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45个基本介词的用法

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-09 03:40
tags:

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2021年2月9日发(作者:blastoff)


——


45


个基本介词的用法


1



about



[prep]




1



在…到处,在…各处



here and


there





eg: We wandered about the town


for an hour or so.





He looked about the room.



2



在…附近



next to a place








eg. She lives about the office.



3

< br>)


关于



in connection with


eg: a book about English study


I don



t know what you are


talking about.




[adv]



1



大约



close to




eg:


We left there about 10 o’clock.



It costs about 500 dollars.




2

< p>


到处,各处








eg: The children were


rushing about in the garden.



3



在附近








eg : There is no food about.




【常见搭配】



作介词时的搭配


:


< br>一


.


动词


+(about+


名词


)



1



arrange


(


about



sth)


安排关于某事




2



argue


(


about


sth)


讨论某事




3



ask


(


about


sth)




询问关于某事



4



boast


(


about


sb/sth)





吹嘘


...



5



care


(


about


sb/sth)



关心…


,


对…感


兴 趣








6



chat



(


about


sth)





谈论某事




7



complain



(


about



sb/sth)



抱怨…




8



dream


(


about


sb/sth)


梦见某 人


/


某物




9



go


(


about


sth)


着手做


...


;从事


...



10



hear

< br> (


about


sth)



听说


...



11



know



(


about


sth)



了解


...




12



le arn


(


about


sth)



得知某事




13



put


(


about



sth)





散布


(谣言等)



14



quarrel


(


about



st h)



...


争吵



15



see


(


about


sth)


负责处理


...


< p>


16



talk



(


about


sth)




谈论


...




17



think


(


about


sth)



考虑


..



18



warn

sb (


about


sth)


告诫某人关


于某事


< br>(


19



wonder



(


about


sb/sth)



..


好奇




20



worry



(


about


sb/sth)




...


担心





、名词


+ (about+


名词


)




1



concern


(


about


sb/sth)



对…的关心


/


关怀




2



curiosity


(


about


sb/sth)



对…


的好奇




3



doubt

(


about


sb/sth)




对…的怀疑




4



ethusiasm


(


about


sth)





对…的热情




5



information


(


about


sb/sth)



关于…的信息



6



remark


(


about


sth)








对…的评论





7



opinion


(


about


sth)







对…的意见




8



view

(


about


sb/sth)




...


的 观





三、


be+adj+(about+


名词


)



1



be angry


(


about


sth)









为…而生气




2



be anxious



(


about



sth)







为…忧虑





3



be careful



(


about


sth)








当心…




4



be cautious


(


about


sth)




...


;对


...


持谨慎态度




5



be certain


(


about



sth)




确信关于某事




6



be curious


(


about


sth)




对…感到好奇




7



be disappointed


(


about


sth)




对…感到失望




8



be excited


(


about


sth)






对…感到兴奋




9



be glad/happy


(


about


sth)




对…感到高兴





10



be hopeful


(


about


sth)





对…抱有希望




11



be crazy/mad/wild


(


about



sth)






对…痴狂;酷爱某事




12



be nervous


(


about


sth)





为…感到不安


/



...

< p>
感到紧张




13



be optimistic/positive



(


about


sth)





...


是积极乐观的




14



be particular


(


about


sb/sth)




...


讲究,挑剔




15



be sad


(


about



sth)







为…而难





16



be serious


(


about


sth)





对…认真




17



be sorry


(


about


sth)







...


抱歉



作副词时的搭配


:





名词


+< /p>


动词


+about




1



sth


come about




某事发生




2



sth


get



about






某事


(尤 指消息


等)传开




3



sb


turn about






某人转身




4



sb


wander



about



某人徘徊,游





5



sb


walk about


某人走来走去



2



above



【原始含义】



a-b- over




A



B


上方





【引申含义】


prep.





1



在…上方



at or to a higher


place than sth/sb



eg: The sun rose above the


horizon.



2



数目大于…


/


重量超过…


/


价格(能力、







eg: She walked across the road.




2





...


对面



on the other side of


more than sth.; greater in number,


sth.



level or age than sb./sth.


eg: The bar is just across the







eg: There is nothing in the


street.


store above 50 cents.



3



交叉



cross



3




重要性或质量超过、胜过




eg: He sat with his arms across


of greater importance or of


his chest.


higher quality than sb/sth




4




...


各处, 遍及


...



everywhere





eg. I rate her above most




eg. The opinion is


other players of her age.



common across the university.




4



声音超过…




louder or clearer



than another sound



【常见搭配】








eg: I couldn



t hear her


动词


+(across+


名词


)


above the noise of the traffic.




1



A


come



(


across


B) A


偶遇


B



5



不至于,不屑于做某事





2



A


cut



(


across


B)



A








too good or too honest to


B< /p>


捷径;


A


打断


B


do sth




3



A


go



(


across


B)





A


穿过


B




eg. She is above



4



A



put



(


across


B)



A


suspicion.



解释清楚


B



A



B


送到 对岸





5



A


run



(


across


B)




A


横穿< /p>


B



【常见搭配】



A


偶然碰到


B







4



after

一、动词


+(above+


名词


)


【原始含义】



1



live


(


above


one



s income)




A



B


之后(强调顺序)




入不敷出地生活



【引申含义】



2



put



A



(


above


B)





A


看得


[prep]



B


更重要




1


)在…之后



(时间顺序、空间顺序)




3



rise


(


above



sth)




克服


...,








later than sth; following sth


....


的影响



in time



4



talk


(


above


one



s head)










eg: After dinner, they went


高深莫测地谈论



out for a walk.




2

< br>)


在…后面,仅次于(按重要性)


next

< p>
二、


be+(above+


名词

< br>)



to the following




1



be


(


above



oneself


)










eg. Your name comes after


兴高采烈


=


be in one’s high spirit



mine in the list.




2



be


(


above one’s head


)



3


与…对照、对比



in contrast to sth



难以理解


/


超出某人理解能力








eg. It was cool after the heat



outside.



3



across




4










following


the


【原始含义】



example of sb/sth


a-grass



“一 片草坪”,


across


指在







eg: Read the sentence after


平面上经过,就像人走过一片草坪那样。



me, please.


