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U11 Could you tell me where the restrooms
are?
语法：
本单元主要学习宾语从句
宾语从句：一整个句子做宾语的从句。
用法：详见下面的语法讲解。
重点短语
两者都
…
太多
打电话
a telephone call
一个吃饭的好地方
a good
place
在
…
和
…
之间
…
上交，提交
闲逛
就某种程度而言，就某一方面来说
way
获取有
关
…
的信息
get some
about
为了
兑换钱币
money
取决于
,
依靠
乘自动扶梯
the escalator
与
…
比起来更喜欢
…
…
…
盛装打扮
正好在
…
旁边
right
水滑道
water
和
…
一样
…
似乎要做某事
seem
给某人买某物
buy
=buy
决定（不）做某事
decide(
)
碰巧做某事
重点短语句型讲解
1.
kind of +adj./ adv.
译为“有点、一点”
= a
little bit, a bit, a little , sort of
如：
She is kind of shy
.
她有点害羞。
我认为英语有点难。
2.
inexpensive
不贵的
反义词
expensive
同义词
cheap
cheap
—
往往意味着质量差，指价钱便宜的或因质
量差而价格低。
inexpensive
—
指物美价廉，价格与价值相比比较便宜。
3.
crowded
拥挤的
反义词
uncrowded
不拥挤的
4.
take a vacation
== have a
vacation, go on a vacation
去度假
5.
dress up
打扮
dress sb/
oneself
打扮某人
/
自己
dress up
as+
角色，职业
打扮成
..
如：
He wanted to dress up as
Father Christmas.
他想要打扮成圣诞老人。
dress up in…
穿着
…
的衣服
in
后跟表示服装等的名词
Girls
like to dress up in beautiful clothes for the
party
.
女孩们喜欢穿漂亮的衣服去参加聚会。
6.
depend on
视
…
而定，依靠，依赖
不可用于进行时和被动语态。后接名词，代词，动名词
或从句。
人
+ depend on
依靠，依赖
物
+ depend on
视
…
而定，取决于
…
Living things depend on the
sunlight.
生物生长靠太阳。
We can’t depend on his answer.
我们不能根据他的回答。
That
depends on how you did it.
那取决于你怎样做这件事。
7.
prefer
动词
更喜欢
宁愿
常用的结构有：
prefer
sth
.
更喜欢某事
I prefer English.
我更喜欢英语。
prefer
doing/ to do
宁愿做某事
I prefer sitting/ to
sit.
我宁愿坐着。
prefer
sth to sth
.
同?相比更喜欢?
I prefer
dogs to cats.
与猫相比我更喜欢狗。
prefer doing to doing
宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
I
prefer walking to sitting.
我宁愿走路也不愿坐着
prefer
to do rather than do
宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
I
prefer to work rather than be free.
我宁愿工作而不愿闲着。
8.
on the other
hand
另一方面
9.
把?借给某人
lend sb.
sth.
＝
lend sb.
如：
Lily lent me
her book. == Lily lent her book to me
.
莉莉把她的书借给了我。
borrow sth from sb
从某人那里了借到
…
10.
include
vt.
包含，包括
The price includes both the house and
the furniture.
including .prep.
< br>介词“包括，包含
…
在内”
There are seven people in my family,
including my grandparents.
11.
such as
= for example
多用来列举人或物
I like
drinks such as tea and soda. = I like drinks, for
example, tea and soda.
12.
I
’
m sorry to do
sth.
对做某事我觉得很抱歉、伤心。
13.
seem
①用作连系动词，
―
好像、仿佛”
常用于
seem(to
be)+adj/n/
介词短语
He
seems (to be) very sad.
②
see
m
还可用于
seem to do
sth
“似乎要做某事”
It
seems as if….
似乎
… It seems as
if it is going to rain.
③英语中类似的连系动词可总结歌诀如下：
< br>一是
(
be
),
一感
(feel
)
，一保持<
/p>
(
keep)
起来四个
(
,smell,taste)
好像
(
seem
< br>)
变了仨
(
get,
)
14.
in a
way
在某种程度说
15.
However
,
in
order
not
to
offend
people,
learning
about
language
etiquette
ia
just
as
important as learning grammar or
vocabulary.
(1)in order (not) to
为了?
表目的
=
so as to
He got up early in
order to catch the first bus.
他起早床，是为了赶上头班公共汽车。
in order that +
从句
= so that
They flew there in order that they
might be in time to attend the opening
ceremony
.
他们乘飞机去那里以便能及时参加开幕典礼。
(2) Offend vt.
冒犯，得罪，使生气
be
offended with sb for sth
因某事对某人感到生气
be
offended at sth
对某事感到生气。
她对他的话感到生气。
(3)
等级
/
同级比较：
a
s
?
as
，
not as/so
?
as
①
as +
形容词
/
副词原级
+ as
表示“和?一样的?”
“?和?一样的?”
如：
He works as
hard as we.
他工作和我们同样努力。
②否定式：
not as +
形容词
/
副词原级
+ as== not
so +
形容词
/
副词原级
+ as
He doesn’t work as / so hard as we.
