-
Unit 6 Text A To work or not to work - That
is the question
打工还是不打工
——
这是个问题
Pre-reading
activities
1
Look at the
pictures and answer the following questions.
1.(1)A teaching assistant in
kindergarten or a tutor.
(2) A cashier
in a store.
(3)A waiter in a
restaurant.
(4)A car cleaner.
2.
I
would
like
to
work
as
a
teaching
assistant
in
kindergarten.
I
really
enjoy
spending
time
with
small children and I am
thinking of working as a teacher in kindergarten
in the future. So working as
a teaching
assistant would definitely be a great experience
for me.
2
The
following
are
some
advantages
of
doing
part-
time
jobs.
Work
in
groups
and
discuss
which
three advantages are most important,
Compare your choices with your group members.
In
my
opinion,
the
most
important
advantages
of
doing
part-
time
jobs
are:
gaining
work
acquiring communicative skills, and
building connections for future career. In doing
part-time jobs,
especially those jobs
which are related to my field of study, I can
build up my work experience and
enrich
my resume. Besides, in working, I may have to
communicate with different kinds of people so
it can help develop my communicative
skills, which are essential to success. And in
getting to know
some important people
in the workplace, I can build some contacts for my
future career.
(
一
)
内容介绍
本文是一篇调查研究报告
—打工对学生的学习带来的影响。
文章题目即点明主题：
打工还
是
不打工这是个问题。这是模仿了莎士比亚的名作《哈姆雷特
》中的经典对白“生存还是毁灭，
这是个问题。”的句子结构，从而引出作者的观点：对
大学生而言，大学期间是否应该去打工
是个值得深思的问题。文章首段介绍了调查研究的
目标及方法：打工经历对学生成就的影响；
采用比较、对比、长期跟踪、评估等方法。然
后介绍了调查研究的结果：花费过多的时间精力
去打工会影响和严重干扰学生的学习。<
/p>
接着详细分析了打工对学生学习参与度产生负面影响的
多种原因：
首先，
由于紧张的打工日程，
打工的学
生用来完成学校作业的时间就减少了；
第二，
为了每周能打工<
/p>
20
个小时或更长时间，许多学生必须要在晚上工作；第三，挣到
数量可观的
零花钱所带来的兴奋感似乎让上学显得没意义和乏味；
最后，
长时间打工与饮酒和吸毒的增多
有关。最后，末段是结
论：学生可以去打工，但是要想学业成功，就应该下决心做到每周打工
不超过
10
个小时。
(
二
)
背景知识
TO BE OR NOT TO BE, THAT IS THE
QUESTION
TO BE OR NOT TO
BE
，
THAT IS THE
QUEST0N.(
意为“生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑
的问题。”
)
是《哈姆雷特》
( Hamlet)
中的经典独白。《哈姆雷特》是由威廉·莎士比亚<
/p>
( Will
Shakespeare
，
,1564~1616)
创作于
15
99
年至
1602
年间的一部悲剧作品
。戏剧讲述了叔叔克劳
狄斯谋害了哈姆雷特的父亲，
篡取了王位
，
并娶了国王的遗媚乔特鲁德；
哈姆雷特王子因此为
父王向叔叔复仇。
《哈姆雷特》是世界著名悲剧之一，也是莎士比亚最负盛
名的剧本，具有深
刻的悲剧意义、
复杂的人物性格以及丰富完美
的悲剧艺术手法，
代表着整个西方文艺复兴时期
文学的最高成就
。《哈姆雷特》《麦克白》《李尔王》和《奥赛罗》一起组成莎士比亚“四大
悲剧”。<
/p>
(
三
)
课文分析
1
篇章结构
Para. 1 The author gives a brief
account of the research objective and the research
methods.
调查研
1
/
18
究的目标及研究方法。
Para. 2-4 The research findings are
demonstrated.
调查研究的发现。
Para.
5-8
Explanations
for
the
negative
effects
of
part-
time
work
on
student
performance
are
in
details.