【引申含义】


prep.




[adv]





1



穿过


from one side to the


后来、以后



later in time,


other side


afterwords


eg:Soon after, she came back to


her hometown.





The prince and princess


lived happily ever after.




【常见搭配】



作介词时的搭配



一、



名词


+


动词


+(after+


名词

< p>
)



1



A


chase


(


after


B)




A


追赶< /p>


/




B



2



A


go


(


after


B) A


追逐


B.



3



A


look


(


after


B)





A


照顾


B.



4



A


model


(


after


B)




A



B


为榜样、原型;

< br>A


效仿


B



5



A


name


(


after


B)




A



B


作名字


.


(< /p>


6



A


run


(


after


B) A


追求


/


追赶


/


追逐


B.



7



A


search


(


after


B)



A


研究


B.



8



A


see


(


after


B)




A




B < /p>



9



A


seek


(


after


B)




A




B.



10



A< /p>


take


(


after


B)



A



B




.



二、(


after+


名词)

< br>



1



(


after a while


)








过了一会,不久


< br>(


2



(


after all


)


毕竟;终究




3



(


after



one’s own heart


)





正合


...


的心意;



5



against


【原始含义】



a-g-a

< p>


相对




【引申含义】




[prep]



1

< br>)


碰着、靠着



touching, close to


or hitting sb/sth



eg: She was leaning against a


tree.



2



反对



opposing or disagreeing


with sb./sth



eg: We should fight against


crimes.



3



预防



in order to prevent sth


from happening



eg: Save money against a rainy


day.


未雨绸缪




4



违反(违反法律、制度)






eg: It is against the law to hunt


tigers. < /p>



5



不利于< /p>



not to the advantage


or favor of sb./sth


eg: What he said is against him.



6



映衬



with sth in the


background as a contrast








Eg. The red flag stood out


clearly against the blue sky.




7


和…相比



in contrast to sth








eg. You must weigh the


benefits against the cost.



【常见搭配】



一、动词


+(against+


名词


)



1




act


(


against



sth)








违反


...



2




argue


(


against


sth)






...


而 争辩


/


据理反对




3




compete


(


against


sb)








与某人比赛


/


竞争


/


对抗




4




decide


(


against


sth/doing


sth)



考虑后不做某事


/


声明反对某事




5




declare


(


against


sb/sth)





表态反对


...





6




fight


(


against


sth)







反对…;与


...


做斗争

< br>



7




go


(


against


sth)








反…




8




inform


(


against


sb)




告发、


检举某人




9




lean


(


against


sth)







靠着某物


/


斜靠某物




10



offend


(


against


sth)





违犯…




1 1



press


(


against


sth)







压在…上




12



protect


(


against


sth)






保护免受…的伤害




13



prepare


(


against


sth)






防备…




1 4



strike


(


against


sth)





罢工


抗议


...


15



struggle


(


against


sb/sth)





...


搏斗


/


反抗




16



tu rn


(


against


sth)






背叛…





17



vote


(


against


sth)







投票反对…




18



warn


sb (


against


sth)





提醒某人提防某事




二、


be+adj+(against+


名词


)



1


< p>
be



prejudiced


(


against


sb/sth)







...


持有偏见




2



be proof


(


against


sth)




可防


止…的




3



be set


(


against


sth)


坚决反



...


6



around


【原始含义】



a+round



A


在一个圆里面(在一定

< br>范围内)





【引申含义】



[prep]



1



在…周围


,


围绕



surrounding


sb/sth



eg: There are many bars around


the town.

< br>(


2



在附近,到处

< p>


in or to many


places



eg: I showed him around our


campus.


[adv]




1



大约


approximatel y








eg: There are around 1000


people watching the game. < /p>



2



在周围< /p>








eg : How can you make the


wheel go around?




3



在附近、到处








eg: I ran around to find him.




【常见搭配】



作介词时



一、动词

< br>+(around+


名词


)



1



center

(


around


sth)








...


为中心


,


集中于


...


2



look


(


around


sth)








环顾


...


;游览


...




3



wrap


(


around


sth)





缠绕住 ...;环绕


...






around +


名词




1



(


around

the corner)






...


靠近、临近、快来了;




2



(

< p>
around


the clock)




日夜不


停地;夜以继日地




作副词时



名词


+


动词


+around



1



sb

< p>
gaze



around













某人向四周看,环视




2



sth



get



around




某事(尤指消息、谣言等)走动、流传




3



sb/sth



turn



around








某人或某物转身




7



at


【原始含义】



在场所,时间上的一点




【引申含义】


prep.




1



小地点


,


或小时间点









used to say where sb/sth is


or when sth happens





eg: Usually, he is (at his office) (in


the morning).







She went to school (at 8


o



clock) (in the morning).





2



在几岁时




the age (at which


sb does sth)









eg: She was married (at 23).




3


向,朝某人或某物




in the


direction towards sb/sth









eg: Don’


t point at me.



knock at the door, shoot at the


tiger, aim at the enemy




4



从相隔 …远的地方




the


distance away from sth








eg: Can you read that poster


(at fifty miles)?





You



d better keep him (at a


distance).




5







种状





the


situation


sb/sth is in




eg: Mr. Smith is (at lunch).






The country is (at war).






Bill was


(at his best)


in college.



(at one



s best:


某人的辉煌时



)

< br>(


17



shout

< p>
(


at


sb)





朝某人喊叫




18



smile


(


at


sb)






向某人微笑




19



target


(


at


sb/sth)







准…,以…为目标




20



wonder


(


at


sth)



对…好奇


/


对…感到吃惊




21



yell


(


at


sb)



对某人大喊大叫



二、


(at+


名词


)


< p>


1



(


at the age


) (


of


some number)










21< /p>



(


at last


)















最后,终于




22



(


at least


)





至少,起码



有空,闲暇时



23



(


at leisure


)






24


)< /p>


(


at the moment


)





现在,眼下


...



25



(


at any price


)







6




在某方面



in terms of




eg: I am not good (at


football).




7




表示引发某种情绪或动作的原因









to show the cause of sth





eg: He showed no sign of


pleasure (at seeing her).







