-
杨浦区
2019
学年
第一学期高三模拟质量调研
英语学科试卷
2019.12
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage
below, fill in the blanks to make the passage
coherent and
grammatically correct. For
the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank
with the proper form of
the given word;
for the other blanks, use one word that best fits
each blank.
Killer
Rabbits
You’d never think of rabbits as
dreadful, destructive creatures, would you?
Rabbits are cute
and love-able.
However, Australians discovered (21) ________ harm
these cute creatures can do the
hard
way.
Rabbits were introduced to Australia in
1788 as food animals. By 1827, they were running
around large estates, and in 1859,
disaster struck. A man released 12 wild rabbits
onto his property
for hunting and he
(22) ________ have thought that was harmless fun.
But Australia has no
predators
（捕食者）
(23)
________
(adapt)
to
killing
rabbits
and
none
of
the
diseases
that
kept
their
populations (24) ________ control in
Europe. The loose rabbits bred like, well,
rabbits, and began
to take over the
countryside. Within a few decades, there were
millions. By 1950, there were 600
million rabbits in Australia.
Six hundred million hungry rabbits
could do real harm. They caused more damage than
any other species introduced to the
continent. They ate native plant species (25)
________ they
disappeared. They
competed for food and shelter with native animals.
they caused the extinction or
endangerment of numerous plant and
animal species. And they were a nightmare for
cattle and sheep
farmers, (26)________
animals couldn't get enough grass to eat and
starved.
The rabbits did
some good, of course. They provided food for poor
families. They supported
fur
industries. But their impact on the environment
and major livestock economy was too negative
(27)________(ignore). People tried
trapping them. They even built a huge wall against
them. But
(28)________(effective)
weapon was a virus.
(29)
________(test) multiple times, the
deadly myxoma virus was released on Australia's
rabbits in 1950. The virus had been
developed very carefully
to
affect only rabbits. Nearly 100
percent of the rabbits who caught the
disease (30) ________(die).Populations fell. It
was a huge
success. Cattle and sheep
farming recovered gradually, and threatened plants
were better protected.
Eventually,
rabbits became resistant to the virus.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a
proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be
used only
once. Note that there is one
word more than you need.
1
/
10
A. string
B. contained
C. representing
D. detailing
E. scientific
F. currents
G.
recovered
H.
encountered
I.
estimated
J.
instructions
K.
decoration
Bottle Found at
Sea Used for Scientific Purpose
Combing the beach for shells, sea
glass, or colorful rocks is a leisure activity
enjoyed by
many. Some even use metal
detectors to find buried treasure or other
objects. Only the lucky few
have
___31___ a message in a bottle that was dropped
off by the tide. The tradition of putting a
letter to an unknown recipient into a
bottle and throwing it into the ocean has an
interesting past. An
early ___32___ use
for the practice was revealed when the oldest
recorded message in a bottle was
found
by Tonya on a beach near Wedge Island,
Australia.
Tonya was on a
family outing when she noticed the antique glass
bottle
in the sand and
thought it would make a nice
___33___. While she was cleaning the
sandy gin bottle, a rolled up
paper
tied with a ___34___ fell out. The damp page was a
message written in German and dated
June 12, 1886. According to official
documents from the German sailing vessels, Paula,
a crew
member
tossed
the
bottle
overboard
a(n)
___35___
950
km
off
the
coast
of Western Australia.
Further research
authenticated(
验证）
the letter,
which had been sent afloat 132 years ago and is
the
oldest message in a bottle ever
___36___.
Historians confirm
that thousands of similar bottles were cast
overboard by German ships
between 1864
and 1933. And
___37___
inside were official documents written by the
captain of the
ship, ___38__ routes,
coordinates, and other information. These early
messages in a bottle were an
attempt by
the German Naval Observatory to map
ocean
___39___ around the
world.
On the back of the
notes were __40__ to write the time and place the
bottles were found and
return them to
the German Naval Observatory in Hamburg or the
nearest German authorities. Using
this
information for reference was an early system of
studying patterns in nature and the vast ocean
in particular.
III.
Reading
Comprehension
Section
A
Directions: For each blank
in the following passage there are four words or
phrases marked A, B, C
and D. Fill in
each blank with the word or phrase that best fits
the context.
A star athlete
stopped by my office and she was eaten up by self-
criticism after committing
a
few
errors
during
a
weekend
match.
“I’m
at
peak
___41___
and
I
practise
hard.
How
is
this
happening?” This student, like many I
teach, believes she should be able to ___42___ the
outcomes
of her life by virtue of her
hard work.
I
study
and
write
about
resilience
(
复原力
),
and
I’m
noticing
a(n)___43___
increase
in
students like this
athlete. When they win, they feel powerful and
smart. When they fall short of what
they imagine they should ___44___,
however, they are crushed by self-
blame.
We talk often about
young adults struggling with failure because their
parents have protected
them from
___45___. But there is something else at play
among the most advantaged in particular:
2
/
10
a ___46___ promise that they can
achieve anything if they are willing to work for
it.
Psychologists have
sourced this phenomenon to a misapplication of
“mind-set” research,
which
has
found
that
praising
children
for
___47___
will
increase
academic
performance.
Developed by
Stanford psychologist Carol Dweck, mind-set
education has spread across classrooms
worldwide.
But
a
2018
analysis
found
that
while
praising
hard
work
over
ability
may
benefit
economically disadvantaged students, it
does not ___48___ help everyone.
