-
八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇
Unit 1
Will people have robots?
1.
fewer people
更少的人（
fewer
修饰名词复数，表
示否定）
2.
less free time
更少的
空闲时间（
less
修饰不可数名词，
表示否定）
3.
in ten years
10
年后
（
in
的时间短语用于将来时，
提问用
How soon
）
4.
fall in love
with…
爱上
…
例：
When I met Mr. Xu for the
first time, I fell in love with him at
once
当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上他
5.
live alone
单独居住
6.
feel lonely
感到孤独
（比较：
live
alone/go along
等）
The girl walked alone along the street,
but she didn‘t feel
lonely
那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独
7.
keep/feed a
pet pig
养一头宠物猪
8.
fly to the
moon
飞上月球
9.
hundreds of +
复数
数百
/<
/p>
几百
（概数，
类似还有
< br>thousands
of; millions
of
）
10.
the same as
和
……
相同
11.
A
be different from B
A
1
与
B
不
同
(=There
is
a
difference/Thgere are differences
between A and B)
12.
wake up
醒来（
wake
sb.
up
表示
―
唤醒某
人
‖
13.
get bored
变得厌倦（
get/become
是连系动
词，后
跟形容词如
tired/angry/excited<
/p>
等）
14.
go skating
去滑冰（类似还有
go
hiking/fishing
/skating/bike
riding
等）
15.
lots of/a lot
of
许多（修饰可数名词、不可数名词都
可以）
16.
at the
weekends
在周末
17.
study at home on computers
在家通过电脑学习
18.
agree with sb.
同意某人
(
的意见
)
19.
I don‘t
agree. = I disagree.
我不同意
20.
on a piece of
paper
在
不可数名词）
21.
on vacation
度假
22.
help sb with
sth/help sb do sth
帮助某人做某事
23.
many
different kinds of goldfish
许多不同种金鱼
24.
live in an
apartment
住在公寓里
/live
on
the
twelfth
floor
住在
12
楼
25.
live at NO.332,Shanghai Street
< br>住在上海路
332
号
26.
as a reporter
作为一名记者
27.
look smart
显得精神
/
看起来聪明
2
一
张
纸
上
（
注
意
paper/informat
ion/news/work/homework/housework
等常考到的
28.
Are
you kidding?
你在骗我吗
29.
in the future
在将来
/
在
未来
30.
no more=not …anymore
不再
（强调多次发生的动作不再
发生）
31.
no longer=not… any longer
不再（强调状态不再发生）
32.
besides
（除
…
之外还，包括）与
e
xcept
=but
（除
…
之外，不
包括）
33.
be able
to
与
can
能、会
?
（
be
able
< br>to
用于各种时态，而
can
只
能用于一般现在时态和一
般过去时态中；
have
to
用于各种时态，而
must
< br>只能用于一般
现在时态）例如：
1.I
have
been
able
to/will
be
able
to
speak
two languages.
（不可以用
< br>can
）
2. had to stay at home/
will have to
（不
可以用
must
）
big and
crowded
大而且拥挤
34.
be in college
在上大学
35.
live on a
space station
住在空间站
36.
dress
casually
穿得很随意
casual
clothing
休闲
服饰
37.
win the next
World Cup
赢得世界杯
win award
获僵
38.
come true
变成现实
39.
take hundreds
of years
花几百年的时间
40.
be fun to
watch
看起来有趣
3
41.
over and over
again
一次又一次
42.
be in different shapes
形状不同
43.
twenty years
from now
今后
20
年
44.
本单元目标句型：
1.
What do you
think life will be like in 1000 years?
2.
There will be
fewer trees
、
more buildings
and less pollution in the
future.
?
fewer
；
less
表示否定之意，
分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词；<
/p>
more
二者都可以修饰。
3.
Will kids go
to school? No, they won‘t/Y
es, they
will
。
4.
Predicting the
future can be difficult.
5.
I need to look smart for my job
interview.