I was delighted (at the


result)+.



【常见搭配】



一、动词


+(at+


名词


)





1



aim



(


at



sth)





以…为目标;瞄


准…;针对…;




2



arriv e



(


at


sth)






到达某地或


某种程度




3



blush

< p>
(


at


sth)







...


感到脸


红;




4



com e


(


at


sb/sth)



攻击某人;


发现某事




5



fire


(


at


sth)




...


开火




6



gaz e


(


at


sb/sth)




凝视


,




...



7



get


(


at


sth )






到达


,


接近


...



着手


...

< br>;暗指


...


;意知


...;



8



gla nce


(


at


sb/sth)


一瞥,


扫视


...

< br>(


9



glare


(


at


sb/sth)





...


怒目而





10



grab/grasp


(


at


sb/sth)




...




11



kn ock



(


at


sth)





敲…




(< /p>


12



laugh


(


at


sb)






嘲笑某人




13



look



(


at


sb


/


sth)



看…




14



point


(


at


sb/sth)


指向


/


瞄准



/


针对…




15



run


(


at


sb/sth)




向某人冲


去;



达到某种水平



16



shoot



(


at



sth)





朝…射击



在几岁




2



(


at an altitude


) (


of


some


number)


在某个高度




3



(


at the cost/expense


)(


of


sth)







...


为 代价




4



(


at the end


) (


of


sth)











...


的结尾




5



(


at the request


) (


of


sb)









应某人的请求



6



(


at the risk


) (


of


sth/doing sth)



冒着


....


的风险




7



(


at the sight


)(


of


sb/sth)







一看见


....

< br>(


8



(


at a speed


)(


of


some number


)





...


的 速度




9



(


at the thought


)(


of


sb/sth)




一想到


...


10



(


at birth


)













出生时




11



(


at bottom


)










其实,实


际上




12



(


at one



s command


)






听候...的差遣




13



(


at the corner


)










在拐角处




14



(< /p>


at dawn/daybreak


)








在黎明


,


在拂晓




1 5



(


at a discount


)










减价、折扣




16



(


at first


)




最初,开始时



17



(


at hand


)


在手边,即将发生




18



(


at home


)



在家


/


国内






19< /p>



(


at large


)


自由,逍遥法外




20



(


at length


)





详细地





不惜任何代价,无论如何




26



(


at one time


)







过去,曾经,一度




27



(


at the same time


)





同时



(< /p>


28



(


at work


)








在工作



三、


be+adj+(at+


名词


)


(< /p>


1



be



angry


(


at


sb/sth)




...


生气




2



be< /p>



competent


(


at


sth)







...


方面有能力




3



be delighted


(


at


sth)








...


感到非常高兴



4



be



disappointed


(


at


sb/sth)




...

< p>
感到失望




5



be



dissatisfied


(


at


sb/sth)





...


不满意




6



be



expert


(


at


sth/doing sth)


专长,擅长于,精通




7



be skilled


(


at


sth/doing sth)




...


方面有技能,熟练




8



be



gifted


(


at


sth/doing sth)




...


有 天赋




9



be



good


(


at


sth/doing sth)




擅长


...



10



be



hopeless


(


at


sth/doing


sth)






...


感 到绝望;对


...


一筹莫展




11



be



mad


(


at


sb/sth)








..


愤怒




12



be



surprised


(


at


sb/sth)



...


感到吃惊




13



be terrfied


(


at


sth/doing sth)



...


惊吓




14



be



weak


(


at


sth/doing sth)




...


方 面欠缺,差




8



before



【原始含义】


be+fore



在…之前“(时间、空间、


顺序)




【引申含义】


prep.


< p>


1



时间上

< p>


earlier in time


eg: Please come back (before


10:00pm).



2



空间上


earlier in position


eg:


Don’t put the cart (before


the horse).



3



顺序上


earlier in order or


arrangement


eg: Health should come (before


wealth).



4




当(某人)面




in the presence


of sb






eg : She charged him of


murder (before the jury).




【常见搭配】:


< br>一、动词


+(before+


名词


)




1



A


come


(


before


B)







A



B


之上,比


B


更重 要




2


)< /p>


complain


(


before


sb)




在某


人面前控诉



3



go


(


before


sb)









出现在某人面前



< br>4



put


/

< br>set


A (


before


B)







A


看的比


B


重要




5< /p>



stand


(


before


sb/sth)






站立在…前面



二、(


before +


名词)




1



(


before day


)









破晓之前




2



(


be fore long


)









不久以后




3



(


be fore one's eyes


)






当着某人的面



4



(


before time


)









提前



(< /p>


5



(


befo re the wind


)






顺风


< /p>



6



(


before the world


)




在众人面前




9



behind


【原始含义】



be + hide





在…之后




【引申含义】



[prep]




1



空间上,


在…后面



at the back of


sb/sth



eg: A dog is running (behind us).


A dog is running (after us).



2


是产生…的原因









responsible for stating or


developing sth



eg: There must be someone


(behind it).





What



s (behind that happy


smile)?


< br>(


3



时间上,在之后



sth is in the


past



eg: New York is 12 hours (behind


Beijing) (in time).


(4



能力上,在之后



making less


progress than sb./sth





eg: He



s (behind the rest of


others) (in reading).




5



支持,


赞成



giving approval of


sth




eg : My mother is always (behind


me) (whatever decision I make).



[adv]


在后面,在远处



eg: She rode (along the street)


(with her dog) (running behind).




作介词时:



一、动词


+(behind+


名词


)




1



fal l


/


lag


(


behind


sb/sth)






落在…后面




2



go


(


behind


sth)







进一步斟酌…



They will go behind the decision.


二、(


behind +


名词)





1



(


be hind bars


)












在狱中




2



(


behind sb’s back


)







在背后




3



(


behind the


schedule/time


)




晚点、推迟




4



(


b ehind the times


)








过时、落伍




作副词时:





1



sb


stay/ remain



behind







某人(在他人走后)逗留,留下




2



sb


wait behind





某人(在别


人走后)留下


< p>


3



leave


sth/sb


behind


忘带,留


下某物;超越某人



10



beside



【原始含义】



be+side



在…边上




【引申含义】


prep.



