-
书信作文十大类型
1.
投诉信(抱怨信)
(Letter of
Complaint)
(1)
写作方法
①首段:注意客观礼貌
a.
自我介绍;
b.
引出投诉内容
c.
表明目的要求。
②
主体:展开说明投诉原因、具体理
由或后果,注意内容充实,符合交际习惯。
a.
详细说明情况,中肯提出问题;
b.
提出改进建议,表明希望如何解决;
c.
拓展题目内容,尤其要强调问题不解决所带来的后果。
③
尾段:提出解决方案,不用展开,注意公平公正、礼貌原则。
a.
表达强烈愿望,希望上述问题得到迅速恰当的解决;
b.
c.
d.
(2)
写作流程图
提出抱怨并表示遗憾
有时可就问题的解决限定时间;
对有关人员的努力表示感谢;
希望尽快得到满意答复。
阐述问题发生的经过
指出问题引起的后果
1
提出批评及处理的意见或敦促对方采取措施
第一部分:提出抱怨并表示遗憾
套语:
(1)
很抱歉打扰您,但我必须郑重提出投诉。
I
am sorry to trouble you but I am afraid that I
have to make a serious complaint.
(2) <
/p>
我很遗憾地告诉你投诉有关
……
.
的事由。
I am sorry to
tell you that there should be cause to complain
about
…
(3)
我真的很讨厌抱怨,但最近有一件事情确实令人烦心。
I
really hate to complain, but one thing is really
disturbing now.
第二部分:阐述问题发生的经过
套语:无
第三部分:指出问题引起的后果
套语:
(1)
噪音影响我的睡眠,使得我在上班时间无法集中精力。结果这些天我已经搞错了好
几
次
The noise disturbs my sleep
so that I can
’
t concentrate
on my work during the work time,
and as
a result, I have made several mistakes these days.
(2)
在这样(嘈杂)环境下我无法进行研究,我需要一间安
静的房间。
2
For me this
environment is very difficult to make studies and
I need a quiet room.
第四部分:提出批评及处理的意见或敦促对方采取措施
套语:
(1)
我认为是你认识到
……
的时候了。
I think
it
’
s high time that you
realized
…
.
(2)
我们深知你们并不经常出错,但我们希望能确保这类差
错不再发生。
We know that you are
not generally careless, but we should like your
assurance that this will
not happen
again.
(3)
我必须正告
贵方,除非对目前状况采取措施,否则我将被迫诉诸法律。
I must warn
you that unless
you do something about the situation,
I
will be forced to take
legal action.
(4)
坦率地所,我不再准备忍受这种状况。
Frankly, I am not prepared to put up
with the situation any more.
(5)
如果您能尽快调查此事,我将不胜感激。期待您尽快回复。
I
would
be
very
grateful
if
you
could
look
into
the
matter
as
soon
as
possible.
And
I
am
looking forward to an
early reply.
练一练
Directions:
For this part,
you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition
on the topic
A
Letter to the
University President about the Library Service on
Campus.
You should write
at
least 120 words, and base your composition on the
outline given below in Chinese:
假设你是李强,
请你就本校图书馆的状况给校长写一封信,内容应涉及图书馆的藏书数
量和更新状况、环
境、服务等,可以是表扬,可以是批评建议,也可以兼而有之。
3
2.
咨询信
(Letter of
Inquiry)
(1)
写作方法
①
首段:
a.
b.
c.
②
主体:
a.
询问具体问题,注意疑问句式;
b.
提供背景材料及询问原因;
c.
强调所需信息重要性;
d.
题目要求的内容均应涉及。
③
尾段:
a.
表明急切心情,提供联系方式;
b.
结尾彬彬有礼,表示诚挚谢意;
c.
希望得到对方帮助和合作。
(2)
写作流程图
4
复述题目场景,表明写作目的;
遵守礼貌原则,只问相关信息;
简要介绍自己,表明写作目的。
说明写信的目的
介绍背景
询问详情
表示谢意,期盼回复
第一部分:说明写信的目的
套语:
(1)
我是……,暑期计划到贵校学习。
I
am a
…
and planning to study
in your university this summer.
(2)
我是一名中国学生,想到贵校学习。我计划下个学期开始上课,如果您能告知一些
必要的信息,我将不胜感激。
I am a
Chinese student who wishes to study at your
university. My plan is to start my course
from the next term, and I would be
grateful if it
’
s so kind of
you to give me some essential
information.
(3)
我写信是要询问……
I’
m
writing to ask if
…
第二部分:介绍背景
套语:
(1)
我获得
……高校的……学士学位。毕业后便开始在……工作。
I received a Bachelor of
…
degree
in
…
After graduation, I began
working
…
.
