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考研英语大纲附录二

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-08 18:26
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2021年2月8日发(作者:silver)


附录


2



常用的前缀和 后缀,


部分国家


(或


地区)

< p>
、语言、国民及国籍表,洲名及常


见缩写词



一、常用的前缀和后缀



1


、常用前缀



aero-



concerning the air of aircraft


plane-aeroplane


飞机



space- aerospace


航空空间



an ti-



against


< p>
opposite of


nuclear-antinuclear


反对核武器的



matter- antimatter


反物质



war-antiwar


反战的



auto-



of or by oneself


biography


传记


< p>


autobiography


自传



criticism


批评


-autocriticism


自我反省



be-



to treat



as the stated thing


friend- befriend


以朋友的方式对待;照顾



little- belittle


使显得微小,轻视、贬低


< br>bi-



two



twice



double


lingual-bilingual


双语的;





cycle-bicycle


bio-



concerning living things


chemistry- biochemistry


生化



sphere-biosphere


生物圈



by-



bye-



less important


produce-by-produce


way-byway


偏僻小路;学科的次要领域,


冷门



centi-



hundredth part


grade-centigrade


?


摄氏



meter-centimeter


厘米



co-



together



with


author- coauthor


合著者,合著



exist-coexist


同时共存、和平共处



col-



( used before l ) together



with


location- collocation


排列,配置,词的搭配



com-



( used before b



m



p ) together



with


passion-compassion


怜悯、同情



con-



together



wit h


centric- concentric


同一中心的、同轴



federation- confederation


结盟



同盟,联邦



contra-



opposite


diction-contradiction


矛盾、否定



反驳



natural- contranatural


违背自然的



cor-



( used before r ) together



with


1


relate-correlate


有相关性



respond- correspond


相符合相一致,


相当类


似通信



counter-



opposite


act-counteract


对抗、抵消



attack- counterattack


反攻、反击


< br>cross-



across



going


between


the


stated


things and joining them


country- crosscountry


越野的



breed- crossbreed


杂种,使杂交



de-



showing


an


opposite



to


remove



to


reduce


code-decode


译码、解码、分析电子信号



value-devalue


贬值,贬低



dis-



not



the opposite of


advantage-disadvantage


不利、劣势、短处



agree- disagree


不同意、不一致、不适合



honest-dishonest


不诚实、不老实



em-



(


used


before


b



m



p


)


to


cause


to


become


body- embody


表现、象征;包括、包含



power-empower


授权、准许



en-



to cause to become



to make


danger-endanger


危及、使遭受危险



large- enlarge


扩大、扩充



放大



ex-



former ( and still living )


minister-ex-minister



v


辅助


;


服侍


,


部长



wife-ex-wife


前妻


< /p>


extra-



outside



beyond


curricular- extracurricular


学校课程以外的



ordinary-extraordinary


奇怪;特别;额外,


临时



fore-



in advance< /p>



before



in or at the front


arm- forearm


前臂,预先武装



warn-forewarn


预先警告;事先告知



il-



( used before l ) not


legal-illegal


非法



literate- illiterate


目不识丁、文盲的



im-



( used before b



m



p ) not


moral-immoral


不道德、邪恶;放荡的



possible-impossible


不可能、


办不到的;



难接受



in-



not


direct-indirect


间接地,婉转的



sensitive-insensitive


感觉迟钝,不友好的;


麻木



1


infra-



below in a range



beyond


red- infrared


红外线的



str ucture



infrastructure


基础设施,


基础结




inter-



between

< p>


among


change


interchange


互换、互易;交替变




national



international


国际的



intra-



inside



withi n



into


city



intracity


市内的



department--intra-department

< br>ir-




used before



r



not


regular



irregular


不对称、不规则的;不


定期的



responsible



irrespon sible


不负责



kilo-



thousand


gram



kilogram


千克



meter--kilometer


macro-



large

< br>,


esp.


concerning


a


whole


system rather than


particular parts of


economics



macroeconomics


宏观经济学



structure



macrostructure


宏观结构



mal-



bad or badly


function



malfunct ion


故障,障碍



treat



maltreat


虐待、滥用



micro-



extremely small


computer



mi crocomputer


微机



el ectronics



microelectronics


微电子学



mid-



middle



day



midday


中午



night



midnight


午夜



mini-


small



short


bus



minibus


小汽车



skirt

< br>—


miniskirt


超短裙



mis-



bad or badly



wrong or wrongly

< p>
fortune



misfortune


不幸,厄运;灾难、


灾祸


< p>
understand



misundersta nd


误会



误解



mono-


one



single


plane



monoplane

< p>
单翼机



tone



monotone


单调的



multi-



more than one



many


purpose< /p>



multipurpose


多种用途的 ,多目




national



multinational


多国的,跨国公 司



2


non-



not


resident--non(-)resident



①不住在某地的②


(


指工作

< br>)