6.
I
will be able to dress more casually.
7.
I
think
I‘ll
go
to
Hong
Kong
on
vacation,
and
one
day
I
might
even visit Australia.
8.
What will
teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?
9.
That
may
not
seem
possible
now,
but
computers,
space
rockets
and
even
electric
toothbrushes
seemed
impossible
a
hundred
years
ago.
本单元语法讲解
一般将来时
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标志词：
1.
含
tomorrow;
next
短语；
+
段时间
；
soon
；
+
将来时间；
the time
…
6.
祈使句句型中：
or/and
4
sb. will do
7.
在时间
/
条件状
语从句中
,
如果从句用一般现在时
,
主句用将来时
r day
比较
be going to
与
will:
be going
to
表示近期、
眼下就要发生的事情，
will
表示的将来时间
则较远一些。
如：
He is going to
write a letter tonight.
He will write a book
one day.
2. be going to
表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，
will
表示客
观上将来势必发生的事情。
He is seriously ill. He is
going to die.
He will be twenty
years old.
3. be going to
含有
―
计划，
准备
‖
的意思，
而
will
则没有这个意思，
如：
She is going to
lend us her book.
He will
be here in
half an hour.
4.
在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用
be going to,
而多用
will,
如：
If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay
with you and help
you.
掌握了它们的这些不同，你就能很好的区分
be going
to
与
will
了。
< br>
一般将来时常见的标志词
1.
含
tomorrow;
next
短语；
+
段时间
；
soon
；
4. by+
将来时间；
5.
祈使句句型中：
or/and
sb.
will do
例
Be
quick, or you will be late=If you don‘t be quick,
you will be
late
6.
在时间
/
条件状语从句中
,
如果从句用一般现在时
,
主句用将来时
（另见
Unit
5
）
5
Unit 2
What should I do?
1.
too loud
太大声
2.
out of style
过时的
3.
in style
流行的
4.
call sb
up=ring =call/ring/phone sb.
给
…..
打电话
5.
enough money
足够的钱
(enough
修饰名词时不
必后置
)
6.
busy enough
够忙
(enough
修饰形容词或副
词时必须后置
)
7.
a ticket
to/for a ball game
一张球赛的门票
注意：
the
key
to
the
lock/the
key(answer)r
to
the
question)/the
solution to the problem .
此处几
个短语不能用
of
表示所有格
8.
talk about
谈论
9.
on the phone
用电话
10.
pay for
付款
11.
spend…on +sth.=spend...( in) doing sth.
在
…
花钱
12.
It takes sb. sometime to do sth.
某人做
某事花
…
的时间
13.
borrow
…from
从
….
借
(
借进来
)
14.
lend…to
把
…
借给（
借出去）
15.
Y
ou can keep the book for a
week
你
可
以
借
这
本
书
一
周。
（
不用
borrow
或
lend
）
16.
buy sth for sb
为
……
买东西
6
17.
tell sb to do
/not to do
告诉某人做某事
18.
want sb. to do sth.=would like sb. to
do
想某人做某事
19.
find out
发现；查清楚；弄明白
20.
play one‘s
stereo
放录象
21.
fail the
test=not pass the test
考试不及格
22.
fail in
(doing) sth…
在
...
上失败
,
变
弱
23.
succeed in (doing) sth
在
...
方面成功
24.
write sb a
letter/write to sb.
给某人写信
25.
surprise
sb.
使
某
人
吃
惊
（
类
似
有
：
surprise/interest/please/amaze+
某人）
26.
to one‘s surprise
使某人吃惊的是
…..
27.
to one‘s
joy
使某人高兴的是
…..
28.
look for
a part-time job
找一份兼职的工作（不一
定有结果）
29.
get/find a
part-time job
找到一份兼职的工作（有
结果）
30.
ask sb.
for…
寻求
/
向某
人要某物
31.
have a bake sale
卖烧烤
32.
argue with sb
= have an argument with sb.
