-
Lesson
Eleven
On Getting Off to
Sleep
一、
Words and Expressions
1. avail n.
效用
use
be of
little/no avail
没有多大（一点儿）帮助、用处
Your advice is
of no avail to us.
你的建议对我们一点儿帮助都没有。
to little/no
avail, without avail
徒劳无功
v.
avail oneself of sth.
使用，利用
make use of, make advantage of
You must avail
yourself of every opportunity to speak English.
你要利用一切机
会说英语。
adj. available
2. bovine
adj. i.
牛的
ii.
迟钝的，笨拙的
dull, stupid
3. callous
adj.
冷酷无情的
cool,
indifferent, cruel, unsympathetic
4. corporal
adj.
of the human body
体罚
corporal punishment
5. crooked
adj.
歪的，弯曲的
not straight,
twisted, bent, curved
不老实的，不正当的
dishonest, illegal
crooked business
奸商
6. crushing
强烈的，压倒一切的
dominant,
overwhelming
dashing
：
energetic
7.
depth/width/strength/length
8. event
—
eventful
（变故多的
,
重要的
,
多事的）—
eventual
（最后的）
a
eventful year/life
eventual: final, ultimate
9. perish:
v.
破坏，灭亡
destroy,
die
Thousands of people perished in the
earthquake.
那次地震死者数以千计。
腐烂，老化
rot
adj.
perishable
易腐烂的，易坏的
Perishable food should be stored in the
refrigerator.
易腐烂的食物应该储存在冰
箱里。
imperishable
不朽的
10. inconsistency
n.
不一致
adj.
consistent
一贯的，前后一致的
adv. consistently
be
consistent with = in agreement
What you say now is not consistent with
what you said last week.
你现在说的话
与你上星期说的不相符。
n. consistency
一贯性，一致性
Your views lack consistency.
你的观点缺乏一致性。
11. effect
—
efficient
—
effectual
—
ineffectuality
（无效，不
灵验）
12. human
—
humanit
y
—
inhuman
（非人的，无情的
）
13. legion
n.
大量，众多
a large number
adj.
极多，大批
very
many, numerous
14. malice
n.
敌意，恶意
enmity, hostility
malice towards sb.
He
harbored malice towards you.
他对你怀有敌意。
a
look of malice
充满敌意的目光
他是出于恶意这样做的。
He did it out of
malice.
adj. malicious
恶毒的
adv.
maliciously
n. maliciousness
15. meditate
vi.
思考，考虑
think deeply, consider
meditate on/upon sth.
沉思，冥想
meditate on one's past
meditate doing sth.
考虑做什么
n.
meditation
religious meditation
宗教冥想
adj. meditative
meditative mood
沉思的心情
adv. meditatively
16. monotonyn.
单调乏味
boredom
relieve the monotony of everyday life
缓解日常生活的单调状况
adj. monotonoustedious, uninteresting,
boring, dull
adv. monotonously
17. oblivionn.
忘却
forgetting
Alcoholics often suffer from periods of
oblivion.
饮酒过度的人常阵阵失去记忆
力。
After his death, his works fell/sank
into oblivion.
他死后，他的作品便被淡忘
了。
adj. oblivious
未察觉，不注意，忘记
unaware
be oblivious of/to sth.
oblivious of one's surroundings
不注意周围环境
be
oblivious of danger
未注意到危险
18. pell-mell
adv.
匆忙地，杂乱地，仓促地
The children rushed pell-mell down the
stairs. = in a hurry/haste
孩子们乱哄哄
地冲下楼去。
The books are
scattered pell-mell over the floor. = in a disorde
r
书本凌乱地散
在地上。
19. remonstrate
v.
抗议，抱怨
protest,
complain about
remonstrate with sb.
against sth.
I remonstrated with him
about his rudeness.
他粗暴无礼，我给他提了意见。
remonstrate against cruelty to children
反对虐待儿童
n.
remonstrance
20. reproach
v.
责备
reproach sb.
for sth.
She reproached him for
forgetting their anniversary.
她责备他竟然忘记了
他们的
结婚周年纪念日。
I
have nothing to reproach myself for.
我问心无愧。
n.
beyond/above reproach
无可指责
adj. reproachful
adv.
reproachfully
21. stupendous
adj.
极大的
huge
，
gigantic
，
massi
ve
adv. stupendously
22. sycophant
n.