(2)
是我的朋友建议我写这封信的
。他去年毕业于贵校,热情地向我推荐贵校。
I am writing at the suggestion of a
friend who graduated from your university last
year
and has warmly recommended it to
me.
(3)
我已经取得了生物学学士学位,并希望能在贵校继续学习。
I
have
had
a
bachelor
’
s
degree
in
biology
and
wish
to
continue
my
study
at
your
university.
5
第三部分:询问详情
套语:
(1)
您能向我介绍一下贵校的
……
情况吗?
Could you please tell me something
about your
…
?
(2)
能否寄给我一份申请表及与申请有关的其他必要的材料?
Would
you
please
send
me
an
application
form
and
other
materials
necessary
for
my
application?
(3)
您能尽快告知这些信息并邮寄给我相关表格吗?非常感谢!
Would you please send me all the
information and the forms as soon as possible?
Thank
you very much.
(4)
如果你能告诉我那些必须经过的程序,我将不胜感激。
I would be much obliged to you if you
let me know the procedures I have to go through.
第四部分:表示谢意,期盼回复
套语:
(1)
很抱歉打扰您,对您的友善帮助不胜感激。
Sorry to bother you, your kind help
would be greatly appreciated.
(2)
如果您能回复,我将感激不尽。
I
will appreciate it very much if you can give me a
reply.
练一练
Directions:
For this part,
you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition
on the topic
A
Letter of
Inquiry of Applying for an English
Club
. You should write at least 120
words, and
base your composition on the
outline given below in Chinese:
假设你是王梅,
就申请加入英语俱乐部给俱乐部负责人写一封信,内容应涉及自己的基
6
本情况,并咨询相关事宜,如入会方式、条件、会费、活动等。
3.
建议信
(Letter of suggestion)
(1)
建议信写作注意事项
写作目
的是提出建议或忠告。不是投诉信,观点要合情合理,注意礼貌当先。
(2)
写作方法
①
首段:
a.
简介自己,不要罗嗦;
b.
说明目的,注意语气。
②
主体:
a.
提出具体建议;
b.
首先肯定优点,再写改进内容,否则变成投诉信;
c.
经常进行交流,注意对方感受,
时时提到你和我,否则容易跑题写成议论文,因为内
容与议论文相似。
< br>
③
尾段:总结建议,注意礼貌,易于接受。
(3)
写作流程图
7
说明写信的目的
介绍详情、说明原因
提出建议
第一部分:说明写信的目的
套语:
(1)
来信收到,得知你下个月要对中国进行一次为期十天的访问,我建议
……
I have received your letter saying that
you plan to have a visit to China for ten days
next
month. I recommend
that
…
(2)
写此信是要提出我对饭店管理进一步提高和改进的建议
——
建立我们自己的网站来
吸引更多的客户。
I
am writing to you to present what I think on the
further improvement of our hotel so as to
establish a website of our own to
attract more clients.
第二部分:介绍详情、说明原因
套语:无
第三部分:提出建议
套语:
我建议
……
I’
d like to suggest
that
…
May I
suggest that
…
In
my opinion
…
I
would like to make a recommendation
that
…
I am
writing to advise you of
…
If I were you, I
would
…
8
提出希望采纳建议,并表示谢意,盼望回复
第四部分:提出希望采纳建议,并表示谢意,盼望回复
套语:
(1)
对你就此事的关注不胜感激。
Thank you for
your attention.
(2)
请仔细考虑我的建议,谢谢。
Please take good consideration of my
advice. Thanks.
范文示例
Directions:
For
this
part,
you
are
allowed
thirty
minutes
to
write
a
letter.
Suppose
you
are
Zhang
Ying.
Write
a
letter
to
Xiao
Wang,
a
schoolmate
of
yours
who
is
going
to
visit
you
during the weeklong
holiday. You should write at least 100 words
according to the suggestions
given
below in Chinese.
1
、表示欢迎。
2
、提出对度假安排的建议。
3
、提醒应注意的事项。
A Letter to a Schoolmate
Dear Xiao Wang,
I am very
glad to know that you are soon coming to Beijing
to join me in the summer
holiday. I
have been looking forward to your arrival.
Since
you
can
stay
in
Beijing
only
for
a
week,
I
am
afraid
that
you
will
have
a
tight
schedule for visiting
the numerous places of historic interest. My
suggestion is that you first
visit some
famous places that you have the greatest interest
in, such as the Palace Museum, the
Summer
Place,
the
Great
Wall;
then
you
can
visit
those
places
you
think
less
important.