详细解释说明打工给学生的学习带来的负面影响。
Para.9 The author draws the conclusion
of the research.
调查研究的结论。
2.
写作特点
本文是一篇典型的调查报告，包括调查研究的目标及方法、调查结果、原因分析、结论四
个部分。文章结构清晰。
Title: To work
or not to work - That is the question
打工
还是不打工
——
这是个问题
[Meaning]
Should students
work or not work? That is an important question,
which requires careful
consideration.
【解
析】这是文章的题目
.
句子结构模仿的是莎士比亚的作品《哈姆
雷特》中的经典独白：
“Tobe
,or ot to be,
that is the question.
”(
生存还是毁
灭
,
这是个问题
.)
< br>对哈姆雷特来说
,
这是一个关
系
到生或死的值得深思的问题
.
作者采用这种句子结构来表达
“
打工还是不打工
—
这是个问题
”
.
※※※
1 There are
numerous
and
reliable
ways by which one
can measure the impact of employment on
student achievement and we used several
in our research.
要衡量工作经历对学生成就的影响有许
多可靠的方法。在我们的研究中，我们采用了几种方法。
[Meaning]
There
are
plenty
of
reliable
methods
to
study
how
work
affects
students'school
performanceand we used some of the ways
in our research.
1.
numerous
/'nju:
m
?
r
?
s
/: a. many
许多的；很多的
eg:
It's
too
noisy
here
and
numerous
interruptions
have
prevented
me
from
finishing
my
work
on
time.
这里太吵了
.
由于屡遭打扰
< br>,
我未能按时完成工作
.
2.
reliable
[r
??
la
??
bl] a. able to be
trusted or depended
on
可信赖的；可靠的
eg: He
is regarded as a reliable
man.
他被认为是一个可靠的人
.
【派生】
reliably
adv.
依赖地
reliability n.
依赖
,
信赖
※※※
We compared the grades of students who
work a great deal with those who work in limited
amounts
or not at all.
我们比较了
打很多工的学生和打工时间有限或者根本不打工的学生的学习成绩。
※※※
We
also
contrasted
workers
with
non-
workers
on
different
indicators
of
their
commitment
to
education.
我们也
对比了打工学生和不打工学生在学习投入程度方面的不同指征。
1.
Contrast
/k
?
n' tra:
st/
vt. compare two things, ideas,
people,ete. to show how different they are
from each
other
使成对比；使成对照
eg: In her essay, the author contrasts
the present economic crisis with the one 10 years
ago.
作者在文
中就当前的经济危机和十年前的经济危机进行
了对比
.
vt.( of two things) be
different from each other, often in a noticeable
or interesting way
形成对比
eg: His actions and his words contrast
sharply.
他说的和做的相差太远
.
/k
?
ntra: st/
n
[C,U] a
difference between people, ideas, situations,
things,etc. that are being
compared
差异；差别
Eg:
There can be no differentiation without
contrast.
有比较才有差别
.
【搭配
ontrast with
sb./sth.
与
……
形成对照
by contrast
相反
,
相比之下
in
contrast with/tosb./sth.
和
……
做对比
,
与
…
…
相反
2. indicate
/'
?
nd
?
keit/ vt.
2
/
18
(1) show that a particular
situation exists, or that sth. is likely to be
true
表明；显示
Eg: My
car' s gas gauge indicates that there is little
gas left..
我车上的汽油表显示剩下的油不多了
.
(2) say or do sth. to make your wishes,
Intention,etc. clear
表明
(
意向等
)
Eg: Her
hesitation indicates
unwillingness.
他的犹豫表明不愿意
.
【近义】
limply, show
indicator
/'ind
?
ke
?
t
?
/n.
[C] sth
that can be regarded as a sign of
指示物；指示者
Eg:
Age alone is a poor indicator of a
person’ s capability
, so we must
consider other aspects.