1




...


旁边



next to…; by the side


of…





eg: a town (beside the sea)







She sat (beside the teacher).



2




...


相比



compared with




eg: My work is so poor (beside


yours).



【常见搭配】



beside+


名词)




1



(


beside



oneself


)






高兴


的不得了




2



(


b eside the point


)



离题,不


中肯;与…无关



11



besides


【原始含义】



beside+s


“除…外,还有…”


in


addition to sb/sth


[prep]



eg: There were two other students


(in the classroom) (besides Tom).



【常见搭配】



besides+


名词


/

动名词



eg: We have a lot (in common)



(besides



music)


.






(


Besides



working) (as a


doctor)


, he also writes a lot of stories.


12


between




【原始含义】



be-two- in


“在两者之间”



【引申含义】



prep.




1




空间、时间、顺序、等级上,在


两者之间




in the middle of two things in


terms of space, time, order, class etc.







eg: (Between two strange


buildings) stands a tree.





His age is (between sixty and


seventy).



2



表示两者之间 的某种关系










to show a connection or


relationship







eg: He has to decide


(between life and death).




There is a great difference


(between the two articles).



You should learn between


lines


(字里行间)


.



3



合用、共享









shared by two or more


people or things








eg: This is a secret (between


you and me).


(仅在我们俩之间)


.





We drank a bottle of wine


(between us).




【常见搭配】



一、动词


+(between+


名词


)





1



draw a clear dividing line


(


between


sth)



明显区分…




2



make a difference


(


between


sb/sth)






区别对待…




3



read


(


between lines


)



读出


字里行间的言外之意


< p>


4



stand


(


between


sth/sb)







阻碍…





二、名词


+(between+


名词


)



1



balance


(


between


A and B)








A



B


的均衡



We should always consider the


balance (between cost and benefit).



2



connec tion


(


between


sth/sb)















某人或某物之间的联系





13



be yond



【原始含义】



be+yond


“(在彼处)“在…之外”




【引申含义】:


prep.




1




在…较远的一边







on the further side of sth




eg: The village is beyond the


mountain.




2




时间上晚于…









later than a particular time






eg: It won



t go on


(beyond midnight).




3




超出某人的能力范围,非…所及






far too advanced for sb





eg: The bag is (beyond


my reach).




4




表示…是不可能的






to say that sth is impossible




eg: The bicycle is (beyond repair).



【常见搭配】


一、


(beyond+


名词


)




1



(


beyond



one



s


ability/strength/power


)





超越


某人的能力



2



(


beyond



belief


)





难以置信




3



(


beyond comparison


)




无法


比喻




4



(


beyond cure


)











无可救药




5



(


beyond

< br>


control


)








无法控制




6



(


be yond



doubt/suspicion


)



不容置疑




7



(


beyond

< br>


one



s wildest


dreams


)


做梦也想不到




8



(


beyond



one



s endurance


)


无法忍受


< /p>



9



(


beyond expression


)









无法表达





10


)< /p>


(


beyond imagination


)







超出想象




11



(


beyond



measure


)





法估量




12



(< /p>


beyond



praise


)






美不完,称赞不绝




13



(

< br>beyond



price


)








极其珍贵,无价的





14



(

< br>beyond



one



s reach


)





在某人够不着的地方




15



(


beyond



reason


)








不合理




16



(


be yond recognition


)


难以


认出




17



(


be yond



repair


)


无法修复




18



(


beyond



the seas


)






到海




(< /p>


19



(


bey ond understanding


)





难以理解




20



(< /p>


beyond words


)






无法形容



She is very beautiful.


She is elegant.


Her beauty is beyond words.



21



(


b eyond sb


)









为某人所不能


理解





二、动词


+(beyond+


名词


)



1



go


(


beyond


sth)









超出


...,


超过


...




3



see


(


beyond


sth)





预料< /p>


...


;预见


...



14



by



【原始含义】




“在旁边”



【引申含义】



prep.



1



在…旁边



at the side of







eg: We prefer a table (by the


window).



2



不迟于,在…之前



before






eg: We have studied several


prepositions (by now).







I shall have finished the work (by


the time you return).

< br>(


3



表示方式




in which way sth is


done








eg: I go to school (by bus).




4



通过…;根据…



according to sth







eg: He can tell the direction


(by the stars).





Don’t judge a person (by his


looks).



5



按…计算



the degree or


amount of sth








eg: Eggs are usually sold



by


dozen



.





The temperature has risen



by


5 degrees



.

< p>


6



由于…

< p>



as a result of









eg: They met (by chance).






I did it (by mistake).




7



被…


used







eg: He was shocked (by what


he had seen).



8




表示触及或抓住人物的部分





used to show the part of sb that


another person catches





eg: I seized her (by the


hair).




9




表示逐步推进


;



the rate sth


happens



eg: He is making progress


(day by day).




10




以…的名义



in the name of




eg: I swear (by Almighty


God) (that I will never betray


my country).



adv.




1




经过



past






eg: Time goes by quickly.




He hurried by (without


speaking to me).




2




短暂拜访







eg: Please drop by (when


it is convenient) (for you).




【常见搭配】



作介词时




一、


by+


名词




1




(


by



accident/chance


)





然地




2




(


by coincidence


)




巧合地




3




(


by



all means


)






想尽一


切办法、一定要




4




(


by means


)(


of


sb/sth)





助于…




5




(


by no means


)






绝不,一


点儿也不




6




(


by



appearance


)






从外表




7




(


by comparison


)




相比之下




8




(


by



contrast


)



对比之下




9




(


by



definition


)






根据定


义,实质上


< br>(


10



(

by hand


)





人工地




11



(


by heart


)





靠记忆,背诵



12



(


by



mistake


)






错误地




1 3



(


by nature


)




天性上,本质




14



(


by



turns


)





轮流地




1 5



(


by



the way


)







顺便说一下




二.动词


+



by+


名词)





1



come


(


by


sth)



(


尤指通过努


力)获得…


;


偶然得到…




2



go


(


by


sth)






顺便走访…




3



judge



sb/sth



(


by


sth)


通过…判


断,断定某物或某人




4



liv e


(


by


sth)






...


