2014考研英语阅读专项冲刺练习及答案(十四)

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考研英语阅读专项冲刺练习及答案

(

十四

)

Students of United States history, seeking to identify the circumstances that

encouraged the emergence of feminist movements, have thoroughly investigated the

mid-nineteenth-century American economic and social condition that affected the

status

of

women.

These

historians,

however,

have

analyzed

less

fully

the

development

of

specifically

feminist

ideas

and

activities

during

the

same

period.

Furthermore,

the

ideological

origins

of

feminism

in

the

United

State

have

been

obscured

because,

even when historians did take into account those feminist ideas and activities

occurring

within

the

United

States,

they

failed

to

recognize

that

feminism

was

then

a truly international movement actually centered in Europe. American feminist

activists

who

have

been

described

as

“

solitary

”

and

“

individual

theorists

”

were

in reality connected to a movement

—

utopian socialism

—

which was already

popularizing

feminist

ideas

in

Europe

during

the

two

decades

that

culminated

in

the

first women

’

s rights conference held at Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848. Thus, a

complete

understanding

of

the

origins

and

development

of

nineteenth-century

feminism in the United States requires that the geographical focus be widened to

include Europe and that the detailed study already made of social conditions be

expanded to include the ideological development of feminism.

The

earliest

and

most

popular

of

the

utopian

socialists

were

the

Saint-Simonians.

The

specifically

feminist

part

of

Saint-Simonianism

has,

however,

been

less

studied

than

the

group

’

s

contribution

to

early

socialism.

This

is

regrettable

on

two

counts.

By

1832

feminism

was

the

central

concern

of

Saint- Simonianism

and

entirely

absorbed

its adherents

’

energy; hence, by ignoring its feminism, European historians have

misunderstood

Saint- Simonianism.

Moreover,

since

many

feminist

ideas

can

be

traced

to

saint- simonianism

European

historians

’

appreciation

of

later

feminism

in

France

and the United States remained limited.

Saint-Simon

’

s followers, many of whom were women, based their feminism on an

interpretation

of

his

project

to

reorganize

the

globe

by

replacing

brute

force

with

the

rule

of

spiritual

powers.

The

new

world

order

would

be

ruled

together

by

a

male,

to

represent

reflection,

and

a

female,

to

represent

sentiment.

This

complementarity

reflects the fact that, while the Saint-Simonians did not reject the belief that

there were innate differences between men and women, they nevertheless foresaw an

equally important social and political role for both sexes in their utopia.

Only a few Saint-Simonians opposed a definition of sexual equality based on

gender

distinction.

This

minority

believe

that

individuals

of

both

sexes

were

born

similar in capacity and character, and they ascribed male-female differences to

socialization and education. The envisioned result of both currents of thought,

however, was that women would enter public life in the new age and that sexual

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equality would reward men as well as women with an improved way of life.

1. It can be inferred that the author consider those historians

who describe early

feminists in the United States as

“

sol itary

”

to be

[A]

insufficiently

familiar

with

the

international

origins

of

nineteenth-century American feminist thought.

[B]

overly

concerned

with

the

regional

diversity

of

feminist

ideas

in

the

period

before 1848.

[C] not focused narrowly enough in their geographical scope.

[D] insufficiently aware of the ideological consequences of the Seneca Falls

conference.

2. The author

’

s attitude toward European historians who have studied the

Saint-Simonians is primarily one of

[A] approval of the specific focus of their research.

[B] disapproval of their lack of attention to the issue that absorbed most of

the Saint- Simonians

’

energy after 1832.

[C] approval of their general focus on social conditions.

[D]

disapproval

of

their

lack

of

attention

to

links

between

the

Saint-Simonians

and their American counterparts.

3.

The

author

mentions

all

of

the

following

as

characteristic

of

the

Saint-Simonians EXCEPT

[A] The group included many women among its members.

[B]

The

group

believed

in

a

world

that

would

be

characterized

by

sexual

equality.

[C] The group was among the earliest European socialist groups.

[D]

Most

members

believed

that

women

and

men

were

inherently

similar

in

ability

and character.

4.

It

can

be

inferred

from

the

text

that

the

Saint-Simonians

envisioned

a

utopian

society having which of the following characteristics?

[A] It would be worldwide.

[B] It would emphasize dogmatic religious principles.

[C] It would most influence the United States.

[D] It would have armies composed of women rather than of men.

5. According to the text, which of the following would be the most accurate

description of the society envisioned by most Saint-Simonians?

[A]

A

society

in

which

women

were

highly

regarded

for

their

extensive

education.

[B]

A

society

in

which

the

two

genders

played

complementary

roles

and

had

equal

status.

[C] A society in which women did not enter public life.

[D] A social order in which a body of men and women would rule together on the

basis of their spiritual power.

[

答案与考点解析

]

1.

【答案】

A

【考点解析】本题是一道标点符号题。通过本题题干中的“< /p>

solitary

”一词可将本题的