与某人争吵
33.
have a fight
with sb.=fight with
与某人打架
34.
drop off
离去；散去；逐渐减少
;
死去
35.
prepare for…=get ready for…
为
…
做准备
36.
after-school clubs(activities)
课外俱乐部（活动）
7
?
be/get used to
doing
习惯做某事
?
used to do
过去经常
/
常常做某事
?
be used for
doing=be used to do sth.
被用于做某事
37.
fill… up
填补；
装满
…
be full of
装满
38.
return sth.
to sb.=give sth. back to sb.
把某物归还给某人
39.
get on /along
well with
与
…
相处很好
40.
all kinds of
各种各样
41.
as much as
possible=as much as you can
尽可能多
43.
a bit =a
little
一点儿
（当修饰形容词或比较
级时）
44.
a bit of =a little
一点儿
/
一些（当修饰不可数
名词时）
45.
be angry
with…
生
…
的气
46.
by oneself=on one‘s own
某人自
己
/
独自地
47.
on the one
hand
一方面
48.
on the other hand
另一方面
49.
I
find/feel/think it difficult to do...
我发现
/
感
到
/
认为做
某事很难
< br>.
50.
see/hear/watch sb. doing sth.
看到<
/p>
/
听见
/
注视某
人正
在做
…
51.
not…until
直到
…
才
（谓语动
词一般是非
延续动词）
8
42.
take part in=join in
参加（某种活动
/
< br>集会）
52.
表示某人情绪有关的形容词用法
:
be/become+
upset
/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed
/annoyed
说明：
当主语是某人时，
< br>注意后面的形容词一般是
-ed
结尾的单词，
而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时，注意后面形容词一般是
-ing
结尾
单词
.
）
例
如
:I
was
surprised/interested/amazed
when
I
heard
the
surprising/interesting/amazing news.
53
radio advice
program
电台提建议的节目
54
be original
新颖的
55. leave something somewhere
把某物忘在某处
56 sports
clothes
运动服
57. the same age as=as old as
和
---
年龄一样
58. the
tired children
疲惫不堪的孩子
59.
complain about (doing sth)
抱怨、
、
、
their children from activity to
activity
带着孩子参加一个
接一个的活动
to do sth,
尽量干某事
try doing sth
试着干某事
under too
much pressure
压力太大
63.a mother
of three
三个孩子的妈妈
part in
after-school clubs
参加课后俱乐部
ition
starts
from
a
very
young
age
竞争从很小年纪
就开始了
9
e…with
和
---
比较
zed
activities
有组织的活动
本单元目标句型：
1.
What‘s
wrong(with you)?/What‘s the matter?
2.
What should I
do?
我该怎么办
3.
Y
ou could write him a
letter.
你
可
以
给
他
写
封
< br>信
.Y
ou
should
say sorry to
him.
你应该给他道歉
.
4.
They shouldn‘t
argue.
他们不应该争吵
.
?
5.
Why don‘t you talk to him about
it?
=Why
not
talk
to
him
about
it?=Y
ou
should/could
talk
to
him
about it.
=What/How about talking to
him about it.=Y
ou‘d better
talk to
him about it.
6.
The parents
try to fit as much as possible into their kids
lives.
7.
Activities
include
sports,
language
learning,
music
and
math
classes.
Thirty
people,
including
six
children
(six
children
included),
went to visit the factory.
8.
People
shouldn‘t push their children so hard.
9.
Parents are trying to plan their kids‘
lives for them. When these
kids
are
adults,
they
might
find
t
difficult
to
plan
things
for
themselves.
Unit 3
What were you doing when
the UFO arrived?