为生计;


遵守,遵循…




5


< br>pass


(


by


sth)




经过…;



考虑,回避…



< br>6



profit


(


by


sth)





从…中获益




7



swear


(


by


sb/sth)


极其信赖某


人;对某物发誓




8



take


sb (


by


sth)




抓住某人的


某个部位




9



tell


(


by


sth)



根据…判断,推





三、


be+


过去分词


+



by+

< br>名词)




1



be characterized



(


by


sth)



以…为特征




2



be



disgusted


(


by


sth)







对…厌恶




3



be



distracted


(


by


sb/sth)




力被…分散




4



be



replaced


(


by


sb/sth)





被…取代




四、



名词


+by+


名词




1



bit by bit




一点一点地,


逐渐地




2



day by day





一天一天地,逐



< br>(


3



inch by inch




一点一点地




4



little by little






逐渐




5



one by one









一个


接一个




6



side by side











7



step by step








部就班地




8



year by year








年年,


逐年




作副词时:





名词


+


动词


+by




1



sb


drop



by





某人


顺便访问




2



sb


get



by






某人


勉强接受;设法勉强生存




3



sb


stand



by








某人袖手旁





4



sb


stop



by








(顺便 )


过访,


串门



15



despite



【原始含义】




尽管、不顾



= in spite of





eg: The old professor kept on


working



despite his poor health



.


【常见搭配】



prep.




1



despite sth/doing sth



尽管


某事,尽管做了某事





eg : He failed



in the exam





despite



all the efforts



.






Despite


applying for


hundreds of jobs



, he is still out of


work.



2



despite the fact that+


句子





尽管事实是…



eg. She kept learning French


despite the fact that


she found it


difficult


< br>(


3



despite oneself



尽管不愿意








eg. He had to laugh


despite


himself


.



16



down


【原始含义】




向下




【引申含义】



[prep]


(1)


表示自上而下,向下,往下



from


top to bottom




eg: In order to catch the bus


they run (down the hill).



Tears run down her face quietly.


(2)


沿着河、沿着路



along





eg: He walked down the road.



We sailed down the river.


[adv]


(1)



向下,朝下




to or at a lower place



eg: He looked down (at her).



(2)



(数量、力量等)减弱,降低






to show that the amount or


strength of sth is lower




eg: He finally settle down (in


Florida).



(3)



向南方,在南方



to or in the south


of a country




eg: They flew down (to


Texas).



(4)



(写)在纸上;(列)在表格上



on


paper, on a list




Eg: Have you got me down


(for the trip)?




【常见搭配】



作副词时




一、动词


+


(名词)


+down



1



blow


sth


down





倒,吹倒


...

< br>(


2



break


sth


down





毁;克服


....



3



burn


sth


down







...



4



clo se


sth


down






...



5



cut


sth


down







砍伐


...


;缩减


...



6



hold


sth


down









阻止,控制


....



7



keep


sth/sb


down








控制;压迫


...



8



knock


sb/sth


down






撞击,撞倒


...



9



mark


sth


down






录,写下


...

< br>(


10



narrow


sth


down






缩小


...



11



note


sth


down






录,写下


...

< br>(


12



pass



sth


down







...



13



settle


sb


down







使


...


平静


/


安静 下来




14



let


sb


down








让某人失望




15



turn


sth


down







...



16



write


sth


down




记下


...


二、名词


+


动词


+down




1



sth


break



down








某物坏





2



sb


calm down





某人冷静下





3



sth


come down




某物掉下来,


下跌




4



sth


cool



down





某物冷却




5



sth/sb


fall



down








某物坍


塌;某人失败




6



sth


go down







某物落下,


沉下




7



sb


kneel



down





某人跪下




8



sb


look down






某人向下看




9



sb


look down (on


sb/sth)





某人瞧不起


...



10



sth


pour



down








(雨水


等)倾泻



11



sb/sth


slow down





...


减速



17



during


【原始含义】



在…期间


”< /p>



all through


a period of time




eg: Not a word did they say


(during the meal).






I haven’t had any meat


(during the last several years).






I saw Linda (during the


meeting).


18



except



【原始含义】



ex-cept



拿出来




take out,


除…以外




eg: Everyone was here except


Tom.



【注



意】


b esides


表示


“加”


< p>
except


表示“减”




【常见搭配】



1



except for


sth







除……之外



;


除去…




2



except (that


+


句子


)




除了…




3



not hing (except


sth)





只有…



19



for



【原始含义】



“特定的某一方面”



因为



为了



过多久



【引申含义】


prep




1



表示某一特定目的< /p>



meant to be


given to...






eg: I bought a gift for you.



He planned to write some stories


for children.




You have won honor for our


country.




Many people come here for the


beautiful scenery every year.




The government provides water


and food for the poverty-stricken


areas.




2



表示某一特定 方向


(车、


船等)


< br>往,向,朝着


...





towards...






eg: She has left



for London



.





The bus is for Shanghai.





Passengers



for Tianjin




change at Beijing.






3



表示某物特 定的价值、


数量



the


price of...







eg: I paid 5 dollars (for that


book).




He rent the house (to me) (for


3000 yuan per month).




4



在某一特定方面,


当做,


作为




as



eg: I will keep it (for a souvenir).



Most of the museums have been


used (for offices).







Don



t take others




kindness (for granted).


A take B for granted.




5



表示特定的原因:因为,由于

< br>...



Because of ...






eg: Bejing is famous (for its


long history).




I was grateful (to you) (for what


you had done).





He was criticized (for the


careless attitude).





Forgive me (for keeping you


waiting) (for a long time).





6



表示在某一特定方面或出于某种


特定原因 的赞成、支持








in support


of ...







eg: I vote (for Mr. Li).







Our manager is (for cutting


down production cost).




7



表示特定时间或距离





certain length of time or distance




eg: We have learned English (for


six years).







I haven



t seen you (for ages).







That afternoon we walked (for


miles) (along the river).




8



在某一特定方面的影响,对于


...



in regard to ....



eg: She has a good taste (for


music).







He has a natural gift (for


drawing).