单看年
龄不
能说明一个人的能力
,
因此我们必须考虑其他方面
.
3. commitment
|k
??
m
?
tm
?
nt|: ~ (to sb/sth)
the willingness to work hard and give
your energy and
time
to a job or
an activity
（对工作或某活动）献身，奉献，投入
Eg: A career as an actor requires one
hundred per cent commitment.
干演员这一行需要百分之百的
投入。
※※※
Additionally
, we followed
students over time as they increased or
decreased
their work hours
and
we
assessed
how different patterns of employment
altered
school performance
and engagement.
另
外，我们长期跟踪学生，了
解他们在打工时间增加或减少时的表现。而且，我们还评估了不同
的打工模式如何改变学
习成绩和学习参与度。
[Meaning]
What's more, we
observed students for a period of time as they
spent more or fewer hours
working
part-time,
and
we
made
judgment
about
how
the
increased
or
decreased
hours
changed
their school
achievement and commitment.
【解析】
additionally
是个连接词
,
在本段中起承上启下的作
用
.
本段落大意为研究的目标和方法
.
段落结构为
There
are
numerous
and
reliable
ways..
and
we
used
several
in
our
compared... We also
contrasted
…
Additionally, we
followed.. and we assessed
…
1.
Additional
|
??
d
???
nl|:
a. more than was first mentioned or is usual
附加的；额外的；外加的
Eg:
additional resources/funds/security
额外资源
；附加基金；外加保安措施
2.
decrease
[d
??
kri:s] : v.
become less or go down to a lower level, or make
sth. do this(
使
)
变小
；
(
使
)
减少
eg: They are making further
efforts to decrease family spending.
他们正
在做进一步的努力来减少
家良开支
.
[C, U ]
|?di:kri:s|
the process of becoming less, or the
amount by which sth. becomes less
减少；
减少
的量
Eg:
The birth rate has been on the decrease in the
past few
years.
过去几年的出生率呈下降趋势
.
【反义】
Increase
3. assess
[
??
ses] : vt. (1) make a
judgment about a person or situation after
thinking carefully about
it
评价；评定
Eg: They
are conducting a survey to assess the impact of
advertising on people,s consumer behavior.
他们正在进行一项调查
,
测评广告对于人们消费行为的
影响
.
(2) calculate the value
or cost of sth.
估价；估计
Eg: They looked at the house and
assessed its market
value.
他们看了看房子并估算了其市场价值
4. alter
[??
:lt
?
(r)] v. change, or
make sb. or sth. change(
使
)
变化；
(
使
)
改变
Eg: We'll have
to alter our plan for this weekend if it snows.
如果下雪
,
我们将不得不改变这个周末
的计划
.
※※※
3
/
18
2
We have simplified and classified the data and the
results are clear: The
stakes
are high.
我们把数
据加以
简化和归类，得出的结论很明确：学生打工付出的代价很大。
[Meaning]
We
have
processed
the
data
by
making
them
simpler
and
dividing
them
into
different
groups. The results of the study are
clear: The risks for working students are high.
【解析】
simplify
和
classify
是
simple
和
class
的动词形式
,
是由
adj./m.+
后缀
y
< br>变化而来的
.
有着同样构词法的还有
purify, identify, beautify, clarify, justify
等词
.
stake<
/p>
/ste
?
k/: n.
(1)(-s)[pl. J the things that you can gain or lose
by taking a risk, e. g. in business or
politics
赌注
,
风险
eg: The men
played for high
stakes.
那些人玩牌时下大赌注
.
(2)[C] money that you risk as the
result of a horse race, card game,etc.(
赛马、牌局等的
)
赌注
,
押金
Eg: For a dollar
stake, you can win up to$$1,000.00.
押一美元的
赌注
,
你最多可以赢一百万美元
.
(3) [C] the part of a business that you
own because you have invested money in it
股份
Eg: His wife
holds a40% stake in the company.
他的妻子拥有公
司
40%
的股份
.
