-
Drilling Rig Components
1.
Crown Block
and Water
Table
天车和井架天车台
2.
Catline Boom
and Hoist
Line
猫头绳悬臂和绞车
绳
3.
Drilling Line
钻绳
4.
Monkeyboard
井架工作台
5.
Traveling Block
游动滑车
6.
Top Drive
顶驱
7.
Mast
轻便井架
8.
Drill Pipe
钻杆
9.
Doghouse
钻台值班房
10.
Blowout
Preventer
防喷器
11.
Water Tank
水箱
12.
Electric
Cable Tray
电缆排
13.
Engine
Generator Sets
发电
机组
14.
Fuel Tank
燃油箱
15.
Electrical
Control House
电
气控制室
16.
Mud Pumps
泥浆泵
17.
Bulk Mud
Component
Tanks
散装泥浆原料罐
18.
Mud Tanks
(Pits
泥浆池
)
19.
Reserve Pit
泥浆储备池
20.
Mud-Gas
Separator
泥浆天
然气分离器
21.
Shale Shakers
振动筛
22.
Choke
Manifold
节流管汇
23.
Pipe Ramp
管子坡道
24.
Pipe Racks
钻杆架
25.
Accumulator
蓄压器
Additional
rig components not
illustrated at
right.
26.
Annulus
油套管环形空间
27.
Brake
制动器
28.
Casing Head
井口采油装
置
29.
Cathead
升降套管用绞车
Equipment
used in drilling
48.
Ram BOP
闸板式防喷器
49.
Rathole
大鼠洞
50.
Rotary Hose
水龙带
51.
Rotary Table
转盘
52.
Slips
卡瓦
53.
Spinning
chain
旋链
54.
Stairways
楼梯
55.
Standpipe
立管
56.
Surface
Casing
表层套管
57.
Substructure
井架底座
30.
Catwalk
工作平台
31.
Cellar
钻台下的圆井或方
井
32.
Conductor
Pipe
表层套管
33.
Degasser
脱气装置
34.
Desander
除砂器
35.
Desilter
除泥
36.
Drawworks
绞车
37.
Drill Bit
钻头
38.
Drill Collars
钻铤
39.
Driller's Console
司钻控制
台
40.
Elevators
升降机
41.
Hoisting Line
起重用钢丝
绳
42.
Hook
大钩
43.
Kelly
方钻杆
44.
Kelly Bushing
方钻杆套筒
45.
Kelly Spinner
方钻杆旋扣
器
46.
Mousehole
小鼠洞
47.
Mud Return
Line
泥浆返回
管线
58.
Swivel
钻井水龙头
59.
Tongs
大钳
60.
Walkways
通道
61.
Weight Indicator
指重表
< br>,
钻压表
Crown Block and
Water
Table
天车和井架天车台
An assembly of
sheaves
槽轮
or
pulleys
滑轮
mounted
on
beams at the top of the derrick.
The drilling line is run over the
sheaves down to the hoisting
drum
提升滚筒
.
2
26.
Catline Boom and Hoist Line
猫头绳悬臂和绞车绳
A structural
framework erected
安装
near the
top of the derrick for lifting
material.
Drilling
Line
钻绳
A wire rope hoisting
line,
reeved on
sheaves of the crown
block and traveling
block
(in effect a
block and
tackle
滑轮
组
). Its
primary
purpose is to hoist or
lower drill pipe or
casing
套管
from or
into a well. Also, a
wire rope used to
support
the drilling
tools.
3
Monkeyboard
井架工作台
The derrickman's working
platform. Double board,
tribble
立根
board, forble
board
二层台
;
a
monkey board located at a
height in the
derrick or mast
equal to two, three, or
four
lengths of pipe respectively.
4
Traveling Block
游动滑车
An arrangement of
pulleys
滑轮
or
sheaves
through which drilling
cable is
reeved
绕上钢
丝绳的
,
which moves
up or down in the
derrick or mast.
Top Drive
顶驱
The top drive
rotates the
drill
string
钻杆柱
end
bit without the use
of a
kelly
传动钻
杆
and
rotary table.
The top drive is
operated from a
control
console
控
制台
on the
rig
floor.