不要求任职者住在工作地点的;


不住在旅馆等中的



sense



nonsense


胡说,无聊的事物



out-



outside



b eyond


live--outlive


< br>(


某人


)


长寿

< br>;


活到


(


某事


)



被遗忘



door



outdoor


户 外的



露天



over-



too much



above



ad ditional


head-- overhead


离地面的


;


头顶上的


;


上空



,


架空的



time-- overtime


超出的时间


;


额外的时间费



poly-



many


centric



polycentric


多中心的



syllabic

< br>—


polysyllabic


多音节的



post-



later than



after


gradua te



postgraduate


研究生的,生



war



postwar


战后的


< /p>


pre-



before



in advance


pay


prepay


预付


< p>
war



prewar


战 前的,在战前



pro-



in favor of



supporting


America--pro-America


abortion--pro-abortion


早产



pseudo-



not real



false


name



pseudonym


假名,化名;笔名< /p>



science


pseudoscience


伪科学


< br>re-



again



back to the former state


unite



reunite


重聚,再联合

< p>


use



reuse


再用



self-



by means of oneself or itself



of

< br>,


to



with



for



or in


oneself or itself


employed-- self-employed


taught--self-taught

< p>
semi-



half



partly


circle



semicircle


半圆形



final



semifinal

< br>半决赛



step-



not by birth but through a parent who


has remarried




mothe r



stepmother


继母



children



stepchildren


养子



s ub-



under



below



less important



part of


the stated bigger


whole


2


divide


< br>subdivide


再分,细分



section--subsection


分部


,


分段


,


小部分


,


小单



,


细分



super-



more



larger


greater than usual


< p>
market



supermarket


超市



natural



supernatural


超自然的,超自然的


现象



tele-



at or over a long distance



by or for


television


communication



telecommunication


电信< /p>



screen--telescreen

therm(o)-



concerning heat


chemistry--thermochemistry


meter



thermometer


温度计



trans-:



across,


on


or


to


the


other


side


of


;


between


Atlantic-transatlantic


电视屏幕


,


荧光屏



plant- transplant


移植



tri-:



three; three times


angular-triangular


三角



cycle-tricycle


三轮车


,


机器三轮车

< br>


ultra-:



beyond; very, extremely


modern- ultramodern


超现代化的



sound- ultrasound


超声,超声波



un-:



not


certain- uncertain


不确定的



fortunate-unfortunate


不幸的,不幸的人



under-:



too little; below


develop-underdevelop(


使


)


发展不完全


,(


使


)


显影不足



sea-undersea


海面下的



uni-:



one, singer


form- uniform


制服,相同的,清一色的



directional-unidirectional


单向 的,


单向性的



vice-:



next in the rank; below


chairman-vice-chairman


副委员长



president- vice-president


副总统,副校长



2.


常用后缀




1


)名词后缀



-ability



-ibility


能力



able-ability


flexible-flexibility


弹性


,


适应性


,


机动性


,





-age


时期



post-postage


邮费,邮资



short-shortage


不足



3


-al


arrive- arrival


到达


,


抵达



;物



refuse-refusal


拒绝



-an



-ian


-arian


员;人



library-librarian


music- musician


-ance



-ence


appear-appearance


refer- reference




-ancy



-ency


emerge- emergency


紧急情况



expect- expectancy


期望



-ant



-ent




apply- applicant


申请求职人



correspond-correspondent


通信员



记者



-cy


accurate- accuratcy


精确的


,


准确



private-


praivit]


privacy


?


隐居


,


独处私事


,


隐私



-dom


king- kingdom


国王,界,领域



free- freedom


自由,自主权



-ee




employ- employee


雇工



interview- interviewee


接受面谈者


;


被接见




- er



-or



-ar




paint- painter


beg-beggar


乞丐



-ery


行为;身份、制度



brave- bravery


slave- slavery


奴隶身份



制度



-ese




China-Chinaese


Japan-Japanese


-ess





actor-actress


waiter- waitress


-ful




hand-handful


一把



少数



spoon- spoonful


一匙的量



-hood


child-childhood


man-manhood


成年


,


成年期


;


男子气概



-ics


学科



electron- electronics


3

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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