※※※
A heavy
commitment to a part-time job during the
academic
year say working 20
hours per week or
more
undermines
and
s
ignificantly
interferes with
school
achievement and commitment.
在学年
< br>中花过多精力兼职打工，比如，一周打工
20
个小时或更
长时间，会影响和严重干扰学习成绩
和学习投入程度。
[Meaning]
When students spend
too much time on a part-time job during the school
year, for example,
20 hours or more,
their devotion to study becomes less and less
gradually and therefore their school
performances are seriously affected.
【解析】
say
是用作举例子
,
意为
“
比方说；比如
”
.
ic
[??k??
< br>dem
?
k]: a. (usu. before
noun) relating to education, esp. at college or
university
level
学术的
Eg: Applicant
must possess good conduct and obtain satisfactory
academic results.
申请者必须拥有
良好品性
,
并考获令人满意的成绩
.
ine
[??
nd
??
ma
?
n] vt. gradually make sb. or sth. less strong or effective
逐渐削弱
;
逐渐损
害
Eg: They will do anything
to undermine their adversary's reputation..
他们会不择手段地去损害对
手的名誉
.
3. significant
/sig'nifik
?
nt/: a. (1) very large or
noticeable
相当数量的；显著的
Eg: We have all invested significant
amounts of time and energy in making this project
a success. in
都为这个项目的成功付出了相当多的时间和精力
(2) very
important
重要的；意义重大的
Eg: Early experiences in childhood
plays a significant role in developing one' s char
acter.
一个人童
年时期的经历对他的性格形成有着重大的
意义
.
Significantly
: adv. in an
important way or to an important
degree
重大地；显著地
Eg:
More significantly, young people finally realized
the importance of balancing working and study.
颇具意义的是
,
年轻人终于认识到平衡打工和
学习的重要性
ere
[??
nt
??
f
??
(r)]
:
vi.
deliberately
get
involved
in
a
situation
where
you
are
not
wanted
or
needed
介入；干涉；干预
Eg: None has the right to
interfere in the internal affairs of
other countries’
.
任何国家都无权干涉别<
/p>
国内政
【搭配】
interfere in
干涉
,
干预
interfere with
妨碍
,
阻止
interfere
with:
prevent sth.. from succeeding or
from happening in the way that was
planned
妨碍；
阻止
4
/
18
eg:
Don’ t interfere with
him while he’ s worki
ng.
他工作的时候不要打搅他
.
※※※
Overall
our
study
offers
proof
that
students
who
worked
more
than
20
hours
weekly
were
not
comparable
to their classmat
es.
总的来说，我们的研究证明，每周打工超过
20
个小时的学生学
习成绩不及班上其他同学。
l
[???
v
?r??
:l]: ad.(1)
generally
一般地；总体上
Eg: Overall, she is very satisfied with
the decoration of the house.
总的来说
,
她对房子的装修非常
满意
(2)
considering or including
everything
全部地；总共
Eg: How much will it cost
overall??
一共多少钱
?
a.(
only be fore
noun
) considering or including
everything
包括一切的；全部的
eg: The overall measurement of this
room is100 square meters.
这个屋子的总面积是
100
平方米
/pru: f/: n. [C,U] facts,
information, documents,etc. that prove sth...is
true
证明；证据
Eg:
Have you got any proof that you own this book?
你有什么证据证明书是你的
?
able
[?k?
< br>mp
?
r
?
bl]: a.
~ (to/with sb/sth)
similar to sb/sth else and able to be compared
类
似的；可比较的
Eg: A comparable house in the south of
the city would cost twice as much.
一栋类似的房子位于城
南部就要贵一倍的价钱。
The situation in the US is not directly
comparable to that in the UK.
美国的情况与英国的不能直接
相比。
※※※
They
earned
lower
grades,
spent
less
time
on
homework,
cut
class
more
often
and
cheated
more
frequently.