他工作没有我们那样努力。
③若有修饰成分
twice, three times,
half, a quarter
等，须放在第一个
as
前。
Y
our
bag is twice as expensive as
mine.
你个包是我的两倍贵。
16.
It’s important to use
correct language, but sometimes this alone is not
enough…..
(1)
“
It is +
形容词
+
不定式”中的
it
是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的
to do<
/p>
不定式。
It
做形
式主语的句型还有：
It is + n + to do
sth
It is our
duty to protect the environment.
It
takes sb some time to do sth
It is +adj + for/of sb + to
do sth
在
of sb
结构中，
可用
sb
直接做句子主语来改写成
Sb +be +adj +to do sth,
在
for sb
结构中不能这样转换
It was
foolish of him to go alone.= He was foolish to go
alone.
他单独去太傻了。
It’s hard for me to answer your
question.
(2)al
one
与
lonely---
“单独的
，寂寞的”
Alone:
独自的，指
无人陪伴的客观事实。
只做表语，不能做定语
Lonely:
寂寞的，指主观的感觉。
既可作定语也可作表语。
一个人可能
alone
而不一定
lonely,
也可能虽不
alone
而感觉
lonely
（
2011.
四川）
His parents live
in
a small house, but they don’t feel
.
A lonely,alone
B alone,lonely
C
lonely
.lonely
D
alone,alone
(B)
本单元语法
宾语从句
宾语从
句在复合句中作主句的
宾语
。
(1)
常由下面的一些
引导词
：
①
由
that
引导
表示陈述意义
that
可省略
He says
(that) he is at home.
他说他在家里。
②
由
if
, whether
引导
表示一般疑问意义
(
带有是否、已否、对否等
)
I
don
’
t know if / whether Wei
Hua likes fish.
我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。
下列情况中一般只能用
whether
与
or
not
连用时
I
don’t
know whether he likes the movie
or not.
作介词宾语时
Everything depends on whether we have
enough time.
放在不定式前，与不定式组成词组
She hasn’t
decided whether to go or not.
作
discuss
等词的宾语时
We
discussed whether we should close the shop.
③
由连接代词、连接副词
(
疑问词
)
引导
表示特殊疑问意义
Do you
know what he wants to buy?
你知道他想要买什么吗？
I
wondered what I should do
next.
我想知道下一步该做什么。
(2)
从句时态要与主句一致
①当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态
He says (that ) he is at home.
他说他在家里。
I
don
’
t know (that) she is
singing now.
我不知道她正在唱歌。
She wants to know if I have finished my
homework.
她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。
Do you know when he will be back?
你知道他将会什么时候回来？
②当主
句是一般过去时，
从句应使用过去某时态
(
一般过去时
,
过去进行时，
过去将
来时，
过去
完成时
)
He said (that) he was at home.
他说他在家里。
I didn’t
know that she was singing now.
我不知道她正在唱歌。
She
wanted to know if I had finished my homework.
她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。
注意
：如果从句内容表示的是客观真理或不可改变的自然现象时，虽然主句用了过去
时，但
从句仍然用一般现在时。
The teacher told us that the earth goes
around the sun.
(2011,
梧州
)--
I don’t know if
to the party this evening.
--I think he will come if he
free
A will come; is
B will come;
will be
C
comes; is
D
comes; will be
(A)
(3)
宾语从句的语序
当宾语从句是疑问句时，要用陈述语序。
(4)
宾语从句的
否定转移
如果主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是
think,believ
e,suppose,expect
等词时，通常将否定转
移到
主句的位于动词上。
I
don’t believe he will come.
注意
：当宾语从句出现否定转移时，该句反意疑问句由从句决定
。
如果主句不是第一人称，该句反意疑问句由主句决定。
Eg. I don’t think he is an honest
boy
,
?
Y
ou believe he
will come here soon,
?
( 2011.
呼和浩特
)
–
Could you tell us how long
?
--About three days.
A does
the sports meeting last
B the sports
meeting will last
C the sports meeting
last
D will the sports meeting
last
(D)
(2011.
江西
) I’ve decided to go to
London next weekend. I was wondering
you could go with
us.
A if
B when
C
what
D that
(A)
配套练习
Section A
一、单项选择
(
)
1. Please tell me how many students __________ in
your class next term.
A.
will there be
B.
will have
C. there will be
D.
have will
(
) 2. She prefer __________
for a walk rather than __________ at home.
A. to go; stay
B. going;to
stay
C. go;staying
D. to go,staying
(
) 3. Many visitors enjoy __
a few hours ______through the history
museum.
A. to spend; walking
B.
spending; walking
C. spending; to walk
D.
to spend; to walk
(
) 4. Turn ___
the left at the second crossing and walk ahead
___about 20 metres.
A. /; in
B. round; for
C. to; for
D. to; /
(
) 5. Make some
marks _______ you find the mistakes in the
article.
A. when
B. where
C. before
D. until
二、看图完成对话
6. A:
Would you mind not playing your TV so loud.? I’m
writing a letter.
B: Oh, _________. I’ll
_________ it _________. It is OK now?
A: That’ll
_______
__ _________. Thanks.
7. A: You look so sad, Mary
.
_________ _________ _________?
B: I didn’t do _________
_________ the final exam.
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