10
1.
in
front of
在??的前面（外部）
in the
front of
在??的前
面（内部）
2.
in the library
在图书馆
3.
get out of/get
into
出??之外
/
进入
4.
sleep late
睡懒觉
sleep well
睡
得
好
get
to
sleep=fall
asleep
睡着
5.
walk down/along
沿??走
6.
take off
(
飞机<
/p>
)
起飞；脱下（衣帽）
7.
on Sunday
evening
在星期日晚上
注意
:
（特
指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某个特定的上、下
午、晚上用
on
）
8.
in the tree
在树上
on the
tree
在树上
9.
take photos
照相
10.
at the train
station
在火车站
11.
run away
跑开，逃跑
12.
as+adj
原形
as
和
…
一样
…
例如：
She is (not)
as beautiful as her sister.
I can run as fast
as he(him)
13.
buy/draw/make sth. for sb.
为某人买
/
画
/
制作
14.
walk home
走回家
15.
in history
在历史上
16.
for example
例如
17.
in the city
of
在??市
11
18.
on the
playground
在操场上
19.
ten minutes ago
十分钟前
20.
take place
发生（强调必然性）
21.
happen to
sth./sb.
发生（强调偶然性）
例如：
What
has
happened
to
you?=What‘s
the
matter
with
you?=What‘s wrong with you?
22.
of
course=sure=certainly
当然
23.
all over the world=around the world
遍及全世界
24.
outside/inside the station
在车站外
/
内
25.
next to
相邻，紧贴
26.
close to
接近于；在附近
27.
be ill in
hospital/bed
生病住院
/
在床
28.
hear about/of
听说（间接听到）
29.
in silence
沉默不语
keep silent
保持沉默
30.
an unusual
experience
一次不寻常的经历
31.
have
fun
doing
sth
干某事有乐趣
have
difficult
time
doing
sth
干某事有困难
32.
have meaning
to
对
—
有意义
33.
become
the
first
Chinese
astronaut
in
space
成为中国第一个
太空宇航员
34.
a national
hero
一个民族英雄
35.
be famous all over the
world
全世界出名
36. for the
first time
第一次
12
本单元目标句型
:
What
were
you
doing
when
I
arrived/at
that
time/at
8:00
last
night/from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday?
1.
I
was doing sth. When+
一般过去时的时间状语从句
...
2.
How about... /
What about...?
3.
While sth./sb. was doing sth., I was
doing sth....
4.
当不明飞行物着陆时，你正在干啥？
What were
you doing when
the UFO landed?
5.
当
妈<
/p>
妈
正
在
做
饭
时
，
我
在
看
电
视
。
While
my
mother
was
cooking ,I was watching TV
.
6.
I was walking
down the street when a UFO landed right in front
of me.
7.
Y
ou can image how strange it
was.
8.
I
followed to see where it was going.
9.
Isn‘t that
amazing!
10.
She didn‘t
thinking about looking outside the
station.
11.I was so tired
this morning. It was difficult to get out of the
bed.
Xiang won the gold medal at the
2004 Olympics.
was made host to the
2008 Olympics.
often
remember
what
they
were
doing
when
they
heard
the news of important events in
history.
15. This was one of the most
important events in modern American
history.
13
the most everyday
activities can seem important.
teacher asked
us to stop what we were doing and listen.
r, in more recent times, most Americans
remember what
they were doing when the
World T
rade Center
in New Y
ork was
destroyed by terrorists.
all events in history are as terrible as this, of
course.
20. His flight around the Earth
lasted about 22 hours.
本单元语法讲解
过去进行时（
Past Progressive
T
ense
）
句型
S + was/were
+V-ing
?
例
A
：
She
was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening.
（昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业。
）
例
B
：
We
were having supper at that time.
（那个时候我们正在吃晚饭。
）
解说
如例
1
所示，在单句中使用过去进行时来表达时必须把该动
作正在进行中的时间表明清楚，否则就不合逻辑了。例如：
I
was
taking a bath yesterday.
（错）
（昨天我正在洗澡
——
昨天
24
小时都正在
洗澡吗？）
所以本句应该如例
1
来表达，或者用一般过去时表达如下：
14
I
took a bath yesterday.