他们的分数更低，花在作业上的时间更少，逃课更频繁，作弊更常见。
cut class:
(AmE)(infml)
deliberately not go to a class that you should go
to
逃课
eg: The
teacher warned the naughty boy against cutting
class.
老师警告那个淘气的男孩不要旷课
.
※※※
And they
reported lower levels of commitment to school and
more
modest
educational
aspirations
.
而且据反映，他们的
学习投入程度较低，学习志向也不够远大。
1.
Modest
[?m?
d
?
st]: 1) not very large, expensive,
important, etc.
些许的；不太大（或太贵、太重
要等）的
Eg: He charged a
relatively modest fee.
他收取的费用不算高。
The
research was carried out on a modest
scale.
这个研究项目开展的规模不算太大。
2) not talking much about your own
abilities or possessions
谦虚的；谦逊的
Eg: She's
very modest about her success.
她对自己的成功非常谦虚。
2. A
spiration
[??sp??
re
??
n]: ~ (for sth) | ~ (to do sth) a
strong desire to have or do sth.
渴望；抱负；
志向
※※※
3
On the other hand
, we also
detected
a different
pattern. Working for
approximately
10 hours per
week or less
seemingly
does not take a
consistent
toll
on school performance.
但是，我们也
发现了
另外一种不同的模式。
每周打工大约
10
个小时或更少的时间对学习成绩似乎没有持续的影响。
[Meaning]
However, we also
found out a different pattern, that is, when
students work for about 10
ours or less
weekly, it does not seem to have a continuous bad
effect on their school performance.
【解析
】本文是一篇结构清晰的研究报告
.
无论是段落内还是段落与段
落之间
,
作者都非常注重
些连接词或者
短语
.
此处的
on the other hand
起转折作用
,
是和上一段相呼应
.
5
/
18
1.
on
the other hand:
(also
on the
one hand…on the other hand
) used to
give another opinion or
fact that
should be considered as wel as the one you have
just given
另一方面
……
;
从一方面来
说
……
,
从另一方面来说
……
eg: On the one hand, I have no time; on
the other hand, I have no money.
一来
,
我没时间；二来
,
我没
有钱。
on the othe
hand, In contrast., on the contrary
这三个词
组都表示转折
,
意为
“
相反；
但是
”
,
但是它
们表示的转折关系有所不同
.
on the other hand
是
“
从另一方面来说
”
,
通常是说同一件事情的两个方面
.
In contrast
是
“
对比之下
”
,
通常对比不同的人或事物
,
更加侧重于两者的
不同
,
强调有差异
.
on the contrary
是
“
正相反；
恰恰相反
< br>”
,
往往针对同一件事或同一个人表示个人意见
,
认为后面所
说的才是对的
,
虽然后面所说的和前面的情况完全相反
.
2.
detect
[d
??
tekt]:
v. to discover or notice sth, especially sth that
is not easy to see, hear,
etc.
发现；
查明；侦察出
Eg: The tests are designed to detect
the disease early.
这些检查旨在早期查出疾病。
imately
[
< br>??
pr
?
ks
?
m
?
tli]:
ad.
used
for
showing
that
an
amount,
number,time,etc.
Is
not
exact
大致；近似
Eg: The plane will be taking off in
approximately ten
minutes..
飞机大约十分钟后起飞
.
gly
/'si minli/ ad. (1)(fm.)
according to the facts as you know
the
看样子；看来
Eg:
There is seemingly nothing we can do to stop the
plan going
ahead.
看样子我们无法阻止这项计
(2) appearing to have a particular
quality,, when this may or may not be true
< br>看上去；表面上；外观
上划的实施
Eg: The company, though seemingly
rebuffed, in fact got what it
wanted..
公司虽然表面上遭到了挫
< br>败
,
实际上得到了它想得到的
.
tent
[k
?n?s?
st
?
nt] : a. (1)
continuing to happen or develop in the same
way
稳定发展的；持
续不变的
Eg: The last five years have seen a
consistent improvement in the country's
economy.
