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1.
端午节
(the
Duanwu
Festival)
也
叫龙舟节
(the
Dragon
Boat
Festival)
，是中
国农历
(Chinese
lunar
calendar
)
的五月初五。关
于这个节日有很多传说，但是最著名是屈原的传说。屈原是战国
(the
Warring States Period)
时期楚国的一
位大臣。他正直，忠诚，因为提出让国家和平繁荣的建议而为
人所尊重。然而，国王的统
治让屈原日益心灰意冷，他于农历五月初五自沉汨罗江。
Fall on : occur, have as
date,
做为日期发生
Christmas Day falls on a
Monday this year.
传说：
legend
大臣
: minister
正直，忠诚
: upright ,loyal
建议：
counsel
心灰意冷
:disappointed
自沉：
drown oneself
The
Duanwu
Festival
,
also
called
the
Dragon
Boat
Festival,
falls
on
the
5
th
day
of
the
5
th
month
according to Chinese
lunar calendar. Many legends circulate around the
festival but the most popular is
the
legend of Qu Yuan. Qu was a minister of the State
of Chu during the Warring States Period .he was
upright ,loyal and highly esteemed for
his wise counsel that brought peace and prosperity
to the state.
However ,the emperor
gradually made Qu disappointed . He drowned
himself in the Miluo River on the
5
th
day of the
5
th
lunar month.
2.
中国经济的高速发展，带来了消
费文化的日益流行，同时也催生了一批具有高学历，充分享受
资本主义消费模式的年轻人
，他们习惯于当月工资当月花。因而被称为“月光族”
(the
moonlight
group)
。
“
月光族
”
一词出现于
20
世纪
90
年代后期，
是用来讽刺那些出生富裕、接受高等教育、
充分享受快餐文化
(
fast food culture)
的年轻人。
消费文化
:
a culture of consumption
日益流行
: more prevalent with
each passing day
催生
: bring
into being
资本主义消费模式
: capitalist
consumption way
出生富裕
: born
into wealth
充分享受
: appreciate
讽刺
:
make fun of
China
’
s economy
is developing very quickly, and has brought with
it a culture of consumption more
prevalent with each passing day. At the
same time, it has brought into being an educated
group of young
people who enjoy
capitalist consumption way.
They
’
re used to spending
money as soon as they get it
every
month, and so are called
“
the moonlight
group
”
. This word came into
being during the 1990
’
s ,to
make fun of those born into wealth, who
have received a high education ,and who appreciate
fast food
culture.
舞龙
(dragon dance)
是
中华文化中一种传统的舞蹈表现形式。传统上来讲，其表演动作象征着龙的历史地位，展示了力量
与尊贵。
舞龙起源于汉代
(the Han Dyna
sty)
。
人们认为它最初是作为耕作收成文化的一部分；
同时也是一种治病防病的方法起
源。舞龙在宋代
(the Song Dynasty)
已十分盛行成为了一项民间活动，且最常见
于各种节日庆典中。舞龙是世界各地唐人街举
办春节庆典的一个重头戏。
历史地位
historical roles
展示
demonstrate
尊贵
dignity
起源
originate
（追溯
date from
trace back to
）
耕作收成文化
the farming and
harvest culture
治病防病
heal and
prevent sickness
各种节日庆典
various festival
celebrations
唐人街
Chinatown
重头戏
highlight
Dragon
dance
is
a
form
of
traditional
dance
performance
in
Chinese
culture.
The
movement
in
the
performance
traditionally
symbolize
historical
roles
of
dragon,
demonstrating
power
and
dignity.
The
dragon
dance
originated in the Han Dynasty. It is
believed to have begun as part of the farming and
harvest culture, also with origins as a
method of healing and preventing
sickness. It was already a popular event during
the Song Dynasty when it had become a
folk activity and was most often seen
in various festival celebrations. The dragon dance
is highlight of Chinese New Year
celebrations held worldwide in
Chinatowns around the world.