（昨天我洗了澡。
）
如果由上下文的文意，或者对谈中的话意可以了解“动作正在进行
中
的时间”
，单句里就使用过去进行时来表达是很普通的，例如：
A
：
I called you up
yesterday evening.
B
：
Did you? At
what time?
A
：
At
around ten o'clock.
（大约在十点钟。
）
B
：
Oh, I was
taking a bath
then.
（哦，当时我正在洗澡。
）
过去进行时在表达上常用的句式是如例
2
所示和另一个一般过去时
的动作相搭配。请观察下面的图解说明：
过去有二动作
A
和
B
（如图示）
，在
B
动作发生时稍早发生的
A
< br>动
作正好在进行中，
所以这种表达法通常都是复句
（主句
+
副词从句）
。
例如：
When I got
up this morning, Mother was preparing breakfast in
the
kitchen.
（今天早上我起床时妈妈正在厨房
里准备早餐。
—
“
Mother
?。
”
是主句，
“<
/p>
when
?，
”是副词从句。
）
常用于修饰过去进行时的时间副词：
过去的某一定点时刻
（
at +
过
去的时刻）
，
then
（
=
at
that
time
）
（那时，当时）
，
all
+
时间，
15
“
When
?
/While
?
/As
?”等副词从句
，
etc.
Unit 4
He said I was hard-working
1.
every Saturday
每周六
2.
first of all
首先
3.
both……and……
两者都（谓语动词要注意对称原则）
4.
neither….nor
两者都不（谓语动词要注意就近和
对
称原则）
5.
most
of…
绝大多数
6.
an exciting
week
令人兴奋的一周
7.
agree on
something
同意某人的计划；对
….
取得
< br>
一致
意见
8.
agree to do
sth.
答应
/
同意
做
…
9.
pass on (to)
传递
10.
be supposed to do sth.
被期望或被要求做
... ...
11.
be mad at
……
对??疯狂
/
生气
12.
do better in=be better at
在
......
方面做得更好
13.
be in good
health
身体健康
14.
report card
成绩单
15.
sound /feel
/smell /taste /look
是连系动词，一般只能跟
< br>adj.
做
表语
16.
sound
like/feel like/smell like/taste like/look like
听
起
来
像
…/
感
觉
像
…/
闻
起
来
像
…/
尝
起
来
像
…/
看
起
来
< br>16
像
…+sb./sth.
17.
get…
over
克服；恢复；原谅
18.
open up
打开
/
展
开
/
开发
/
揭
露
19.
care for
照料；照顾；意愿；计较
20.
have
a(surprise) party for sb.
<
/p>
为某人举行一次
（惊喜
0
聚会
21.
end-of-year exam=final exam
期末考试
22.
not----
anymore
不再
23.
do a home
project
做作业
24.
be
surprisedhappyexcited to do sth
做某事感到惊讶、高兴、
激动
25.
be get
nervous
感到紧张
26.
have a very
hard time with..
在
---
日
子不好过
27.
an disappointing result
令人失望的结果
28.
take leave a
message
捎（留）个口信
29.
have a big
fight
30.
it is a good
idea for sb. to do sth
31.
to teach in China‘s rural
areas
32.
feel lucky
33.
people who
need help
需要帮助的人
34.
something we
can do for them
我们能为他们做的事
35.
there is no
difference between…and..
在。
。
和。
。之间没有区
别
36.
Groups and the work they do
17
Groups
The work they do
Cares for
?Mother Earth‖
Helps
sick
people
in
poor
countries
Helps
children
in
poor
Greenpeace
Doctors Without Borders
UNICEF
WWF
Hope
Project
希望工程
ately
本单元目标句型：
countries
Cares
for
wild
animals
in
danger
转述他人话语
:What did sb. say? He
said I …She said she…They
said…
1.
许
老<
/p>
师
告
诉
我
徐梦
蝶
会
说
二
种语
言
。
Mr.