在过去五年中
,
这个国家的经济经历了持续的发展
(2)always behaving in the same way of
having the same attitudes, standards, etc, usu.
used to show
approval(
行为、态度、
标准等
)
一贯的
,
一致的
Eg: What you do is not
consistent with what you
say.
你的言行不一致
.
[t
??
l] : n. (1)[ C] a very
bad effect that sth. has on . over a long period
of time
严重的
不良影响
Eg: Lack of sleep takes a toll on
nearly every aspect of daily life.
缺少睡眠对
日常生活的几乎各个
方面都会造成不良影响
.
(2)[C,
usu.
sing.]
the
number
of
people
killed
or
injured
in
a
particular
accident,
by
a
particular
illness,etc.
伤亡人数
Eg: It was reported that the
dea
th of toll from last week’ s fire wa
s45
.
据报道
,
上周的火灾造成了
45
人死亡
.
take a/its toll on:
have a
bad effect on sb. over a long period of time
对
…
产生不良影响
eg: The dotting mother may take a toll
on her boy
’
s future independ
ence.
母亲的溺爱会影响到男孩
将来的独立自主
.
※※※
Nevertheless
given
that
half
of
all
employed
seniors,
about
one-third
of
all
juniors
and
about
one-
fifth
of
all
second-year
students
work
above
the
20-hour
limit
indications
are
that
a
large
6
/
18
number of students are
at
risk
of
compromising
their school
careers with their part-time jobs.
不过，
鉴于一半的大四打工学生、
约三分之一的大三打工学生以及约五分之
一的大二打工学生的打工
时间都超过
20
个小时的上限，由此表明，有很多学生面临因打工而危及学业的风险。
[Meaning]
However, since half
of all employed fourth year students, about one-
third of all third-year
students,and
about one-fifth of all second-year students work
above the 20-hour limit, it is implied
that many students risk harming their
school careers by taking part-time
jobs.
1.
Nevertheless
[?nev?
?
??
les]: despite sth that
you have just mentioned
尽管如此；不过；然而
Eg:
There is little chance that we will succeed in
changing the law. Nevertheless, it is
important that
we
try.
我们几乎没有可能改变法律。不过，重要的是我们努力争取。
2.
given
: prep. taking sth into
account
考虑到；鉴于
Eg:
Given their inexperience,they' ve done it quite we
ll
考虑到他们缺乏经验
,
他们已经做
得相当好
了
a.(
only before
noun
)(any/a
~
…
)any particular time,
situation, amount, etc. that is being used as an
example
指定的；特定的
eg: You have to finish the work within
the given period of time.
你们必须在规定的时间内完成这
项
工作
.
【搭配】
given that
考虑到
,
鉴于
(<
/p>
一般位于句首
,
后面接表示原因的句子<
/p>
)
tion
/undr'keifn/: n. [C,U] a
sign that sth. will happen, Is true, or
exists
象征；迹象；标示
Eg: There are some indications that the
prices will rise.
有迹象表明物价将上涨
.
【近义】
implication
risk (of):
in a situation
where you may be
harmed
处境危险；受到威胁
Eg: The disease is spreading, and all
young children are at risk.
疾病正在蔓延
,
所有的幼儿都有危险
mise
[?k?
< br>mpr
?
ma
?
z] : vt. risk harming or losing sth.
important
损害
Eg:
Defeat at this stage would compromise their
chances of reaching the finals of the competition.
这个阶段的失败会减少他们进入决赛的机会
.
vi. solve a problem or end an argument
by accepting that you cannot have everything that
you
want
折中解决；让步
eg: They found it wiser to compromise
with her.
他们觉得与她妥协更明智
.
n.
[C,
U]a
way
of
solving
a
problem
or
ending
an
argument
in
which
both
people
or
groups
accept that they
cannot have everything that they
want
妥协；和解
eg:
After some discussion they arrive at a compromise.