I
believe
this
kind
of
arrangement
will
make
you
have
enough
time
to
appreciate
what
you
really
want to see. Moreover if you really want to be a
good traveler, I advise you to read some
introductory
books
to
these
places
before
you
come
to
see
them
with
your
own
eyes.
With
more
knowledge about these places, you will have a
better understanding of Chinese history
and culture.
I am eager to
meet you soon. Wish you in advance a pleasant trip
to Beijing.
Yours ever,
9
Zhang Ying
练一练
Directions
:
In
this section, you are required to write a letter
in reply to a friend’s inquiry about
applying for admission to your college
or university. You should write
about
100 words and
base your composition on
the outline given in Chinese below:
1.
建议报考的专业及理由;
2
.报考该专业的基本条件;
3
.应当如何备考。
4.
申请信
(Letter of
Application)
(1)
申请信写作方法
①
首段:
自我介绍
a.
申请原因
b.
说明写信目的
②
主体:
a.
详述有关背景资料:资历、教育、工作经历、兴趣爱好;
b.
询问有关学校、课程等具体内容。
③
尾段:
a.
强调上诉材料重要性;
b.
希望尽快得到满意答复;
c.
要求手册及申请表;
d.
表示感谢。
(2)
写作流程图
说明写信的目的
10
介绍自我(包括:学历、工作简
历、在学校或工作单位表现)
第一部分:说明写信的目的
套语:
(1)
兹申请刊登在……上的……
.
工作。
I
am writing to apply for the post of
…
advertised in
…
(2)
见……上刊登的贵公司广告,我谨申请应聘贵公司的……职务。
In
reply to your advertisement in
…
, I beg to apply for the
post of
…
in your company.
(3)
看到贵公司在报上招聘……的
广告,
我马上感到这正是我这段时间所要寻找的工作,
并且我能
胜任。
Immediately I saw your advertisement in
the paper for
…I
felt it was
just the kind of post
for which I have
the qualifications and for which I have been
looking for some time.
(4)
我想申请入贵校学习。
I
would like to apply for admission to your college.
11
(5)
我想在贵校
……
系继续深造。
I would like to further my
studies in
…
department of
your university.
第二部分:介绍详情
套语:
(1)
我的专业爱好是……,我了解贵校在上述领域有极好的计划。
My
major
interest
is
…,
and
I
understand
your
university
has
a
good
program
in
those
fields.
(2)
……年,我
出生于……
.
。
……
.
年,我毕业于……
.
大学……
.
专业。毕业后一直
在
……
.
< br>工作,因此积累了该领域丰富的知识和经验。
Born
in
…
in
…
,
I
graduated
from
…
University
majoring
in
…I
have
been
working
in
…
since my
graduation, and
I have
therefore
attained a fair knowledge and
experience in
this field.
(3)
毕业后,我先担任……
, <
/p>
随后担任……,现任职于……
.
。
Upon
graduation,
I
first
worked
as
…
The
following
job
was
…
and
currently
I
am
working for
…
(4)
我现在就读于北京第二外国语学院,即将毕业于英语专业。
I
am
now
studying
at
Beijing
Second
Foreign
Language
Institute
and
will
soon
be
graduated as an English major.
第三部分:说明申请职位或学位的原因
套语:
(1)
贵公司目前从事的这种工作特别使我感兴趣。
The
kind of work in which your company is engaged
particularly interests me.
(2)
< br>我认为我具备了报上刊登的贵公司
……
一职所要求的必要
条件和经验。
I
feel
I
have
the
necessary
qualifications
and
experience
needed
for
the
position
12
of
…
advertised in the
newspaper.
(3)
对我来讲,这些经验加上我的
学历,使我具备了担任贵公司……一职的条件。
It
seems
to
me
that
this
experience,
together
with
my
education,
has
given
me
ideal
preparation to assume the role of
…
in a firm such as yours.
(4)
受我所学课程的影响,我对饭店、酒店管理产生了浓厚的兴趣。
Under
the
influence
of
the
courses
I
have
taken,
I
have
developed
a
special
interest
in
Restaurant and Hotel
Management.
第四部分:恳请招聘单位或所申请
的学校考虑自己的申请,并表示谢意,期望回复
套语:
(1)
如能尽快回复,将不胜感激。
Your prompt
response will be much appreciated.
(2)
希望贵校能给我寄来空白申请表。
I
hope you will kindly send me an application form.
(3)
如能收到所需的申请表和有关入学的指南我将十分感激。
I
would
greatly
appreciate
receiving
copies
of
the
required
application
forms
and
any
instructions you may be so kind as to
give me regarding my possible admission.
