人教版八年级英语下册unit8单元知识点归纳总结

Unit 8

知识点总结

Section A

1. Have you read Little Woman yet?

你读过《小妇人》这本书吗？

【解析】现在完成时

现在完成时的基本句型：

肯定式：主语

+

助动词

have/has +

动词的过去分词

.

疑问式：助动词

Have/Has +

主语

+

动词的过去分词

?

否定式

:

主语

+

助动词

have/has + not +

动词的过去分词

现在完成时的主要用法

1.

表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常和副词

alrea dy,

yet,

never,

ever ,before ,just

等连用。

.

I have

finished my homework. I am free

(

我已经完成了家庭作业

,

对 现在造成的结果是很有空

)

2.

表示过去已经开始

,

.

常与

< br>since +

过去的时间点，

for +

一段时间，

so far

等时间状语连用。

I have learnt English for more than ten years.

我已经学了

10

多年的英语。

(

从

10

年前开始

,

持续到现在 还在学

)

She has swum since half an hour ago.

我已经游泳了半个小时

(

半个小时前已经开始游泳

,

到现在还在游< /p>

)

already/ yet

的区别：

a

）

already

往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强

调或加强语气；

yet

用于否定句和疑问

句。

He has already left here.

他已经离开这里了。

My teachers haven

’

t had breakfast yet.

我的老师们还没有吃早饭。

Have you written to your parents yet?

【成都】

45.

—Jack, let’s go to see the movie Harry Potter.

—Oh, I ______

it many times. So I don’t want to see it.

A. have seen

B. see

C. will see

【广】

33.

—Why don’t you go to the movie with me, Betty?

—

Because I ______ it before.

第

1

页

共

15

页

A. saw

B. have seen

C. see

’

s it like?

它怎么样？

【解析】某物怎么样？

What’s +

物

+like?

How+be +

物？

某人怎么样？

What’s +

人

+like?

用来提问人的性格

What do / does +

人

+ look like?

用来提问人的外表。

【黑龙江齐齐哈尔】

—

What does Anna look like?

—

_________.

A. She’s kind

B. She’s tall

C. She likes skating

3.

Oliver Twist is about a boy who went out to sea and found an Island

full of

treasures.

《雾都孤

儿》

讲的是一个小男孩出海并发现了一个满是珠宝的小岛的故事。

【解析】

full of

充满

be full of = be filled with

充满

【山东莱芜】

If

you

read

a

lot,

your

life

will

be

full

___

pleasure.

A.

by

B.

of

C .for

D. with

4. It’s about four sisters

growing up.

它讲述的是四个姐妹的成长故事。

【解析】

grow up

长大；成长

I grew up in Beijing.

grow into

长大成为

Mary grew into a beautiful girl.

5. You should

hurry up

.

你得快点。

【解析】

hurry up

赶快；急忙（做某事）

(

用在口语中，用来催促别人快走）

in a hurry

匆忙地

hurry to do sth

匆忙去做

hurry off

匆忙离开

I'm in a hurry.

我很赶。

6. The book report is

due

in two weeks.

读书报告两周后就要到期了。

【解析

1

】

due

adj.

预期；预定

,

通常只用作表语。

be due to do sth

预期做某事

You are due to hand in your composition on Friday afternoon.

【解析

2

】

in two weeks

，

in

意为 “在

......

以后”

，

“

in+

一段时间”用在一般将来时的句子中，意为“在

......

（时间）后”

。

He will be back in a week.

一周之后，他将回来。

【注意】

：

after

常用在一般过去式的句子中。

He got to Beijing after two hours.

他是两个下时候到北京的。

7. When I first arrived on this island , I had

nothing.

第

2

页

共

15

页

当我第一次到这个岛上的时候，我一无所有。

【解析】

nothing

没有什么；没有东西

用法：

（

1

）不定代词，意为“什么也没有， 没有东西”

。相当于

not…anything.

There is nothing in the fridge.

She has nothing to do .

(2)

当有修饰词来修饰

nothi ng

等不定代词时，要放在不定代词后面。

修饰词可以是形容词、动词不定式等。

I want something to drink.

I have nothing special to tell you.

（

3

）在英 语中，不定代词有：

something

anything

everything

everyone

everybody

someone

anyone

somebody

anybody

no one

nothing

nobody

Would you like ___________ (

吃的东西

)

？

【北京

4

】

---Tom, supper is ready.

----I don't want to eat____________ ,Mum. I'm not feeling well.

A. everything

B. nothing

C. something

D. anything

【莱芜

3

】

A smile costs ________, but gives so much.

A. something

B. anything

C. nothing

D .everything

8. I’ve

brough

t back many things I can use

—

food and drink ,tools , knives and guns.

