英语经济翻译

三资企业

（中外合资、

中外合作、

外商独资）

overseas-invested enterprises; foreign-invested

enterprises (Chinese-overseas equity joint ventures, Chinese-overseas contractual joint

ventures, wholly foreign- owned enterprises)

存款保证金

guaranty money for deposits

货币回笼

withdrawal of currency from circulation

吸收游资

absorb idle fund

经常性贷款

commercial lending

经常性支出

operating expenses

再贷款

re- lending; subloan

支持国有大型企业和高新技术企业上市融资

support large state-owned enterprises and

high and innovative technology companies in their efforts to seek financing by listing on

the stock market

改制上市

An enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so that it

will get listed on the stock market.

进一步规范和发展证券市场

further standardize and develop the securities market

增加直接融资比重

increase the proportion of direct financing

完善股票发行上市制度

improve the system for IPO and listing on stock markets

中国证监会

China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)

深圳证券交易所市

Shenzhen Stock Exchange

上海证券交易所

Shanghai Stock Exchange

综合指数

composite index

纳斯达克

（高技术企业板）

NASDAQ

（

National Association of Securities Dealers Automated

Quotation

主板市场

the main board

通货紧缩

deflation

中国现代化建设分三步走的战略

the three-

step development strategy of China’s

modernization drive

第 一步，到

1990

年国民生产总值比

1 980

年翻一番

Step One: GDP of

1990 doubles that of 1980.

第二步，到

2000

年人均国民生产总值比

1980

年翻两番，人民

生活达到小康水平

Step Two: GDP of 2000 quadruples that of 1980; people live a fairly

comfortable life.

第三步，到

21

世纪中期建国

100

周 年时，达到中等发达国家水平

Step

Three: By the year 2049, the 100th anniversary of the P.R.C., China’s level of development

is expected to be on par with the mid-ranking developed countries

与世界经济的联系将更加紧密

be more closely linked to the world economy

中国巨大的市场潜力将逐步转化为现实的购买力

The huge market potential that China

enjoys will be turned into tangible purchasing power.

适应市场经济需要的法律法规体系还不够健全

The regulatory and legal system is not well

established as to adapt to the demand of market economy.

经济管理体制可能会出现一些不适应

The economic management system may not be

readily adapted to the changes.

一些行业和企业可能会受到冲击

Some sectors of economy and some businesses may be

adversely affected.

立足中国国情，发挥自身优势

proceed from national conditions in China and bring our

advantages into play

扬长避短，

趋利避害，

迎接 经济全球化的挑战

foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses

and rise to the challenge of economic globalization

瓶颈制约

bottleneck constraints

放权让利

decentralization and interest concessions (in late 1980s and early 1990s)

深化改革

intensify reform; deepen one’s commitment to reform

配套改革

supporting (concomitant) reforms

配套资金

counterpart funds; local funding of

提高经济效益

improve economic performance; increase economic returns

讲求社会效益

value contribution to society; pay attention to social effect

加速国民经济信息化

develop information-based economy accelerate IT application in

economy

拉动经济增长

fuel economic growth

利改税

substitution of tax payment for profit delivery

费改税

transform administrative fees into taxes

债转股

debt- to-equity swap

头寸宽裕（头寸紧缺）

in an easy position (tight position)

朝阳产业

sunrise industry

招标投标制

the system of public bidding for project

充分发挥货币政策的作用

give full play to the role of monetary policy

实施积极的财政政策

follow a pro-active fiscal policy

向银行增发国债，扩大投资

The government issued additional treasury bonds to banks to

increase investment.

再注资

recapitalization

放松银根

to ease monetary policy

信息经济

IT economy

外向型经济

export-oriented economy

信息时代

information age

全球化

globalization

（全球性

globality

）

信誉风险

reputational risk

风险评级

risk rating

到期不还贷

default on a loan

资不抵债

insolvency; be insolvent

亚洲金融危机

Asian financial crisis (1997-98)

投资（贷款）组合

investment (loan) portfolio

外汇储备充足

sufficient foreign exchange reserves

中国金融业问题

problems with financial sector in China

储蓄比例过高

the excessively large proportion of savings in the money supply

国有企业产负债率过高

high leverage ratio of the state-owned enterprises,

国有独资商业银行不良资产比例过高

high ratio of non-performing loans of the state

commercial banks

少数中小存款金融机构不能支付到期债务

insolvency of a handful of small and

medium-sized financial institutions

不良贷款

non- performing loans

防范和化解金融风险

address financial risks

提高企业借贷和行使民事责任的能力

improve enterprises’ creditworthiness and ability to

fulfil their civil liabilities

监事会

supervisory board

实行谨慎会计制度

adopt prudential accounting standards

五级分类法划分贷款质量

the five-category asset classification approach

金融资产管理公司

financial asset management companies

分离和收回不良资产

substantially reduce the ratio of non- performing assets

分业管理、规模经营

business segregation, economy of scale

规范金融机构市场退出制度

improve the market exit mechanism for financial institutions

政策性银行

state policy-related bank

国家发展银行

State Development Bank

知识经济

knowledge-based economy

网络经济

Internet- based networked economy

指导性计划

guidance plan

社会主义市场经济（中国）

socialist market economy

社会市场经济（德国）

social market economy

新经济（美国）

new economy

中国光大银行

Everbright Bank of China

中国民声银行

China Minsheng Banking Corporation Ltd.

中信实业银行

CITIC Industrial Bank

中国进出口银行

China EXIM Bank

汇丰银行

Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HKSBC)

金融监管

financial supervision

中国人民银行法

Law of the People’s Bank of China

商业银行法

Law of Commercial Banks

保险法

Law of Insurance

证券法

Law of Securities

巴塞尔原则

Basel Core Principles

监管对象的行 为有问题、

管理机制不健全

problems of supervised entities’ behavior and the

unsound internal governance mechanism

风险意识

consciousness of risk prevention

事前监管

proactive regulation and supervision

account number

帐目编号

depositor

存户

pay-in slip

存款单

a deposit form

存款单

a banding machine

自动存取机

to deposit

存款

deposit receipt

存款收据

private deposits

私人存款

certificate of deposit

存单

deposit book, passbook

存折

credit card

信用卡

principal

本金

overdraft, overdraw

透支

to counter sign

双签

to endorse

背书

endorser

背书人

to cash

兑现

to honor a check

兑付

to dishonor a check

拒付

to suspend payment

止付

check

支票

check book

支票本

order check

记名支票

bearer check

不记名支票

crossed check

横线支票

blank check

空白支票