(4)
希望同意面试,届时我可以更详细地说明我的条件。
I
hope I may be granted an interview, when I can
explain my qualifications more fully.
(5)
我将乐意在您方便时接受面试,届时我将进一步介绍自己。
I should be pleased to attend for an
interview at your convenience, when I could give
you
further details concerning myself.
*
写入
学申请信与工作申请信有相似之初,
特别要注意两点:
一是不要
过分奉承对方,
二是不要自吹自擂。如不要所
I always studied well, and all my
teachers loved me.
而应
用自己学习成绩
单、获奖情况、发表论文情况说明问题
13
范文示例
例
1
入学申请
Dear Sir,
I should be very grateful if you would
let me have information about admission to your
university and details of any
scholarships that may be offered to students from
other countries.
I
have
finished
my
middle
school
studies
here
and
hold
a
Middle
School
Graduation
Certificate. Last year, I was elected
to the school
’
s honor
society. And I had been an editor of
the school yearbook.
I would
like to go to your university because it
emphasizes learning. I also feel that it will
provide me with greater opportunities
to participate in extracurricular activities such
dramatics
and writing. I hope for a
place for the next autumn.
I look
forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours faithfully,
×××
例
2
A Letter of Application for
a Job
May 25, 2004
Dear
Sirs,
I am looking for a position in an
engineering department in which I may use my
training
in
computer
science
to
solve
engineering
problems.
I
would
be
interested
in
exploring
the
possibility of obtaining such a
position within your firm.
I
expect
to
receive
a
Bachelor
of
Science
degree
in
mechanical
engineering
from
Tangshan
Institute
of
Technology
in
June.
Since
September
1993
I
have
been
participating,
through my
institute, in the Professional Training Program as
Programmer Trainee and have
gained a
great deal of experience in computer applications.
Details of the academic courses I
14
have taken
are contained in the enclosed resume.
May
I
have
an
appointment
for
an
interview
with
you
to
discuss
my
qualifications
in
detail? Please write to me at my home
or telephone me at 221701 any weekday.
Sincerely,
Zhang Lin
写作练习
Directions:
For this part,
you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition
on the topic
A
Letter of
Application for a School Loan.
You
should write at least 120 words according to
the outline given below in Chinese:
假设你是高鹏,是英语系的一名新生,请你就申请助学贷款一事给学校有关部门写封申
请信
: 1
.提出申请
2.
申请的理由
3.
恳请批准
15
5.
祝贺信
(Letter of Congratulations)
日常生活中,无论是亲朋好友毕业、晋升、获奖、开业、还是订婚、结婚、生日,都需<
/p>
要写上一封信表示祝贺。信中应表示为对方而高兴。祝贺信应当充满真诚和热情,收信
p>
人读后会感到喜悦和振奋。祝贺信既可以正式写,也可以随便写,具体视场合而定。对
不太熟悉的朋友适合正式写,以表示礼貌和尊重;对熟悉的朋友则可以随便一些。但无
论采用哪种方式,
祝贺信必须表达由衷的感情,
而且写信要及时。
下面将具体举例说明:
范例
1
祝贺毕业(
Congratulations on
Graduation
)
Dear
Mrs. Taylor,
We hear that your son Paul
has graduated from the notable M. I. T. with
honors. You must
be quite happy with
his splendid accomplishment. He is doubtlessly a
pride of your family.
We
are
very
happy
for
you
and
wish
to
extend
to
you
our
utmost
congratulations.
I
believe that the knowledge
he has acquired will enable him to be successful
in his future life.
With best wishes to his success and
happiness.
Sincerely yours,
Mary
祝贺信模板
Date:
Dear_______ ,
(1) I have
learned with delight that you______.
(1)
获悉值得祝贺的消息,
说出祝贺事由
(2)I would
like to extend to you my utmost
(2)
表达祝贺
congratulations on __
__.
(3) You must be very proud of your
______.
(3)
描述对方的心情
16
(4) And I feel very happy for you.
(4)
表达自己的心情
(5) ____
_ is quite
exciting news!
(5)
被祝贺人所取得的成绩
(6) You are really__
.
(6)
对对方的赞美
(7) I
know this is surely owing to__
_
.(7)
对方取得成绩的原因
(8)It is a
reward you richly
deserve for your __
. (8)
对对方取得成绩的肯定,
说出被祝贺人
的优点
(9)With your___
__,
I am sure that you will be (9)
被祝贺人的优秀品
质,表达对对方
的祝福
a
success in whatever you undertake. (10)Kindly let
me (10)
咨询对方的情况和时间
know when you____
_.