中国武术
(Chinese
Kung
Fu)
已有数千年的历史，包含有众多搏击方式，是中国传统文
化的重
要组成部分。其诞生是出于古时对自我防卫、狩猎技巧及军事训练的需要。历史上
，中国武术的
影响可在书本及亚洲独有的表演艺术中见到。近来，其影响还扩展到电影及
电视业。由此，中国
武术的传播已超越其民族根源，对全世界都有着吸引力。
搏击方式：
fighting style
自我防卫
: self-defense
狩猎技巧
: hunting techniques
亚洲独有的表演艺术
: the performing
arts specific to Asia
扩展
:
extend
传播
: spread
超越
: beyond
民族根源
: ethnic roots
吸引力
:appeal
Chinese
Kung
Fu,
with
a
history
of
a
few
thousand
years
and
a
number
of
fighting
styles,
is
an
important
part of Chinese traditional culture. Its birth was
attributed to the need for self-defense, hunting
techniques and military training in
ancient times. Historically, the influence of
Chinese Kung Fu could
be found in books
and in the performing arts specific to Asia.
Recently ,those influence have extended to
the movie and television field. As a
result ,Chinese Kung Fu has spread beyond its
ethnic roots and has a
global appeal.
中国戏曲是中国戏剧和音乐剧的结
合，
其起源可追溯到
3
世纪。
中国戏曲有很多地方具分支，
京剧是其中最有名的一个。京剧出现于
18
世纪末，并于
19
世纪中期得到充分发展和认可。京剧
在清朝宫廷（
the
Qing Dynasty court
）特别受欢迎，并已被视为中国的文化珍品之一
。中国戏剧会
用到面具。面具的每种颜色代表不同的含义，用来表现人物角色，说明他们
的情感状态和大致性
格。
Chinese opera
is a combination of Chinese drama and musical
theatre, which roots back as far as
the
third century. There are numerous regional
branches of Chinese opera, of which the Beijing
opera
(Jingju) is one of the most
notable. The Beijing opera arose in the late
18
th
century and became
fully
developed and recognized by the
mid-19
th
century. It was
extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty court
and has been regarded as one of the
cultural treasures of china. Masks are used in
Chinese opera. Each
color of the mask
has a different meaning, portraying a
character
’
s role and
illustrating their emotional
state and
general character.
饺子（
jiaozi
）是人们在中国新年及
北方
常年
吃的主要食物之一。饺子的
发
音
听起来与最早的
纸币的名字相似，所以吃饺子被认为会带来<
/p>
幸运
。很多家庭在
除夕夜
吃饺子。有些厨师会藏一枚
干净的硬币，让幸运的人找到它。常见的饺子
肉馅
包括猪肉、牛肉、鸡肉以及鱼肉，这些肉馅通
常会与
切碎的蔬菜
混合在一起。
吃
饺子时拌有包含
醋
、
大蒜
、
或辣椒酱
(hot
sauce)
的以酱油
(soy
sauce)
为基础的沾酱
(dipping
sauce)
。
Jiaozi are one of the major foods eaten
during the Chinese New Year and year round in the
northern
provinces. The pronunciation
of jiaozi sounds like the name for the earliest
paper money, so eating them
is believed
to bring good fortune. Many families eat jiaozi on
Chinese New Year
’
s Eve. Some
cooks will
hide a clean coin for the
lucky to find. The common meat fillings of jiaozi
include pork, beef, chicken
and
fish,
which
are
usually
mixed
with
chopped
vegetables.
Jiaozi
are
eaten
with
a
soy
sauce-based
dipping sauce that may include vinegar,
garlic or hot sauce.
与
全国大
多数其他城市的人
相比
，广州人的
平均
收入
很高，
小康之家
越来越多。因此，
广州
人
上馆子
很常见。广州的餐馆整天
宾客满座
，因为广州人似乎特爱
享用美
食
。他们喜欢上馆子喝
早茶（
morn
ing tea
）
。在那里，小推车（
carts
）上装者各种
“
点心
”
（
dim su
m
）
，从一个桌子推到另
一个桌子，供
应顾客。周末一大早，从
7
点开始很多人就起床，在各种餐馆里
边喝茶，边吃早餐，
边
和朋友聊天。
Compared with people in
most other Chinese cities, people in Guangzhou
have quite high average
income,
and
the
number
of
well-to-do
families
has
been
rising
steadily.