One possible explanation comes from
Nina Kumar, who argued in a research paper last
year
that for teens in wealthy,
pressure-cooker communities, “It is not a ___49___
of motivation and
perseverance that is
the big problem. ___50___, it is unhealthy
perfectionism and difficulty with
backing off when they should, when the
fierce drive for achievements is over the top.”
This can
___51___ physical and
emotional stress. In a 2007 study, psychologists
Gregory Miller determined
that
adolescent girls who refused to give up the
___52___ goals showed elevated levels of CRP, a
protein that serves as a marker of
systemic inflammation (
炎症
)
linked to diabetes, heart disease
and
other medical conditions.
The cruel reality is that you can do
everything in your power and still fail. This
knowledge
comes
early
to
underrepresented
minorities
whose
experience
of
discrimination
(
歧
视
)
and
inequality teaches them
to ___53___ what is, for now, largely beyond their
control to change. Yet
for others, the
belief that success is always within their grasp
is a setup. Instead of allowing our kids
to beat themselves up when things don’t
go their way
，
we should all
question a culture that has
taught them
that how they perform for others is more important
than what ___54___ inspires them
and
that where they go to college matters more than
the kind of person they are. We should be wise
to remind our kids that life has a way
of disappointing us when we least ___55___ it.
It’s often the
people who learn to say
“stuff happens” who get up the fastest.
41. A. coolness
42. A. control
43.
A. amusing
44. A. apply
45.
A. disbelief
46.
A. bright
47.
A. virtue
48.
A. originally
49.
A. choice
50.
A. instead
51.
A. result from
52. A. Immoral
53. A. challenge
54. A. plainly
55. A. exhibit
B.
fitness
C. goodness
B. change
C.
adjust
B. inspiring
C.
troubling
B. approve
C. appreciate
B.
disagreement
C.
discovery
B. false
C. general
B. ability
B. obviously
B. command
B. Otherwise
B. apply for
B. impersonal
B.
accept
B.
probably
B.
expect
3
/
10
D.
readiness
D. celebrate
D. touching
D. accomplish
D.
discomfort
D.
flexible
D. status
D. regularly
D. lack
D. However
D.
lead to
D. impolite
D.
inquire
D.
actually
D.
recognize
C.
effort
C. necessarily
C. display
C. Therefore
C. associate
with
C. impossible
C.
assess
C.
immediately
C.
establish
Section B
Directions: Read the following three
passages. Each passage is followed by several
questions or
unfinished statements. For
each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C
and D. Choose the
one that fits best
according to the information given in the passage
you have just read.
(A)
David Miles,
an Australian inventor has been accused of
cheating desperate farmers by
charging
up
to
$$50,000
Australian
dollars
for
delivering
rain
on
demand
without
so
much
as
explaining the technology behind his
business.
On the official
Miles Research website
，
Miles
explains that in the 1990’s he realized that
it was possible to influence weather
patterns by creating a bridge between ‘the
present’ and a ‘near-
future event’ in
the physical space-time continuum. He found that
by applying small amounts of
energy
intelligently, even a large, messy weather system
approaching from the future could be
eased.
While somewhat
fascinating, Miles’ explanation does little to
explain how he is able to
bring
rainfall to the lands of farmers. He makes
references to famous but debatable concepts like
“the butterfly effect”. “We were
advised against patenting because ifs basically
exposing how it
works. There are a lot
of big companies that invest in hunting out
patents,” Miles said “I understand
the
doubts
，
the only other way is
to fully prove up our science and physics. If we
did that, we'll lose
it, it will be
taken up as a national security interest and it’ll
then be weaponized.”
Miles'
claims raised suspicions for obvious reasons,
including a since-deleted section of
his company website, which claimed that
his technology used “electromagnetic scalar
waves”
，
which scientists say
don’t even exist.
The
Australian
Competition
and
Consumer
Commission
(ACCC)
has
warned
people
against doing
business with him, but the Australian inventor
claims the ACCC is only trying to
defame him and his company, as in
reality they are success based - if it doesn’t
rain, they don’t get
paid.
“Consumers signed the agreement that if
by the end of June they receive 100mm, they
pay $$50,000, if they only receive 50mm,
they would only pay $$25,000. Anything under
half
，
we
don’t
want to be paid,” Miles said of a handful of
Wimmera farmers who agreed to take him up on
his offer to deliver rain.
Believe it or not, one of the farmers
who paid David Miles for his so-called rain-making
capabilities told ABC Radio that he was
quite happy with the results.
56.
David Miles
claims to be capable of ________.
A.
influencing
the weather system
B.
predicting the
future events
C.
reducing the atmospheric
temperature
D.
easing the gravitational
energy
57.
ACCC issued warning against doing
business with Miles because________.
4
/
10
A.
he charged too
much for the services provided
B.
there was no
solid science to hack up his technology
C.
his practice
was a threat to national security
interest
D.
he didn’t officially patent his
technology with ACCC
58.
According to
Miles
，
how much will be paid
if the farmers receive 15mm of rain?
A.
$$50,000.
B. $$25,000.
C. $$12,500.
D. $$0.
59.
What can be
inferred from the passage?
A.
Miles needed
safer facilities for his business.
B.
Miles brought
about good crops as expected.
C.
Miles wasn’t
discouraged by the critics.
D.
Miles was
arrested by the local police.
(B)
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