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英语国家概况期末考试题型
一、填空（
20*1=20
）
二、单项选择（
15*1=15
）
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/p>
三、判断对错（
15*1=15
）
四、名词解释（
5*2=10
）
五、简答（
4*5=2
0
）
六、论述（
2*10=20
）
说明：
以下是考试范围。
判断和单项选择就
是书后面的内容。填空题也从这两个部分里面出。
名词解释、简单题、论述题都是出自课文后的名词解释和问题。
True or False
1.
The United Kingdom and Northern Island is located
in northern Europe.
2.
The
United
Kingdom
consists
of
four
political
divisions----
England,
Scotland,
Wales
and
Ireland.
3.
England is one of the two large islands in the
British Isles.
4. The British Isles are
made up of three large island and hundreds of
small ones.
5. Wales lies on the east
coast of the island of Great Britain.
7. In Scotland, rugged mountains, green
valleys, and deep, blue lakes provide some of the
most
beautiful scenery in Europe.
8. Britain?s longest river is the
Thames.
9. The largest lake
in Britain is the Lough Neagh in northwest
England.
11. The English, the Scots,
and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons, but the Irish are
Celts.
14. Compared with the rest of
the world, the UK has a smaller percentage of
older people and a
higher percentage of
younger people.
16. Scottish Gaelic is
the official language in Scotland.
18.
English people all strive to free themselves of
regional or local accents in order to sound like
educated English-speaking people.
19. Social class in the UK lays more
emphasis on money and property.
21. The
successful Roman invasion took place in 43 AD,
headed by the Emperor Julius Caesar.
23.
The
Magna
Carta
set
out
the
rules
which
were
to
form
the
basis
for
the
Parliament
which
operates in England
today.
24. The Black Death ravaged
England, carrying off three fourths of the
population.
27. Queen Mary was a
follower of the Church of England and was
determined to take England
once again a
Protestant country.
34. A general
election may be called by the government at any
time but must be within four years
of
the previous one.
35. The House of
Lords is the second chamber where changes in law
can be made.
36. The party which wins
the second largest munber of seats in the House of
Lords becomes the
1
official Opposition.
38. The
Speaker is a member who is acceptable to all
shades of opinion in the House of Lords.
39. The two major parties in Britain
today are the Conservative Party and the Liberal
Democratic
Party.
40.
Ministers in Britain cannot be elected Members of
Parliament at the same time.
43. In Scotland, all appeals are heard
by three or more judges of the High Court of
Justiciary.
45.
London
’
s Metropolitan Police
Force is directly under the control of the Lord
Chancellor.
47. The House of Lords is
the court of last resort for most instances of UK
law.
48. The Lord chancellor is the
highest court officer in Britain.
52.
John Maynard Keynes was an influential American
economist.
53. A strong opponent of the
policies of the Labor Party, Margaret Thatcher
worked to increase
government control
over the British economy.
5
5. The area between London
and South Wales is often referred to as Britain?s
“Silicon Glen”.
56. Britain
imports chiefly manufactured products and exports
mostly raw materials.
5
8.
The value of Britain?s exports of goods
usual
ly exceeds the value of its
imports.
59. Today, the City of London
is the center of London where government
departments are located.
60. The trade
union movement in Britain has become stronger
these years because of changes in
the
structure of employment.
65. General
Practitioners receive fees based on the number of
individuals who register with them
as
patients.
66. The nuclear family
accounts for a majority of households and has
increased in recent years.
67.
In
Northern
Ireland,
the
needs
of
those
in
difficulty
are
met
by
local
authorities,
who
draw
upon funds provided by
the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP).
68. Eye tests and dental treatments in
NHS hospitals are free of charge.
69.
Personal social services refer to the provision of
financial support for the people in difficulty.
70. Most British people now live in
detached houses.
71. In the UK, more
than half of the Christians attend worship on
regular basis.
72. Christian was first
introduced into Britain by St. Augustine in the
6th century of the church of
England.
74. The supreme Governor of
the Church of England is the Archbishop of
Canterbury.
75. Canterbury Cathedral is
used for the Coronation of all British Monarchs.
77. The Church of Scotland is the
established church in Scotland and is subject to
state control.
78. The Baptist Union of
Great Britain is the largest of the free churches
in Britain.