Dickens shows great


sympathy (for the poor) (in his novels).







It



s good (for you) (to do


exercise regularly).




9




...


而言,考虑到

...



considering








eg: She is small (for her age).







His maturity seems unsuitable


(for a boy of sixteen).







It



s quite fine weather (for


spring).









【常见搭配】



一、动词


+(for+


名词


)


(< /p>


1



answer


(


for


sth)




2



appeal< /p>


(


for


sb)

< br>(


3



argue


(


for


sth)





4



ask


(


for


sth)


请求要…




5



charge


(


for


sth/doing sth)




...


要 价,收费




6



compete


(


for


sth)





7



account


(


for


sth)




8



allow


(


for


sth)




9



call


(


for


sb/sth)





10


)< /p>


care


(


for



sb/sth)





11


)< /p>


dig


(


for


sth)




12


)< /p>


enter


(


for


sth)




13



go


(


for


sb/sth)





进攻某人;


喜欢,想要某物




14



head


(


for


some place)


朝某


地前进




15



leave

< br> (


for


some place)


出发


前往某地




16



hope

< br> (


for


sth)






17< /p>



long


(


for


sth)






18< /p>



look


(


for


sth/sb)




19



hunt


(


for


sth)




20


)< /p>


search


(


for


sb/sth)





21


)< /p>


pay


(


for


sth)





22


)< /p>


prepare


(


for


sth)





23


)< /p>


send


(


for


sb)






24



si gn


(


for


sth)




25


)< /p>


stand


(


for


sth/sb)






26< /p>



strive/struggle


(< /p>


for


sth)


< br>为


...



奋斗




27


< br>study


(


for


sth)




28



vote


(


for


sb)




29


)< /p>


wait


(


for


sb/sth)




30


)< /p>


have an ear/eye


(


for



sth)


< br>...



鉴赏力




31



pave the way


(


for


sth)





...



平道路,扫除障碍




二、


be+


形容词


+(for+


名词


)



1



be ambitious


(


for


sth)





...


雄心壮志的




2



be anxious


(


for


sb/sth)






...


焦 虑的,急切的




3



be appropriate/suitable/fit


(


for



sb/sth)









....


适合的



...


负责





4



be


celebrated/famous/noted


出庭为< /p>


...


辩护



(


for


sth)




...


争辩









...


而 著名的




5



be


competent/qualified



(


for



sth/doing sth)










...


能 够胜任的







...


竞争





6



be desperate






解释,说明


(


for


sth)



...








急需要






...


考虑到




...



7



be


eager/hungry/thirsty






去接某人;需要某物


(


for



sth)


渴望


...








喜欢,想要


...



8



be good



(



for




寻求…


sb/sth)














报名参 加



...


有益


...




9



be intended


(


for


sth)







...


而 计划的,设计的




10



be


prepared/ready



(


for



sth)





...


准备好的




11



be responsible


(


for


sth)








...


负责




12



be sorry



(




for



期待,希望


sb/sth)


....





...


感到惋惜的






渴望



...



13



be


sufficient






寻找


...


(


for



sb/sth)









...



是足够的


追寻,猎取





14



be praised




搜寻

< p>
(


for


...


sth)










...


付款,为



...


而受表扬


...


付出代价





15



be


blamed/criticized




...


准备



(


for



sth)









...


而受责备




16



be convenient



(


for


sb)









...


是方便的




17



be possible


(


for


sb)










...


是可能的




18



be grateful


(


for


sth)










...


感激




三、名词


+(for+


名词


)



1



affection


(


for


sb/sth)










...


的喜爱




2



appeal


(


for


sth)








...


的呼吁




3



app etite


(


for


sth)












...


的 欲





4< /p>



candidate


(


for


sth)









...


的候选人



5



capacity/cap ability


(


for



sth/doing sth)



. ..


的能力




6



cause


(


for


sth)







...


的原因




四、


for+


名词




1



(


for the moment/present


)





暂时,现在







2



(


for my part


)





就我而言




3



(


fo r pleasure/fun


)









为了消遣




4



(


fo r sale


)




出售




5< /p>



(


for example / instance


)






例如


< /p>



6



(


for the sake


)



(


of


sth)





为了< /p>


...


起见;为了…的利益


< p>


7



(


for fear


)



(


of


sth) / (


for fear


)



(


that


+


句子


)


以免


,


唯恐



Please take the umbrella (for fear)


(of rain).




8



For one thing,...



For


another


, ...










一方面


,...


< br>另一方面,


....


(用来


举例 )




20




from


【原始含义】





“从


.. .


离开”



【引申含义】



prep.




1



地点或时间上从


...


起始









to show where or when sth


starts








eg: What is the distance from


Beijing to Shanghai?





He showed great interest in


music from an early age.




2



区别于


...









distinguish between two


people or things








eg: You should learn to tell


right from wrong.







They could not distinguish


one from the other,




3



免遭,免受

< p>
...



to show that sth is


prevented








eg: He saved the child from


drowning.






Trees protect the city from


sandstorms.


(< /p>


4



使不做某事,


使离开



keep sth away







eg: Her mother discourages


her from living outside.








5




...


原料制成









eg: The coat is made from


nylon.






Flour is made from wheat.




6



原因,


根据



the reason for making


a judgment








eg: He is suffering from a


stomachache.



【常见搭配】




一、名词+


(from+

< p>
名词


)



1

< p>


absence


(


from


sth)








...


中的缺席




2



dif ference


(


from


sth)








...


的不同




3



independence


(


from


sb/sth)



...


中的独立




5



rec overy


(


from


sth)




...


中 的


康复




二 、动词


+(from+


名词


)



1



arise


(


from


sth)





< /p>



...


产生,引起



2



benefit


(


from


sth)





获益于


...


3



come


(


from


sth)


出身于


...





...


引起




4



dat e


(


from



some time)





始于


...


时候






5



die



(


from



sth)




死于


...



6



keep/stop/prevent


sb/sth



(


from



sth/doing sth)




阻止


...



某事




7



discourage


sb (


from



sth/doing sth)














使


...


气 馁,劝阻


...