(11) I hope_
___
(11)
表达愿望
(12) My best wishes for your further
success. (12)
表达自己真诚的祝福
Sincerely
yours,
Signature
写作练习:
Directions:
For this part,
you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a
good friend
John,
congratulating him on his admission to a famous
university.
You should write at least
120 words according to the outline
given below in Chinese:
1.
对朋友进入大学表示祝贺
2
.介绍大学生活和中学生活的异同
3
.对如何成功地过好大学生活提出自己的建议
17
6.
介绍信
(Letter of Introduction)
介绍信分私人介绍信和正式介绍信
两种。私人介绍信是写信人向自己的亲友介绍第三
者,语气比较随便,格式也不讲究。正
式介绍信则是写信人因公把自己的同事或业务关
系介绍给某单位或个人。这种介绍信,语
言和格式比较规范、严谨。
(1)
介绍信写作方法
①
首段
a.
b.
被介绍人的姓名和身份
表明写作目的;
②
主体
:
说明事由,并且请求对介绍人提供帮助;
③
尾段
:
要提前表示感谢
*
公函对收信人的称呼一般以
To Whom It May
Concern
或
Dear Sir/Madam
开头,私
人介绍信可以直呼收信人的名字。
(2)
写作流程图
说明写信的目的
说明具体事由
18
表示谢意,期盼回复
第一部分:说明写信的目的
套语:
(1)
我写信是要报告
……
.
。
I am writing to
report
……
..
(2)
p>
我可以向您介绍
……
.
吗?
May I introduce
……
(3)
很高兴向您介绍我们纺织部的经理王有先生。
I
am pleased to introduce Mr. Wang You, our manager
of Textile Department.
(4)
请
允许我向您介绍持信人,杨菲小姐。她是我好友的女儿。她将去您所在的城市学
习到这个
月月底。
Allow me to introduce to you the
bearer, Miss Yang Fei, daughter of an intimate
friend of
mine, who is going to your
city to study toward the end of this month.
第二部分:介绍具体事由
套语:
无
第三部分:表示谢意,期盼回复
套语:
(1)
我十分感激您对杨菲的照顾,我想杨菲也是一样。
I
’
ll really
appreciate any kindness you can show her, and I
know Yang Fei herself will, too.
19
(2)
如果你能出手相助,你将帮我一个大忙,谨致谢忱。
I
shall consider it a great favor if you will kindly
give me a helping hand. Thank you in
advance.
(3)
我对此事给您带来的不便深表歉意,期待您的回复。
I must apologize for any inconvenience
caused and look forward to hearing from you.
范文示例
例
1
正式介绍信
To Whom It
May Concern,
The
bearer
of
this
letter,
Mr.
Lee
Graham,
has
for
several
years
been
interested
in
organizing
camps
for
boys
who
can
afford
to
spend
only
a
small
amount
on
their
summer
vacations. As he is considering
locations for camps in Grass Mountain,
I suggested that you
were
the man to help him, for you know every nook and
corner of the
place
(你对该地十分熟
悉)
.
I shall be happy if you can assist Mr.
Graham in any way. He is a find man and has a most
worthwhile job on his hands.
Yours very
truly,
X X
X
例
2
私人介绍信
July 30,
2004
Dear John,
My
former
roommate
at
college,
Mark
Chen,
will
be
in
Paris
next
month
to
study
comparative literature under a
scholarship. As you know,
I’
ve often wanted you two to
meet,
and this seems like an excellent
opportunity.
Although Mark is a very
serious student, he is one of the wittiest men
I know
—
a good
conversationalist in both French and
English.
20
I’
ve asked him to give you a
call since he has no definite address as yet. I
know how busy
you are with your work,
so please do not regard this as an obligation. But
if you have any free
time, do show Mark
around a bit. I would never have taken this
liberty had I not been sure you
would
enjoy the meeting.
I’
ll
really appreciate any kindness you can show him,
and I know Mark himself will too.
Sincerely,
Charles
写作练习
最近,你校的校园网将开辟一个英语学习交流博客(
blog
)
。请你根据下面的内容提示,
为校园广播站写一
篇广播稿,介绍这个博客,并欢迎同学们积极参与。
1.
p>
时间:
2015
年
6
月
1
日开通;
2.
目的:促进交流,提高英语水平;
3.
内容:交流经验,提出问题,参与每周讨论等;
注意:
1.
词数
p>
100
左右;
2.
请勿提及学校真实名称;
3.
可适当加入细节,以使内容充实、行文连贯;
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