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Motivation, Incentive &
Creativity
動機、誘因與創造力
It is claimed that the so-called free-
enterprise system creates incentive. This may be
true, but it also perpetuates greed,
embezzlement, corruption, crime, stress, economic
hardship, and insecurity
. In
addition, the argument that the monetary system
and
competition generate incentive does
not always hold true. Most of our major
developments in science and technology
have been the result of the efforts of very
few individuals working independently
and often against great opposition. Such
contributors as Goddard, Galileo,
Darwin, Tesla, Edison, and Einstein were
individuals who were genuinely
concerned with solving problems and improving
processes rather than with mere
financial gain. Actually
, very often
there is much
mistrust in those whose
incentive is entirely motivated by monetary gain,
this can be
said for lawyers,
businessmen, salesman and those in just about any
field.
自由企業制度聲稱創造了
誘因。
這也許
是
事實
，
但它
也
同時帶來
持續
的貪婪、
貪
污、腐敗
、犯罪、精神壓力、經濟蕭條與不安全感。
此外，金融貨幣體系和競爭
< br>產生誘因的這種立論，不盡然總是真實的。
我們
大部份<
/p>
的
主要
科學
科技
成就
，一
直以來
皆
是非常少數的
個體獨立研究者
的努
力結果
，
而
通常這些人
都對抗著巨大
的社會反對。
像是
Goddard(
戈達德
)
、
Galileo(
伽利略
)
< br>、
Darwin(
達爾文
)
、
Tesla(
特
斯拉
)
、
Edison(
愛迪生
)
和
Einstei
n(
愛因斯坦
)
這些貢獻者
，
他們都是真誠地關心
解
決問題
和改善過程的個體，
而不是
僅僅
關心財務
獲利。
事實上，在誘因是完全由
金融獲利所驅動的那些人之中
，
十分經常有許多的不信任，<
/p>
而這點可以套用到律
師、生意人、銷售員和幾乎差不多所有領域的
那些人之上。
Some may question
that if the basic necessities are accessible to
all people, what will
motivate them?
This is tantamount to saying that children reared
in affluent
environments, in which
their parents provide all the necessary food,
clothing, shelter,
nutrition, and
extensive education, will demonstrate a lack of
incentive or initiative.
There is no
evidence to support this fallacious assumption.
There is overwhelming
evidence to
support the facts that malnutrition, lack of
employment, low wages, poor
health,
lack of direction, lack of education,
homelessness, little or no reinforcement
for one's efforts, poor role models,
poverty
, and a bleak prospect for the
future do
create monumental individual
and social problems, and significantly reduce an
individual’s drive to achieve. The aim
of a resource based eco
nomy is to
encourage
and develop a new incentive
system, one no longer directed toward the shallow
and
self-centered goals of wealth,
property
, and power. These new
incentives would
encourage people to
pursue different goals, such as self-fulfillment
and creativity
, the
elimination of scarcity
, the
protection of the environment, and the alleviation
of
suffering in their fellow human
beings.
有些人也許會
質疑
，
如果
所有人都可以獲得
基本需求，
那
什麼將會驅動刺激著他
們
呢？這等於說
，
當孩子在富裕的環境中
被養育時
，
他們的父母提供一切必要的
食品
、
衣著
、
住房
、
營養
、
和
廣泛的
教育，而
這些
孩子勢必會
表現出
缺乏
誘因或
創新
。但並無證據支持這一項荒謬的假設。但有
壓倒性的
證據
支持
營
養不良
、
失
業
、
低工資
、
健康不佳
< br>、
缺乏方向
、缺乏
教育
、無家可歸、一個人的努力少有或
沒有回報、壞榜樣、
< br>貧窮
、和對於未來的慘淡
前景
，
確實創造了巨大的個人和社
會問題，並大大降低了個人
去
實現
的衝勁
。資源<
/p>
導向
經濟的目的，是鼓勵和發展
一種新的
誘因體系
，一個不再
朝向膚淺
和以自我為中心
的
目標
，像是
財富
、
財產
和權力。這些新的
激勵誘因，將會
鼓勵人們追求不同的目標
，如自我實現和創造
力、
消除
匱乏、<
/p>
保護環境
、和
減
輕緩和他們
人類
同胞
的痛苦。
People, provided with good
nutrition in a highly productive and humane
society
, will
evolve a new
incentive system unattainable in a monetary
system. There would be
such a wealth of
new wonders to experience, explore, and invent
that the notion of
boredom and apathy
would be absurd. Incentive is often squelched in
our present
culture, where a person
dare not dream of a future that seems unattainable
to him or
her. The vision of the future
that too many see today consists of endless days
of
mindless toil, and a wasted life,
squandered for the sake of merely earning enough
money to survive from one day to the
next.
在一個具有高度生產力和人道的社會中
，
人們被供給著良好的養份，
且將會進化
成一種在
金融貨幣體系中無法達成的
新
誘因
制度
。
將會有
如此大量
豐富
的新驚奇
等待去體驗、探索、和
發明
，所以無聊
和冷
淡的概念
將會是荒謬的。
在我們目前
的文化中
，
誘因往往被壓抑，
於其中一個人
不敢
去
夢想
著
他
或
她
看貣來無法
實現
的未來
。
今日許多
人
看到
的未來視野展望，
是
由無
止
盡
盲目辛勞
的日子
和
被浪費
的生
命所組成
，
而
浪費
揮霍生命僅僅是為了能賺取足夠的金錢，
以從一天存活到
下
一天。
Each successive period
in time creates its own incentive system. In
earlier times the
incentive to hunt for
food was generated by hunger; the incentive to
create a javelin or
a bow and arrow
evolved as a process supportive to the hunt. With
the advent of an
agrarian society the
motivation for hunting was no longer relevant, and
incentives
shifted toward the
cultivation of crops, the domestication of
animals, and toward the
protection of
personal property
. In a civilization
where people receive food, medical
care, education, and housing,
incentives would again undergo change and would be
redirected: People would be free to
explore other possibilities and lifestyles that
could
not be anticipated in earlier
times.
每個
相繼的
時期
創造出自己的動機體系
。
在早期
，
為了食物而去狩獵的動機是由
飢餓所產生
;
去創造一把標槍或弓箭的動機
，
是作為一種幫助狩獵的過程而演進
。
隨著農業社會<
/p>
的降臨
，狩獵的動機已不
再相關
，
並且誘因
轉向
耕
種農作物
、
馴化
動
物
、和朝向
保護個人財產。在
一個人們
獲得
糧食
、
醫療
照護、
教育
、和
住房
的
文明之中
，
誘因動機
將再
次經歷改變，
並重新設定方向
：人們將會是自由的，以
去探索在早期時代中無法預期到的其它可能性和生
活型態。
The nature of incentive
and motivation is dependent upon many factors. We
know, for
example, that the physical
and mental health of an individual is directly
related to that
person's sense of self-
worth and well-being. Furthermore, we know that
all healthy
babies are inquisitive; it
is the culture that shapes the particular kind of
inquiry and
motivation. For example, in
India and other areas of great scarcity there are
many
people who are motivated not to
accumulate wealth and material property; they
renounce all worldly goods. Under the
conditions in which they find themselves, this
is not difficult. This would seem to be
in direct conflict with other cultures that value
the accumulation of material wealth.
Y
et, which view is more valid?
Y
our answer to
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