不做某事


< p>


8



divide


A (


from


B)









A



B


隔开


< /p>



9



esca pe


(


from



sth)






逃脱


,< /p>


逃离


...



10



graduate


(


from


sth)





毕业于


...


11



grow


(


from


sth)










...


发展而来




12



hear


(


from


sb)








收到


...


来信






13



infer

(


from


sth)








...


推断




14



ju dge


(


from



sth)






根据~~来判断



< br>15



protect/preserve


A (


from


B)


保 护


A


免受


B


的 伤害




16



keep away


(


from


sb/sth)




远离


...



17



range


(


from


A)



(


to


B)





范围为


A~B


18



result


(


from



sth)




归因于


...


19



recover


(


from


sth)









..


中恢复




20



re lease


sb (


from


sth)




将某人从


...


中释放




21



separa te


A (


from



B)






A



B


分离开




22



sh elter


(


from


sth)







躲避


...






23



suffer


(


from


sth)







...


折磨




三、


be+


形容词+(


from+


名词)




1



be absent


(


from


sth)





缺席


...



2



be different


(


from


sth)




不同于


...



3



be far


(


from


sth)







远非


...



4



be remote


(


from



sth)






距离


.. .


遥远




5



be safe


(


from



sth)







安全,未遭受


...



6



be free


(


from



sth)






不受


.. .


的影响




7



be tired


(


from



sth)








因……而疲劳




四、其他短语



1



from place to place






处处




2< /p>



from beginning to end





从开始到结束



3



from time to time






不时地,偶尔地



< br>4



from the bottom of one



s


heart




从心底




5



from now on












从现在起




6



from bad to worse












越来越糟




21




in


【原始含义】



“在

< br>...


范围之中”



【引申含义】



prep




1




...


范围之中


(时间、地点)





eg: We sat down in the shade of


the trees.







Rome was not built in a day.



2




. ..


情绪之中





eg:I am in doubt about it.







They are in great enthusiasm


about the project.


3




...


状态之中





eg:You have put yourself in


danger.







Their economy was in chaos.







Please put all the books in


order.



4

< br>)


穿着


...




eg: The police were all in plain


clothes.







I was in a jacket that day.



5




...


语 言





eg: The letters were written in


Chinese.







What’s this in English?



【常见搭配】



一、动词


+



in+


名词)



(1)




add


(


in


sth)










添加,加入


...


(2)




believe


(


in


sb/sth)






相信,信任


...


(3)




break


(


in


sb/sth)






插话,打断


...


(4)




bring


(


in


sth)







赚进,获得


...


(5)




call


(


in


sb/sth)








召来


...;


收回


...


(6)




delight


(


in


sth/doing sth)




喜欢



...


(7)




end


(


in


sth)










...


结尾



(8)




engage


(


in


sth)








参加,从事


...


(9)




fill


(


in


sth)










填写


...;


填满


...


(10)



get


(


in


sth)









买进,收进


...


(11)



give


(


in


sth)









上交


....


(12)



grow


(


in


sth)









...


方 面增长



(13)



hand


(


in


sth)









提交


...


(14)



instruct


sb


(


in



sth/doing


sth)



教授,传授某人


..


(15)



invest



time/money/energy


(


in



sth)






将时间


/


金钱


/


精力投资于某事



(16)



lie


(


in


sth)










在于


...


(17)



lose


oneself


(


in


sth/doing


sth)



头于


...


(18)



major/specialize


(


in


sth)




主修


...




专攻


...


(19)



participate/take


part



(


in



sth/doing sth)


参加


...


(20)



persist


(


in


sth/doing sth)






坚持做


...


(21)



play a part/role


(


in


sth/doing sth)




. ..


中起作用



(22)



put


(


in


sth)














...


,补充进


...


(23)



put


sb/sth (


in the shade


)





使


...


相 形见绌



(24)



put oneself


(


in



sb



s shoes


)




设身处地为


...




(25)



result


(


in


sth)










导致


...


(26)



send


(


in


sth)
















...


(27)



succeed


(


in


sth/doing sth)





成功做


...


(28)



take


(


in


sb)














...


住宿



(29)



take


(


in


sth)












...


改小;


理 解


...



二、

be+


形容词


+



in+


名词)



(1)



be


interested



(


in



sth/doing


sth)





...


感 兴趣



(2)



be located


(


in


some place)






坐落于


...,


位于


...


(3)


be included


(


in


sth)









包含在


...




(4)


be rooted


(


in


sth)










植根于



(5)


be absorbed


(


in


sth/doing sth)





专心投入于


...


(6)


be abundant


(


in


sth)









...


方面丰富



(7)


be dressed


(


in


some color)






穿着某色的衣服



三、


in +


名词



(1)



(


in accord


)(


with


sth)









...


一致,和谐



(2)



(


in addition


)(


to


sth)










...


以外



(3)



(


in advance


)(


of


sth)









...


之前



(4)



(


in agreement


)(


with


sb/sth)





同意某人,同意某人的观点


.


(5)



(


in total


)















加起来,总共



(6)



(


in answer


)(


to


sth)









作为< /p>


...


的回答



(7)



(


in an attempt


)(to do sth)





试图做


...


(8)



(


in balance


)













处于均衡状态



(9)



(


in case


)(


of


sth)/


in case


(


that


+


句子


)


以防,唯恐


...


(10)



(


in chaos


)













在混乱状态



(11)



(


in charge


)(


of


sb/sth)









...


负责



(12)



(


in


combination


)(



with



sb/sth)



结合,联合


...


(13)



(


in comfort


)












安逸,舒服



(14)



(


in company


) (


with


sb)





和某人一同



(15)



(


in comparison


)(


with


sth)





...


比较起来



(16)



(


in compensation


)(


for


sth)




作为对


...


的补偿



(17)



(


in conclusion/summary


)





最后,总而言之



(18)



(


in condition/shape


)







状况好



(19)



(


in confidence


)










私下地,私密地



(20)



(


in conflict


) (


with


sb/sth)






...


矛盾,冲突



(21)



(


in connection


) (


with


sth)






...


有关



(22)



(


in consequence


) (


of


sth)





因为,由于


...


(23)



(


in consideration


) (


of


sth)





考虑到


...


