(完整版)中国文化英语翻译

Unit1

中国丝绸

中国是丝绸的故乡。栽桑、养蚕、缫丝、织绸是中国古代人民的伟大发明。商周时期（前

1600

——前

256

）丝绸的生产 技术就已发

展到相当高的水平。西汉（前

206

——公元

25

）时张蹇通西域，把中元与波斯湾、地中 海紧密联系起来，开辟了中外交流贸易的新纪

元。从此中国的丝绸以其卓越的品质、精美 的花色和丰富的文化内涵闻名于世，成为中国文化的象征、东方文明的使者。

Chinese Silk

China is the home of silk. Mulberry planting, sericulture, silk reeling and thickening are all great inventions of the ancient Chinese. As

early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties (1600-BC256BC), the Chinese people

’

s silk-weaving techniques had reached an extremely high level.

During the Western Han Dynasty(206BC-25AD),Zhang Jian ,an outstanding diplomat ,traveled around central Asia and connected China with

the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean, opening up a new era of Sino-foreign trade, exchange and communication. From then on, China

’

s silk

became well known for its extraordinary quality, exquisite design and color , and abundant cultural connotations. Hitherto, Chinese silk has been

accepted as a symbol of Chinese culture and the emissary of oriental civilization.

中国园林

中国园林是把人造的山水、 植物、建筑等与自然地貌有机结合的环境艺术，是我国古代建筑艺术的珍宝。其建造原则是“妙极自然，

宛自天开”

。游赏中国古典园林，能充分领略“假自然之景，创山水真趣 ”的园林意境。在世界三大园林体系中，中国园林历史悠久、

内涵丰富，被誉为世界造园 史上的渊源之一。

Chinese Classical Garden

The Chinese classical garden is a precious treasure of our ancient Chinese architecture. It is a kind of environment art,

which systematically

combines artificial mountains and rivers, plants and buildings with the natural landscape. The construction standard of a Chinese classical garden

is

“

artificial as it is, the garden must look ingenious and natural.

”

When you go sightseeing in a Chinese classical garden, you should be able to

appreciate

its artistic

concept

which

“

makes

use

of

the

natural

landscape

to

create the

real

fun

of

mountains and

rivers

foe

viewers.

”

Of

the

world

’

s three major garden systems, the Chinese classical garden is hailed as one of the origins of the world

’

s garden due to its long history and

abundant connotations.

Unit3

文房四宝

笔墨纸 砚是中国古时文人书房当中必备的宝贝，被称为“文房四宝”

。用笔墨书写绘画在中国可 追溯到五千年前。秦（前

221

——前

206

）时已用不同硬度的毛和竹管制笔；汉代（前

206

——公元

220

）以人工制墨代替了天然墨 ；有了纸张以后，简牍锦帛逐失使用；

砚台则随笔墨的使用而发展。

“文房四宝”到宋朝（

960

——

1279

）以后特指湖笔（浙江湖州）

、徽墨（安徽徽州）

、宣纸（安徽宣州）

、

端砚（广东肇庆，古 称端州）

。可以说文房四宝书写了整个中华文明。

The Four Treasures of the Study

The

writing

brush,

inkstick,

inkstone,

and

paper

were

requisite

treasures

in

the

study

of

the

scholars

of

ancient

China,

and

they

are

often

referred to as the

“

Four Treasures of the Study.

”

The writing brush and inkstick have been used by the Chinese to write and paint since 5,000

years ago. In the Qin Dynasty(221BC-206BC),people already used feathers of different hardness and bamboo trunks to make brushes. During the

Han Dynasty(206BC-220AD), man-made ink was used instead of natural ink. After paper was invented by the Chinese , bamboo slips, wooden

tables, brocade and silk, which originally functioned as writing surfaces, gradually faded out. The inkstone was first developed with the use of

writing brushes and ink. After the Song Dynasty(960AD-1279AD),the

“

Four Treasures of the Study

”

particularly referred to hubi, the writing

brush produced in Huzhou, Zhejiang province; huimo, the inkstick produced in Huizhou, Anhui province xuan paper, a kind of paper produced

in Xuanzhou,

Anhui province

and duanyan,

the

inkstone

made

in Zhaoqing,

Guangdong

province

(Zhaoqing

was

earlier

called

Duanzhou).

Indeed, the

“

Four Treasures of the Study

”

have written the whole Chinese civilization, as it is.

Unit 4

对联

对联又称楹联或对子，是依中文语言一字一音的特征撰写的一 种民族文体。中国对联的哲学深渊及深层民族文化心理，乃是古代中

国人把握和认识事物 的阴阳二元观念。对联的特征是“对仗”

：字数相等，词性相同，平仄相合，内容相关， 节奏相应。对联习俗多样，

有春联、婚联、寿联、挽联、茶联等。

Antithetical Couplets

The antithetical couplet(also called duilian) is also known as yinglian or duilian. An antithetical couplet is kind of national writing style, which

is

composed

by

the

skillful

manipulation

of

the

characteristic

of

the

Chinese

language

that

one

character

corresponds

with one

syllable.

The

philosophical

origin

and

national

cultural

psychology

of

the

antithetical

couplet

are

the

notion

of

yin-yang

duality,

according

to

which

the

Chinese recognize and master things. The feature of the antithetical couplet is an