For
this
reason,
it
is
very
common for Guangzhou residents to eat
out. Restaurants in the city are crowded with
dinners all day
round, as the people in
Guangzhou seem to be particularly keen on having
good food. The locals like to
have
“
morning
tea
”
in restaurants, where a
large variety of dim sum is served on carts going
from table
to table. At weekends, as
early as 7 o
’
clock ,a lot of
people in Guangzhou are up and are already
chatting
with friends over tea and
breakfast in various restaurants.
蹴鞠（
Cuju
）是中国古代的一项球类运动。它是
< br>竞技运动
，要把球踢进网内。该运动是为了
训练士兵而发
明的，在汉代，
从
军队
到
皇室
，
乃至
贵族阶层
，蹴鞠都很
盛行
。由于社会经济的发
展，蹴鞠在宋代甚至
风靡
社会各阶层
。当时，职业蹴鞠球员十分普遍。这些球员分为两类：一类
是由皇室训练并
为皇室表演，而另一类则由
靠
蹴鞠
谋生
的
平民百姓
组成。
竞技运动
competitive game
皇室
royal courts
从<
/p>
……
到
……
乃至
……
from
…
to
…
,
and
…
贵族阶层
upper classes
盛行
popularity
风靡
extended its popularity
社会各阶层
every class in society
靠
……
谋生
m
ade a living
平民百姓
civilians
Cuju is an
ancient Chinese ball game. It is a competitive
game that involves kicking a ball through
an opening into a net. The game was
invented for military training purpose. During the
Han Dynasty, the
popularity
of
cuju
spread
from
the
army
to
the
royal
courts
and
upper
classes.
Due
to
social
and
economic development, the sport even
extended its popularity to every class in society
during the Song
Dynasty. At that time,
professional Cuju players were quite popular.
These players fell into two groups:
one
was trained by and performed for the royal court
and the other consist of civilians who made a
living
as Cuju players.
闻名于
世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。丝绸之路延伸
6,000
多公里。得名于古代中
国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和中东
文明发展中发挥了重要作用。正是
通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷等四
大发明才被引介到世界各地。同样，中国
的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器（
porcelain
）也传遍全球。物质文化的交流是双向的。欧洲也通过丝绸之
路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场的需要。
丝绸之路
Silk Road
路线
routes
extend
文明发展
civilization development
造纸、火药、指南针、印刷
papermaking,
gunpowder, compass and printing
传遍
spread
物质文化的交流
material and
cultural exchanges
双向的
two
–
way
满足
……
需
要
meet the needs of
The
world-
renowned
（
有声望的）
Silk Road
is
a series of
routes
connecting the East and
the West. It
extended more than 6,000 kilometers. The Silk Road
was named after
ancient China’s silk
trade which played an important role in the
civilization
development of China,
South Asia, Europe and the Middle East. It was
through the
Silk Road that papermaking,
gunpowder, compass and printing of the four great
inventions of ancient China were
introduced around the world. Similarly, Chinese
silk,
tea and porcelain spread all over
the world. Europe also exported various goods and
plants through the Silk Road to meet
the needs of the Chinese market.
中国人自古以来就在中秋节庆祝丰
收，这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的风俗十分相似。过中秋节的习
俗于唐代早期在中国各地开
始流行。中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日，这天夜晚皓月
当空，人们合家团聚
，共赏明月。
2006
年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，
2008
年又被定为公
共假日。月饼被视为
中秋节不可或缺的美食，人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或家庭聚会上享用。
传统的月饼带
有
“
寿（
longevity
）、
“
福
”
或
“
和
”
等字样。
庆祝丰收
celebrate harvest
自古以来
Since ancient times
与
……
相似
is
similar to
农历八月十五
the 15th
day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar
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