(24)



(


in control


) (


of


sth)








掌握着,控制


...


(25)



(


in the corner


) (


of


sth)







...


的角落里



(26)



(


in course


) (


of


sth)










...


过程中



(27)



(


in curiosity


)










好奇地



(28)



(


in the dark


)









无知,不知



(29)



(


in one



s day


)









成功,兴盛



(30)



(


in debt


)













负债



(31)



(


in defence


) (


of


sth)







防御,保卫


...


(32)



(


in delight


)












高兴,满意



(33)



(


in demand


)










非常需要,受欢迎



(34)



(


in depth


)











深入地,彻底地



(35)



(


in the depth


) (


of


sth)







...


最深处



(36)



(


in despair


)










在绝望中



(37)



(


in detail


)











详细地



(38)



(


in difficulty


)









有困难,有麻烦



(39)



(


in disorder


)










乱七八糟



(40)



(


in



the distance


)








在远处



(41)



(


in essence


)










本质上,实质上



(42)



(


in



any event


)









不管怎样,无论如何



(43)



(


in



ex change


)(


for


sth)






交换


...


(44)



(


in



the face


)(


of


sth)







面临


...


(45)



(


in



fact


)













事实上



(46)



(


in



fashion


)










流行,时髦



(47)



(


in



favor/support


)


(


of



sb /sth)




...


(48)



(


in



the form


) (


of


sth)







...


的形式,状态



(49)



(


in front


) (


of


sth)








...


前面



(50)



(


in the future


)









将来



(51)



(


in



general


)










通常



(52)



(


in



a manner


)








在某种意义上



(53)



(


in



memory


) (


of sb/sth


)





纪念


...


(54)



(


in a minute/moment


)




马上,很快


...


(55)



(


in a good/bad mood


)




情绪好


/




(56)



(


in operation


)





工作


中,运转着;起作用,生效



(57)



(


in



the first place


)






第一,首先



(58)



(


in



point


) (


of


sth)








...


而言,关于


...


(59)



(


in



possession


) (


of


sth)




占有,拥有



(60)



(


in



power


)











执政,掌权



(61)



(


in



principle


)









原则上,理论上



(62)



(


in public)











公开地,当众



(63)



(


in large quantities


)






大量



(64)



(


in



rags


)











穿着破旧衣服



(65)



(


in



some respects


)







在某些方面



(66)



(


in



respect


) (


of


sth)








...


而言



(67)



(


in response


) (


to


sth)






作为对


...


的反应



(68)



(


in



return


) (


for


sth)







作为对


...


的交换



(69)



(


in ruins


)












毁坏,衰败



(70)



(


in



the long/short run


)





长远看;短期看



(71)



(


in a rush


)











匆忙



(72)



(


in search


) (


of


sb/sth)






寻找,搜寻


...


(73)



(


in



a sense


)










在某种意义上



(74)



(


in



short


)











简言之



(75)



(


in



high/low spirits


)






情绪高


/




(76)



(


in



spite


) (


of


sth)








虽然,尽管


...


(77)



(


in store


)












贮藏,准备


;



将发生



(78)



(


in trouble


)










陷入困境



(79)



(


in turn


)











依次




22



inside


【基本含义】


prep.





“在


.. .


里面(静态)”




eg: I looked into the box, only to


find nothing inside it.


It was the first time he had been


inside a theatre.



【常见搭配】




inside out


:


彻底底,完全地




eg: He turned his drawer


inside


out


for his car key.




23



into




基本含义




“进入


...


的里面(动态)”



【引申含义】



prep.



1



进入,到


...


里面



eg: It was raining, so they went into


the house.





A look of joy came into his eyes.




2



表示“变成,成为”






eg: The book has been


translated into many languages.




All the buildings have been


turned into hospitals.




3



表示“进入某种状态”






eg: I burst into tears.




Many companies went into


bankruptcy.



【常见搭配】



一、动词


+sb/sth+(into+


名词


)



(1)


argue


sb (


into


doing sth)


劝说


某人做某事




(2)


break


(


into


sth)






突然开始


...;


打断


...;


闯入


...



(3)


bring


sth (


into focus


)



使


...


引起注意




(4)


bring


sth (


into force


)



使法


律、法规等生效,执行




(5)


burst


(


into


sth)






突然( 大哭


/


大笑


/


唱歌等)




(6)


change/turn


(


into


sth)





...


(7)


drive


sb (


into a corner)



将某人逼


得走投无路


..



(8)


evolve


(


into


sth)





进化成,发展成


...



(9)


expand


(


into


sth)





扩大成,发展成


...



(10)


fall


(


into


sth)






陷入< /p>


...


状态




(11)


get


(


into


sth)






养成


...;


陷入某种状态




(12)


go


(


into


sth)






参加,投身于


...;


审查


...



(13)


grow


(


into


sb/sth)



渐渐


成为,变成


...



(14)


look


(


into


sth)






调查,研究


...



(15)


pour


(


into


sth)






涌进


...



(16)


run


(


into


sb/sth)





碰到,遇到


...



(17)


take


sb/sth (


into account


)









...


加 以考虑




(18)


temp


sb (


into


sth/doing sth)








诱使< /p>


...


做某事




(19)


throw



oneself


(


into



sth/doing sth)



热情地投入


...





二、名词


+



into+


名词)




(1)


insight


(


into


sb/sth)










...


的洞察力




(2)


investigation/research


(


into



sth)




...


的 调查


/


研究




24




like


【基本含义】


“像”



【引申含义】



prep.




1




...


一样



of the same kind as...







eg: He was like a son to me.






He is lively, more like his


mother.




2



典型


...


的,一向是


...





typical


of ...







eg: It



s just like you to have


no idea of the value of money.






It



s like him to want to do


something different.



【常见搭配】



(1)



look


(


like


sth)










像是


...


的样子



(2)


feel


(


like


sth/doing sth)





想要


...



25



of


【基本含义】




“某东西的实质”



【引申含义】



prep.



1



属于

< p>


belong to




eg: I am a student of New


Oriental School.







I



m an old friend of her


mother.




2




...


制成的





eg: The desk is made of wood.







The clothes is made of cotton.


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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