个公交车可以乘


60


人:


The bus can hold 60 people


拿出,送出:


hold out


< /p>


26:


展示某物给某人看(两种)



show sb sth = show sth to sb


展示给某人看如何做某事:


show sb how to do sth


炫耀某物:


show off sth


例句:风先生喜欢炫耀自己的力量:


Mr wind like showing off his strength


带领某人参观某地:


show sb around (sp)


//show (that) +


句子



例句:这个资料表明年轻人将会以老师为工作




27:


举起


/


张贴:


put up


推迟


/


延期:


put off


放下:


put down


穿上


/


上演:


put on


灭火:


put out (fires)


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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