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lesson3
Marine
Diesel
船用柴油机
intermal combustion
engine
内燃机
combustion chambe
r
燃烧
室
principle of its
operation
工作原理
cylinder
气缸
piston
活塞
fine spray of
fuel
细
多状燃油
crankshaft
曲轴
propeller
推进器
cycle
循环
four-stroke diesel
engine
四
冲程柴油机
suction
进气
compression
压缩
expansion
膨胀
exhaust
排气
t
ow-stroke
one
二冲程柴油机
bottom
dead
下止点
exhaus
排气
residual
exhaus
gases
残留废气
top
dead
centre
上止点
fuel inject
燃油喷射
inlet
ports
进气口
working
stroke
工作冲程
reduction gerar
box
减速齿轮箱
alternator
交流发电机
connecting rod
连杆
s
cavenge
por
t
扫气口
lesson5
Fixed
parts
固定件
moving parts
运动件
crank
case
曲柄箱
liner
缸套和衬套
cylinder cover
气缸盖
cylinder
block
气缸体
crown
活塞体
piston
rod
活塞杆
corss
head
十字头
main
bearin
g
主轴承
axial
thrust
轴向推力
end-chock
bolts
端塞螺栓
driven shaft
从动轴
thrust
block
推力块
scavenging air
box
扫气箱
bedplate
机座
frame
机架
cooling
jacket
冷却水套
exhaust valve
排气阀
fuel
valve
燃油阀
starting
valve
气动阀
satety valve
安全阀
indicator
cock
示功器旋塞
piston skirt
活塞裙
piston
ring
活塞环
gasket
垫圈
reciprocating
movement
往复运动
l
esson6
fuel oil
system
燃油系统
operation and
maintenance
运行和维护
carbon residues
残碳
fuel oil’
s
viscosity
燃油粘度
heavy oil
重油
residual oil
渣油
settling
tank
沉淀柜
fuel oil
tank
燃油柜
service tank
日用柜
fine
filter
细滤器
pressure regulating
valve
压力调节阀
needle valve
针阀
low
tanklevel
低油位报警
transfer pump
输送泵
three-way
valve
三通阀
injector pump
喷射泵
filter
过滤器
lesson7
lubricating oil
film
润
滑油膜
moving
part
运动件
mverment
condition
运动条件
oil
cooled pistons
油冷式活塞
resist
oxidation
抗氧化
total loss
system
总量损耗系统
circulating
system
循环式系统
gearing
传动装置
piston head
活塞顶
piston
ring
活塞环
liner wall
衬套壁
reversal of direction of
motion
运动方向的改变
mechanical
quill
机械注油器
crank
case
曲轴箱
bearing
轴承
piston
rod
活塞杆
auxiliavy
equipment
辅助设备
p
ump
泵
centrifvge
离心分离机
lesson8
fuel jetector
valve
燃油喷射阀
staring air
valve
起动空气阀
mechanical
strength
机械强度
internal
passages
内部管道
heat
exchanger
热交换器
jacket water circulating
pump
气缸套冷却水循环泵
turbo-blower
涡轮增压器
closed system
闭式系统
open
sysem
开式系统
head tank
压力水柜
sea water airculating
cooler
海水循环式冷却器
cavitation
effect
气蚀效应
air bell
气囊
vent port
放气口
ventilation
pipe
透气管
branch
支路
visual flow
indicator
可视式流量计
nozzle carbon
喷嘴积碳
lubricating oil
covler
滑油冷却器
blind-flange
盲板法兰
Lesson 9
舱底水：
bilge
压载水：
ballast
相互连接：
interconnect
涨水，进水：
inflow
在船上，到舷
外：
overboard
水密舱室：
watertight
compartment
应急舱底水泵：
emergency
bilge suction
替换物，选择对象：
alternative
饮水装置：
priming
device
到某种程度
：
in some
extemt
调
节船舶吃水差
：
turn the vessel
切换阀箱：
change-over
chest
Lesson 11
容积式泵：
displatement
pump
离心泵：
centrifugal
pump
往复泵：
reciprocating
pump
叶
片泵：
vane
pump
齿轮泵：
gear
pump
旋转泵：
rotary
pump
离心力：
centrifugal fore
< br>轴
向的：
axial
涡轮，涡轮机：
turbine
自吸式：
self-priming
啮合齿轮：
meshing
gears
蒸汽
喷射器
：
steam
ejector
舵机液压系统：
steering
gear
hydraulic
system
人字齿：
double
helical teech
大气压：
atmospheric pressure
立式泵：
vertical pump
Lesson 13
甲板机械：
deck
machinery
克令吊：
crane
日常检验：
rountine
checking
锚泊设备
：
anchor
arrangement
集装箱吊装设备厂：
锚链管：
chain pipe
原动机：
generator
装卸能力：
cargo
handling productivity
多旋转吊杆系统：
multiwinch slewing derrick system
绞车卷筒：
winch end
吊杆式起货装置：
derrick cargo
rig
安全负载：
safe
working load
Lesson3
1
．
The
diesel engine is type of internal combustion
engine which ignites the fuel by injecting
it into hot ,high pressure air in a
combustion chamber
柴油机是一种内燃机，它是通过将燃油喷射到
具有高温高压气体的燃烧室从而点燃燃油。
2
．
A
charge of fresh air is drawn or pumped into the
engine cylinder and then compressed
by
the moving piston to very high pressure
新鲜空气被吸入或注满主机气缸，这时通过活塞的压缩产生很大的压力。
3
．
The operation between two injections is
called a cycle, which consists of a fixed sequence
of events
工作周期是指在两次喷油之间的过程，它
是由一个固定顺序组成。
4
．
The
exhaust
ports
are
uncovered
also.