谄媚者
sycophancy
n.
adj. sycophantica
sycophantic smile
adv.
sycophantically
23. tangible
adj.
有形的，可触知的，明确的
tangible assets
有形资产
tangible proof
确凿的证据
n.
tangibilityadv. tangibly
24. torment
n./v. physical
or mental suffering
be in a great
torment
备受折磨
To
speak in front of large audience is a torment to
her.
在大庭广众之下讲话对
她来说是种折磨。
adj. tormenting
25. verify
v.
证实，核对，检查
n. verificationn. verity = truth
真实性，真理
26. vex
v.
生气，烦恼
annoy
She
was vexed that I was late again.
n.
vexation
adj. vexatious
二、
Text
On Getting Off
to Sleep
论入睡
What a bundle of
contradictions is a man!
a bundle of
n.Ⅰ.
一束，一捆
a bundle of flowers /
newspaper
Ⅱ. 大量
a bundle of sth. = a
mass of
v. bundle sth. up
把——捆起来
contradict
同
...
矛盾
,
同
...
抵触
本句翻译：人是一个多么矛盾的集合体啊！
Surely, humour
is the saving grace of us, for without it we
should die of vexation.
grace
优雅
With me, nothing illustrates the
contrariness of things better than the matter of
sleep. If, for example, my intention is
to write an essay, and I have before me ink and
pens and several sheets of virgin
paper, you may depend upon it that before I have
gone
very far I feel an overpowering
desire for sleep, no matter what time of the day
it is.
intention
意图
virgin paper
未用过的纸，白纸
blank paper
overpowering: strong
强烈的
I stare at the reproachfully blank
paper until sights and sounds become dim and
confused, and it is only by an effort
of will that I can continue at all. Even then, I
proceed half-heartedly, in a kind of
dream. But let me be between the sheets at a late
hour, and I can do anything but sleep.
Between chime
（钟声）
and chime
of the clock I
can
write
essays
by
the
score
（二十）
.
Fascinating
subjects
and
noble
ideas
come
pell-mell,
each with its appropriate imagery and
expression. Nothing stands between me and
half-a-dozen imperishable masterpieces
but pens, ink, and paper.
proceed
v. go on
继续进行
Ⅰ. proceed to sth. 向
...
进发，进入（下一个议程项目），改读
[
获取
]
学位
Let's proceed to the next item on the
agenda.
让我们继续下一个议程吧。
Ⅱ.
proceed with sth. = continue 继续进行
Please proceed with your report.
请继续做你的报告吧。
Let's proceed
with our planned investment.
让我们继续我们的有计划投资吧。
Ⅲ. proceed
against sb. 起诉某人
Ⅳ.
由某事引起
proceed from sth. =originate from
half-heartedly
缺乏热情的；半心半意的
but : except
pell-mell
乱七八糟的
If
it
be
true
that
our
thoughts
and
mental
images
are
perfectly
tangible
things,
like
our
books
and
pictures,
to
the
inhabitants
of
the
next
world,
then
I
am
making
for
myself
a better reputation
there than I am in this place. Give me a restless
hour or two in bed
and I can solve, to
my own satisfaction, all the doubts of humanity.
When I am in the
humour I can compose
grand symphonies, and paint magnificent pictures.
I am, at once,
Shakespeare,
Beethoven,
and
Michael
Angelo;
yet
it
gives
me
no
satisfaction;
for
the
one
thing I
cannot do is to go to sleep.
next world
另外一个世界
grand
辉煌的
教材
P167
1.
What does the author think about the power of
humor?
Humour is the saving grace of us.
2.
Does the author think that most people he knows
have no difficulty in getting
off to
sleep?
Yes.
3. Does the author fall
asleep easily?
No.
Once in bed, when it is time to close
the five ports of knowledge, most folks I know
seem to find no difficulty in plunging
their earthly parts into oblivion. It is not so
with me, to whom sleep is a coy
mistress, much given to
（喜欢）
a teasing inconsistency
and for ever
demanding to be wooed
－
“lest too light winning make the prize
light”.
have no difficulty in doing
sth.
be given to
喜欢
,
癖好
teasing
挑逗
lest
唯恐
I used to read, with wonder, those
sycophantic stories of the warlike supermen, the
great troublers of the world's peace,
Cromwell, Napoleon, and the like, who, thanks to
their “iron wills”, could lie down and
plunge themselves immediately into deep sleep,
to wake up, refreshed, at a given time.
wake up
唤醒