经过一番讨论之后
,
他们达成一项折中
方案
.
※※※
4
Whereas
it is
true that more
disengaged
students are more likely to work long hours
to
begin with
it appears
that working makes a
marginal
situation worse.
虽说一开始确实是学习兴趣不大的学
生更容易长时间地打工，但是打
工看起来会让他们原本勉强的学习状况变得更糟。
[meaning]
It is true that
more students who are less involved in studying
are more possibly to work
long
r,
it
seems
that
they
become
even
less
committed
to
their
study
because
of
working.
【解析】
whereas
和
< br>however
同义
,
都可以表
达转折的意义
.
但是
,
however
是副词
,
可
引导一个
单独的句子；而
where
as
是连词
,
只能引导一个从句
.
s
[?we?r??z]
: conj. (fml.)
used to say that although sth. is true of one
thing, it is not true of
another
但是；却；尽管
Eg:
Some
people
like
reading
until
the
midnight,
whereas
others
like
reading
in
the
very
early
morning.
人喜欢读书至深夜
,
然而也有人喜欢在清晨阅读
.
7
/
18
【近义
】
however,yet,but
2.
disengaged
[?d?
s
?
n'ge
?<
/p>
d
?
d]:
If
someone
is
disengaged
from
something,
they
are
not
as
involved
with it as you
would expect.
不受牵连的
;
不受约束的
3
.
to begin with:
(1) during the first part of a process
or activity
起初；开始的时候
Eg: There were six of us to begin with,
and then two people left.
开始的时候我们有六个人
,
后来有
两个人离开了
.
(2)(spoken) used to introduce the first
and most important point you want to make
首先
Eg: To begin
with, she is too young for that kind of job.
首先
,
她做这种工作年纪还太年轻
< br>
al
[?m
ɑ
:d
??
nl] : a.
(1) barely within a lower standard or limit of qua
lity
勉强够格的；最低
限度的
Eg: He has received little education
and his reading and writing abilities are
marginal.
他没受过什么
教
育
,
他的阅读和写作能力都很有限
.
(2)( of change or difference) too small
to be important
小的；微不足道的；不重要的
Eg:
There has been a
marginal improvement in the film’sles
.<
/p>
公司的销售额略有增长
.
※※※
In other
words,
over time the more students
work, the less
committed
to
school they become.
换言
之，随着时间
的推移，学生打工时间越长，他们对学习的投入就越少。
[Meaning]
That
is
to
say,
as
students
spend
longer
hours
working.
they
become
less
engaged
in
studying.
【解析】
the more... the more/less
…,<
/p>
意思是
“
越
……
越
……”
.
other
words:
used
when
you
are
expressing
an
idea
or
opinion
again
in
a
different
and
usu.
simpler
way
换言之；换句话说
Eg:
In other words, you' ll come instead, right?
换句话说
,
你将替代他来
,
对吗
?
[k
??
m
?
t] :vt. (1) decide to use
money,time, people,ete. for a particular purpose
投入
(
钱、
时
间、人力等
)
Eg: You need
to commit time and effort to improving
english.
你需要投人时间和精力来提高英语
水平
.
(2) do sth.
wrong or illegal
犯
(
错误或罪行
)
Eg: He committed
suicide rather than sell out to the
enemy.
他宁愿自杀也没有向敌人投降
.
【搭配
commit...to
…
】投入
(
时间、
精力等
)
到
……
中去
committed
/k
?
'mitid/: a. willing to work
very hard at sth.
坚定的
;
尽心尽力的
eg: The
organization is committed to achieving equal
rights for women.
该组织致力于为妇女争取
平等权利
.
【近义】
devoted
※※※
When students
withdraw
from the labor
force or
cut back on
their
work hours however the results
are
striking
: Their interest in
school is
generated
anew
.