Pressurized
fresh
air
charges
into
the
cylinder,
blowing out any residual exhaust gases
from the last stroke through the exhaust port.
排气口打开，压缩空气的新鲜空气充入到气缸
;
来自最后一个冲程通过排气口排出一些残留
废气。
5
．
In
the two-stroke engine ,each revolution of the
crankshaft makes one power or working
stroke
,
while
in
the
four-
stroke
engine
,
it
takes
two
revolutions
to
make
one
power
stroke.
在二冲程柴油机中，
曲轴每转一周就做一次功或一个工作行程：
而在四冲程柴油机中，
曲轴
每转两周才做一次功。
Lesson5
1
．
We
found NO.2 cylinder knocking.
我们发现
2
号缸发生敲缸。
2
．
All
the piston rings are worn on the same side .
所有的活塞环都在同一侧被磨损。
3
．
This
liner
was
renewed
lately.
But
it
is
already
worn
out
about
5
hundredths
of
one
millimeter.
这个衬套前不久刚更换的，但是它每
毫米已经被磨损了百分之五。
4
．
The
white metal of the lower half of
the
crosshead
bearing is squeezed out.
十字头轴承下半部分的白合金被挤出来。
5
．
The
piston is a little bit inclined.
这活塞有点倾斜。
6
．
Cylinder clearance is too large.
气缸间隙太大。
7
．
The
cylinder cover starting valve leaks.
汽缸盖上的气动阀泄露。
8
．
The
cylinder oil one-way valve leaks.
汽缸油单向阀泄露。
9
．
A
bedplate must both be strong enough and
sufficiently rigid.
一个机座必须拥有足够的强度和硬度。
Lesson6
１．
By our
estimation, there will be about one hundred and
twenty tons of oil fuel oil left on
board, and we are going to store it in
one tank.
据我们的估计，大约一百二十吨的燃油将留在船上，我们将它们储
存在一个油柜里。
2
．
The fuel oil
requires treatment before passing to the engine.
燃油在进入主机之前需要被处理。
3
．
A typical fuel
injector consists of two basic parts , the nozzle
and the nozzle holder.
一个典型的燃油喷射包括两个基本部分，喷嘴和喷嘴座。
4
．
Once the
injector pump cuts off the high pressure fuel
supply, the needle valve will shut
down
quickly under the spring compression force.
一旦喷射泵中断高压油供应，针阀将通过弹簧的压缩迅速关闭。
5
．
Each pump is
connected to the injector, or injector , serving
one cylinder.
每个泵都连接一个或多个喷射器来为一个气缸服务。
6
．
Fuel must be
supplied at a certain pressure if the injection
pump is to function.
如果喷射泵要起到作用，那么燃油必须提供足够的压力。
7
．
The relief
valve both limits the feel pressure and provides
continuous venting of the fuel
system.
减压阀为燃油系统限制流入的压力和提供持续的通风孔的泄放压力。
8
．
The
quantities of fuel delivered to each cylinder is
evenly distributed.
大量燃油被均匀地分配到每个缸内。
Lesson7
1
．
The
lubrication oil temperature is too high for main
engine.
为主机提供的润滑油温度太高了。
2
．
The
lubrication oil is with coke.
这润滑油中渗有焦炭。
3
．
Adjust the temperature adjusting valve
of lubricating oil system to mechanical demand.
通过调整润滑油系统的温度调节阀来满足机械的需要。
4
．
Adjust
pressure
of
lubricating
oil
properly
so
that
the
pressure
of
lubricating
oil
is
higher
than the pressure of sea water in condenser.
通过调整恰当地滑油压力，使滑油的压力比冷凝器中的海水压力高。
5
．
Safe
and
efficient
means
are
to
be
provided
to
ascertain
the
amount
of
fuel
oil,
lubricating oil or
other flammable liquid left in any tank.
安全和有效的方法被提供于确定燃油滑油或其他可燃液体在船舱总量。
6
．
Main engine are to be provided with a
main lubricating oil pump of sufficient capacity
to
maintain supply of lubricating oil
at the maximum continuous output of the machinery.
主机能提供一个容量足够的主滑油泵，能维持在机械装置最大的连续输出下供应滑油。<
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