80. Since the United
Kingdom guarantees its citizens religious freedom
without interference from
the states or
the community .religion in Britain is separated
from politics.
83. Thanks to the 1988
Education Reform Act ,the UK has since provide
universal and free state
primary and
secondary education.
84.
The Secretary of State for Education is
responsible for public spending on schools.
85.
The
Department
of
Education
and
Science
is
primarily
responsible
for
public
spending
on
schools.
86. In the UK,
public schools are public-funded.
87.
Universities and higher education colleges in the
UK enjoy academic freedom, appoint their
own degrees,
decide which students to admit and are financially
self-reliant.
2
91. People in the UK spend about most
of the free time in the pub
．
92. The Royal National Theatre often
performs in Stratford-upon-
Avon
，
Shakespeare's
birthplace
．
93.
With the emergence of the
Beatles
，
the Rolling
Stones
，
and the
Who
，
British popular
music Jed the world from
the early 1980s
．
95. The UK's biggest-selling newspaper
is The Times
．
97.
The national sport of the UK is
rugby
．
98.
Cricket is popular in all the four home
nations
．
101. The
United States stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in
the west to the Pacific Ocean In the
east
．
103.
The
Appalachian
region
is
both
complicated
and
varied
，
containing
not
only
some
of
the
highest
mountains in North
America
，
but also a vast
expanse of intermontane basins,
plateaus
，
and
isolated ranges
．
104. Western Washington and Oregon
receive plenty of rain and Central California is
noticeably
drier in
winter
．
106.
Washington
D
．
C
．
is
located in the Southern States Region and is also
part of a state.
110. Hawaii has the
largest land area of all the
states
，
and Alaska has one of
the smallest land
areas
．
114.
When
many
thousands
of
Southerners
saw
the
victory
of
Abraham
Lincoln
in
the
1860
election
as
not
simply
a
political
defeat
but
also
a
threat
to
all
southern
institutions
and
the
southern
way off life
，
they decided to
secede from the Confederacy
．
115.
The
Progressive
Movement
was
a
well
—
organized
，
un
ified
movement
，
de
manding
government regulation of
economy and social
condition
．
117.
The Stock Market collapse occurred in 1928 in the
United States
．
118. The Truman Doctrine referred to
military and economic aid to Greece and
Turkey
．
119.
Nixon was the second president in American history
10 resign from the highest office of the
nation
．
120. The black-white racial chasm in
post-Civil
—
Rights-Movement
America was highlighted by
the savage
beating of Martin Luther King by white police
officers in 1992
．
121. In the United
States
，
the major source of
population growth is the rising birth
rate
．
122. In the
United States
，
African
Americans remain the largest minority group.
124. Hispanics have a low school
dropout rate
．
125. Many of the Chicanos are
farmers
．
128. The
first Asians to arrive in the United States in
significant numbers were the
Japanese
．
129.
Today
，
American Indians are
only allowed to live on
reservations
．
131. The Constitution of the United
States , after its
ratification
，
has never been
revised
．
132.
According
to
the
Constitution,
the
federal
government
is
responsible,
for
addressing
questions that affect the nation as a
whole as well as individual
stares
．
134. The
government is divided into four branches: the
legislative ,the
presidency
，
the bureaucracy
and the judiciary.
136.
Candidates for the presidency can only be chosen
by political parties.
137. The
president has great executive but no legislative
power
138. Congressmen serve a term of
six years while senators serve a term of two
years.
3
139.
The Democrats are thought of as associated with
business, Anglo-Americans, and the
rich
．
140. The
number of Senators from each state is based upon
its population
．
Multiple Choices
1. The British Isles are made up of
.
A. three large islands and hundreds of
small ones
B. three large islands and
dozens of small ones
C. two large
islands and hundreds of small ones
D.
two large islands and dozens of small ones
2. Which of the following is NOT a
political division on the island of Great Britain?
A. England
B. Scotland
C. Northern Ireland
D. Wales
3.
Britain
is
separated
from
the
rest
of
Europe
by
the
English
Channel
in
the
and
the
North Sea in the east.
A. east
B. south
C. west
D.
north
4. The Republic of Ireland became
independent in the year
.
A. 1920
B.
1945
C. 1918
D. 1949
5. The
highest mountain in Britain, Ben Nevis, lies in
.