Xu
told
me
that
XuMengdie
could speak three languages.
2.
许老师说地球绕着太阳转。
Mr.
Xu
said
(that)the
earth
turns
around the sun.
3.
许老师告诉我他将去北京。
She
told
me
he
would
go
to
Beijing
the next day.
4.
许老师说欧洋正在做作业
Mr.
Xu
said
OuY
ang
was
doing
his
homework at that time.
5.
许
老<
/p>
师
说
王
硕
研
勤
奋
。
Mr.
Xu
said
Wang
Shuoyan
was
hard-working.
18
6.
在英语上，与听相比，我更擅长于读。
In English,
I‘m better at
reading than listening.
7.
情况怎样？
How‘s it going?
8.
<
/p>
她不
想再
当我
最
好
的
朋友
了。
She didn‘t want to be my best
friend
anymore.
9.
I said it would start a bad habit , and
that she would do her own
work.
10.
That‘s
about
all
the
news
I
have
now.
Mum
and
Dad
send
their
love.
11.
She said helping others changed her
life.
12.
T
eaching
high
school
students
in
a
poor
mountain
village
in
Gansu Province may not
like fun to you.
13.
The
Peking
University
graduate
first
went
there
as
an
volunteer
on a one-year program.
14.
Life in the mountains was a new
experience for Lang Lei. Her
village
was 2,000metere above the sea level, and at first
the thin
air made her feel sick.
15.
Y
oung people today need to
experience different things
16.
Some
of
the
students
may
not
be
able
to
go
to
senior
high
school or collage.
17.
I can open up
my students‘ eyes to the outside world and give
them a good start in life.
18.
She
said
she
likes
being
a
good
influence
i
n
the
children‘s
19
lives.
19.
She now works
as a
math teacher at a high school in
the city
of Pingliang, Gansu Province.
20.
Y
ou are at B‘s house working
on a homework project.
21.
Y
ou
were
supposed
to
meet
at
the
bus
stop
this
morning
to
return it, but A didn‘t
come to
the bus stop.
22.
A
calls
you
with
a
message
for
C.
Pass
on
the
message,
and
then give C‘s answer to A.
23.
What are some
things that happen on soap operas?
本单元语法讲解
直接引语和间接引语
（一）直接引述
别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的
话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成
宾语从句。直接引语必须放
在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，
除将
引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指
< br>示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。
1.
时态的变化：直接引语变为间
接引语时，通常受转述动词
said
，
asked
等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，
< br>也就是一般现在时变
一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时等。
例如：
T
om said to me,―My brother
is doing his homework.‖
→T
om said to me that his
brother was doing his homew
ork.
2.
人称代词、指示代词、时间状
语、地点状语等等的变化；根据意
20
义进行相应的变化。
如：
She
asked
Jack,―Where
have
you
been?‖
→She
asked
Jack
where he had been.
He said,―These books are
mine.‖
→He
said
that
those
books
were his.
（二）直接引
语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句
的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所
用的连词会有所不同。
1.
陈述句的间接引语：
陈述句由直接引语变间接引语，
< br>由
that
引导，
可
以省略。
―I want the blue one.‖ he told us.
―
我想要兰色的。
‖
他
说。
→He told us
that he wanted the blue one.
他
说
他
想
要
兰
色
的。
She said to me, ―Y
ou can‘t
do anything now.‖
她对我说：
―
此
刻你无法做任何事情。
< br>‖
→She told me that I
couldn‘t do anythin
g then.
她
对
我
说
那
时我无法做任何事。
< br>
2.
疑问句的间接引语
直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接疑问句。
间接疑问句为陈述语序，句末用句号，动词时态等的变化与间接陈
述句相同。引述动词常用
ask, wonder, want to
know
等间接疑问句
一般有三种：
(1)
．一般疑问句由直接引语变为
间接引语时，
由
whether
或
if
引
21
导。
如：
―Has he ever worked in
Shanghai?‖Jim asked. ―
他在上海工作过
吗？
‖
吉姆问。
→Jim
a
sked
whether/if he
had ever worked in
Shanghai.