我带回许多我能用的东西

——

食物、饮料、工具、刀和枪、

【解析】

bring

带来

【辨析】

fetch/ bring/ take

(1)fetch

v

去拿来

=get

去（某地）

拿来（讲话者处）

(2)bring (brought, brought)

v

带来从（某地）拿到（讲话者处）

bring up

养育，养大

bring sb. sth = bring sth to sb.

给某人带某物

(3) take

v

带来

从（讲话者）拿走

take

→

took

→

taken

【短语】

take care

小心

take charge of

负责，看管

take hold of

握住

take off

脱下

take out

取出

take a look

看一看

take away

拿走

take exercise

做运动

第

3

页

共

15

页

take it easy

不紧张

take one’s time

从容不迫

(

)

①

—Oh ,I’ve left my schoolbag in the classroom.

—

Don’t worry. I’ll ___it for

you.

A. bring

B. get

C. carry

D. take

(

)

②

The teacher told the students ____ any food into the classroom .

A. not to bring

B. not bring

C. don’t bring

D. to bring not

(

)

③

—

Don’t forget ____ your history and politics books tomorrow morning.

A. bring

B. to bring

C. bringing

【湖北荆州】

—

Sam, my iPhone is in my bedroom. Could you ___ it for me?

—

No problem.

A. bring

B. fetch

C. take

D. carry

【浙江】

—I’ve left my keys in the meeting room. Please ___them for me.

—

All right.

A. buy

B. paint

C. wash

D. fetch

【黑龙江】－

I’m sorry, Mr Li. I ______ my

English homework at home.

－

Don’t forget ____ it to school tomorrow.

A. left, to bring

B. forgot, to take

C. lost, to bring

else

is on my island?

是谁在我的岛上？

【解析】

else

其他的；别的

【辨析】

other /else

(1)other adj.

“别的；其他的”

修饰

n.

放名词前作定语。

On the other hand “

另一方面

”

(2) else adj.

“别的；其他的”

放疑问词或不定代词之后。

①

. What _____ do you want to say?

②

. What ______ thing do you want?

A. other

B. others

C. else

D.

till

③

. There is _______in his home.

A. other nothing

B. nothing other

C. else nothing

D. nothing else

【娄底

2

】

9.

—

What did you do last night?

—

I _________TV and read books.

A. watch

B. watched

C. have watched

10. I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship.

我看见一些食人族正试图杀死来自一艘破船上的两个人。

【解析】

see sb. Doing sth

看见某人正在做某事

第

4

页

共

15

页

see sb. do sth

看见某人做了某事

【黔东南州】

When I passed the classroom, I heard a girl ____ in it.

A. sing

B. losing

C. sang

D. singing

11. How long have they been here?

他们来这里多久了。

【解析】

have been (in)

待在某地

⑴

have/has gone to

“到某地去”

，说话时该人不在现场，

—

Where is Jim

？

———

吉姆在哪里？

—

He has gone to England

．

———

（尚未回来）

⑵

have/has been t o

“曾经去过某地”

，现在已不在那里了，

后可接 次数，如

once

，

twice

，

three times

等，表示“去过某 地几次”

，

也可和

j ust

，

never

，

ever

等连用。

My father has been to Beijing twice

．我父亲去过北京两次。

⑶

have been in

表示“在某地呆了多少时间”

，常与时间段状语连用。

I have been in Shanghai for three years

．我到上海已有三年了

【 江苏常州

1

】

—

Why are you worried?

—I’m expecting a call from my daughter. She

______ New for three days.

A. has gone to

B. has been to

C. has been in

D. has come in

【湖北孝感

1

】

—I’d like you to tell me something about Shen Nongjia.

—I’m sorry, but nei

ther Jack nor I ____ there.

A. have been

B. had been

C. have gone

D. has gone

【天津

2

】

—

Is Tom at home?

—

No, he ______ to town.

A. has been

B. has gone

C. goes

D. will go

12. One of them died but

the other

ran

towards

my house.

他们中的一个人死了，另一个朝我的房子这边跑过来了。

【解析

1

】

the other

另一个

词条

other

the other

others

含义

泛指其他的人、物

指两个人或物中的一个

泛指另外几个，其余的

用法

作形容词或代词，其后接名词的复数形式

通常用于固定短语

one... The other ...

中

是

other

的复数形式，在句中作主语、宾

第

5

页

共

15

页

语

the others

another

其他东西；其余的人们

其他的；再一个；另一个

特指某一范围的“其他的人或物”

只能用于三个或更多的人或物

【孝感

3

】

22. My family has two dogs. One is white, ________ is black.

A. other

B. another

C. the other

D. others[

来源