A. the Highlands
B. the Southern Uplands
C.
the Central Lowlands
D. the Lake District
6.
The
British
Empire
was
replaced
by
the
British
Commonwealth
or
the
Commonwealth
of
Nations in
.
A. 1921
B.
1931
C. 1945
D. 1950
7. All
the following are natural zones in Scotland,
except
.
A. Highlands in the north
B.
the Central lowlands
C. the Eastern
lowlands
D. the Southern uplands
8. The mountain system the Pennines is
often called the backbone of
.
A.
England
B. Scotland
C. Great Britain
D.
Ireland
9. The regional capital of
Northern Ireland is
.
A. Glasgow
B.
Edinburgh
C. Cardiff
D. Belfast
10.
Which of the following statements about the
climate in Britain is NOT true?
A.
Britain?s
climate is of the maritime
type
B. Winters in Britain are
extremely cold
C. Summers in Britain
are cool
D. Britain is warmer than
Harbin in winter
11. The English people
and the English language were born from the union
of
.
A. the Angles and the Saxons
B. Germanic conquerors and the Norman
French
C. Danes or Vikings and the
Norman French
D. Norman conquerors and
the defeated Anglo-Saxons
12. The first
known settlers of Britain were
.
A.
the Iberians
B. the Beaker Folk
C. the Celts
D.
the Romans
13. About 80,000 Scots speak
Gaelic which is an ancient
.
A. Scottish language
B.
English language
C. Irish
language
D. Celtic language
4
14. About three million
people have migrated to Britain since World War
II. They are mainly from
the West
Indies, India and
.
A. Indonesia
B.
Singapore
C. Hong Kong, China
D. Pakistan
15. In Britain
of the population is urban
and
is rural.
A. 90%; 10%
B.
80%; 20%
C. 70%; 30%
D. 60%; 40%
16.
The ancestors of the Welsh were the ancient
.
A. Celts
B. Romans
C. Normans
D.
Britons
17. The average population
density in Britain is
people per square
kilometer.
A. 205
B. 370
C. 800
D.
500
18.
During
the
fifth
century
when
the
Roman
Empire
fell,
the
Germanic
invaded
and
conquered Britain.
A. Angles and Celts
B. Angles and
Picts
C. Angles and Brythons
D.
Angles and Saxons
19. The upper class
in Britain consists of all the following except
.
A. peerage
B. gentry
C. landowners
D.
professionals
2
0.
“Britishness” can be reflected in all the
following except
.
A.
Union Jack
B. Conservativeness
C. the Beatles
D.
football
2
1. In 1066 Harold
and his troops fought against William?s army on
Senlac field near
.
A. London
B. Normandy
C. Standford
D.
Hastings
22. The Plantagenet dynasty
was founded by
A. Henry
B. Henry II
C.
King Joseph
D.
Count of Anjor
23.
English
Reformation
was
carried
out
by
to
change
the
religion
in
England
from
Catholicism to Protestantism.
A. Edward VI
B. Henry VIII
C. Mary I
D.
Elizabeth I
24. King John was forced by
the barons to sign the
which restricted king?s
power.
A. Bill of Rights
B. Petition of
Right
C. Provisions of Oxford
D.
Great Charter
2
5. Simon de
Montfort?s reform is considered to be the
beginning of English
.
A.
parliament
B.
cabinet
C.
constitution
D. Liberty
26.
From
1649
to
1658
England
was
called
a
Commonwealth.
It
was
ruled
first
by
Oliver
Cromwell as
.
A. Lord
Protector
B. Lieutenant General
C.
Commander of the New Model Army
D.
President
27. William of Orange started
Constitutional Monarchy by accepting
in
1689.
A. Bill of Rights
B. Petition of
Right
C. Provisions of Oxford
D. Great
Charter
28. It was during the reign of
that the name Great Britain came into
being in 1707.
A. Elizabeth
B. Henry VIII
C.
Charles
D. Anne
29.
The
1851
London
Great
Exposition
was
held
in
the
Crystal
Palace
which
was
designed
by
Queen
?s
husband Albert.
A. Mary
B.
Elizabeth I
C. Victoria
D. Anne
30. The
British Prime Minister who led the British to
defeat Nazi Germany is
.
A. Churchill
B.
Chamberlain
C. Macdonald
D. Macmillan
5
31.