吉姆问
他是否在上海工作过。
―Can you tell
me the way to the hospital?‖ The old man asked.
那个老人问：
―
你能告诉我去医院的路吗？
→The
old
man
asked
whether
I
could
tell
him
the
way
to
the
hospital.
那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路。
(2).
特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，仍由原来的
疑问词引
导。
如：
―Which room do you live in?‖ He asked.
―
你<
/p>
住
哪
个
房
间？
‖
他问我。
→He asked me
which room I lived in.
他
问
我
住
哪
个
房间。
―What do you think of the film?‖ She
asked.
她问
―
你怎么
看这部电影？<
/p>
‖
→She asked her friend what she thought
of the film
.
她
问<
/p>
她
朋
友怎么看这部电影。
(3).
选择疑问句由
直接引语变为间接引语时，由
whether/if
…or
引
导。
如：
―Is it your
bike or T
om‘s? Mum asked.
妈妈问：
―
这是你的自行
< br>22
车还是汤姆的？
‖
→Mum asked whether/if it was
my bike or T
om‘s.
妈妈问这是我的
自行车还是汤姆的。
―Does your sister like blue dresses or
green ones?‖ Kate asked.
―
你妹妹
喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的？
‖
凯特问。
→Kate
asked
whether/if
my
sister
liked
blue
dresses
or
green
ones.
凯特问我妹妹喜欢兰色裙子还是绿色的。
3.
祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变
为间接引语时，
间接祈使句的引述
动词常用
tell
，
ask
，
order
，
beg
，
request
，
order
等，而把直接祈
使句变成带
to
的不定式短语。
如：
Jack said,
―Please come to my house tomorrow,
Mary.
‖
杰
克
说：<
/p>
―
玛丽，明天请到我家来。
‖
→Jack asked Mary to go to his house the
next day.
杰克请玛
丽第二天到他家去。
The
teacher said to the students, ‖Stop
talking.‖
老
师
对
学
生们说：
―
不要讲话了。
‖
→The teacher told the students to stop
talking.
老
师
让
学
生们不要说话了。<
/p>
―Don‘t touch anything.‖ He
said.
―
不要碰
任何东
西。
‖
他说。
< br>
→He told us not to touch
anything.
他
对
我
们
说
不
要
碰任何东西。
23
4.
动词时态和代词等的变动
(1).
某些代词，限定词，表示时间或地点的副词和个别动
词在间
接引语中的变化规则：
直接引语
间接引语
today
that day
now
then, at that moment
yesterday
the day before
the day before yesterday
two days before
tomorrow
the next day /
the following day
the day after
tomorrow
two days after, / in two
days
next week/ month etc
the next week/month etc
last week/ month etc
the week / month etc. before
here
there
this
t
hat
these
those
come
go
bring
take
(2).
如果引述动词为现在时形式，
则间接引语中的动词时态，
代词，
限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。
而如果引
述动词是过去
时，以上内容就要有相应变化。变化情况如下：
现在时间推移到
过去的时间
(
注意
:
如果直接引语是表示客观规律的
,
那么时态仍然
用一般现在时
< br>
一般现在时
→
一般过去时；
24
现在进行时
→
过去进行时；
一般将来时
→
过去将来时；
现在完成时
→
过去完成时；
Unit 5
If you go
to the party
，
you‘ll have a
great time!
1.
at the party
在晚会上
2.
ask sb. to do
sth.
请某人做某事
3.
stay at home
呆在家
4.
half the
class/students
一半学生
5.
get injured
受伤
6.
have a great
time =have a wonderfulgood time
玩得高兴
7.
take
…away
运走，取走
put away
收起来，放好
8.
all the
time=always
一直，始终
9.
make a living
(by doing sth)
谋生
10.
in order to do
sth
…
为了做某事
11.
have a party
举行聚会
12.
go to
college
上大学
13.
be famous
for
…
因??而著称
be famous
as
?