5
Mast
轻便井架
A portable derrick
capable
of being
erected as a unit, as
distinguished from a
standard derrick,
which
cannot be raised
to a working position
as a unit.
Drill Pipe
钻杆
The heavy seamless tubing
used
to rotate the bit and circulate
the
drilling fluid. Joints of pipe 30
feet long are coupled together
with tool joints.
6
27.
Doghouse
钻台值班房
A small enclosure on the rig floor used
as an
office for the driller or as a
storehouse for small
objects. Also, any
small building used as an
office or for
storage.
Blowout Preventer
防喷器
A large
valve, usually installed
above the ram
preventers
闸板防喷
器
,
that forms a seal in the annular
space
between the pipe and well
bore
井眼
or, if no pipe is present,
on the well bore itself
Water Tank
水箱
Is used to
store water that is
used for mud
mixing,
cementing
注水泥
, and
rig
cleaning.
7
Electric Cable Tray
电缆排
Supports the heavy
electrical cables that feed
the power from the control
panel to the rig motors.
Engine Generator Sets
发电机组
A diesel
柴油机
,
Liquefied
Petroleum Gas (LPG), natural
gas, or gasoline engine, along
with a mechanical
transmission and generator
for producing power for the
drilling rig. Newer rigs use
electric generators to power
electric motors on the other
parts of the rig.
Fuel Tanks
燃油箱
Fuel storage tanks for the power
generating
system.
8
Electric House
电气控制室
On diesel electric rigs, powerful
diesel engines drive
large electric
generators. The generators produce
electricity that flows through cables
to electric
switches and control
equipment enclosed in a
control cabinet
or panel. Electricity is fed to electric
motors via the panel.
Mud Pump
泥浆泵
A large
reciprocating
往复的
pump used to
circulate the mud
(drilling
fluid) on a
drilling rig.
9
Bulk Mud Components
in
Storage
散装泥浆原料存储
Hopper
加料漏斗
type
tanks for storage of
drilling fluid
components.
Mu
d
Pits
泥
浆
池
A
serie
s of
open
tank
s,
usua
lly made of steel
plates, through which the drilling mud is cycled
to allow sand and
sediments
残渣
to
settle out. Additives
添加剂
are
mixed with the mud in the pit, and the
fluid is temporarily stored there
before being pumped back into the well. Mud pit
compartments are also called shaker
pits
混合池
, settling
pits
沉砂池
, and suction
pits
泥浆池
, depending on their
main purpose.
10
28.
Reserve Pits
泥浆储备池
A mud pit in which a supply of
drilling fluid has been stored. Also,
a waste pit, usually an
excavated
挖
掘
,
earthen-walled pit. It may be
lined
with plastic to prevent soil
contamination.
Mud Gas Separator
泥浆天然气分离器
A device that removes gas
from the mud coming out of
a
well when a kick
井涌
is
being circulated out.
29.
Shal
e
Sha
ker
振
动
筛
A series
of
trays
槽
with
sieves
筛
子
or
screens
滤网
that
vibrate
振动
to
remove cuttings from circulating fluid in rotary
drilling operations. The size of the
openings in the sieve is selected to match the
size of the
solids in the drilling
fluid and the anticipated size of cuttings. Also
called a shaker.
11
Choke
Manif
old
节流
管汇
The
arrang
ement
of
piping
and
special
valves,
called
chokes
,
through which drilling mud is circulated when the
blowout preventers are closed to
control the pressures encountered
during a kick
井涌
.
Pipe
Ramp
管子坡
道
An
angled
ramp
for
draggin
g
drill
pipe up
to the
drilling
platfor
m
or
bringin
g pipe
down
off the
drill
platfor
m.
12
Pipe Racks
钻杆架
A horizontal support for
tubular
goods.
Accumulator
蓄压器
The storage device for nitrogen
氮
pressurized hydraulic
fluid, which is used in operating
the
blowout preventers.
13
Annulu
s
环形空
间
The
space
around
a
pipe in a
well
bore, the
outer
wall of
which
may
be
the wall
of either
the bore
hole or
the
casing; sometimes termed
the annular space.
Brake
制动器
The braking device on the
drawworks to stop a load
being lifted.
14