The British
constitution is made up of the following EXCEPT
.
A.
Commonwealth law
B. statute law
C. common law
D.
European Community Law
32.
The
House
of
Commons
is
elected
by
universal
suffrage
and
has
Members
of
Parliament.
A.
650
B. 651
C. 659
D. 660
33.
British Conservative
Party was formerly called
Party in the 18th century.
A.
Whig
B. Tory
C.
Liberal
D. Nationalist
34.
The United Kingdom is governed in the
name of
, by
.
A.
the King;
His Majesty?s
Government
B.
the
Queen; Her Majesty?s Government
C.
the Sovereign; Prime
Minister
D.
the Sovereign;
His or Her Majesty?s Government
35.
is the “supreme
governor” of the Church of England.
A.
The monarch
B. The
Archbishop of York
C. The Archbishop of
Canterbury
D. The Roman Pope
36. In
Britain the citizens aged
or over have the right to
vote.
A. 16
B.
18
C. 21
D. 30
37. The
House of Common is headed by
.
A. the Prime Minister
B.
the Speaker
C.
the Lord Chencellor
D. the Monarch
38.
By
tradition,
the
leader
of
the
majority
party
is
appointed
by
the
Sovereign
in
the
United Kingdom.
A. Prime Minister
B. Member of
Parliament
C.
Lord of Appeal
D. Speaker of the House
39.
The
Liveral
Democratic
Party
is
the
combination
of
the
Social
Democratic
Party
and
.
A.
the Conservative Party
B. the Labor Party
C. the Liveral
Party
D. the Green Party
40. Parliament has the following
functions EXCETP
A. make law
B. authorizing taxation and public
expenditure
C.
declare war and making peace
D.
examining the actions of the government
41.
All criminal trials are
held in open court because the criminal law
presumes the
of
the accused until he has
been proven guilty beyonbd reasonable doubt.
A.
guilt
B. impartiality
C.
innocence
D.
honesty
42.
In England,
Wales, and Northern Island, people between the age
of
and 70 whose names appear
on the electoral register are liable for jury
service and
their names are chosen at
random.
A.
18
B. 19
C.
20
D. 21
43.
The
jury consists of ordinary, independent citizens
summoned by the court: 12 in England,
Wales and Northern Island, and
in
Scotland.
A.
12
B. 13
C.
14
D. 15
6
44.
Whether the accused is
guilty or innocent is decided by
policemen
B.
t
he
jury
C.
t
he judge
sheriff
45.
The
ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout
the Scotland is
A.
t
he Supreme
Court of the United Kingdom
B.
t
he Court of Appeal
C. the High Court of Justiciary
D. the House of Lords
46. In
England and Wales the highest judicial
appointnents are nade by the Queen on the advice
of
.
A. the Lord Chancellor
B. the Home
Secretary
C. the Prime Minister
D. the Attorney General
47.
Criminal cases in England and Wales may NOT be
tried in
.
A.
the Magistrates? Court
B. the Court of
Appeal
C. the High Court
D. the Crown Court
48. In
Scotland,
are primarily civil law
courts.
A.
Magis
trates? Courts
B. County
Courts
C. Crown Courts
D. District
Courts
4
9.
The
three
“lay”
magistrates
that
make
up
a
Magistrates?
Court
in
Britain
are
known
as
.
A. justices of the peace
B.
stipendiary magistrates
C. justices of law
D.
part-time magistrates
50. The most
serious criminal offences in Scotland are tried in
.
A. the District
Court
B. the
Sheriff Court
C. the High Court of Justiciary
D. the Crown
Court
51.
The
economic
policy
Britain
pursued
in
the
1950s
and
1960s
was
based
on
the
theory
of
.
A.
Adam Smith
B. John Maynard Keynes
C.
Margaret Thatcher
D. Karl Marx
52.
Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experienced
A. economic recession
B. economic
expansion
C. economic decline
D.
economic depression
5
3.
Which of the following is NOT true of Britain?s
agriculture?
A. British
farming is highly mechanized.
B.
Agriculture in Britain is intensive.
C.
British farming is very efficient.
D.
Britain?s agriculture can produce enough
fo
od for its people.
54. In
Britain less than
of the population are
farmers.
A. 2%
B. 4%
C. 6%
D.
10%
55. In the
Britain became a net
exporter of oil.
7