作为?
而出名
14.
make money
=earn money
挣钱
15.
in fact
事实上
16.
laugh
at
…
嘲笑
17.
too much
太多
(
修饰不可数名词
)
too
many
太多
(
修饰可数名词
复数
)
muc
h too+
形容词
/
副词
太?
25
18.
get
exercise
锻炼
注意（
exercise
当“锻炼”是不可数名
词；而当“操”“练习”是可数名词）
19.
travel around
the world
周游世界
20.
work hard
努力工作
21.
wear jeans
穿牛仔裤
22.
let ...
in
允许??进入，嵌入
keep
?
out
不允许。。进入
23.
get an
education
获得教育
24.
take…
away
拿开，拿走
25.
study for the
test
准备考试
26.
make
some
food
准
备
食
物
make
dumplings
做
水
饺
make the bed
整理床铺
27.
half the
class
一半的学生
28.
the rules for
school parties
学校派对的规则
29.
children‘s
hospital
儿童医院
30.
join the
Lions
加入狮队
31.
give money to
schools and charities
给学校和慈善组织捐
钱
32.
become
a
professional
soccer
player
成为一个职业的足
球运动员
33.
organize the
games
for the class party
为班级派对准备游
戏
34.
play sports
for a living
靠体育运动为生
本单元目标句型：
26
1.
If you do, you‘ll…
2. I‘m going to
…
3. Y
ou
should…
4. Don‘t you want to
…?
5. Don‘t you think
….?
①如果李老师去参加晚会，我们将会玩得非常高兴。
If Ms Li goes
to the party,
we‘ll have a great time.
②如果你穿牛仔裤去晚会，李老师将不会让你进入。
If
you
wear
jeans to
the party, Ms Li won‘t let you in.
many
young
people,
becoming
a
professional
athlete
might
seem like a dream job.
you
become
a
professional
athlete,
you
will
be
able
to
make
a
living doing something you
love.
r, professional athletes can also
have many problems.
you
are
famous,
people
will
watch
you
all
the
time
and
follow
you everywhere. This can make life
difficult.
10.
If
you become rich, you will have a difficult time
knowing who
your real friends are.
fact, many famous people complain that
they are not happy.
本单元语法讲解
if
引导的条件状语从句。
If
是连词，
所连接的句子
叫条件状语
从
句，表示假设或条件，意思是
― <
/p>
如果
…
的话
‖<
/p>
，用法如下：
1
、表示假设，表示将会发生和可能发生的事，或进行提醒警告。
句
子
结
构
如
下
If +
句子（一般现在时）
，
+
主句（主语
will/may/can)
+
动词）
a. If you finish your homework , you
can go out and
play.
27
：
b. If I have
enough money next year , I will go to travel .
2.
表示真实条件、客观真理、自然现象、定理定义
.
民
间谚
语等，句型是：
If +
句子
（一般现在时
）
，
+
主句
（
一般现在时）
.
例：
If you study hard ,you are sure to
succeed .
If you put ice in a warm
place ,it turns into water .
If a glass falls on the
floor, it usually breaks
If you cook a banana, it
becomes very soft .
If a plant don‘t get enough light ,it
grows very tall and thin.
Unit 6 How long have you been
collecting shells?
1.
raise money for
筹钱
2.
collect stamps
集邮
3.
run out
of…
用尽
4.
by the way
顺便说一下
5.
on the way
to..
在
…
的路上
6.
be interested
in
对
…
感兴趣
7.
more than=over
超过
8.
fly kites
放风筝
9.
start class
开始上课
10.
start a snow
globe collector‘s club
开办雪球仪收
集者俱乐部
11.
the most
common(unusual, interesting) hobby
最普通的爱好
12.
listen to
music videos
听音乐碟片
28