但是，当学生退出打工队
伍或者减少打
工时间后，结果也引人注目：他们对学习的兴趣被重新激发起来。
[Meaning]
However,
when
students
stop
working
or
reduced
work
hours,
the
results
are
obvious:
They become
interested in study again.
aw
[w
???dr?
:]: v. no longer
take part in sth., or stop sb. or sth. from taking
part
退出
;
不参加
eg: He withdrew his name from the
race.
他退出了比赛
.
vt.
take money from a bank account(
从银行
)
提取
eg: I'd
like to withdraw some money from my
account..
我想从银行账户里提取一些钱
.
back on:
(1) reduce the
amount,size,cost,ete. of sth.
削减
< br>;
缩减
8
/
18
eg: We really need to cut
back on our
spending.
我们真的需要削减我们的开支
.
(2)eat, drink, or use less of sth.,esp.
in order to improve your health(
尤指为了健康而
)
少吃
,
少喝
减少
Eg: You should cut back on sugar to
lose some weight.
要减肥
,
你就要少吃点糖
.
ng
<
/p>
[?stra?
k
??]
: a. attracting your interest or attention
because of some unusual feature
引人注
目的
;
显著的
;
吸引人的
Eg: The most
striking aspect of this city is the European style
of the architectures.
这个城市最吸引
人的地方是它的欧式建筑风格
.
【近义】
outstanding,
remarkable, prominent, attractive
te
[?d?
en
?
re
?
t]: vt. (1) produce or cause sth.
产生
;
创造
Eg:
The new product is supposed to generate a lot of
income for the company.
这款新产品被期待为
公司创造大笔收入
.
(2) produce
heat, electricity, or another form of energy
产生
(
热、电等能量
)
Eg: Water power can be used to generate
electricity.
水力可以用来发电
[
??
nju:]: ad. again, often
in a new or different way
重新
Eg: Both sides should begin anew the
quest for
peace.
双方都应重新开始寻求和平
.
※※※
This then is
good news:The negative effects of working on
schooling are not
permanent
.
所以，
这是
个好消息，即打工对学习的
负面影响并非是永久性的。
permanent
[?p?
:m
?
n
?
nt] : uing to exist for a long time or for
all the time in the future
长久的
;
永久的
;
永恒的
< br>
eg: The incident left permanent
traces on his
mind.
那件事在脑海里留下了永久的印象
.
【反义】
temporary
※※※
5
We
uncovered
numerous
explanations
for
the
undesirable
effects
of
working
on
students'
engagement in
school.
我们发现了打工对学生学习参与度产生负面影响的很多种原因。
[Menning]
We found out many
reasons why working has negative effects on
students' commitment to
study.
r
[
?n?k?
v
?
(r)]: v. 1)
to discover
sth that was previously hidden or secret
发现；揭露；揭发
2)
to remove sth that is covering sth
揭开盖子
2.
numerous
[?nju:m?
r
?
s]: existing in large
numbers
众多的；许多的
Eg: He has been late on numerous
occasions.
他已经迟到过无数次了。
The
advantages of this system are too numerous to
mention.
这套系统的好处不胜枚举。
3.
undesirable
|??
nd
??
za
??
r
?
bl|: not wanted or
approved of; likely to cause trouble or problems
不想
要的；不得人心的；易惹麻烦的
Eg:
undesirable
consequences/effects
不良后果
/
影响
It would be highly undesirable to
increase class sizes further.
再增加班级人数，
是大家都极不愿意
的。
< br>
※※※
First
owing to
their
demanding
work schedule
working students have less time to
devote to
school
assignments.
首先，由于紧张的打工日程，打工
的学生用来完成学校作业的时间就减少了。
[Meaning]
First, because
their working schedule is tight and requires a lot
of time and effort, working
students
have to spend less time doing their school
assignments.
to
[??ui? tu:]
prep. (fml.)
because of sth.
因为
;
由于
9
/
18
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇：全新版大学英语第二版听说教程1答案
下一篇：中学英语教学法2013年上半年满分作业